Unit 9: Probability Vocabulary

Probability
the extent to which an event is likely to occur, measured by the ratio of the
favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible.

Outcome
a possible result of a probability experiment

Two-Way Table
tables that examine the relationships between two categorical variables.

Sample Space
the range of values of a random variable

Favorable vs. Unfavorable Outcome

given by Number of favorable outcomes to Number of Unfavorable outcomes

Intersection
When two circles, A and B, of a venn diagram overlap that contain the
elements that belong to circle A and circle B.

Union
The correlation between events A and B

Venn Diagram
a diagram of mathematical sets as circles that overlap one
another
Tree Diagram
There are two branches. the probability of each outcome is
written on each branch.
Complements
All outcomes that are NOT the event. The Complement of all
possible outcomes
Fundamental Counting Principle

states that if one event has m possible outcomes and a second

independent event has n possible outcomes, then there are m x n
total possible outcomes for the two events together.
Conditional Probability
the probability of an event (A) given that another (B) has already
occurred.
Experimental vs. Theoretical Probability
the ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the total
number of trials or times the activity is performed.