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In vivo evaluation of bone mineral content and

bone area on the Norland XR-46 and XR-800
systems
Article in Bone October 2008
DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.07.099

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Tom Sanchez
Norland, at Swissray
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ABSTRACTS / Bone 43 (2008) S76S93

due to the formation of pseudocyst as a result of extensive

haemorrhagic degeneration.
doi:10.1016/j.bone.2008.07.097

T20
The effect of alendronate sodium on carotid artery intima-media
thickness and lipid prole in women with postmenopausal
osteoporosis
Murat Celiloglu, Yunus Aydn
Dokuz Eylul University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir,
Turkey
Observatory and experimental studies support that osteoporosis
and atherosclerosis are two related phenomena. The aim of the
present study was to investigate the probable effect of alendronate
sodium, which is used in the treatment of osteoporosis, on carotid
artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and the lipid prole and the apoA and apo-B rates, which are known to have role in the atherosclerotic
process.
IMT was measured in 39 women in whom alendronate 70 mg/
week was started due to osteoporosis and in 33 control patients at the
start, and the 6th and 12th months of the study. The trigliserid, highdensity lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein A (apoA-I) and apolipoprotein B (apo-B) levels were also
measured at the same time points and Apo-B/ApoA-I rates were
calculated. Among the basal values, only the ApoA-I level was
signicantly lower in the alendronate group (p0.597 [0.013] mm;
those of the control group were 0.600 [0.010] mm, 0.611 [0.011] mm
and 0.620 [0.011] mm, respectively. In both groups, the difference
between the start and 12th month values was signicant (p0.05);
96.2 [4.2], 101.5 [4.5] (p N 0.05) in the control group and 145.1
[4.0], 173.7 [4.3] (p b 0.05); 98.7 [3.9], 84.6 [3.3] (p b 0.05) in the
alendronate group, respectively. Apo-B/ApoA-I ratios were 0.611
[0.029], 0.636 [0.031] (p N 0.05) in the control group and 0.703 [0.04],
0.498 [0.0].
We concluded that alendronate sodium inhibits the development
of atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. The results indicate that
the alterations in ApoB/apoA-I ratios, of which the signicance in
cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis is well-known, may have a
role in the mechanism of this effect.
doi:10.1016/j.bone.2008.07.098

T21
In vivo evaluation of bone mineral content and bone area on the
Norland XR-46 and XR-800 systems
Tom Sanchez 1, Jingmei Wang 2, Kathy Dudzek 3, Chad Dudzek 3
1
Research and Development, Norland - A Cooper Surgical Company of
Socorro, NM, USA
2
Research and Development, Norland - A Cooper Surgical Company of
Beijing, PR China
3
Research and Development, Norland - A Cooper Surgical Company of
Fort Atkinson, WI, USA
Objective: An in vivo evaluation on the impact of bone mineral
content and area measurement is desirable when signicant hardware
changes are introduced to equipment. This study compared in vivo
precision and results of scans done on the Norland XR-46 and XR-800
DXA equipment.

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S83

Methods: Five to seven subjects underwent four repeated scans of

AP Spine, Hip or Whole Body on the XR-46 and XR-800. All scans were
done with standard settings. Precision and absolute values for bone
mineral content and area obtained on the two scanners were
evaluated.
Results: The XR-46 and XR-800, respectively, show precision for
bone mineral content of 1.11% and 1.65% for AP Spine, 1.61% and 1.60%
for Femur Neck, 1.03% and 2.04% for Trochanter, 0.53% and 0.78% for
Total Hip and 1.03% and 0.68% for Whole Body. Examining bone area,
the XR-46 and XR-800, respectively, show precision of 0.57% and 1.03%
for AP Spine, 1.07% and 0.97% for Femur Neck, 0.86% and 1.41% for
Trochanter, 0.31 and 0.52% for Total Hip and 0.99% and 0.86% for
Whole Body. Examining bone mineral content on the XR-46 and XR800, respectively, we see results of 68.21 g and 68.60 g for AP Spine,
4.61 g and 4.55 g for Femur Neck, 10.17 g and 10.17 g for Trochanter,
33,874 mg and 34,200 mg for Total Hip and 2981 g and 2994 g for
Whole Body. Examining bone area, the XR-46 and XR-800, respectively, show results of 59.37 cm2 and 59.16 cm2 for AP Spine, 4.97 cm2
and 4.98 cm2 for Femur Neck, 13.30 cm2 and 13.29 cm2 for Trochanter,
34.80 cm2 and 35.07 cm2 for Total Hip and 2789 cm2 and 2809 cm2 for
Whole Body. Analysis by the Wilcoxon matched pairs test conrms
that the results obtained on the XR-46 and XR-800 do not differ
signicantly.
Conclusion: The studies show that measured bone mineral
content and area on the XR-46 and XR-800 show similar precision
and absolute values supporting a conclusion that results of AP
Spine, Hip and Whole Body studies on these systems are fully
interchangeable.
doi:10.1016/j.bone.2008.07.099

T22
Noninvasive characterization of trabecular bone quality in human
using scanning quantitative ultrasound imaging
Yi-Xian Qin, Yi Xia, Lin Wei, Barry Gruber, Clint Rubin
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
Osteoporotic bone loss is a critical skeleton complication occurred
particularly in the weight-supporting skeleton, which leads to
osteoporosis and fracture. Using an imaging-base quantitative confocal scanning ultrasound diagnostic system (SCAN), the goal of this
work was to longitudinally monitor effectives of calcaneus bone loss
and treatment in a 90-day bedrest using ultrasound.
QUS scanning was performed at calcaneus (bedrest subjects)
regions, which was processed to calculate the ultrasound attenuation (ATT; dB), wave ultrasound velocity (UV), and the broadband
ultrasound attenuation (BUA; dB/MHz). The longitudinal evaluation
of bone quality is performed in 90-day continuous bedrest in total 17
human subjects (8 disuse and 9 disuse plus treated using 30 Hz, 0.3 g
vibration) using SCAN and DXA in day 0 (baseline), day 60 and day
90. Interrelationships between ultrasound parameters and DXA
determined BMD were evaluated through multiple correlations
(p b 0.05).
QUS indicated that disuse alone induced 1.5 +/ 0.4% bone loss via
UV, while disuse plus treatment increase bone mass at 1.3 +/ 0.4%
with baseline. Longitudinal subtle changes were predicted by the UV
and BUA comparing disuse plus treatment and disuse alone, i.e., 2.2%
at 60 days and 3.3% at 90 days for UV, and 6.5% (60 days) and 19.2%
(90 days). In disuse alone, strong correlation was observed between
BUA at heel and pooled whole body (WB) BMD (r2 = 0.84), and
between UV and BMD at calcaneus (r2 = 0.79).
These results demonstrated that ultrasound image is capable to
predict bone BMD, microstructure and mechanical properties in