Mohammad Basil Badar

L.3.0
Communication for Engineering Technicians
Assessment 1: Communicating Technical Information
Task 1:
A)
The function of a CA 555 Integrated circuit is to produce accurate time delays, or
oscillations. In terms of its input it has two, one is the trigger and the other is the
threshold. The purpose of these inputs is to make the output become high and
low depending on how much voltage is applied through pin 5 which is connected
to the threshold. In terms of output, as stated above it is a direct influence of the
two inputs.
The function of a SN 7493 integrated circuit is that it returns back to 0 when
another pulse is applied, the count begins with logic 0 at the Q output and the
maximum count that you would get would be logic 1 at the Q output. The output
and the next state depends on the current input that would be applied and the
previous inputs which are be stored in the 7493 latches, due to this process the
7-segment display doesnt continue being a 0 and starts increasing, e.g. 0,1,2,3
on the 7-segment display.
The function of a SN 7447 integrated circuit is to take the input signals
coming in, in the form of binary coded decimal and decode it. The SN
7447 integrated circuit is most commonly used for this decoding purpose,
This is because it accepts binary coded decimal and then assigns a logic
1 to the LEDs that should be glowing in order to display that particular
binary coded decimal on the 7 segment display which it is attached to
through the output pins.
B)
Components:
Resistor: the function of a resistor in a circuit is to control the flow of current to
other components such as an LED (light). If too much current flows through an
LED it is destroyed. So a resistor is used to limit the current.
Capacitor: the function of a capacitor is to store Energy electrically. This makes
them useful to maintain a power supply while the device is unplugged and
without a battery for a short time.
LED: the function of an LED is to emit light for any purpose such as old calculator
displays, clock radio time displays and even lights.
Battery: the function of a battery is to provide the circuit with a source of energy
7 Segment display: the function of a 7 Segment display is to display numbers
electronically

Mohammad Basil Badar

L.3.0
Communication for Engineering Technicians
C)
a)
The function of this circuit is to display the time on a 7 segment display. It
displays the time correctly every second up to 9 seconds and then resets.
The mark space ratio is the time high/the time low
The diagram below shows this more clearly:

b) The method of changing the frequency id done by increasing the current, as

increased current equal decreased frequency. So to decrease current you can
change the resistor values.
c) The method of counting using the flip flops is done by the output changing
state on each clock cycle. So after two clock cycles the output of the flip-flop
completes one cycle. If the output of this flip-flop were then used as the clock
input to a second, the output of the second flip-flop would cycle at half the rate
of the first flip-flop. Each additional flip-flop added in this manner would cycle at
half the rate of the preceding flip-flop.
The diagram below shoes how it is done.

Mohammad Basil Badar

L.3.0
Communication for Engineering Technicians
d) The binary data is converted to digital code in the SN 7447 integrated circuit.
It is done in the 7447 circuit by decoding the binary coded decimal which it can
then read and assign logic 1 and 0 to, so that the LED may be on or stay off.
Task 2:
a)
Schematic Circuit Diagram

b)
PCB Layout

Mohammad Basil Badar

L.3.0
Communication for Engineering Technicians

c) 3D Visualizers
Back View:

Mohammad Basil Badar

L.3.0
Communication for Engineering Technicians

Front View: