IIUMEngineeringJournal,Vol.x,No.

x,200x

Akhteretal.

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M. A. AKHTER (AUTH1)1, C. D. EMRAN (AUTH2)2, AND G. H. IKRAM (AUTH3)3
1,2,3Dept of MCT, Fac. of Eng., International Islamic Univ. Malaysia (IIUM), Jalan
Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (Address)
1

akhter900@gmail.com, 2imran@yahoo.com, 3ikram@hotmail.com

(Received: Day Month Year; Accepted: Day Month Year; Published on-line: Day Month Year)

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IIUMEngineeringJournal,Vol.x,No.x,200x
Stati
on
1
2
3

System
Type
ABC-9X
ABC-10Y
ABC-100Z

Akhteretal.

Leng
th [m]
2.951
4.466
3.011

Diamete
r [m]
0.123
0.145
0.167

Mass
[kg]
66.00
144.88
155.99

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rate=W q k f (

a MTBE
K eq a MeOH 2

(1)

3. CONCLUSION REMARKS (HEADING 1)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (ACKNOW)
The Malaysian Ministry of Science Technology and Environment (MOSTE) kindly
provided funding for the research through the "Intensification of Research in Priority
Areas" (IRPA) project no 09-02-04-00.

REFERENCES
[1] S.A.MuyibiandL.M.Evison.Optimizingphysicalparametersaffectingcoagulationof
turbidwaterwithMoringaoleiferaseeds,Water.Res.Vol.29,no.12,26892695.1995.
[2] A.Ndabigengesere,K.S.Narasiah,andB.G.Talbot.Activeagentsandmechanismsof
coagulationofturbidwatersusingMoringaoleifera,WaterRes.(29),703710,1995.
[3] S.A.Muyibi. Moringaoleiferaseedsinwatertreatment,JournalInstitutionofEngineers
MalaysiaVol,59,3,3750,1998
[4] J.P.Sutherland,G.K.Folkard,andW.D.Grant.Moringaoleiferaasanaturalcoagulant,
InPickfordetalEds.AffordableWatersupplyandSanitation,20thWEDCConference.Proc.
297299,1994.
[5] S.A.MuyibiandC.A.Okuofu.CoagulationofLowTurbiditySurfaceWaterswithMoringa
oleiferaSeeds,Intern.Journ.EnvironmentalStudies,1995,Vol.48,pp.263273,1995.
2

IIUMEngineeringJournal,Vol.x,No.x,200x
Akhteretal.
[6] S.A.MuyibiandL.M.Evison.Coagulationofturbidwatersandsofteninghardwaterwith
Moringaoleiferaseeds,Intern.Journ.EnvironmentalStudies49,247259,1995.
[7] S.A.MuyibiandL.M.Evison.CoagulationofTurbidWaterandSofteningofHardWater
withMoringaoleiferaSeeds,InternJourn.EnvironmentalStudies,1996,Vol.49,pp247
259,1996.
[8] A. Ndabigengesere, K. B. Narasiah, and K. Subraimanian. Quality of water treated by
coagulationusingMoringaoleiferaseeds,WaterRes.Vol.32,no.3,pp.781791,1998.
[9] S.A.Muyibi,H.Hazalizah,I,Irmayanti,andJ.M.M.N.Megat.Coagulationofriverwater
withMoringaoleiferaseedsandalumacomparativestudy,JournalInstitutionofEngineers
MalaysiaVol.62no,2,1521,2001.

NOMENCLATURE
a

Activity

Total number of components

Fj

Feed flowrate of stage j

mol/s

hL

Partial molar enthalpy of liquid

J/mol

hVPartial molar enthalpy of vapour

J/mol

HR

Heat of reaction

J/mol

Keq

Thermodynamic reaction equilibrium constant

kf

Forward rate constant

mol/(s equiv)

Lj

Liquid flowrate from stage j

mol/s

Mr

Relative Molecular Weight

g/mol

Total number of stages

Pressure

Pa

Po

Saturated vapour pressure

Pa

Ion exchange capacity

equiv/kg

Rj

Total rate of generation of moles on stage j

mol

rj

Rate of reaction on stage j

mol/s

Temperature

Time

Stoichiometric coefficient

Vj

Vapour flow rate from stage j

Weight of Catalyst

kg

Liquid composition

Vapour composition

Feed composition

mol/s

i) Greek letters

Parameter for reaction occurrence on stage j (0 or 1)

3

IIUMEngineeringJournal,Vol.x,No.x,200x

Akhteretal.

Fugacity coefficient

Activity coefficient

ii) Subscript
i

Component number

Stage number

Reaction number

iii) Superscript
f

Feed

Liquid

Reaction(s)

Vapour

BIOGRAPHIES
Muhamad Nazri Murat received his B.Sc. (Hons) degree in Chemical Engineering from
University of Manchester Institute of Science & Technology (UMIST) in 1999. He
obtained his M.Sc. degree in 2002 in the School of Chemical Engineering at Universiti
Sains Malaysia. His research interests are in modeling and simulation, design and control
aspect of reaction distillation column.
Dr. Abdul Rahman Mohamed obtained his Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from
University of New Hampshire. His research interest is mainly in the environmental issues
with the emphasis in air pollution control. He is currently the Dean and Associate
Professor of the School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia. Dr. Abdul
Rahman has conducted and completed numerous funded research projects and has
published more than 80 papers in various international and national conferences and
journals.
Prof. Subhash Bhatia joined the School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains
Malaysia in 1995. He was a full Professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (India). Prof. Bhatia was a visiting faculty at the
University of Queensland, Australia from 1988 1989 and 1994 1995. His research
interests are zeolite catalysis, chemical reaction engineering and environmental catalysis.
He has written a book on Zeolite Catalysis that was published by CRC Press, USA and has
published more than 100 papers in national and international journals.