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  • Helical Linear Spherical 20-400 NM Single-Stranded Double Stranded Linear (RNA or DNA) Circular (RNA or DNA)

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    John
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    Viruses are intracellular parasites composed of nucleic acid surrounded by protein that are incapable of independent replication. They come in various shapes and sizes from 20-400nm, can have single or double stranded nucleic acids that are linear or circular RNA or DNA. Viruses infect host cells and use their metabolic processes to reproduce. Viroids are simpler than viruses and contain only single-stranded RNA with no associated proteins, infecting plants. Prions are the simplest infectious agents, containing no nucleic acid but being able to induce abnormal folding of normal proteins and cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.

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    Viruses

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    Viruses are intracellular parasites composed of nucleic acid surrounded by protein that are incapable of independent replication. They come in various shapes and sizes from 20-400nm, can have single or double stranded nucleic acids that are linear or circular RNA or DNA. Viruses infect host cells and use their metabolic processes to reproduce. Viroids are simpler than viruses and contain only single-stranded RNA with no associated proteins, infecting plants. Prions are the simplest infectious agents, containing no nucleic acid but being able to induce abnormal folding of normal proteins and cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.

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    10 vues3 pages

    Helical Linear Spherical 20-400 NM Single-Stranded Double Stranded Linear (RNA or DNA) Circular (RNA or DNA)

    Transféré par

    John
    Viruses are intracellular parasites composed of nucleic acid surrounded by protein that are incapable of independent replication. They come in various shapes and sizes from 20-400nm, can have single or double stranded nucleic acids that are linear or circular RNA or DNA. Viruses infect host cells and use their metabolic processes to reproduce. Viroids are simpler than viruses and contain only single-stranded RNA with no associated proteins, infecting plants. Prions are the simplest infectious agents, containing no nucleic acid but being able to induce abnormal folding of normal proteins and cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme DOCX, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
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    sur 3

    Viruses

    Particles composed of nucleic acid surrounded by protein


    Some possess a lipid envelope & assoc. glycoproteins
    No cellular structure; Absent:
    Chromosomes
    Cytoplasm
    Cell membrane
    Incapable of independent replication bec they dont contain needed enzyme to copy their

    nucleic acids
    Intracellular parasites that reproduce using metabolic prop. of their host cell
    Smaller than bacteria
    Can only be seen under electron microscope

    Shape
    Size
    Nucleic acid
    composition

    Helical
    Linear
    Spherical
    20-400 nm
    Single-stranded
    Double stranded
    Linear (RNA or DNA)
    Circular (RNA or DNA)

    Viroids (virusoids)
    -

    Simpler than viruses


    Infectious particles
    Single-stranded RNA
    No associated proteins
    Plant pathogens
    No human pathogens although human hepatitis D virus may have originated from
    them

    Prion
    -

    Unique bec. no nucleic acid


    Simplest most recognized agents
    Extreme resistance to steam, gamma radiation, & disinfectants
    Atypical mammalian protein
    Can interact w/ normal protein and make it a prion (undergoes conformational change)
    Responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies
    Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)
    Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)

    Prokaryotes
    -

    Bacteria; archaea
    No true nucleus
    Normally only one chromosome not separated by other cell contents
    Haploid
    Reproduce asexually
    o Rely on mutation to create genetic variety & new strains w/ advantageous charac
    o Many bacteria can receive new genes from other strains or species

    Eukaryotes
    -

    Cellular microorganisms (fungi, protozoa, algae)


    Have a true nucleus
    Chromosomes separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane
    Diploid
    Reproduce sexually

    Bacteria
    -

    Essentially unicellular
    Some are sheathed chains of cells

    Eubacteria
    -

    Bacteria of interest in pharmacy & medicine


    Rod shaped (bacillus), spherical (cocci), curved, or spiral
    0.5-5.0 mm (longest)
    Gram-positive or gram-negative

    Arcaea

    No pharmaceutical importance

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