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  • Let A = � 0  1 �0 0 Then,A2 = �λ200λλ000�λA3 = �λ300λ2λ200λ�λContinuing this pattern, we can see that:An = �λn00λn-1λn-1000�λnSo the general form of An is:An = �λn00

    Transféré par

    Saúl L Hdez T
    20 vues5 pages
    This document contains solutions to 6 problems involving matrix operations and linear algebra. Problem 1 involves multiplying and adding matrices. Problem 2 finds a linear transformation from one set of variables to another by multiplying transformation matrices. Problem 3 proves a property about symmetric matrices. Problem 4 works through Gaussian elimination on systems of linear equations. Problem 5 determines powers of a matrix. Problem 6 transposes a matrix.

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    solution 4

    Titre original

    Solution 4

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    This document contains solutions to 6 problems involving matrix operations and linear algebra. Problem 1 involves multiplying and adding matrices. Problem 2 finds a linear transformation from one set of variables to another by multiplying transformation matrices. Problem 3 proves a property about symmetric matrices. Problem 4 works through Gaussian elimination on systems of linear equations. Problem 5 determines powers of a matrix. Problem 6 transposes a matrix.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    20 vues5 pages

    Let A = � 0  1 �0 0 Then,A2 = �λ200λλ000�λA3 = �λ300λ2λ200λ�λContinuing this pattern, we can see that:An = �λn00λn-1λn-1000�λnSo the general form of An is:An = �λn00

    Transféré par

    Saúl L Hdez T
    This document contains solutions to 6 problems involving matrix operations and linear algebra. Problem 1 involves multiplying and adding matrices. Problem 2 finds a linear transformation from one set of variables to another by multiplying transformation matrices. Problem 3 proves a property about symmetric matrices. Problem 4 works through Gaussian elimination on systems of linear equations. Problem 5 determines powers of a matrix. Problem 6 transposes a matrix.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 5

    ENGG2012 A&B Advanced Engineering Mathematics

    Solution 4
    Tutor: Xixuan Wu
    Email: xixuan1124 [AT] gmail.com
    P1:

    1 1 1
    1 2 3

    A 1 1 1 B 1 2 4
    1 1 1
    0 5 1

    Solution:

    1 1 1 1 2 3
    1 1 1

    3 AB 2 A 3 1 1 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1
    1 1 1 0 5 1
    1 1 1
    0 5 8
    1 1 1

    3 0 5 6 2 1 1 1
    2 9 0
    1 1 1
    0 15 24 2 2 2 2 13 22
    0 15 18 2 2 2 2 17 20
    6 27 0 2 2 2 4 29 2
    T

    1 1 1 1
    T
    A B 1 1 1 1
    1 1 1 0
    1 1 1 1 2
    1 1 1 1 2
    1 1 1 0 5

    2 3
    2 4
    5 1
    3 0 5 8
    4 0 5 6
    1 2 9 0

    P2: We have two linear transformations. Please find the linear transformation
    from z to x.

    x1 2 y1 y3

    x2 2 y1 3 y2 2 y3
    x 4 y y 5y
    1
    2
    3
    3

    y1 3z1 z2

    y2 2 z1 z3
    y z 3z
    2
    3
    3

    3 1 0
    Y BZ ; B 2 0 1
    0 1 3

    2 0 1
    Solution: X AY ; A 2 3 2 ,
    4 1 5
    x1
    y1


    Here, X x2 , Y y2 ,


    x
    y
    3
    3

    z1

    Z z2
    z
    3

    So, X AY A( BZ ) ( AB)Z ,

    x 0.5c2 0.5c1
    y c

    1
    So,
    ,
    z c2
    w 0

    2 0 1 3 1 0 6 1 3
    AB 2 3 2 2 0 1 12 4 9
    4 1 5 0 1 3 10 1 16

    x1 6 z1 z2 3z3

    x2 12 z1 4 z2 9 z3
    x 10 z z 16 z
    1
    2
    3
    3

    P3: A, B are n*n symmetric matrices. Show: AB is symmetric matrix if and only if
    AB=BA.
    Solution: 1.

    AB BA, AT A, BT B
    ( AB)T BT AT BA AB

    2. AB is symmetric matrix, so: AB ( AB) B A BA .


    T

    P4: Gaussian Elimination and Back Substitution Method.


    Solution:

    1.

    4 x1 2 x2 x3 2

    3x1 x2 2 x3 10
    11x 3x 8
    2
    1

    4 2 1 2

    Augmented matrix: 3 1 2 10

    11 3 0 8

    4 2 1 2 1 3 3 8 1 3 3 8 1 3 3 8
    3 1 2 10 => 3 1 2 10 => 0 10 11 34 => 0 10 11 34

    11 3 0 8 11 3 0 8 0 30 33 96 0 0
    0 6
    No solution.

    2.

    2 x 3 y z 4
    x 2 y 4 z 5

    3 x 8 y 2 z 13
    4 x y 9 z 6

    2 3 1 4
    1 2 4 5

    Augmented matrix:
    3 8 2 13

    4 1 9 6

    2 3 1 4 1 2 4 5 1 2 4
    1 2 4 5 2 3 1 4 0 7 7

    =>
    =>
    3 8 2 13 3 8 2 13 0 14 14



    4 1 9 6 4 1 9 6 0 7 7

    5 1 2 4 5
    14 0 1 1 2
    =>
    =>
    28 0 0 0 0

    14 0 0 0 0

    x 2c 1
    x 2 y 4 z 5

    => y c 2

    y z 2
    z c

    3.

    2 1 1 1 1

    Augmented matrix: 4 2 2 1 2

    2 1 1 1 1

    2 x y z w 1

    4 x 2 y 2 z w 2
    2 x y z w 1

    x 0.5c2 0.5c1
    2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 x y z w 1
    y c1
    4 2 2 1 2 => 0 0 0 1 0 => w 0
    =>

    z c2
    2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 2w 0
    w 0

    P5:

    1 0
    A

    What is A2 , A3 ,

    , Ak ?

    Solution:

    1
    A2

    1
    A3

    0 1 0 1 0

    1 1 2 1
    0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

    1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1

    1 0

    k 1

    Now we prove: A
    k

    1 0

    n 1

    When k = 1,2,3, it is right. If k=n, A


    n

    n 1

    When k = n+1, we can get: A

    0
    1 0 1 0 1

    .
    n 1 1 (n 1) 1

    1 0

    P6: A 0 1 , whats An ?
    0 0

    1 0 0 0 0 1 0

    Solution: A 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 I B

    0 0 0 0 0 0 0

    0 1 0
    0 0 1
    0 0 0

    2
    k

    B 0 0 1 , B 0 0 0 , B 0 0 0 , when k >=3.
    0 0 0
    0 0 0
    0 0 0

    1 0

    n
    When n = 1, A A 0 1

    0 0

    When n>=2,

    An ( I B)n Cn0 n I n Cn1 n1I n1B


    n

    0
    0

    0
    0

    Cn1 n 1 Cn2 n 2

    n
    Cn1 n 1
    0
    n

    0
    0

    Cnn Bn Cn0 n I Cn1 n1B Cn2 n2 B 2

    0 n 1
    0 0 n2
    0

    1
    n 1
    2
    0
    Cn 0 0 Cn 0 0
    0 0
    0 0
    n
    0
    0

    0
    0

    2 x1 x2 x3 2

    P7: x1 2 x2 x3

    2
    x1 x2 2 x3

    Whats if theres solution?

    2 x1 x2 x3 2

    Solution: x1 2 x2 x3

    2
    x1 x2 2 x3
    2 1 1 2
    1 2 1

    1 1 2 2

    =>

    2 1 1 2


    Augmented matrix: 1 2 1

    1 1 2 2

    1 2 1
    2 1
    1 2 =>

    1
    1 2 2


    1 2 1
    0 3 3 2 2 =>

    0 3 3 2


    1 2 1

    0 3 3
    2 2

    0 0 0 2 2
    If

    1 and 2 , 2 2 0 , no solution.

    If

    2 ,

    x1 c 2
    1 2 1

    1 2 1 2
    x1 2 x2 x3 2

    0 3 3

    => x2 c 2
    2 2 => 0 3 3 6 =>

    x2 x 3 2
    x c
    0 0 0 2 2
    0 0 0 0
    3
    If

    1,

    x1 c 1
    1 2 1

    1 2 1 1
    x1 2 x2 x3 1

    0 3 3

    => x2 c
    2 2 => 0 3 3 0 =>

    x2 x 3 0
    x c
    0 0 0 2 2
    0 0 0 0
    3

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