MikroTik Certified Network Associated

Haydar Fadel | Cloud For Network

MikroTik Certification Path

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MikroTik Certified Network Associate (MTCNA)

Recommended duration: 3 days of 6.5 hours each.

Objectives: By the end of this training session, the student will be:
familiar with RouterOS software and RouterBoard
products. He will also be able to configure, manage, do
basic troubleshooting of a MikroTik router and provide
basic services to clients.

Target Audience:
Network engineers and technicians wanting to deploy and support:
Corporate networks
Client CPEs (WISPs and ISPs)

Course prerequisites: The student must have a good understanding of TCP/IP and
subnetting.
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Various

Out of respect for the other students and the trainer:

Put you cell phone and other business tools on vibration mode
Take your calls outside the classroom

The course material is separated in modules, each of which is ended with a

laboratory whose goal is to reinforce the material that has been
demonstrated.

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About The Trainer

Name : Haydar Fadel

Computer and communication engineering

Working in IT field from 2008

Certified as MikroTik (MTCNA,MTCRE,MTCWE,MTCTCE,MTCUME and MTCINE)

Certified as MikroTik official trainer : www.mikrotik.com/training/partners/asia/iraq

Certified as MikroTik consultant: www.mikrotik.com/consultants/asia/iraq

Certified as Cisco (CCNA R&S , Security , VoIP , CCDA , Service Provider , Wireless , Data
Center , CCNP R&S , CCNP Security , CCNP Service Provider and Cisco networking
academy )

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TCP/IP Review

One Day Before Training

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Open System Interconnection (OSI) Standard

The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is the most widely known
internetwork reference model. It is used for data network design,
operation specifications, and troubleshooting.

Process of communication is divided into Seven layers.

Lowest is physical layer, Highest is application layer.

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Open System Interconnection (OSI) Standard

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Data Encapsulation
Each layer communicating with its peer layer adds protocol information to
ensure proper delivery.

This additional protocol information is called a Header because it is placed

in front of the data to be transmitted .

This process when the new header is added is called the Encapsulation.
Receiving device on each layer read proper information after that remove
this information and handled data to the next layer up this process called
the De-Encapsulation.

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Data Encapsulation

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OSI Layers Description

The Application layer: Layer seven, is the top layer of the OSI model Application layer
protocols are used to exchange data between programs running on the source and
destination hosts. Examples DHCP , DNS , Telnet, Email server and FTP server.

Transport layer: The processes described in the OSI Transport layer accept data from
the Application layer and prepare it for addressing at the Network layer. The Transport
layer is responsible for the overall end-to-end transfer of application data.

Network layer: The Network layer, or OSI Layer 3, provides services to exchange the
individual pieces of data over the network between identified end devices . Identifier of
network layer is IP address like 192.168.1.1

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OSI Layers Description

Data link layer :The data link layer is the protocol layer that transfers data between
adjacent network nodes in a wide area network or between nodes on the same local
area network segment.

The identifier of data link layer is MAC address :- 00:0C:42:20:97:68

Physical layer:The OSI Physical layer provides the means to transport across the
network media the bits that make up a Data Link layer frame.

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MAC & IP Address

It is the unique physical address of a network device.

Its used for communication within LAN.

Example: 00:0C:42:20:97:68

It is logical address of network device.

It is used for communication over networks.

Example: 159.148.60.20

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Subnets

Range of logical IP addresses that divides network into segments.

Example: 255.255.255.0 or /24

Network : address is the first IP address of the subnet.

Broadcast: address is the last IP address of the subnet.

Both network and broadcast address are reserved and cannot be used.

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Subnets
Class

Network

Broadcast

Subnet

1.0.0.0

127.255.255.255

255.0.0.0 /8

128.0.0.0

191.255.255.255

255.255.0.0 /16

192.0.0.0

223.255.255.255

255.255.255.0 /24

D (multicast)

224.0.0.0

239.255.255.255

255.255.255.0/28

E (reserved)

240.0.0.0

255.255.255.255

Not defined

All Subnet Classes

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Subnets
Class

Network

Broadcast

Subnet

10.0.0.0

10.255.255.255

255.0.0.0 /8

172.16.0.0

172.31.255.255

255.240.0.0 /12

192.168.0.0

192.168.255.255

255.255.0.0 /16

Private IP Address

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Subnets
Identification

CIDR

Network

Broadcast

Loopback addresses

127.0.0.0/8

127.0.0.0

127.255.255.255

DHCP auto configuration

169.254.0.0/16

172.16.0.0

172.31.0.0

Test Net 1

192.0.2.0/24

192.0.2.0

192.0.2.255

Test Net 2

198.51.100.0/24

192.168.51.100.0

192.168.51.100.255

Test Net 3

203.0.113.0/24

203.0.113.0

203.0.113.255

Reserved IP Addresses

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Subnets
Subnet

Subnet Mask

Available Host

/32

255.255.255.255

Host itself

/30

255.255.255.252

4-2

/29

255.255.255.248

8-2

/28

255.255.255.240

16-2

/27

255.255.255.224

32-2

/26

255.255.255.192

64-2

/25

255.255.255.128

128-2

/24

255.255.255.0

256-2

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Example

You have Main IP address 192.168.1.0 and you want to subnetting this main IP
to 8 Network and inside each network 30 available addresses to be assigned
to the end devices.
11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111

This total IPv4 Bits 32-bits

11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

Inverting right 5 most bits .it will give us 30 address

255.255.255.224 or /27

Converting binary digit to the decimal

11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

The last 1 one the left most considered as hop count between networks

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Example
Networks

Available Host

Broadcast

192.168.1.0

192.168.1.1-192.168.1.1

192.168.1.31

192.168.1.32

192.168.1.33-192.168.1.62

192.168.1.63

192.168.1.64

192.168.1.65-192.168.1.94

192.168.1.95

192.168.1.96

192.168.1.97-192.168.1.126

192.168.127

192.168.1.128

192.168.1.129-192.168.1.158

192.168.1.159

192.168.1.160

192.168.1.161-192.168.1.190

192.168.1.191

192.168.1.192

192.168.1.193-192.168.1.222

192.168.1.223

192.168.1.224

192.168.1.225-192.168.1.254

192.168.1.254

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Network Design

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Network Design

For network design you must consider the following :1.

2.
3.

The subnet musk that can work on all networks and satisfied conditions?
Begin your network design by give IP address and subnet to small network like
point to point network and choose subnet with least lose of IP address .
Move to larger network by give them subnet and network ID that satisfied the
following .
Number of subnets or networks in your location.
Number of Hosts (PCs) in each network .

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Network Design
Step 1 :choose subnet to your point to point network as the following :

For point to point network you can

choose subnet /30 or /29 because.
/30 can give you 2 IP
/29 can give you 6 IP

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Network Design
Step 2 : Choose subnet mask according number of hosts and subnets :

For our selected network we need subnet

mask /27 because it gives as:
No subnet : 8
No of Host : 30

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Selecting IP Address

Select IP address from the same subnet on local networks.

Especially for big network with multiple subnets.

Select your subnet according number of networks required in your design.

Select your subnet according number of host required in your local network .

Choosing the best subnet helping you to use ip addresses in that subnet with least
loose.

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Selecting IP Address Example

Clients use different subnet masks /25 and /26

A has 192.168.0.200/26 IP address.
B use subnet mask /25, available addresses 192.168.0.129-192.168.0.254
B should not use 192.168.0.129-192.168.0.192
B should use IP address from 192.168.0.193 - 192.168.0.254/25

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Selecting IP Address Example

Client B
????/25

Client A
192.168.0.200/26

Network

Available address

Network

Available address

192.168.0.0

192.168.0.1-192.168.0.62

192.168.0.0

192.168.0.1-192.168.0.126

192.168.0.64

192.168.0.65-192.168.0.126

192.168.0.128

192.168.0.129-192.168.0.254

192.168.0.128

192.168.0.129-192.168.0.190

192.168.0.192

192.168.0.193-192.168.0.254

Client A address appear at last network

192.168.0.192/26
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Client B address should be assign from last network

192.168.0.128/25
but from address 192.168.0.193-192.168.0.254
So IP addresses from 192.168.0.129-192.168.0.192 not
used
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End of TCP/IP

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