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Child abuse and neglect mandates that dentists report any suspected cases regardless of proof. Failure to report can result in legal penalties. Types of abuse include physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect. Neglect includes willful failure to ensure adequate oral health or freedom from pain for a child.
Pit and fissure sealants are used to prevent caries in deep grooves and pits. The technique involves cleaning, isolation with a dam or rolls, acid etching, bonding agent, and placing resin-based sealants which have better retention than glass ionomer.
Cleft lip and palate come in four classes based on involvement of the soft palate, hard palate, alveolar process, and premax
Child abuse and neglect mandates that dentists report any suspected cases regardless of proof. Failure to report can result in legal penalties. Types of abuse include physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect. Neglect includes willful failure to ensure adequate oral health or freedom from pain for a child.
Pit and fissure sealants are used to prevent caries in deep grooves and pits. The technique involves cleaning, isolation with a dam or rolls, acid etching, bonding agent, and placing resin-based sealants which have better retention than glass ionomer.
Cleft lip and palate come in four classes based on involvement of the soft palate, hard palate, alveolar process, and premax
Child abuse and neglect mandates that dentists report any suspected cases regardless of proof. Failure to report can result in legal penalties. Types of abuse include physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect. Neglect includes willful failure to ensure adequate oral health or freedom from pain for a child.
Pit and fissure sealants are used to prevent caries in deep grooves and pits. The technique involves cleaning, isolation with a dam or rolls, acid etching, bonding agent, and placing resin-based sealants which have better retention than glass ionomer.
Cleft lip and palate come in four classes based on involvement of the soft palate, hard palate, alveolar process, and premax
-dentists mandated by law to report any suspected child abuse or neglect
-proof of abuse/neglect NOT necessary -failure to report suspected abuse/neglect may result in legal ramifications (fine, jail, civil liability) -types: 1) Physical: intentional abuse -common injuries include bruises, welts, lacerations, burns, and fractures -50% of abuse in craniofacial region, w/ 25% in oral region 2) Emotional: denial of affection, isolation, extreme threats, corruption 3) Sexual: any type of sexual activity, exhibitionism, and pornography 4) Neglect: willful negligence to provide for basic needs of child (food, shelter, clothing, medical care, supervision, protection, guidance) -willful failure of parent to seek and follow through w/ txt necessary to endure a level of oral health for adequate fxn and freedom from pain and infxn Pit and Fissure Sealants 1) Indications a) deep pits/fissures b) caries-free surface or incipient lesion 2) Contraindications a) rampant caries b) interproximal caries c) well-coalesced grooves d) inability to maintain dry field 3) Technique: a) obtain clean pit/fissures -pumice, air polishing device, toothbrush, 3% H2O2, enameloplasty b) isolation (rubber dam, cotton rolls, dry angles, etc w/ high-volume suction c) acid etch (37% phosphoric acid) for 20-30 seconds, rinse 30 seconds, dry w/ air 15 seconds -check for frosty enamel appearance d) bonding agent e) place sealant in all occlusal, buccal, and lingual grooves -avoid excessive sealant and check occlusion 4) Types of sealants a) resin-based sealants are most common and have superior retention compared to glass ionomer sealants Cleft Palate -combined cleft lip and palate more common than cleft palate alone -isolated cleft palate more common in females -4 classes: 1) Class I: only soft palate 2) Class II: soft and hard palates but not alveolar process 3) Class III: soft and hard palate and involves alveolar process on one side of premaxilla 4) Class IV: soft palate and continues through alveolus on both sides of premaxilla Cleft Lip -more common in males -more common on left side than right -4 classes: 1) Class I: unilateral notching of vermilion not extending to lip 2) Class II: unilateral notching that extends into lip but not to floor of nose 3) Class III: unilateral notching that extends into floor of nose 4) Class IV: any bilateral clefting of lip
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