ASISTENSI 1

METODE RISET BISNIS

INTRODUCTION TO
RESEARCH
ASISTEN: MELIA R. ASTRINI
Date

As a managers in company, you will have to make

several decisions each day at work.

WHAT IS RESEARCH?
process of finding solutions to a problem after a
thorough study and analysis of the situational factors.

Why We Should Know

about Research?

Will it benefit me as a
Manager later?

BUSINESS RESEARCH
Identify
problems that
need to be
studied

Gather
information

Analyze
the Data

Identify factors
that are
associated with
the problems and
solve it

Organize, systematic, data-based, critical, objective, scientific

inquiry or investigation into a specific problem, undertaken with the
purpose of finding answers or solutions to it.

RESEARCH AND THE

MANAGERS
FINANCE
operational of financial institutions, optimum financial behavior,
the behavior of the stock exchange, mergers and acquisitions, etc.
HUMAN RESOURCE
employee attitudes and behaviors, human resource management,
impact of changing demographics on management practices, etc.
MARKETING
product image, advertising, branding, distribution, pricing, aftersales service, etc.

Some Commonly Researched Areas in Business

TYPES OF BUSINESS
RESEARCH: APPLIED AND BASIC

APPLIED
RESEARCH
Research to solve current and
specific problem faced by the
manager in the work setting,
demanding a timely solution.

BASIC/ PURE
RESEARCH
Research done chiefly to enhance
the understanding of certain
problems that commonly occur
in organizational settings, and
seek methods of solving them
(research to generate a body of
knowledge)

Basic or Applied Research?

Basic or Applied Research?

Can we use research to solve this problem?

ASISTENSI 1
METODE RISET BISNIS

CHAPTER 6
RESEARCH DESIGN: AN
OVERVIEW
ASISTEN: MELIA R. ASTRINI
Date

research design constitutes blueprint for the collection,

measurement, and analysis of the data.

Source: Cooper and Schindler, 2014

when designing research we need to ask: given this research

question (or theory), what type of evidence is needed to answer
the question (or test the theory) in a convincing way?

Research design is different from the method by which

data are collected. How the data are collected is
irrelevant to the logic of the design.

Qualitative or
Quantitative Research?

CLASSIFICATION OF DESIGNS
inspect activities of a subject without
attempting to elicit responses from anyone.
researcher questions the subject and
collect their responses by personal or
impersonal means.
researcher attempts to control and/or
manipulate the variables in the study.
researcher has no control over the
variables; they can only report what
has happened.

Source: Cooper and Schindler, 2014

EXPLORATORY STUDIES

Particularly useful when researchers lack a clear idea of the problems.

The area of investigation may be so new that a researcher needs to do an
exploration just to learn something about the dilemma.
Data Collection Using Exploratory (Qualitative) Techniques:
1. Secondary Data Analysis
obtained from organizations own data archives or published documents
outside organizations.

2. Experience Surveys
seeking information from persons experienced in the area of the study.

3. Focus Groups
group of people (typically 6 to 10 participants), led by moderator, who meet
for 90 minutes to 2 hours.

4. Two-Stage Designs
(1) clearly defining research questions, (2) developing research design

DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES

Typically structured with clearly stated hypotheses or

investigative questions. Serve a variety of research objectives:
1. Descriptions of phenomena or characteristics associated
with a subject population (the who, what, when, where,
and how of a topic).
2. Estimates of the proportion of a population that have
these characteristics.
3. Discovery of associations among different variables.

CAUSAL STUDIES

The essential element of causation is:

A produces B or
A forces B to occur

Causal study relationships:

- Symmetrical >> two variables fluctuate together, but we assume that
changes in neither variable are due to changes in the other.
- Reciprocal >> two variables mutually influence each other.
- Asymmetrical >> changes in one variable (IV) are responsible for
changes in another variable (DV).

TUGAS

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