WORK, ENERGY & POWER

IIT-JEE Syllabus
1.

Kinetic and potential energy

2. Work and power

Total No. of questions in Work, Power & Energy are:

Solved examples......20
Exercise # 1 ..25
Exercise # 2 ..37
Exercise # 3 ..28
Exercise # 4 ..07
Exercise # 5 ..06
Total No. of questions..123

*** Students are advised to solve the questions of exercises in the same sequence or as
directed by the faculty members.

Index : Preparing your own list of Important/Difficult Questions

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WORK, POWER & ENERGY

36

Instruction to fill
(A) Write down the Question Number you are unable to solve in column A below, by Pen.
(B) After discussing the Questions written in column A with faculties, strike off them in the
manner so that you can see at the time of Revision also, to solve these questions again.
(C) Write down the Question Number you feel are important or good in the column B.

EXERCIS
E NO.

COLUMN :A

COLUMN :B

Questions i am unable
to solve in first attempt

Good/Important questions

Advantages
1. It is advised to the students that they should prepare a question bank for the revision as it is
very difficult to solve all the questions at the time of revision.
2. Using above index you can prepare and maintain the questions for your revision.

KEY CONCEPT
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WORK, POWER & ENERGY

37


(a) Work done by a constant force ( F ) during

displacement ( S ) of point of application of

force is

velocity v w.r.t S. A block m is acted upon by

a constant force F. The block is initially at rest
in S - frame.
In - S- frame
Work done by F in time t
W = F.S

1 F 2
F2 t 2
t =
= F 0.t
2 m
2m

W=

F.S ;

W = Fx(x2 x1) + Fy(y2 y1) + Fz(z2 z1)

Where F = Fx i Fy j Fz k

r1 = x1i y1j z1k

r2 = x 2 i y 2 j z 2 k

S = r2 r1
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE WORK :
(b) The work is said to be positive if the angle
between force and displacement is acute
(< 90 ) because
W=

F .S

= F S cosand cos = (+)ve

In S - frame
Work done by F in time t

1 F 2
t
W = FS = F vt
2 m

Clearly W W
(e) LINE INTEGRAL OF FORCE

Work done by a variable force F to move

from r1 to r2

r2

when < 90.

W=

F. dr

r1

d r small displacement

The positive work means that the external

force supplies energy to the system or body.
(c) The work is said to be negative if the angle
between force and displacement is obtuse
( > 90) because cos= ()ve when > 90.

When the force changes in three dimensions

then we can consider it to be of the form

F = Fx
i + Fy j + Fz k
For calculating the work done from A to B
while going through the path AB, we
calculate it for an infinitesimal displacement

d r i.e.
B

W=

F.dr

The negative work means that the force is

extracting energy from the system.
(d) WORK IS RELATIVE :
Work done by a force depends on the frame
of reference. Suppose S & S are two frames
of reference and S is moving with a constant
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Where

d r = dx
i + dy

j +

dz k

WORK, POWER & ENERGY

38

W=

(Fxdx + Fydy + Fzdz)

Now using path equation, eliminate y and z

from Fx, x and z from Fy, x and y from Fz and
integrate the above function
xB

W =

yB

Fxdx +

xA

Fydy +

yA

Fzdz

zA

(g) WORK DONE BY SPRING FORCE

= (KEf KEi) + (PEf PEi)

(a) Conservative Force

(i) If the work done by a force in moving a
body from an initial location to a final
location is independent of the path taken,
then the force is conservative.
W1 = W2 = W3

1
2
2
k ( x initial
x final
)
2

(Elongation/compression) xinitial & xfinal are

measured from natural length of spring.

(a) K =

(iv) Wby force other than conservative

zB

(f) Area under force vs displacement graph gives

the work done. (Area is considered with proper
sign).

Wspring =

= (KEf KEi)+Wagainst conservative force

(ii) If the total work done by a force is zero,

when a body is moved in a closed path,
then the force is conservative.

1
mv2
2

m mass of the body

WACBDA = WACB + WBDA = 0

v speed of the body

(b) WORK ENERGY THEOREM:
(i) The sum of the work done by all the
forces [external as well as internal] acting
on a particle (or a system of particles) is
equal to the change in its kinetic energy.
Work done by all the forces
W = (K.E.)final (K.E.)initial
(ii) While applying work energy theorem, we
must take into account not only the
external but also the internal forces to
calculate the total work done.
(iii) Wcosnservative force + Wnon
= K.Ef K.Ei

conservative force

(iii) For conservative force

F = 0

0
z

Fx

Fy

Fz

where = i x j y k z

F Fx i Fy j Fz k

(b) Non-Conservative force

(i) The work done by a force in a closed path
is non-zero.

Wby forces other than conservative force

= (KEf KEi) Wby conservative force
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WORK, POWER & ENERGY

39

Force is directed along ()ve x - axis

At D,

dU
d2U
= 0 and
<0
dx
dx 2

Force = 0 , position
D = Unstable equilibrium position

WABCDA 0
(ii) Work done by force is path dependent.

At E,

(c) Potential Energy Curve

if we slightly displace the particle

from position E, it experiences no
force. Thus position E = neutral
equilibrium position.

(i) Conservative force is defined as the

negative gradient of the potential energy

(ii) FC = U = grad U

= i x j y k z

= del

operator
U = scalar potential energy function
(iii) In one dimension, the component of
conservative force along a specified
direction (say x -axis ) is equal to the
negative derivative of the potential
energy w.r.t. distance along the x axis.
i.e. Fc x =

dU
= 0 and
dx

U
x

(iv) If we plot U(x) versus x curve for one

dimensional motion then the negative of
the slope is equal to the conservative
force.

(a) The change in the potential energy of a

system corresponding to a conservative
internal force is defined as
f

Uf Ui = Wc =

Fc . d r

where Wc = Work done by the internal

conservative force on the system.
(b) Gravitational potential energy (Near the
earths surface)

UB UA = WAB = mgh

Fx =
At A,

U
x

dU
= ()ve Fx = (+)ve
dx

Force is directed along + (ve) x-axis

At B,

dU
d2U
= 0 and
>0
dx
dx 2

Force = 0, position B = stable

equilibrium position

dU
At C,
= (+)ve , Fx = ()ve
dx
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U=

1 2
kx
2

x elongation/compression in spring
k spring constant

(a) Mechanical energy = kinetic energy

+ potential energy
E=K+U
(b) The total mechanical energy of a system
remains constant if
WORK, POWER & ENERGY

40

(i) The internal forces are conservative .

(ii) and the external forces do no work.
This is called the principle of conservation of
mechanical energy.
Note : We can apply the principle of
conservation of mechanical energy even in
the presence of external forces. But in that
case, external forces must not work on the
system.

(i) The time rate of doing work is called the

power delivered by the force.
(ii) Instantaneous power

d
dW
r
F
.
P=
=
=
dt
dt
Where

F. v

F = applied force

v = instantaneous velocity
(iii) Average power

(c) MATHEMATICAL FORM

Pavg=

Uf + Kf = Ui + Ki = E = constant
(d) Modified form of the work- energy theorem.
According to the work-energy theorem,
Wc + Wnc + W ext = Kf Ki
But

.....1

work done by force during given time interval

given time int erval

(iv) Area under Power versus time graph gives the

work done

Wc = ( Uf Ui )

Wnc + Wext = (Kf + Uf) (Ki+ Ui)

Wnc + W ext = Ef Ei = E .....2
(i) We generally come across with
complicated integration technique while
calculating the work done by the
conservative force. To avoid this
complexity, we use this modified form.
(ii) While applying this modified form , we
must not include the work done by those
conservative forces whose corresponding
potential energy terms are to be included.
(e) If the internal forces are only conservative but
the external forces can do work , then
Wext = Ef Ei

[ Wnc = 0]

i.e. the work done by the external forces

equals the change in the mechanical energy.

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WORK, POWER & ENERGY

41

SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex. 1

A person pulls a 6 kg block by a distance of

s = 12 m along a horizontal surface at a
constant speed. If the coefficient of kinetic
friction is = 0.2 and the cord pulling the
block is at an angle of 45 with the horizontal,
then calculate the work done by the person.
(take g = 10 m/s2)

Sol.

From simple geometry

=

4
2

dW

W=

W =

F. ds

Fds

cos

4 2

Sol.

/ 2

sin
4 2

Work done W = Fs cos

Ex. 2

Ex.3
2

RF

/ 2
0

2RF sin
sin

9

0.2 6 10
= 1
= 10 2 newton
(1 0.2)
2

= (10 2 ) 12

R d

mg
cos sin

[ ds = R d]

Since there is no upward motion

N + F sin = mg
.....(1)
Since the motion along the displacement
direction is without any acceleration
F cos = N
.....(2)
from eq. (1) & (2)
F=

4
2

F cos

= 120 J

Figure shows a smooth circular path of radius

R in the vertical plane which subtends an
angle of /2 at O. A block of mass m is taken
from position A to B under the action of a
constant force F which is always directed
towards the point B, then determine the work
done by this force.

Sol.

4RF
2

= 2 2 RF

A chain of mass m and length rests on a

roughsurfaced table so that one of its ends
hangs over the edge. The chain starts sliding
off the table all by itself provided the over
hanging part equals of the chain length.
What will be the total work performed by the
friction forces acting on the chain by the
moment it slides completely off the table?
Initially for the chain
g = (1 ) g
=

...(1)

Let at an arbitrary moment of time, the length

of the chain on the table is x.

(mg F) 20 =

1
mv2 (from work-energy
2

theorem)

Net friction force Ff = N = xg

or

Infinitesimal work done by friction

dW = Ff

. dr = Ff ds

(50 F) 20 =

1
5 (10)2
2

or
50 F = 12.5
or
F = 50 12.5
dW
=

(xg)(
dx)
=

F = 37.5 N
gx dx
Work
done
by
the force
1

= 37.5 20 = 750 joule

Hence the total work done
(the negative sign. is used because the push of
g
the air is upwards while the displacement is
W = dW =
1
downwards.)
0

xdx

Ex.5

(1 )

W = (1 )
Ex.4

Sol.

m
mg
[=
]

figure. The coefficient of friction between the

block and the plank is , and its value is such
that the block becomes stationary w.r.t the
plank before it reaches the other end.

An object of mass 5kg falls from rest through

a vertical distance of 20 m and reaches a
velocity of 10 m/s. . How much work is done
by the push of the air on the object ?
(A) 350 J
(B) 750 J
(C) 200 J
(D) 300 J
(B) The following two forces are acting on
the body
(i) Weight mg is acting vertically downward
(ii) The push of the air is acting upward.
As the body is accelerating down ward, the
resultant force is (mg F).
Workdone by the resultant force to fall
through a vertical distance of 20m is (mg F)
20 joule.
1
mv2
2
Now the work by the resultant force is equal
to the change in kinetic energy i.e.

A plank of mass M and length L is placed at

rest on a smooth horizontal surface. A small
block of mass m is projected with a velocity
vo from the left end of it as shown in the

Gain in the kinetic energy =

Sol.

(i) Find the work done by the friction force

on the block during the period it slides on
the plank. Is the work positive or
negative?
(ii) Calculate the work done on the plank
during the same period. Is the work
positive or negative?
(iii)Also, determine the net work done by
friction. Is it positive or negative ?
From Free Body Diagrams :-

For Block a1 =

Ff
=g
m

W2 =

velocity at time t
v1 = v0 gt
For Plank a2 =

Ff
mg
=
M
M

velocity at time t, v2 =

mv 0
1
M

M
m
2

1
2

m 2 Mv 02

m M 2

mg t
M

negative
In the position 1 (figure) the spring of
constant K is undeformed. Find the work

done by the force

(which is always

directed along the tangent to the smooth hemi

spherical surface) on the small block of mass
m to shift it from the position 1 to position 2
slowly.

Finally both moves with common velocity i.e.

v1 = v2

t=

= positive

(iii) Net work done by the friction is : mM

1
W = W1 + W2 =
v02 =
2 m M

Ex.6

v0 gt =

mg t
M

Mv 0
( M m)g

common velocity v =

mv 0
Mm

Sol.

Let us locate the block at an arbitrary angular

position <
dW =
F . dr = Fds = F (Rd) ...(1)
Now from the condition of equilibrium of the
block , we have
F = mg cos + KR
...(2)
from eq. (1) & (2)
dW = mg R cos d + KR2 d
Hence the sought work

(i) Work done by the friction on the block =

Change in the kinetic energy of the block
W1 = Kf Ki =

1
1
m v2
m v02
2
2

mv
1
0
W1=
m

2
M m

1
2

mM

W =

v 02

m M 2

(M + 2m ) v02

= negative
(ii) Work done by the friction on the plank =
Change in the kinetic energy of the plank
W2 =

1
Mv2 0
2

dW

cos d KR 2

W = mg R sin +
Ex.7

KR 2 0 2
2

A pendulum of mass m and length is

suspended from the ceiling of a trolley which
has a constant acceleration a in the horizontal
direction as shown in the figure . Find the

maximum deflection of the pendulum from

the vertical.

(a) Show that the maximum height reached

by the stone is :

v 02
F

2g 1
W

h=

(b) Show that the speed of the stone upon

impact with the ground is
Sol.

Free Body Diagram w.r.t trolley

WF

W
F

v = v0
Sol.

(a) From work energy theorem,

For upward motion, work done by
(gravity+airdrag)=change in the
energy

Initial velocity of the mass m = 0

Velocity at maximum deflection = 0
K=0
Applying work- energy theorem, we get
Wg + Wps + WT = K

h=

= ma sin

)
a
1 cos
=
g
sin

Ex.8

a
g

A stone with weight W is thrown vertically

upward in the air with initial speed vo. If a
constant force F due to air drag acts on the
stone through out its flight :

2g 1
W

...(2)

Dividing eq. (2) by (1), we have

v2
WF
WF
v = v0

2 =
WF
v0
WF

mg(1 cos) + ma sin + 0 = 0

=
g
2

W
1 W 2
gh Fh =
v 0
g
2 g

h=

( = maximum deflection angle ) (

T

= 2 tan1

...(1)

v 02

WT = work done by tension = 0

Hence

2g 1
W

(b) For downward motion

Wps= work done by pseudo force

tan

W
1 W
gh Fh = 0
g
2 g

v 02

= mg (1 cos )

kinetic

v02

Wg = work done by gravity

ds

1/ 2

Ex.9

1/ 2

The potential energy (in Joule) of a particle

of mass 1 kg. moving in the XY plane obeys
the law = 3x + 4y, where (x, y) are the coordinates of the particle in metre. If the
particle is at rest at (6,4) at time t = 0, then
find out.
(i) Its acceleration
(ii) The work done by the external force in
moving the particle from the position of
rest of the particle, to the instant of the
particle crossing the X - axis

Sol.

(iii)The speed of the particle when it crosses

the y axis.
(iv) The co-ordinate of the particle at time
t = 4 sec.
(i)= 3x + 4y

F = = i

=
r0 + u t +

1
( 3i 4j )t2
2

= ( 6i 4j ) + 0 +

...(1)
= xi yj
When the particle is crossing x -axis, y = 0
4 2 t12 = 0 hence t1 = 2 sec

Work done W = F . ( r r0 ) = kf ki
W = ( 3i 4j ) . ( 3i 4j ) 2
= 9 + 16 = 25 J
(iii) When the particle is crossing y axis,
x = 0 hence from eq. ....(1)
3 2
6
t = 0 or t2 = 2 sec.
2 2
=

3 2 4 2

ydx

W =

(
r = ( 6i 4 j )
2

44
i 28
j
= 18
Coordinates of the particle = ( 18, 28 )

=a

dW

x2

x1

b y 2 2 y12
2

xdx + b

y2

y1

ydy

b x 2 2 x 12
2

= Independent of the path

Hence F = ax
i + by j is potential.
Alternate :

For conservative field of force F = 0

(i) F = ay
i

F =

F
i j k I (ay )
G
Hx y z JK i

= k

2 = 10

m/s
(iv) Using eq.(1), at t = 4 sec.

3
i 4j )

x1

(ii) W = F . dr = (ax
i + by j ) . (dx
i +
dy j )
= ax dx + by dy

t2
v = a t2 =

x2

F = ay
i is not potential.

Hence

t2 = 0 +

=a

dW

Value of integral depends on the type of the

y(x)function, that is on the shape of the path.

1
a t2
2

W=

position at time t,

(m = 1 kg )
(ii) acceleration is constant,

F = 3i 4j m/s2
Acceleration
a =

Sol.

(i) F = ay
i (ii) F = ax
i + by j
Where a and b are constants .Are these fields
potential (conservative ) ?
Let us calculate the work performed by the
force of each field over the path from a
certain
point 1 (x1,y1) to a certain point 2 (x2 , y2)
(i) dW = F . dr = (ay
i ).(dx
i + dy j ) =
ay dx.

F = (3 i + 4 j ) N

There are two stationary fields of force

Ex.10

0
(ay) = a k

F = ay
i is a non conservative force

(ii) F = ax
i + by j

F =
j

)
=0

F
I
G
Hi x j y k z JK (ax i

+ by

F = ax i + by j

is a conservative

(b) F =

force
Ex.11

b
, where a
2
r
r
and b are positive constants and r is the
distance from the centre of the field. Find
(a) The value of r0 corresponding to the

3a

dr

=
=

6a
r

F r 3a
b

L
d UO
M
M
P
Ndr P
Q=

=0

bI
F
G
H3a JK
3

= 2a

2b 3
27a 2

b3

b3
27 a

Ex.12

A uniform rod of mass M and length L is held

vertically on a horizontal surface as shown in
figure. Assuming zero potential energy at the
base of the rod, determine the potential
energy of the rod.

Sol.

Consider a small element dy at a height y

from the surface; mass of the element = dy

b
2a
2

3
r
r

d
dr

r3

27 a 2
Maximum magnitude of the attraction force

= 0 r0 =

r02

2b

3a
b

2a
b
d2U

9a 2

r2

3
r0

b3

r2

At equilibrium position r = r0 , F = 0
2a

L
O
M
N P
Q

2a

6a

r =

equilibrium position of the particle,

examine whether this position is steady
(stable)
(b) The maximum magnitude of the attraction
force
dU
(a) F =
dr
a b
d

F=
dr r 2 r
F=

dF
=0
dr

The potential energy of a particle in a certain

field has the form U =

Sol.

2a
dU
=
dr
r3

2b
r3

r03

r ro

6a

2b

r0

2a

=
6a

2a .b 2 b

=b

2a

>0

The position is steady (stable ).

1960 N/M. If the mass of block A is 2 kg,

calculate the mass of block B and the energy
stored in the spring .

M
dy
L
Potential energy of the element,
M
dU = (dm) gy =
gy dy
L
dm =

Potential energy of the rod,

Mg L
dU =
U =

0
L

ydy

MgL
2
Ex.13 A uniform chain is held on a frictionless table
with one-fifth of its length hanging over the
edge. If the chain has a length m and a mass
m, how much work is required to pull the
hanging part back on the table?
(A) mg/10
(B) mg/5
(C) mg/50
(D) mg/2
Sol.(C) Mass of the hanging part of the chain = (m/5);
the weight mg/5 acts at the center of the
gravity of the hanging chain, i.e., at a distance
= /10 below the surface of a table .

The gain in the potential energy in pulling the

hanging part on the table.
mg

U
=

=
5
10
mg
50

Work done = U = mg /50

Ex.14

Two blocks A and B are connected to each

other by a string and a spring ; the string
passes over a frictionless pulley as shown in
figure . Block B slides over the horizontal
surface of a stationary block C and the block
A slides along the vertical side of C, both
with the same uniform speed. The coefficient
of friction between the surfaces of the blocks
is 0.2 .The force constant of the spring is

Sol.

Free Body Diagram

Since Block A and B has no acceleration and

spring is massless.
N = m Bg
....(1)
T = N = mB g

....(2)

T=T

....(3)

T = mAg

....(4)

From eq.(2), (3) & (4)

mBg = mAg
mB =

mA

2
0.2

= 10

kg .
Extension in the spring = x (say)
T = kx
T
19.6
x=
=
= 0.01 m
k
1960
Energy stored in the spring
U=

1 2
kx
2

Ex.15

A 2 kg block collides with a horizontal

weightless spring of force constant 2
N/m.The block compresses the spring 4 metre
from the rest position. The speed of the block
at the instant of collision (i) If the surface on
which the block slides is frictionless, (ii) if
the coefficient of kinetic friction between the
block and the horizontal surface is 0.25 .
(A) 4 m/s, 4m/s
(C) 5m /s,7.96 m/s

Sol.

= 19.6 Joule
Now total energy lost by the block
= 16 Joule + 19.6 Joule
= 35.6 Joule
If v1 be the velocity of the spring at the instant

1
1960 (0.01)2 = 0.098 J
2

of collision, we have
1
mv12 = 35.6 Joule
2
1
2 v12 = 35.6
2
v12 = 35.6

(B) 4m/s , 5.96m/s

(D) 5 m/s, 5m/s

(B) The situation is shown in fig.

or
Ex.16

v1 = 5.96 m/sec.

An ideal massless spring can be compressed 2

metre by a force of 200N. This spring is
placed at the bottom of a frictionless inclined
plane which makes an angle = 30 with the

(i) When the spring is compressed, the energy

E stored is given by
1 2 1
kx =
2 42 = 16 Joule
2
2
This amount of energy is imparted to the
block. Let v be the velocity of the block at the
instant of collision. When spring is
compressed, the velocity of block becomes
zero. Hence, the energy lost by the block, is
E=

1
1
mv2
mv02
2
2

1
=
mv2 as v0 = 0.
2

horizontal. A 20 kg mass is released from rest

at the top of the inclined plane and is brought
to rest momentarily after compressing the
spring 4 metre. Through what distance does
the mass slide before coming to rest ?
(A) 4.17 m
(B) 1.00 m
(C) 8.17 m
(D) 2.17 m
Sol.(C) As the spring is compressed by 2 metre with
the application of a force of 200 N. Hence its
force constant k is given by
F
200
=
= 100 N/ m
2
2
Let be the distance along the inclined plane
k=

in which the mass travels before it comes to

rest. Now applying the conservation of
energy.

1
mv2 = 16 Joule
2

1
2 v2 = 16 or v = 4 m/sec.
2
(ii) Work done by the block against friction,
W = Force Distance
or

= R. distance

(F = R)

= (mg) d

( R =mg)

= 0.25 2 9.8 4

1 2
kx = mg h = mg sin
2

1
2
or
Ex.17

Limiting (maximum ) static frictional force

between block and track
Ffmax= s mg = 0.22 0.5 10 = 1.1 N

1
100 42 = 20 9.8
2

or

F < Ff max
= 800/98 = 8.17 m.

A 0.5 kg , block slides from the point A on a

horizontal track with an initial speed 3m/s
towards a weight less horizontal spring of
length 1m and force constant 2 N/m . The part
AB of the track is frictionless and the part BC
has the coefficient of static and kinetic
friction as 0.22 and 0.20 respectively. (see
figure ) If the distance AB and BD are 2m and
2.14m respectively, find the total distance
through which the block moves before it
comes to rest completely. (g = 10 m/s2)

Ex.18

The block will no move back

So, the total distance moved by the block
= 2 + 2.14 + 0.1 = 4.24 m
An automobile of mass m accelerates, starting
from rest, while the engine supplies constant
power P. show that.
(a) The velocity is given as a function of time
2Pt

1/ 2

by v =

(b) The position is given as a function of time

1/ 2

8P

9m

by, s =
Sol.

t3/2

(a) Given that power = Fv = P which is

constant.
mdv
v=P
dt
t P
v
ovdv = o m dt
Pt
v2
=
m
2

Sol.

2Pt

Kinetic energy of the block

1
1
mv2 =
0.5 32 = 2.25 J
2
2
Path AB is frictionless .
In the path BD , work done against friction
= K mgs
=

= 0.2 0.5 10 2.14 = 2.14 J

So at D, kinetic energy
= 2.25 2.14 = 0.11 J
Now if the spring is compressed by x, from
energy conservation.

1/ 2

v=
(b) v =

ds
dt

ds

2P

2P

1/ 2

8P

9m

1/ 2

s=

Ex.19

1
2 x2 + 0.2 0.5 10x
2
x2 + x 0.11 = 0
x = 0.1 m [ x = 1.1 is in admissible]

A particle moving in a straight line is acted by

a force, which works at a constant power and
changes its velocity from u to v in passing
over a distance x. The time taken will be -

vu

2
2
v u

2
2
3 v u
x
2 v 3 u 3
v

u
(C)

(C)

Sol.

t 1 / 2 dt

t 3/ 2

(A) x

Compressed spring exerts a force

F = kx = 2 0.1 = 0.2 N

2 3/ 2
t
3

0.11 =

s=

1 2
0.11 =
kx + Kmgx
2

1/ 2

vu

2
2
v u

(B) x

(D)

The force acting on the particle =

mdv
dt

mdv

Power of the force =

dt

(constant)

m
at

v
2

= kt + c

mu 2
2

v2
mu 2
= kt +
2
2

1
m (v2 u2 ) = kt
2
mdv
Again
v=k
dt
dv
m.v
v=k
dx
v

k dx

Ex.20

Sol.

...(2)

mv 2 dv =

1
Intergrating,
m (v3 u3) = kx ...(3)
3
From eqn (2) and (3),
2
2
3 v u
t=
x
2 v 3 u 3
2
2
Under the force
F = xy i + yx j , a
particle is moving along a parabolic path
given
by
y = x2. Find the work done by this force in
moving the particle from (0, 0) to (a, a2)

2
2
Given
F = xy i + yx j

But
i + dy j
dr = dx

W=
=

F . dr

path

xy

dx yx 2 dy

path

a2

xy

x 0

dx +

xy

y0

W =
=

Now from (1),

m

...(1)

c =

t = 0, v = u

v = k

Eliminating y2 and x consecutively from (i)

and (ii) function, we have

dy

x 5 dx +

a2

a6
a6
a6
+
=
6
3
2

dy