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Software Testing Interview Questions

1.What is End-to-End testing?
In End-to-End Testing, we take the application from the starting phase of the
development cycle until the end of the development cycle. It comes into play when we
take requirement from the customer until the end of the delivery of the application. The
purposes of End-to-End testing are:
Validating the software requirements and checking if it is integrated with external
interfaces.
Testing application in real world environment scenario.
It involves testing of interaction between application and database.
Executes after functional and system testing.
End-to-End testing is also called Chain Testing.
2.What is Gorilla Testing?
Gorilla Testing, a technique with repetitive Manual Testing process, which a tester would
have done several times before, is done again to test the robustness of the system.
Gorilla Testing is used in Software Testing to check functionality of one particular
module heavily.
In Gorilla testing, test case and test data are not required.
It uses random data and test cases to perform testing of the application. The purpose
of Gorilla testing is to examine the capability of single module functionality by applying

heavy load and stress to it. And determine how much load and stress it can tolerate
without getting crashed.
3.Explain Monkey testing.
Monkey testing is a type of Black Box Testing used mostly at the Unit Level. In this
testing, the tester enters data in any format and check the software is not crashing. This
uses Smart monkey and dumb monkey.
Smart monkeys are used for load and stress testing; they will help in finding the bugs.
They have high development cost.
Dumb monkey are important for basic testing. They help in finding those bugs that have
high severity. Dumb monkey are less expensive as compared to Smart monkeys.
4.What is the difference between baseline and benchmark testing?
The difference between baseline and benchmark testing are:
Baseline testing is the process of running a set of tests to capture performance
information whereas Benchmarking is the process of comparing application
performance with respect to industry standard that is given by some other organization.
Baseline testing uses the information collected to make changes in the application so
as to improve performance and capabilities of the application whereas benchmark
testing gives information of our application with respect to other applications.
Baseline compares present performance of application with its own previous
performance whereas benchmark compares our application performance with other
companys applications performance.
5.Explain bug life cycle.
When a tester finds a bug, the bug is assigned NEW or OPEN with status.
The bug is assigned to Development Project Managers who will analyze the bug. They
will check whether it is a valid defect. If not valid, the bug is rejected, and its new status
is REJECTED.
Now, the tester checks whether the similar defect was raised earlier. If yes, the defect
is assigned a status DUPLICATE
Once the bug is fixed, the defect is assigned a status FIXED
Next the tester will re-test the code. In case, the test case passes, the defect is CLOSED
If test case fails again, the bug is RE-OPENED and assigned to the developer.
6.What is elementary process?
Software applications are made up of several elementary processes. There are two
types of elementary processes:
Dynamic elementary Process: The dynamic elementary involves process of moving
data from one location to another. The location can be either within the application or
outside it.
Static elementary Process: It involves maintaining the data of the application.
7.What is Requirements Traceability Matrix?
Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM) is a tool to make sure that the project
requirements remain same throughout the whole development process. RTM is used in
the development process because of following reasons:
To determine whether the developed project meets the user requirements.

 To determine all the requirements given by the user.

To make sure the application requirements can be fulfilled in the verification process.
8.What is Silk Test?
Silk Test is a tool developed for performing regression and functionality testing of the
application. Silk Test is a tool, used when we are testing the applications based on
Windows, Java, Web or traditional client/server. Silk Test helps in preparing the test plan
and managing of those test plans to provide direct access to the database and field
validation.
9.What is the role of QA in project development?
QA team is responsible for monitoring the development process.
Responsibilities of QA team are Planning, Testing and Process execution.
QA Leads create time tables and agrees on a Quality Assurance plan for the product.
The team communicates the QA process to the team members.
The professionals ensure traceability of test cases to requirements.
10.What are the tools of performance testing?
Some popular commercial testing tools are:
LoadRunner(HP): used for web and other applications. It provides a variety of
application environments, platforms and database.
QAload(Compuware): used for load testing of web, database and char-based system.
WebLoad(RadView): it allows comparison of Running test with Test metrics.
Rational Performance Tester (IBM): used to identify presence and cause of system
performance bottlenecks.
Silk Performer (Borland): allows prediction of behavior of e-business environment
before it is deployed, regardless of size and complexity.
11.What is concurrent user hits in load testing?
When multiple users, without any time difference, hit on the same event of the
application under the load test, it is known as a concurrent user hit. The concurrency
point is added so that multiple Virtual Users can work on a single event of the
application.
By adding concurrency point, the virtual users will wait for the other Virtual users(who
are running the scripts), if they reach early. When all the users reach the concurrency
point, only then they start hitting the requests.
12.How can we perform Spike testing in JMeter?
Spike Testing is performed to understand what changes happen on the application
when there is a sudden increase in the number of users.
In JMeter, spike testing can be achieved using Synchronizing Timer. Synchronizing Timer
will synchronize requests of multiple threads. It will add delays between requests such
that all threads fire at the same time thus creating heavy load bursts on our application
13.What is Baseline testing?
Baseline testing is a testing performed on the application before coming to any
conclusion. It can be either the verification or validation process, which provides an idea
of what the next stage has to do. It is an important testing technique; if done properly,

85% of performance problems can be identified and solved when proper baseline tests
are done.
14.What is Purge Run?
Purge Run is used to delete old test run result in the project. Purge Run, by default,
deletes all the run results in the selected test sets. It can be used to:
Delete only Test Runs: In this, we can select a period before which we want to delete
the test run result.
Delete only Run Steps: In this, we can select a period before which we want to delete
run steps.
15.Explain the concepts of Test Fusion Report of QTP.
Test Fusion report displays different aspects of the test run, soon after the tester runs
a test. The Test Fusion report is used to display all the aspects of test run, it specifies
where the application failures occurred, the test data used, and the detailed explanation
of every checkpoint stating pass or failure and the application screen shots of every step
by highlighting the discrepancies.
Test Fusion Report is a compilation of the entire testing process. It includes an
overview of where the failures occurred, the test data that was used in testing, screen
shots to support inconsistencies and detailed view of checkpoints.
16.What is Backus-Naur Form?
Backus-Naur Form is a meta language used to formally describe the syntax of a
language. It is a formal mathematical way to describe a language, which was developed
by John Backus (as well as Peter Naur) to describe the syntax of the Algol 60
programming language.
17.What is Application Binary Interface (ABI)?
An application binary interface (ABI) is the interface between two program modules, one
of which is often a library or operating system with machine code. An ABI determines
details like- how functions are called and in what binary format information should be
passed from one program component to the next or to the operating system in the case
of a system call.
18.What is CMM?
CMM expands to Capability Maturity Model for Software (CMM or SW-CMM). It is a
model for judging the maturity of the software processes of an organization and for
identifying the key practices that are required to increase the maturity of these
processes.
The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) Capability Maturity Model (CMM) specifies an
increasing series of levels of the software organization. The higher the level, the better
the software development process. Reaching each level is an expensive and timeconsuming process.
19.What is Race Condition?
A race condition is an undesirable situation that occurs when a device or system
attempts to perform two or more operations at the same time. But because of the
nature of the device or system, the operations must be done in the proper sequence to
be done correctly.

Race conditions can occur in electronics systems, especially logic circuits, and in
computer software, especially multithreaded or distributed programs.
20.What is N+1 testing?
N+1 is a variation of regression testing.
It is the testing conducted with multiple cycles where errors found in the test cycle N
are resolved and the solution is retested in test cycle N+1.
The cycles are typically repeated until the solution reaches a steady state and there are
no errors.