IP Connectivity &

IP Configuration
in LTE/EPC

Introduction

Why learn about IP in LTE/SAE

Most of the older L3 technologies have already been
moved to IP in current GPRS/WCDMA networks.
LTE/SAE is an all-IP architecture. No other L3
transport protocol will be used in most networks in the
near future.
Understanding solutions for IP based connectivity
means improving quality in new EPS implementations.
All transport/resilience/functions provided by the
network are based in IP protocols.

Scope and Objectives

Objectives
Understand how they support
LTE/SAE architecture.

Explain how IP supports LTE/SAE

Understand how the different IP
solutions (IP RAN, Metro Ethernet,
M-PBN) interact.
See the implications of introducing
IPv6 protocol for user plane traffic.

Scope
IP Solutions
IP Key Performance Indicators
IPv6

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Overview

Mobile-PBN solution (EPC)

PBN stands for Packet Backbone
Network.

VPN Services
IGP design

Link layer topology

Connectivity is provided by
Ethernet switches, L3 routers and
DPI firewalls.
Main concerns are QoS
parameters, scalability, traffic
separation and security.

Transport equipment

Resiliency

Scalability

Equipment: carrier
Label Distribution (LDP
or RSVP)
Physical
class grade routers
transmission
(Juniper M and/or
topology
IGP (IS-IS or OSPF)
T-series)

Secutity

MP-BGP

QoS

It is the Ericsson L2 and L3

solution for interconnecting
geographically separated voice
and packet core nodes.

Mobile-Backhaul Solution (LTE)

Solution to connect the radio nodes
in cell sites to the core (IP RAN).
Shared HW
and 10GE

Based on L2VPNs over SDH.

RAN nodes do not need to be

statically bound to a specific core
controller (BSC/RNC).
Allows more efficient usage of
available bandwidth for broadband
technologies such as HSDPA and
LTE.
IP nodes in main sites might be used
for access aggregation and for core
connectivity at the same time

OMS1410

CESoPSN

SIU 09A

Metro Ethernet Solution (wireline)

Similar concept to Mobile-Backhaul, but
this solution is focused in residential
(fixed line) accesses (xDSL, cable, etc).

Designed for traditional ISPs, as a

solution to connect end subscribers to the
core, allowing point-to-point, point-tomultipoint and multipoint-to-multipoint
services.
Aggregation sites are based in the SM
(SmartMetro) product family.
Supports advanced multicast IP Services
(IPTV, multiconference) for end
subscribers.

Converged Network Concept

All-IP paradigm allows operators providing both fixed and mobile
services to unify their network infrastructure SAVES COST

Access
Network

IP
IP/MPLS core
MetroOperator
Solution
Fixed
Edge

Mobile operator

Cell PRAN
site LRAN

HRAN

PRAN MPBN

Mobile Backhaul

Mobile backhaul
Access
Network /
Cell Site / PRAN

IP
Edge

Converged operator
/ PRAN
Metro Solution

MPBN / IP-MPLS core

IP Solutions

Ericsson Solutions
Mobile-PBN
Mobile-Backhaul (IP RAN)
Metro Ethernet
RBS Site
IP RAN

Mobile Backhaul

Router/Switch Site
IP RAN

wave

Core Network

BSC

BTS

RBC Site
Ethernet
switching
IP routing
Security

Copper

M-PBN

Metro
Ethernet

Fiber

RNC

BTS
NodeB
eNodeB

LRAN

HRAN

BSC/RNC Site
Network Synchronization
Ethernet switching
IP routing
Security

Core Network

Mobile-PBN Solution
Initially it was only focused on
providing IP services for data
traffic.

Currently, almost
all 3GPP
interfaces are
considered.

Corporate
Networks
MSC

DNS

Roaming
Networks

FW
FW

Router
Router

Switch

GSM / WCDMA / LTE

Secondary Site
MGW
MGW
MGw

Provides
redundancy,
end-to-end QoS,
security, loadbalancing...

Every new feature is verified in the

lab to detect problems and
therefore save implementation time
for customers.

Switch

Router

Switch

Router

IP/MPLS
Router
Router

Switch

Secondary Site

SGSNMME

GGSNMPG

CPG

Primary Site

Internet

Router
Router

Switch

Secondary Site
GSM / WCDMA / LTE

005-09-001-00
GSM / WCDMA / LTE

GSM / WCDMA / LTE

GSM / WCDMA / LTE

M-PBN: Multisite Architecture

Primary and secondary sites.
Primary sites might have any core node.
Secondary sites are focused in voice switching.
For LTE/SAE, eNodeBs might be in both, as well as in radio sites

Connectivity to cell sites is out of scope.

m

All primary/secondary sites have

a pair of routers

Secondary 1

Secondary 2

m
n

Secondary 3

Transport between sites is based

on MPLS.

Primary 1

Primary 2

N
N

Traffic should always follow the

shortest path to destination.

Secondary 4

Primary 3

Primary 4

n
n

Firewalls only in primary sites

m
Secondary 5

m
Secondary 6

Functional Modules
Operational solutions
Charging
Operation and Maintenance

Packet switching
Legacy GSN connectivity
LTE/SAE core nodes
IP RAN interfaces

IMS
Connectivity to IMS applications
from UEs
Access from EPS to IMS nodes

End-to-end designs
Quality of service
Security

Backbone and site infrastructure

MP-BGP/MPLS between sites
Virtual private networks (VPNs)
for traffic separation between
domains

Circuit Switching
Sigtran
MSS

Possible site physical topologies

Router+Switch option:

IRB option:

Client Nodes

Client Nodes

Client Node

Client Node

Site Infrastructure
VLAN

VLAN

SW1

SW2

Site Infrastructure

Link aggregation

VLAN

VLAN

Tagged VLAN

Link aggregation

SR1

SR2

Mobile-PBN backbone

Optional tagged
VLAN (if needed for
capacity)

Tagged VLAN
SR1

SR2

Mobile-PBN backbone

Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

High Level Design in R7.0
Integrated with the solution in
release 2009B.
Reuse of existing VPNs
O&M
Media
Signaling
PRAN (towards MBH/ME)

Same principles as in previous

releases.
Currently S1, S5/S8, S6a, S10
and S11 interfaces are supported.

Ericsson Solutions
Mobile-PBN
Mobile-Backhaul (IP RAN)
Metro Ethernet
RBS Site
IP RAN

Mobile Backhaul

Router/Switch Site
IP RAN

wave

Core Network

BSC

BTS

RBC Site
Ethernet
switching
IP routing
Security

Copper

M-PBN

Metro
Ethernet

Fiber

RNC

BTS
NodeB
eNodeB

LRAN

HRAN

BSC/RNC Site
Network Synchronization
Ethernet switching
IP routing
Security

Core Network

Framework
Cell Site

Transport
Aggregation
Level 1
Site

M-PBN
Aggregation
Site

M-PBN
Switching/
IP RAN Site

M-PBN
Secondary/
IP RAN Site

RBS
BSC

Site
Design

M-PBN Primary/
IP RAN Site

BSC

2G
SGSN

RNC

2G
GGSN

M-PBN Sites
in other
region

BSC

RNC
NB

RNC
Serv.
GW

PDN
GW

Serv.
GW

MME

PDN
GW

eNB
SEG

Transport
Network

IP RAN

Mobile-Backhaul Solution

Mobile-Backhaul

SEG

SEG

Mobile-PBN IP/MPLS Backbone

Mobile-PBN

Terminology
The MBH (Mobile Backhaul) is the RAN transport network
that connects Cell sites to the sites in the core network.
Ericsson defines the mobile backhaul architecture in terms
of two distinct parts LRAN and HRAN.
HRAN (High Radio Access Network) is the Ericsson term for the high
capacity part of the mobile backhaul that aggregates and transports
traffic from several LRAN aggregation nodes and Cell sites to the sites
in the core network.

LRAN (Low Radio Access Network) is the Ericsson term for the low
capacity part of the mobile backhaul that handles Cell site access.

LRAN
Handles Cell sites access
PWG

SIU

Normally, cells have a single

step to the aggregation site.

Cell Site
GSM

Some of the LRAN sites must

interface with the HRAN ring.
Link redundancy provides
recovery under failures.

Ethernet Transport

SEGw

Pico
STN

ET-MFX

LRAN Nodes might also be part

of a primary/secondary MPBN
site

LRAN

Aggregation Site
MINI-LINK TN

Cell Site
WCDMA

Router
SR
SEGw
EDA

Cell Site
LTE

DUL

PWG

SIU
Cell Site
GSM

SEGw

Pico
STN

ET-MFX
Cell Site
WCDMA
SEGw

Cell Site
LTE

DUL

HRAN
Second level of aggregation.
Connectivity can be provided by a Metro Ethernet solution in place.
LRAN aggregation sites are connected to RAN and O&M RAN VPNs in the
core.
Switching Site

RNC

BSC
O&M

O&M
Iub

Abis

SR

LRAN
Cell Site
GSM

RAN

Primary/Secondary Site

OM_RAN

Ethernet
L2 Transport
Abis VLANs
O&M VLANs

Aggregation Site

RNC

BSC
O&M

O&M

SR

Iub

SAE-GW
S1_U

MME
S1_MME

Abis

RAN VPN
Cell Site
WCDMA

SR

RAN

Iub VLANs
O&M VLANs

OM_RAN VPN
RAN

OM_RAN
Cell Site
LTE

LTE VLANs
O&M VLANs

HRAN
IP VPNs

OM_RAN

Long Term Evolution (LTE)

LTE introduces a flat, packetonly RAN architecture
No BSC/RNC
Only Packet Switched traffic
Only Packet based
backhaul, no dedicated
circuits

2G/3G RAN control nodes

typically on core sites
EPS sites may move closer
to the base stations than
current SGSNs/GGSNs

Support for X2 (eNodeB to

eNodeB) S1-U (eNodeB to
SGW) and S1-MME (eNodeB
to MME) interfaces.

GGSN
MPBN
SGSN

(not user plane

functions)

PGW
SGW

MME

RNC

MBH

Node B

eNodeB

Ericsson Solutions
Mobile-PBN
Mobile-Backhaul (IP RAN)
Metro Ethernet
RBS Site
IP RAN

Mobile Backhaul

Router/Switch Site
IP RAN

wave

Core Network

BSC

BTS

RBC Site
Ethernet
switching
IP routing
Security

Copper

M-PBN

Metro
Ethernet

Fiber

RNC

BTS
NodeB
eNodeB

LRAN

HRAN

BSC/RNC Site
Network Synchronization
Ethernet switching
IP routing
Security

Core Network

Basic Transport Building Blocks

Service class

Service
VPLS

Basic transport
building block
E-LAN

L2 VPN
VoIP
Internet and Security
Business Services

L3 VPN

Mobile broadband

Transport

Wholesale Services

Transport

Mobile backhaul

Transport

E-LINE

Internet & P2P

VoIP
Video on demand

Residential Services

IPTV

IP Routing/PIM

E-LAN Service
OMS1410
VB

VB

SE1200
SM480

SM480

OMS1410
VB

VPLS
VB

SM480

SE1200

OMS1410

SM480

Transport

Access
S-VLAN

VLAN

IP Edge
VPLS

E-LAN service

PB / E-LAN

VPLS, HVPLS

Service
redundancy

RSTP

VPLS MAC flush

S-VLAN

E-line Service for p2p Connectivity

OMS1410

SE1200
SM480
SM480

OMS1410

SE1200

SM480
OMS1410

Transport

Access
C-VLAN

E-Line Service
Service redundancy

SM480

S-VLAN

IP Edge
VPWS

PB / E-LINE

Pseudo wire (VPWS)

MAC relearning

VLL redundancy (Metro 2009B)

S-VLAN

IP Key Performance
Indicators

KPIs

KPIs

IPv6

Why IPv6 in Mobile Broadband?

IPv4 addresses are about to collapse.
Everyday more and more devices are connected to
the Internet. With mobile broadband this is even
more critical.
With terminals like iPhone, UEs are always-on,
blocking IP addresses to other subscribers.
Some technologies, such as IMS, are already
discouraging usage of NAT systems due to the high
signaling requirements.
The European Union has established certain legal
requirements for operators, making them
responsible for accountability of their subscribers
actions on the Internet.

IPv6 Support
UE is assigned with an IP address by the
PDN-GW/GGSN
Up to the PDN-GW the traffic is tunneled
between core nodes End subscribers
IP is not used for routing until packet
traverses the PDN-GW.
There is no difference from a connectivity
perspective within the packet core if an
IPv4 or an IPv6 address is assigned.
Core nodes will still tunnel subscribers
traffic using IPv4 addresses GRX will
still be an IPv4 network for a long time.

IPv6 Impact
All core nodes in the data flow must be aware of the IPv6 usage in
order to establish the required variables in the PDP/session
activation.
RNC/SGSN/GGSN in GSM/WCDMA networks.
eNodeB/SGW/PDN-GW in LTE/SAE networks.

After PDN GW (or GGSN), pure IPv6 routing occurs towards the ISP:
IPv6 must be supported in site routers and firewalls (including dynamic
routing protocols supporting IPv6, such as OSPFv3)
IPv6 must be supported by in-line charging systems (SASN)
Backbone VPNs must allow IPv6 address-family for remote connectivity
ISP must be IPv6 aware.

Additional services (Charging, legal audit, etc) might also require IPv6
awareness.

Summary

Summary
Ericsson Solutions
Mobile PBN,
Mobile backhaul (IP RAN)
Metro Ethernet
M-PBN uses primary and secondary sites
Router & switch or IRB topology
MBH, HRAN and LRAN

KPI parameters
sets constraints to guarantee quality of service
Applies to signaling, bearer, packet switched
conversional, steaming and interaction &
background

IPv6
Infinite number of addresses
Legal requirements, accountability
Always-on user devices block IP addresses

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More Information
Mobile-PBN 2009B solution
http://cpi2.al.sw.ericsson.se/alexserv?id=9514

IP RAN T10A solution

http://cpi2.al.sw.ericsson.se/alexserv?id=23423

Metro Ethernet 2009B solution

http://cpi2.al.sw.ericsson.se/alexserv?id=3650

SmartEdge OS documentation
http://cpi2.al.sw.ericsson.se/alexserv?id=10399

JunOS documentation
http://www.juniper.net/techpubs/software/junos/index.html

ExtremeXOS documentation.
http://extremenetworks.com/services/software-userguide.aspx