Chemistry102

ANSWERKEY
REVIEWQUESTIONS
Chapter14

1. Amixtureof0.10molofNO,0.050molofH2 and0.10molofH2Oisplacedina
1.0Lflaskandallowedtoreachequilibriumasshownbelow:
N2 (g)+2H2O(g)
2NO(g)+2H2 (g)
Atequilibrium[NO]=0.062M. Calculatetheequilibriumconstant,Kc,forthisreaction.
N2 (g)+2H2O(g)
2NO+2H2 (g)
Initial
D
Equilibrium
K C=

0.10 M
0.038
0.062

0.050 M
0.038
0.012

0
+ 0.019
0.019

0.10 M
+ 0.038
0.138

[N 2 ][H 2O]2 (0.019)(0.138)2

=
=650
[NO]2 [H 2]2 (0.062)2 (0.012)2

2. At700C,Kc =20.4forthereactionshownbelow:
SO3 (g)
(A)
SO2 (g)+O2 (g)
CalculateKc andKP forthereactionshownbelow:
2SO3 (g)
2SO2 (g)+O2 (g)

(B)

KC (B)=[KC (A)]2 =(20.4)2 =416

KP =KC (RT)Dn =(416)[(0.0821)(973K)]1 =5.21
3. At100C,Kc=0.078forthefollowingreaction:
SO2 (g)+Cl2 (g)
SO2Cl2 (g)
Inan equilibriummixture,[SO2Cl2]=0.136Mand[SO2]=0.072M.Whatisthe
concentrationofCl2 intheequilibriummixture?
K C=

[SO 2 ][Cl 2]
=0.078
[SO 2 Cl 2]

[Cl 2]=

0.078[SO 2Cl 2] (0.078)(0.136)

=
=0.15M
[SO 2]
0.072

4.At373K,KP=0.416fortheequilibrium:
2NO(g)+Br2 (g)
2NOBr(g)
IfthepartialpressuresofNOBrandNOareequalatequilibrium,whatisthepartial
pressureofBr2?

2
PNO
PBr2

K p=

2
PNOBr

=0.416sincePNOBr =PNO

PBr2 =0.416atm

5. At250C,thereaction
PCl3 (g)+Cl2 (g)
PCl5 (g)
hasanequilibriumconstantKc=1.80.If0.100molofPCl5 isaddedtoa5.00Lflask,what
aretheconcentrationsofPCl5,PCl3 andCl2 atequilibriumatthistemperature?
[PCl 5]=

0.100mol
=0.0200M
5.00L

PCl3 (g)+Cl2 (g)

PCl5 (g)
Initial
D
Equilibrium

0.0200 M
x
0.0200x

0
+x
x

[PCl 3 ][Cl 2]
x2
K C=
=
=1.80
[PCl 5]
0.0200x
x 2+1.80x0.0360=0
Solvingthequadraticequation,
1.80 (1.80)24(0.0360)
=0.0198
2
[PCl 3 ]=[Cl 2]=0.0198M
x=

[PCl 5]=0.02000.0198=0.0002M

0
+x
x

6. When2.00mol eachofhydrogenandiodinearemixedina1.00Lflask,3.50molof
HIisproducedatequilibrium:
2HI(g)
H2 (g)+I2 (g)
CalculatetheequilibriumconstantKc forthisreaction.
2HI(g)
H2 (g)+I2 (g)
2.00M
2.00M
0
1.75
1.75
+3.50
0.25
0.25
3.50

Initial
D
Equilibrium

[HI]2
(3.50)2
K C=
=
=196
[H 2 ][I 2] (0.25)2
7. Theequilibriumconstantforthereaction
SO3 (g)+NO(g)
SO2 (g)+NO2 (g)
hasanumericalvalueof3.00atagiventemperature.1.50moleachofSO2 andNO2
aremixedina1.00Lflaskandallowedtoreach equilibrium.WhatpercentofSO2 is
convertedtoproduct?
SO3 (g)+NO(g)
SO2 (g)+NO2 (g)
Initial
D
Equilibrium

1.50M
x
1.50x

K C=

1.50M
x
1.50x

[SO 3][NO]
x2
=
=3.00
[SO 2 ][NO 2] (1.50x)2

Takingsquarerootofeachside,
x
=1.73
1.50x
x+1.73x=2.595
x=0.951
%=

0
+x
x

0.951
x100=63.4%
1.50

0
+x
x

8. Thefollowingequilibriumexistsat1000CwithKC =2.00.
CO2 (g)+CF4 (g)
2COF2 (g)
Ifa5.00Lmixturecontains0.145molCOF2 ,0.262molofCO2 and0.074molofCF4 at
1000C,in whichdirectionwillthemixtureproceedtoreach equilibrium?
0.145mol
0.262mol
=0.0290M[CO 2]=
=0.0524M
5.00L
5.00L
0.074mol
[CF4]=
=0.0148M
5.00L
[CO 2 ][CF4] (0.0524)(0.0148)
Q c=
=
=0.922
[COF2]2
(0.0290)2

[COF2 ]=

SinceQ c <K c ,reactionwillproceedintheforwarddirection

9. Formamidedecomposesathightemperaturesaccordingtotheequationshownbelow:
NH3 (g)+CO(g)
HCONH2 (g)

KC =4.84at400K

If0.186molofformamideisplacedina2.16Lflaskandallowedtodecomposeat
400K,whatwillbethetotalpressureatequilibrium?
PHCONH2 =

nRT (0.186)(0.0821)(400K)
=
=2.83atm
V
2.16L

Kp =Kc (RT)Dn =4.84[(0.0821)(400)]1 =159

NH3 (g)+CO(g)
HCONH2 (g)
Initial
2.83atm
0
0
x
+x
+x
D
Equilibrium
2.83 x
x
x
K p=

PNH 3 PCO
PHCONH2

(x)2
=159
(2.83x)

Solvingthequadraticequation,x=2.78
PHCONH2 =2.832.78=0.05atm
PNH 3 =PCO=2.78atm
PTotal=2.78+2.78+0.05=5.61atm

10. PredicthoweachofthefollowingchangesaffecttheamountofH2 presentinan

equilibriummixtureinthereaction
Fe3O4 (s)+4H2 (g)
3Fe(s)+4H2O(g)

H=150kJ

a) Raisingthetemperatureofthemixture.
Sincereactionisexothermic,raisingtemperaturewillshifttheequilibriumto
theleft()andreduceamountofhydrogen.
b) AddingmoreH2O(g).
Addingmorewater,willshifttheequilibriumtotheright()andincreasethe
amountofhydrogen.
c) Doublingthevolumeofthecontainerholdingthemixture.
Increasingthevolumeofthecontainerwillreducethepressurebutthe
equilibriumwillnotbeaffected,andtheamountof hydrogenwillnotchange.
d) Addingacatalyst.
Addingcatalystdoesnotaltertheequilibriumandtheamountofhydrogen
produced.
11. At2000 CtheequilibriumconstantforthereactionbelowisKc=2.4x103.Ifthe
initialconcentrationofNOis0.500M,whataretheequilibriumconcentrationsof
eachsubstance?

N2 (g)+O2 (g)
2NO(g)

Initial
D
Equilibrium

N2 (g)+O2 (g)
2NO(g)
0.500M
0
0
2x
+x
+x
0.500x
x
x

[N 2 ][O 2]
x2
=
=2.4x103
2
2
[NO]
(0.5002x)
Takingsquarerootofeachside,
x
=49[N 2 ]=[O 2]=x =0.25M
0.5002x
x+98x=24.5[NO]=0.5002x=0.5000.494
K C=

x=0.247

[NO]=6.0x103M

12. ThereactionbelowhasanequilibriumconstantKc =6.90.If0.100molofBrClis

placedina500mLflaskandallowedtocometoequilibrium,whatarethe
equilibriumconcentrationsofeachsubstance?

2BrCl(g)
Br2 (g)+Cl2 (g)

[BrCl]=

0.100mol
=0.200M
0.500L

Br2 (g)
Initial
D
Equilibrium

0
+x
x

2BrCl (g)
Cl2 (g)
0
0.200M
+x
2x
x
0.2002x

[BrCl]2
(0.2002x)2
K C=
=
=6.90
[Br2 ][Cl 2]
(x)2
Takingsquarerootofeachside,
0.2002x
=2.63[B 2 ]=[C 2]=x=0.0432M
x
2.63x+2x=0.200[BrCl]=0.2002x =0.2000.0864
x=0.0432

[BrCl]=0.114M