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THE INSTITUTION

OF ENGINEERS SRI LANKA

IESL ENGINEERING COURSE

PART II EXAMINATION -June 2013

209 POWER SYSTEMS I

Time allowed: 03 hours

This paper contains seven questions. Answer any five (5) questions. All questions carry equal
marks.

Q1.
A 400 V, 10 kVA generator G connected to a load via transformers
shown in figure Q1. Both transformers

n. Transformation

Tl, T2 and transmission

line l as

are considered as ideal ones. Load impedance equal to 14+jS

ratio of Tl and T2 are 1:10 and 30:1 respectively.

Series impedance of the line is

2S+jSO o

T1

T2

L
2S+j50

1:10

30:1

14+j50

Figure 01
a)

Determine

b)

Draw the impedance diagram of the system and indicate p.u. values

c)

Calculate:

[S]

p.u. values on common base of 10 kVA and 400 V at generator G

[3]

I. Voltage at load in volts

[6]

II.

Power developed by the generator Gin kW

[4]

III.

Power loss in transmission line in kW

[2]

Q2
a)

Describe the advantages of using of bundle conductors

in Extra High Voltage transmission

lines
b)

State why the "transposition"

[2]
is important

in high voltage transmission lines? Sketch the

conductor arrangement of three-phase transmission line for which transposition

applicable

is not
[3]

r.)

certain 50 Hz single phase transmission line consists of three solid conductors

radius each in one circuit (conductor group X ) and two solid conductors

with 0.22 cm

with radius 0.6 cm

each in return circuit (conductor group V). Conductor arrangement is shown in figure Q2.

o o o
I~

~14""
6m

o o

~I(

~I

~16
9m

6m

Conductor group X

Conductor group Y

Figure Q2
I. Calculate GMD and GMRs

[7]

II.

Determine inductance and capacitance in each circuit

[4]

III.

Calculate

per unit length inductive reactance and capacitive reactance of the complete line
[4]

Q3
a)

What do you understand by

b)

Explain the types of fault that occur in electrical power system

[2]

c)

Why the fault current

[2]

d)

30 MVA, 12.5 KV three-phase, star connected generator operating at no load condition is

II

a fault

calculation

II

in electrical power system

is is important

[2]

in power system analysis?

subjected to a single line to ground fault at an output terminal when the generator.

Positive,

negative and zero sequence reactance ofthe generator 0.22 p.u., 0.35 p.u and 0.1 p.u
respectively. Neutral point is grounded through 0.15 p.u. reactance.
Calculate:
I.
II.

Short circuit current in kA

[6]

Output terminal voltage at each phase

[8]

Q4.
A 132 kV, 50 Hz, 200 km three-phase transmission line has following per-phase parameters:
R= 0.12 O/km
X=j 0.45 O/km
Y = j3.33 ~S/km
a)

Calculate ABCD parameters of the line

[8]

b) If the line delivers 85 MW at 0.85 power factor lagging determine sending end voltage, power
and power factor. Voltage at load equals to 132 kV

[8]

c) If the load is disconnected at the receiving end what would be the voltage at the load end of
the transmission line? Explain your answer?
.
[4]
Q5.
a) Explain briefly the arc interruption methods in ac and dc circuits
b) Explain how grading of insulators improve the string efficiency

[6]
[4]

c) List the main types of insulators that are used in over-head transmission lines

[2]

d) Certain string insulator is made out of 9 similar units. The capacitance between each interlink
and earth is one tenth of the capacitance between the metal interlinks. The flashover voltage
of one unit is 75 kV. Calculate the voltage at which this assembleswill flashover.

[8]

Q6.
a)
Calculate the positive, negative and zero sequence currents if the unbalanced currents
are as follows:, ,
[5]

Ia

= 9LlO

Ib

= 4LI0o

I,

= 3.3L140o

b) Calculate the voltages in three phases if the positive, negative and zero sequence
voltages are

Vao = 26.5L140o

V,

Vb2 = 12L385

Vel

= 38L190o

[5]

c) A star connected impedances (Zy) with neutral is connected to the ground through ZN is
shown in figure Q6. Show that
I. No positive or negative sequence currents flow from neutral to ground.
[4]
II. Impedance to the zero -sequence current is
[6]

z, = z, +3Z

ZN

FigureQ6

Q7
a)

List the types of turbines that are used in hydro power plants. Explain briefly their operating
principle and the suitability

b)

What is the function of cooling tower in thermal power plant and how does it operate

c)

Sketch block-schematic

[4]

diagram of combined cycle power plant and explain briefly the

operating principle
d)

[5]

[5]

Explain the functions of the following components in a nuclear reactor

I. Control rod
II.

Moderator

III.

Reflector

[6]