AEC

C227879

C. C. C. SKIKDA

Rev. 0; January 2003

Technical & Economical Bid. First Phase

Heat Recovery Steam Generator

Page i

INDEX
1

INTRODUCTION
1

1.1

General

description

1
1.2

Codes

and

regulations

2
2

HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATOR. MAYOR COMPONENTS

2

2.1

Steam-water

circuit

2
2.1.1

Feedwater
2

2.1.2

Economizer
2

2.1.3

Steam

drums,

evaporator

section

and

piping

2
2.1.4

Intermediate

Pressure

Reheater

Section

3
2.1.5

Superheater

sections

3
2.1.6

De-superheaters
3

2.1.7

Turbine

by-pass

system

3
2.1.8

Cycle

chemical

feed

4
2.2

Exhaust

gas

circuit

4
2.2.1

HRSG

inlet

ductwork

4
2.2.2

HRSG
4

outlet

ductwork

and

stack

AEC

C227879

C. C. C. SKIKDA

Rev. 0; January 2003

Technical & Economical Bid. First Phase

Heat Recovery Steam Generator
2.3

Blowdown

Page ii
system

4
2.4

Support
5

2.5

Piping
5

2.6

Accessories
5

structure,

stairways,

ladders

and

platforms

AEC
C. C. C. SKIKDA

C227879
Rev. 0; January 2003

Technical & Economical Bid. First Phase

Heat Recovery Steam Generator

Page 1 of 5

INTRODUCTION

The Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) is specifically designed to match the operating characteristics of the
gas turbine and provide optimum performance for the total power plant cycle. The HRSG is designed to be fully
integrated into the combined-cycle system and includes required inlet/outlet ductwork, structural supports, piping
and accessories.
Significant features of the HRSG are:
short installation cycle;
fast start-up and shutdown capability;
operational flexibility;
high reliability and availability;
environmental compatibility.
1.1

General description

The HRSG is a three-pressure level, reheat, unfired, and it is in principle natural circulation type with horizontal gas
turbine exhaust gas flow through the tube heat transfer sections.
The HRSG will be horizontal or vertical type depending on the space requirements and other considerations.
The heat transfer sections are configured in the direction of exhaust gas flow to obtain optimum exhaust gas energy
utilization based on technical-economic considerations.
Feed water flows through the heat transfer sections counter to the exhaust gas flow and is progressively heated and
evaporated in the economizer and the evaporator sections, respectively.
Saturated steam leaves the high pressure and low pressure steam drums and obtains final steam temperature in the
super-heater sections.
The saturated steam leaving the intermediate pressure steam drum is first heated in the intermediate pressure superheater and is then combined with the steam returning from the high pressure steam turbine exhaust. This combined
steam flow obtains final steam temperature in the re-heater section. Saturated steam leaves the steam drum and
obtains final steam temperature in the super-heater sections.

AEC
C. C. C. SKIKDA

C227879
Rev. 0; January 2003

Technical & Economical Bid. First Phase

Heat Recovery Steam Generator
1.2

Page 2 of 5

Codes and regulations

The HRSG proper is designed, fabricated and inspected in accordance with the rules of Section I (Power Boilers) of
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or local and national codes and standards.
The HRSG external piping is furnished in accordance with the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.1, Power Piping,
and ASME, Section I, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or any .
For purposes of establishing a base, the edition of the ASME and ANSI/ASME Codes or local and national codes
and standards in effect as of the original date of this Scope of Work are utilized. Where actual design of the
equipment to the requirements of codes and standards mandated by the date of contract award or thereafter result in
a change in the cost of the equipment and/or services provided, the contract price shall be adjusted accordingly.

HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATOR. MAYOR COMPONENTS

2.1

Steam-water circuit

2.1.1

Feedwater

The pumping of the feed water to the different circuits of the HRSGs will be done by means pumps in sufficient
number and with the necessary redundancies in order to assure the supply of water in each HRSG.
2.1.2

Economizer

Feed-water flow through the economizer is counter to the exhaust gas flow, from the inlet to the outlet header
through the multi-pass arrangement of finned tubes. The economizer is designed to heat the feed-water from supply
temperature to a temperature slightly less than the saturation temperature corresponding to the steam drum pressure.
The sub-cooled economizer outlet temperature reduces the possibility that the economizer steaming limit is
exceeded during low load and start-up operation. The economizer outlet flow is discharged directly to the steam
drum.
2.1.3

Steam drums, evaporator section and piping

Feed-water enters the steam drum from the economizer and is distributed along the length of the steam drum by a
distribution manifold where it mixes with the saturated water returning from the evaporator section.
The water is extracted from the bottom of the steam drum and flows through the evaporator section via the natural
circulation process.

AEC
C. C. C. SKIKDA

C227879
Rev. 0; January 2003

Technical & Economical Bid. First Phase

Heat Recovery Steam Generator

Page 3 of 5

The saturated water enters the evaporator bottom header and flows upward in the direction of exhaust gas flow. The
evaporator section operates essentially at constant temperature absorbing heat from the exhaust gas in the amount
equal to the latent heat of vaporization for the steam drum operating pressure. The steam/water mixture leaves the
evaporator top header through short pipe connections to the steam drum and is directed to a primary separator where
the first stage of steam/water separation occurs.
The water discharges downward while the steam rises to a second moisture separator where final steam purity is
reached. The steam from the high pressure drum rises to a rises to a second moisture separator where final steam
purity is reached.
The steam drum is designed to provide high purity steam to the super-heater and to accommodate evaporator surge
during startup and operating transients. A man-way is provided for access into the steam drum for inspection and
maintenance.
2.1.4

Intermediate Pressure Reheater Section

Superheated steam from the intermediate pressure superheater is combined with the steam returning from the high
pressure steam turbine exhaust. This combined steam flow is piped to the intermediate reheater section where the
steam is heated to the reheat temperature stated in the heat balance.
2.1.5

Superheater sections

Saturated steam is externally piped from the steam drum to the super-heater inlet header from which it flows through
a multi-pass arrangement of finned tubes to the outlet header. The flow of steam is counter to the exhaust gas flow.
The super-heater section raises the steam temperature from saturation to a superheat temperature consistent with the
gas turbine exhaust gas conditions and requirements of the steam turbine.
2.1.6

De-superheaters

A high pressure super-heater inter-stage desuperheaters, utilizing feed-water, is provided for temperature control of
the high pressure super-heater outlet steam temperature.
2.1.7

Turbine by-pass system

Turbine by-pass control valves are installed to by-pass flow from the steam turbine (high, medium, and low
pressure) to the main condenser. These valves must control pressure and desuperheat the steam during transient
conditions such us start up, low load, load rejection.

AEC
C. C. C. SKIKDA

C227879
Rev. 0; January 2003

Technical & Economical Bid. First Phase

Heat Recovery Steam Generator
2.1.8

Page 4 of 5

Cycle chemical feed

The cycle chemical feed system supplies water conditioning chemicals to the steam condensate feed-water cycle
for the purpose of reducing corrosion and scale build up while meeting steam purity requirements.
The cycle chemical feed system is designed to feed chemicals for the worst case condensate flow conditions while
maintaining compatibility with the chosen oxygen scavenger and neutralizing chemical fed to the condensate/feedwater system.
2.2

Exhaust gas circuit

2.2.1

HRSG inlet ductwork

The HRSG inlet ductwork delivers the gas turbine exhaust gas from the outlet of the gas turbine to the HRSG inlet
and includes all supports, expansion joints and horizontal ducting. The ductwork is designed to minimize pressure
drop and distribute the exhaust gas to the HRSG super-heater inlet uniformly.
2.2.2

HRSG outlet ductwork and stack

HRSG outlet ductwork, expansion joint and stack are provided to deliver the gas turbine exhaust gas from the exit of
the HRSG to the atmosphere. The outlet transition duct and stack are provided with personnel protection (expanded
metal) at ladders, platforms and test ports. Stand-offs are provided for attachment of the expanded metal. Sampling
ports are provided in the stack for emission testing. A cold end silencer is included. A damper is included for heat
conservation.
2.3

Blowdown system

The blowdown system includes all the equipment necessary to receive the continuous and intermittent drum
blowdown streams from the HRSG. And it is designed in order to minimize the water losses.
The blowdown system removes impurities from the HRSG system in the form of suspended and dissolved solids.
Continuous blowdown from the HP, IP and LP steam drum is routed to the blowdown tank. During start-up of the
HRSG, intermittent blowdown may be required in order to maintain drum levels. During normal operation, drum
water quality will be constantly monitored and the continuous blowdown flowrate for each drum manually set by the
operator in order to maintain drum solids at the level required. Intermittent blowdown will be performed
periodically by the operator to reduce solids concentration in the lower evaporator headers based in operating trends.

AEC
C. C. C. SKIKDA

C227879
Rev. 0; January 2003

Technical & Economical Bid. First Phase

Heat Recovery Steam Generator
2.4

Page 5 of 5

Support structure, stairways, ladders and platforms

The HRSG heat transfer sections, steam drum, inlet/outlet ductwork systems and interconnecting piping are
supported by a support structure designed in accordance with the equipment data, the site conditions and the
applicable structural codes and standards.
Stairways, ladders and platforms are provided for operation and maintenance access to valves, instrumentation,
steam drums, access doors and emission test ports. All stairways and platforms are provided with handrails and kick
plates. Platform grating and stair treads are open, hot dipped galvanized.
2.5

Piping

HRSG interconnecting piping is provided to transfer the water and steam between the heat transfer sections and the
steam drums. The piping is supported from the HRSG support structure.
2.6

Accessories

Instrumentation, controls and valves are provided in accordance with ASME, Section I, Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code.