IN THE

MIND'S EYE

ENHANCING HUMAN PERFORMANCE

a. In m^r *p ARl'j i*.

momton from UK Amy Rneirch liutiuu. Dr. Midoel Diillin|> u>4

Dr. Judiih Ofuuiu. pnwldcd .Me ktaUinilK u>d ledulcil idvicc.
ind Mijor )ohn M. Hijmui of UK UnKomd Kullh Snvini UH-

 e.prcis mj penoul

IN THE

MIND'S EYE

PART I

Background

"l

sin, pw^^Mc^t^lng'w

""rnlyf <X> BJWlnlfilillldB. tafc ^Ol^Il'lClBWl^

lean, pnformmte. Tbeit in Kmeof UK topici ihu hnmcd Um^n).

lli.CulUnginDuibcit
"lyta. Win ie[d <o

aftn's tahivin u i guide lo Ininin) I Be

Ti'lc iiniiuitm.'incLiid"| ihc Amy. Alli^gi iKy hi con

i in iiibbnunil laming is * to rtctnl ruulii ihDwin inn

(

Findings and Conclusioi

Mu^tl'o^^M^(i>'iiriM'^.^Z"*^)'.r'
or similir m the mnini wb md tMdiutmi. poHlmniTii ptrfonnn

Tir* demmd llnli inou effort in pcrffm DC regudrf

of prutict vui.6te! ,tdi n (ndbKt. coolti

1. Such i Duub nukci pcniiblc Ihc uikxini at

Hi in tina couaitliog pngnmi. MM

cd oo ta4a,u,K methodBlBfiH. BcKei
uxocdin, w rijoma melhaiolij,ic^ ,u

rad rffctl m l

lini MycbolojLal pen

:,. mvertal bduvion cm te especially rcvahai. Tin

si: geiaan, K delooj deception in > viriny of iinm

.. .... , ...___. .

jerimtmT^viJe in bull

the [rip perioraiBM qu

PART

II

Training

ore coxnplti pnfonnincci. Tbt disunion in Ihii clupti

to effecuvElr t.mtt Ual kn

Optimizing Long-Term
Retention and Transfer

e ilKll. Socb peifcnninx it i hLjhlj jgipofecr iiKk< of UK kind

iV.e,,nb.ml.UH|--'
-

DllHr pUcc. ihe kuncr raiy pn(im quiM din

ch Iht liirning-peifoniuDtt tatmaion a oHen bluned or (ntgooni

net of diKeiing feveli of Inroini do, indeed, dcnou jui

. 1981: Hurinct inl Monugue. I9S2; N.ylo. UK) Briui. l

D,,,,,!,., ...*.. >l .-.,,.;

<n ihoujh they hive iclueved ibc crittriw of miting

,n| . .

di uiy liven level gf pcrfm, (eh Of, erc fillinf

pc.*r. Ttos.JpHl

> mm. coopemivt Lamin Kchioquei. pctr-icttUM BchimuKi. ud

id ion 111* in UK iy rfuiiwera,,, producing, md pntiicinj m lb>

:il pouptaj of

, pnfcnmed a . mid. biibtr fc.el on H

Oudl^ md Slncriiy, mi Ibp^l'i^RDK. 1983

ft, forgtnini is lit

in infeta, 0:a ll i . hi|h k.

wijmil laming, ml limiluiiy. wd poulivt nraler. but WE bund no

cp^ii1U^JntUoforilui|^^. MmltaTopoiM
I

uung ID the pomninin| tnk

tki of Dmirti htllnr [I i

nl limiluity. Tic (rater ttn jxmivtd

frcridlt, CaiMamit Inurjima Diritf T

Oia can. in mm, enhince Ibe level of originil lurain). Tim, O

llj from ihc -OKDdini Ipi-

:m limiUriiy in oh|od

or tnw-ftitt judjmttili of 1iHhH I jivm mumcnl dii

STor K^TC'^toj'd^lnJ'ui^n p.oixaine

B pri-WI, UK pioduci of juiii-ih.l n>

eunint tilt pint u i pcodoci of men npmuie inj nptmi. -iftvi!^f^'5K'I^iS^rLii'1im|ltawi!'|l*di|"' MnolTit

C|ot) fur Ibe Hit U given w HibJKU. UK incluiion a! uunplei ilk

iiKh .bimci ountaj IicilUila Inosfo (Cb.n[ cl il.. 1986; Qkl wl

1 U* H*r pUyet un pndut.

9! pcojnm -ould impur ptrfrninnM in
,in ibc unit rtiponst elm

Muiy md

ta ftH|iinilly at a Himmuy form fafluaa poorei ptrtonunct

iszsr,

i n . cnic. piini^ icirn.

ic Mw pJic'ipuiL inripuiiw b, diimi'lhe minini pnnxu.*"

Modeling Expertis

iiI ikilli (inch M n>in|>.

ukmUt For Item, mo iboigb Iber cm ("afocm the ml

MHiripn.1 u ipccuin. otacnini I muui or eipcit lucnin, Oc

cm ^^.-jff^jJS.'KSel'muit'mwto?'l^^m

"!* s ''ia' 'SfJJt' '""* "SUIT1* """t/ita'u

Though. priKi 10 iBii .y should jilt . >.i .0 lem .

. c u . b

il model.
ifiolding refers 10 tht support i lucher pnwidci w Uuu Iht <lug.iiJini CIK mil (Scnduulii H iL, 1484). Stiflddine mui In-

id ctmplu, ud Ihey IK ni well undeutwd by

j pro

rni t

uc cleu wi, xir-percelvEd conflict* u DbuioeJ ihnnih

al nip. BuicilLy. Ihcy cm

a isscuin, whnhn they bid mtarnonj I ipctinc line in m ffimnplt

lrtmn inuMcibDocuii. mini nubin] light mi|hi nijgtr i rait of

kln, Of ponn wiuh or MOM ber ilrt. Donuin-ipccirk (no-

nc'I no comprdKnuoa Hue. Tbii kind oi know],

!d by uiki ucb u utlni pcapk ID jid|e ibc dim.

pier pratlnni for hich ihty ilieidy kno

ste,. p,0> J.iKh X) or UK ippbcilioo at i

I. Fw eunpl. pnaoiypic.1 iums of cuejor>

ke jraopl Itai t*sB ilta' MietK wplicilljr

ill .1 more likely ID provide tuowkdp or toe praxdurn li e.poinm.1 IMwtnxy-iyiK uiki. HiniKh el il. (I9SI) rtwwoi. foreiunple.
lowtver. .ncn any wm utcd 10 KI in ipKificd liuuiuu. Ihcir

HKfc u -bra fire ii (tnini Hi

or itaBalihlne It (Kltin. LM

wlih'iL'^tr OBdiUiiu.

I9BII Al^mgh il do DOi pnttm

i

ilitd KI of praMem. ind i lynem uich u rte bullifou Hunlc

TrUUnj Sjiu (Towns iml MOCTIK. 1SBJ) OD traubluboa n;

<u only |iv; unsolicited idvicc wbco ibe (J.,n bu nu

I pslojy l y i i e , In in

Developing Car

uibi|ilI|m^V!illcMii

ito

n, pcrfomuiK, duntio* M

lit at urtmiquu or revn. of lit,

ih ID UK evtlulion of (tU-cepoi

Mid KIWI tnicny dcicnbci niilinj Ai

nd iwnpowini man lout am, pUnning ul *

Ijhi iDCJmie Of following iniinmnl md id

oriuiliiioul pcrfgnuDce nd u b* ip-

ctU. <g ImplcDKnl Fa

HD developed u Ox iai

ly ocguilad pmj, inrW m

ing philosophy noud in ibc idexrT

lion (Wherein I now? wt do ] &mk I no* >. |m] iaii^(*

HI ue dHtriWd if tx guide. The Caa

" '

- "' "

dfcwliTSlMiiwI from i il^'of ibe

KB"t cninc:1^^ NWJ. 9J1

<U. ibc IndUEUI Collegt of tt* Armo) Forai ii

<li.|i.tic Ul> ( ^iU, id wch uchni

Pm<

his mfwmulH. p.0 of . Coo.phen.ie poforau e,^u..

tu providn Ibe buii [or sl icnini "id plumini (Furl Ltivn..

 prosnim .hi. *J''' | I

(i

S. l|1of1ani"ijim. Wiih^ri "l^cn Dl

meiiuiiy, on Bl( intijhli, uid m itHn- ml laif-ttmi

I u ra> popilu iasnnaaa Ihu Iei4> people to omidtr

cnd q^-kltf nditbi ^

jly popolu ii i [H for vouiionil [uidinM.

tat AppLciifcmi of PiJthdoiicU Tjpi, Inc. (la*'*,! o

[be fetultt muH be rtJBdtJ u mly luueill'e. AnoBra lim of in>

.uoo. developed b, Yuklgy (19S2, 1965). indkiu Ihil limOus
s

S 0( llWIMi". CII

_____PART

III

Altering Menial State;

(. ClupterfiKldnnetllieidciiif

h phy.lolotic.1ml p.ycholDglc*] nation i. the topic

more |werilly u u improved qwlity of life. In mi. clupter On

* IBItegiei Ha inymvlni scniracy. The

ue likely 10 be c.ofhl lyinj.

Subliminal Self-Help

^nT., tHate#r<*t MtOuve,. IMK Mo2.!']9B2: mule.

der tCf caOat of ^loducu orodiccd 6r Patpli>J> UriimittJ o/On

nlimited oflm Ha program. Ditam fa flf you

ID btkfly ILK Uuj cnniH t* cnutiwuly Ha,- It

uWiminU ptrctpoon 111 nlid phenomenon ihll cm be dcnumumcd

Ii^[!ioiiIt7J^j^JSlT^<^1I^l^IiiI^t^ii^^
iht Riulu of iludy tj Chwinan ind Hcriklc |IM1) in wMch wb-

nd they rhcnfon olimurf (heir perfonnuiK tm B* M

ed Ihil ihcy could noi at UK ptimn. ind fey Ihcrefe
n, u cHure (ZJ ponnl-vhkh Ibey did_ DM u

of rmjhly 40 mite): uM In UK otjeeim-llraboM

Mh^

il pouibilfly. Herttlc (199

gciuni. om-quBKr recti) Ihe mcmocy tnhmcmai u

u one m inpnvt ihcir lilf-ottim, urf Dne-quiner n

kd.J.-W'XI.1-1...

multiple do mi ihc camion of dHKUInlily iifler ill. Mtrikte

cb u imokin|. wtf-ronfipoiiin 10 .ublimiul lug-

'rhipi i mvdini one welL

n w ipuiral nveluioi repnxnu UK linn-honored *iy B

.td miKly. Khisil during i ihtnpeul

lifer thinjcs bnjuitt iluii by Of penon'i

t, mi ftt pojiiivt mciiJ-eiiviiciiimciiul eff

c4tiVStni.iim.iUiy- ErfKu on UK-

,
.
at luiuiKd nmbn. Fiiullj, liokigi bd

f-Khls. From Of Vo,i Bbi

ad trip.; il i> clUmtd ft.

^j^pi^^s^^tois

ion 01 fof JUK lininj lyinmulHly uri UH

"he tajhly publifiKd lew of uxne yofii ho an rente burled foi

ln-iiwi tmenii lenmliK lo eveiydiT ilnilioiu m co

Managing Pain

,, C.D p.jcholojkil >mii Thiichipmeumiici OB Untune

lioned piper by Uuri Dute (19MJ.1

o tly dmh teuc Ihty lick Oil p;ily u like ipprapriKe ici tunl by Ibe e.ptnenct ci pun fram . inly hmnful stimulus Cf

nce at piip (Orate! e, il.. 198W. Co

u Our "opeo ibc

on. d IKU> oq

ul mgdKil DimiKnli I

in mjniB-c .d aiuil fmtlimin,.

'

,a fiaflc tharv the Inifr (Ji

n tombing ml Kliulion prim' OKii fin UKB(n ID

nBmpfjniB: imneipiHuii pu in

I linn no raw , plK*no In nxmcini Hibjeaive ruinu at

' *MWy

(Clttl

*'

Fwdjw'iJT

. fimily wonicd iboul 6* pmeK'i effort! -(ii |0ii!-" Fonlj'i

bisic .pproirt 11 to rev The coottnjntiH. The loulu ue .HJ
puiLiive ia nuMinJ Argnk puin piDenu u rcjiin (iiiKbom Ihu hlw

Hiding and Detecting Deception

H . ptrcMIotial '"'

|ht ihty would be .ittiool UK dlemlm." It 11 lc I

, liking for Ih* foaia, iiUiJ.'

Hicty ind reniroHoMilj. Taae .miUcl ieto lo Ita itlKlin-

10 the Dtp.nlo ,1 ,1. II98J) nvii o( ihe evidenu in dae^iioii. bmb

cm rtma how dKi.m at iuppmcd

KHiunl ibifB, longer icipoiiK limt) i

rio( >PIiRhnui ui unkpoidible, ofln loolinj wly ft

in miy be tnn lyug ""

The tiw.ledet hue for ungtniinding Ox physial indicuon oi dc-

ihc condilioni of linmuoi, meinh ind iJT'nmJ nbHrvilioni on

tip tci -huh dcccpiion is

I>] ind culunUy .petit* bins fp, cipic

9M>. They'll

(ic lanUn .mo, .volim,

* freeze On npuilon ii i itwupiph. fdne Ipectil "mil

l"K^,^M*/Bl'.Tf1S.^.tl

SS'SSsSH'ss'S

_____10_____
A Broader Concept of Deception

en limd a

II, in,. luk.S*. Inmost

like ctB]urin. ftoc

pini fin deteci Mwher lh> other ii ullinj or *3io, btttpiivdy.

develop i piychotoj, of decepnon.

decepnon. usi
using conjuiing Iht pradigm

si. philoHpfeiul vitwpoini

Thej i*n,if,

DinitHndHntSiliaSJ)*
) dcrmc dutplioi u the i

at componenu of dKipiun am

;'&='.,

 i, pi of iiui ndnidwi-s fdk p.yctoto|y.

cnlim (Hopper
XI d
ud feU, 1914) ud
ind linjuuu
linjuuu (t
(CoUnun u>d Ki
SuMequeKly. traOa Unpjiil ciniM <HII I or

E^"^^Tri,^:inxc.'IfS^d^ ssrs.'u!

< u locilnJ ii Ibc bottom rijM-hMd tamer

> Omiff, cmin. till i diituix aid fee i com piny Ji quUe
s"*i7|mJi!!f ,"m^!rins^rai J^t"^^'^^'^''!! iTItSld

*s, iKy nli] diipliy leu Ukifc Ihinif ibcy wen Hllinf i Ik
bout who rnt iKir inn piptr. Wt bivc ilUiBnud Oni prDudutt in

lion wi, iltuDUed by Colcmu inJ Kij (I9SI). TbcK noun

wi^d' ^tiiti^^lli^iclM^i'u^obJmbl^i'himuf

lit luppcnol Ihc praiwpe boxy. Cokram uM Ky -uiltd w ih

Coltmin mil K.i 0B I) conduced i rapitii.IKH o( Ita Umi, by

bill' ' pwoi^cill,"'. Thty h (Cok uid

IU intl.de. uiooomy ol iht

^!"iSu,'5^^^|

The gi>.ni]tiinl qucniin it intriiuinf. Scvcnl iruooti

in: IR midE in Ox inhjopoloilcil. lin^UBC. ml ixbct nl

ige co"'ponds TO wtui n^iritairil; kbtlafJLl, ita!"ii

violin wci.1 iiboa. Evyti~ U niKd wiftin fimil^u

guilly sou wbu ibcr belkve 0*j m .ioljili,, , culranl win. Ki

, deunnininl hii ma of uBbfe bth.vion. Sid. n~toj

o.l. N) hive on been locUILnJ? In Of put- pty*olo(lili uid

,,,i,.l uil ibt nnlu n cop

It lypkil dyidic liOHim ii one in vhich fee no individi

nincu l. = wlKn he or she mm, ihu !ht iwto X o^uj^s hi,

pled ai -hieh pull me btinj rtjtmd b) the vicun. Om source

i Uiil tunpt illum-ia. tetptim cm ud DHn don inolvc

broken, if iht .[cncy iflimuely iKUa Om u iofomu.1 .u

by Epilnii (IM)), Hukl (19M>, Wuita

PART

IV

Performing

Ki jun prior ID or durini icluil ft

10 group ptrforminM, Clapm

prpving mboplimil group

___11___
Optimizing Individual Performancf

Fd. or Khiioid .Ihlclti do n pcifcnn .! -til il

c model ii i bcneen-iubJKU
a! (fcjinbk pljchotoiiial Hue

MMPI clinicil icilri ud ID diign^r pmtjemi dl'm| wife pyOBlopai rijiulnwii. Thin. MOII.II picdicud Out uhleici duplnini yd-

hi^ "n empincil iwd.o KUin[ ibt unic

nphr). Ihc pulHvc mood p i c h u ' t i K W ki-n > O* ~lccbcr|

Ihc POMS pnlile ibHU i Fin" '- Since >LJM l^fUKil ipp-"

'd v .K

Yt-(McNitt ml.. 197111981:1

colleniinlhlitc. (Boylt. 19

cepoiud b) MfKjui (I9SJ). ( (MB) H !uch mdlei Dul compimj Ihc

x^^^ra'r'^r>^^&!

levels. They m referred ID (ouEKltaj piyc6olO(j ! outpi

SS3S?

i:;

!:;

Aliiaojli no atjeat In Dtti midy pniaicd ncpti-t .

cliniul ilprffeZia (i.,,. one miid>M dn^U^f UK po|

Ulileui' rZoiBjKB^nny (Willa^Ld KntaMhl. in pel

r diyi or mmhi en ilOKI t

^pbdl not Sunlsy, [

instr. 1972; Wtlnboj. 19!?) M-t coiKluifed'dijI moul pnc'lin U

STISK ;13IISS ^f^LT; E:

(M ippiuch or cited aafmaaaa of ibe 100 pmM (*ylicil po

i foalal. eiafl fix dK

:m with lU Kin indLt

lo pfejwal practice

TWre liu bcra I pniciiy of molor ptrfomun

ral poup, ho it dart IhU s^ttenxaanana

ii itutei

^TbLe*bdL]fe^ri^

19) Ruined Ihf^ipltic"pti.lioii of Koran

"l

M tat Fremou."l9!};

irffimytr. 19!3>.

^''^Jr^'m'lli^^^

iccogniud. Ln ipiiti. imple H will u complex leduiiquci Uui pro-

aiL, 1MJ. HI!). AlUra.jh'iBm to

.jits of uldchnf pcrKcmuKi in irofi ihi

inert ptrfmnen, I

^ic3if'iNl*^chc* "State!

s cl.lj B ud .pen. perfuoun b, buildiag

fecii of piepofermliK* Tomma u>d ilwroplijikikiiicil a,

prcscni ctrainu,! ,o be moos ind tmpaiii.e. UK Mjh energy nlk

b,tt to Die baseline railages u uhlem nit buk ind (orti until

111 .in Ihii pUu- Foltuwiii, ibii Hide

lure (mch u jumpms up wd down o

h|. Duhni mil iuge, mp letinii pl

i. prcihtn miioc ihim when aartaf 0> l tLobmcyei nd

wn. lull Orit

1J). CBdiK texltntim In irpinlly bn found In > inowi it-

Ite hypbi. tnun 0* inuke ud njoti^

HtmliplHTic Aiiaaaaa 1, Oa firate

EEGi dunng dK piepinmiy pcriud wilhin 7.1 Kcoodi prior M

irijjcr pull by eliu rife ilnocen. They foiad DUi left tonponl (T3;
IIK! kfi occipiul (01) EEC ^pti. Ktiviiy {8-12 Hi) ilgnlflcwly it

ind jolftn. ttc

e iDd rmflipl,

one (Winjaid Linden, . .

iM^7riM r-' '-""

ere diffeitoeei (UMen H !.. I

L.I). j^Ji^e *PI (Norti a a.. 19901. AluL^i

imapry. (mup annpy. cojnlb.e reBnKiurini, ic_ii i> loan Ihn
t

ibc piyclmwciU uieu nipDDU wx [owe

plkni of this hlxnigiy paridijB Is ihu ie*uoj fb

K 10 IUT;I fiiKi phyiMoiinl recovery nulls in l

itrm. cKranic leveli of M|b men (e.,., IS niffic counlkn) deri

ipbm ibilnia" "rijhi' boniphirc iMIiiici' Be lially

<x only is ii interaillj iniuppxubfc duncuhie ipfra

toj pasaalii, lot by ibc oats ibcit Udi.iduili ituUcd dm

is nd put porforauKt ittiBufc. (Pirondo, []); il UK in

t, a ii ilw Ilktly ibu dun nlB u>J am at lunuNi daO

phic mtlbodi lo Ounaenie Ox Muiiunl ion nriouily bcwa
fkrw im (Cilkueumihilyl. L990). Ihc pok eiperioice nut (Muki

in euly oit;r hi Ibe HiU, Mulow u*

ViteMte

Wft 1 OK * of -hiita- copw, nnuglei

tan enfflM-fDciotd DI Kgieuive copinj

ud non-Wejino umniriei. md it hn toon |DCH| nlidilr in) nli

ii> (L.rsan ud Ciiktienlinihilyl. 1983; Mmimini a .!., I

iheric tlFliiiciivii)MI iiiociiied -ilh wt siioii EJKOopStioLiil-

ddgicd aid psychologic!! K,

Enhancing Team Performance

Jitanuy. f-voml bj HKiU pwjtnllfiiu. P

sisr""~

,f I p~p. Ibey

Unu IR pcrbmed mn juffl

taw of io w prfup. i

m of puplc inwih

limple obnrviiwn ihu lame lull tin only be performed by (nnpi

4, 1911: Kihnemu, ind Tvsnky, 1981C HICK icci-

unuiivcs io become iaenaunjlj coopcnlive dunn^i UK count

**on IDruckm ^., 1972). CmniKK.' PIIKIKC c H.U.

. Tte'pratabilily ofigroop

out until) Mjinccrinj jraap tfficleacy In

E [ypiolly npbizel pnccdunl rartamsim Ihii tutb pioraa

uuim md cmcicm uncnnini of effon md cahm pcnmil pn

eslrcmt (paip poluimion) la Ihc dii

ocainiinifet..

(1*84:75) conclu

i!i"iiuMiiiir. either AuKiionini

indepeSnily in <

" *""l (fa " *" WoFpI iii|.. AJ^

M% M I-UK- 0 ibt Kuten ut i luperiu (nup

iffcicn Hlmwu n. WMC engineering qu

maim.1 Oat h j.sp-bf-mp raid (or iioluin, OK iinderiyin( (uilu

^Sbltm^is ri9iKU. Ed uS",'^ 'IK;ifcd fy ihi iiniilii.

choice of diigranc >l|oriiln d<p^ en iifonnaiim ft ibc Dtm-

Vhcn i group h^i inmt dmnjtm opinion or .Mttp*. to

iMij in million, ho. in Hit diverfem viiwpoinu ind miiKn-

bj Ri ninin, dtpod > .pe

amblywujaisnedlotliminue. Few. it in,, at

'^^uaai^MBe^tc^t'*ama^

ilw jrcup ikn ml manWc One in Ihc ccxipiu.

olher liluiliaii, lui lonj b TKOgntoJ (KC. e.j-. MUnntj ind Dnick-

..
ere jh<t tUr uc IT u Ip

: pmMtnii nlml br lln tnlnint uid FBfDiminxi of nil tnni(H. in

:it inform! naurch nraccduiti ihn mi|U te of help? Quite ofoa.

i^liJg pnorWidi ilrail vim uoiti m pnop mining. Licking

Committee Activities

Birtrr of UK Aiiy Wu Colltp. Tbc luKommiim il deujnel i

.1w<liKn ^Miey. Sine Univmnj o( N Ywk. Suoy Bra*.

iiMlmln.l Silt-Help Eric EiA md Kij Hymin conuiutnl Ihii
Mlullga OcnIJ C D.vi uid Fruicn I. PiiDmlD conuiojled

,'otaaa Suoliy H
ollhe Seotury of

Jiographical Sketches

mi

rf^iiS 'a^toMM^'^y^fS^^'im

of ihc KatfrcH Qiuntrlr jo, Erereiji md Sfan ml Mmui Pir^.

* mm UK UnivcnHy or [Ilinoli la piydwlogy uid

I Sacal Pirctology u>d tlv

US.OIjmpicCommillet. Ht*ui
*al a/ Spa,! md Canal Pistol.

fltj in rr/CWtvy dm Y^ Uai.enily. He li (usi pmidnil of UK

A*ny urM^innnit Ml m 19S3 i,ed lh,l oriBuaUon-, .wl
P.ycbokijta.1 At

(nras Kt Rceivcd . B.A, dtjra in uciil iwhmpdogj fan,

Ttin| icbolu u ibc Uninmiy of New Yoit u SBoy Brook,

d itae iiowntCraby Wi