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STRUCTURAL DESIGN BASIS REPORT (DBR)

PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT


VEERAPANJAN VILLAGE, MADURAI.

CLIENT: E.RM.E.RENGASAMY EDUCATIONAL


SOCIETY MADURAI.

THE STRUCTURALLES
P l a n n e r s

and

D e s i g n e r s

7/53, Mu.Varadharajan Street,


Arumbakkam,
Chennai- 600106

PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT


VEERAPANJAN VILLAGE, MADURAI.

CONTENTS
1.0

General

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1.1 Scope

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1.2 Description of Structure

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1.3 Codes and Standards

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1.4 Units

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2.0

Materials

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2.1 Material Properties

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3.0

Design Loads

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3.1 Dead load

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3.2 Imposed Load

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3.3 Wind Load

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3.4 Earthquake Load

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3.5 Earth Pressure

. (8/17)

4.0

Durability & Resistance

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4.1 Fire Resistance

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4.2 Environmental Exposure

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4.3 Cover to Reinforcement

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5.0

Load Combinations

5.1 Types of Loads


5.2 Loading Combinations
5.3 Deflections
6.0

Deflections

7.0

Structural Analysis

7.1 Geometric Modeling


8.0

Design Approach

8.1 Foundation Design


9.0

Design of Members

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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT


VEERAPANJAN VILLAGE, MADURAI.

1.0 GENERAL
It is proposed for the Construction of School building at Veerapanjan, Madurai.
Architect Prasad N.Yadav, had approached The Structuralles for the design of
School Building. This report deals with the basic analysis and design considerations
for the design of School Building.
1.1

Scope
The scope of the work is to perform structural Analysis, design & supply of
good for construction structural drawings for proposed School Building.

1.2

Description of Structure
School building is a G+2 building and the details of building are as below
Storey No.
Ground Floor
First Floor
Second floor

Description
It consists of Principal Room, Vice Principal Room, Class
Rooms, Conference Room, Admin Office, Toilets, Lobby,
Labs, A.H.U and Electrical Rooms.
It consists of Staff Rooms, Class Rooms, Lobby, Labs,
Activity Room, Toilets, A.H.U and Electrical Rooms.
Class Rooms, Activity Rooms, Lobby, Auditorium, MultiPurpose Hall, Toilets, A.H.U and Electrical Rooms.

The School Building is about 50m wide and 30m broad. After studying
various options of structural systems, general configuration of framing RCC
systems is adopted. The structural configuration is selected to suit best for
functional / architectural requirements as well as taking into consideration aspects
of economy, ease and speed of construction. As per the functional aspect of
buildings, all the floors are designed to cater the required loads including
earthquake and wind loads confirming to relevant I.S. codes.
1.3 Codes and Standards
Following Indian Standard codes, unless otherwise specified, is used for
analysis and design.
IS :456 2000

Code of practice for Plain & Reinforced concrete

IS : 875 1987

Code of practice for design loads for Building

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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT


VEERAPANJAN VILLAGE, MADURAI.

Structures (Parts 1 to 3)
IS 1893 - 2002

Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures

IS 13920 - 1993

Code of practice for ductile detailing of reinforced


concrete structures subjected to seismic forces

IS 1786 - 2008

High Strength deformed bars & wires

IS 3370 (I to IV)

Code of practice for concrete structures for the storage


of liquids

-2009
IS 1904-1986

Code of practice for design and construction of


foundations in soil

Where the design is not covered by the Indian Standards, reference shall be made to
international standards for guidance.
1.4

Units
SI units will be used in the entire analysis and design.

2.0 MATERIALS
The following materials are planned to be used for construction:
(a)

Concrete :
M25

grade of concrete is used for RCC design of Columns, Beams,

Slabs and other structural components


considered as 320 kg/m

and minimum cement content is

For plain cement concrete works M20 of concrete


is used.
The cement grade lower than 43 grades shall not be acceptable.
(b)

Reinforcing Steel :
Reinforcement used in construction conforms to the following
standards:
IS 432- For mild and medium tensile steel bars and hard drawn steel wires
IS 1786: 1985- For cold worked high strength steel deformed bars
IS 1566: 1982- For hard drawn steel wire fabric
High yield strength deformed bars (HYSD / TMT) having minimum elongation
14.5 percent and conforming to IS1786: 1985 shall be used as main steel in
the construction.

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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT


VEERAPANJAN VILLAGE, MADURAI.

Reinforcement Type

Used As

High Yield Strength

Main

Deformed bars Grade Fe 415

Design Strength,fy
(MPa)

reinforcement
415

,Stirrups & Links

2.1 Material Properties


Young's Modulus of Elasticity:
5

For Structural Steel, Es = 2 x 10 Mpa.


For Concrete, Ec = 5000 fck Mpa (IS 456:2000)
Where, fck = 28 day characteristic compressive strength of concrete in Mpa.
Compressive Strength of
Concrete (fck) Mpa.

Modulus of Elasticity of
Concrete (Ec) Mpa.

25

25000

3.0 DESIGN LOADS


3.1

Dead Load (hereinafter referred as DL):


Dead load shall mean the total weight of structures and/or foundations, and
all materials permanently attached thereto or supported thereby.

The unit weight

of materials shall conform to IS 875 (Part 1)


The self weight of structure is automatically calculated by the analysis
software depending upon the dimensions and densities of materials for each
member. Densities of materials considered as follows:
Material
Mass / Plain Concrete

Density (kN/m )
24.0

Reinforced Concrete

25.0

Structural Steel

78.5

Brick wall with plaster (230 and 100 thick)

20.0

Concrete Block Wall

24.0

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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT


VEERAPANJAN VILLAGE, MADURAI.

The other dead loads to be considered in design are as follows:


Floor finishes (75 mm thick)

1.5 kN/m

Weathering course at roof / Terrace level

2.0 kN/m

9.0 kN/m

1.0 kN/m

(100 mm average thickness)


Water proofing for toilet filling (450 mm
sunk)
False Ceiling

3.2 Imposed Loads (hereinafter referred as IL):


Imposed
produced

loads

shall

mean

movable

external

loads

on

structures,

by people, tools, and furnishings of buildings etc. which are not

permanently fixed thereto. These are applied as per IS 875 (Part 2).
Imposed loads on various locations shall be as
under:
2

For All floors Live load is taken as 3 kN/m , where as for toilets and
2

bathrooms live load is taken as 2 kN/m .In-case of labs live load is taken as 6
kN/m

Exact Location and Loads of any other special equipment in building will
have to be confirmed by relevant consultants.

3.3 Wind loads (hereinafter referred to as WL):


Wind loading is considered as per IS 875 (Part 3) and the basic wind pressure (Pz)
shall be determined based on the following formula:
Pz = 0.6 * (Vz )2 N/m2
Vz = Vb x k1 x k2 x k3
Where,
Vb - (Basic wind speed) = 39 m/sec for Madurai, Tamil Nadu.
k1 - Risk Co-efficient factor for mean probable design life of structure (i.e50
years)

= 1.0 (Table 1)

k2 - Terrain, height and structure size factor depending on the terrain category 2,
Class B

= 0.98 (Up to 10 m height)

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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT MADURAI

= 1.02 (10m to 15 m height)


= 1.05 (15m to 20 m height)

k3 - Topography factor = 1.00


3.4 Earthquake loads (hereinafter referred to as EQ):
As per IS 1893-2002 the proposed structure is located in Zone II of the seismic
map of India.
The following parameters are used for seismic
design: Zone factor Z

= 0.10

Importance factor, I

= 1.50

Response Reduction factor, R

= 3.00

Considering Ordinary RC moment-resisting frame (OMRF).


The analysis is done as per the guidelines mentioned in IS 1893-2002 Code.
The average response acceleration co-efficient for soil type with 5% damping is
considered. The design and detailing is done as per the norms specified in IS
1893- 2002 and IS 13920 -1993
3.5 Earth Pressure (hereinafter referred to as EP):
(1) Earth pressure is the pressure of the soil acting on the underground
structure and/or foundation.
(2) Active earth pressure is calculated from Rankines earth pressure equation
with parameters obtained from soil investigation report.

4.0

Durability & Resistance

4.1 Fire Resistance:


All critical structural elements are designed for two hours fire resistance.
4.2 Environmental Exposure:
The building is designed for moderate exposure condition as per codal
provisions.

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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT MADURAI

4.3 Cover to Reinforcements:


Minimum clear cover to any reinforcement according to IS 456:2000 for
moderate condition shall be as follows:
The following
reinforcement :

cover

has

Slabs

= 25 mm

Beams

= 40 mm

Columns

= 40 mm

been

maintained

for

main

Foundations
i) Top

= 50 mm

ii) Bottom

= 75 mm

ii) Sides

= 75 mm

Liquid Retaining Structures


i) Liquid Face

= 50 mm

ii) Free Face

= 50 mm

5.0 LOAD COMBINATIONS


5.1 Types of loads
Unless otherwise specified, all loads listed herein, is considered in the
design:
DL

Dead load

LL

Live load (Imposed Load)

WL

Wind load

EQ

Earthquake load

5.2 Load Combinations


Building, structure, foundations and all structural components is generally
designed for the following load combinations as per IS 456-2000 and checked for
the most critical combinations.
Load factors for limit state of collapse:
LOAD

DL

LL

WL

EQx

EQy

1.5

1.5

--

--

--

COMBINATION
DL + LL

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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT MADURAI


DL + WL

1.5

--

+1.5

--

--

DL + WL

0.9

--

+1.5

--

--

DL + LL + WL

1.2

1.2

+1.2

--

--

DL + EQ

1.5

--

--

+1.5

+0.3

DL + EQ

0.9

--

--

+0.3

+1.5

DL + LL + EQ

1.2

1.2

--

+1.2

For combination of gravity load with EQ appropriate reduction in live load


is considered as per relevant code and no further reduction in live load is done while
designing individual members.
Load factors for limit state of serviceability:
LOAD

DL

LL

WL

EQ

DL + LL

1.0

1.0

--

--

DL + WL

1.0

--

+1.0

--

DL + LL + WL

1.0

0.8

+0.8

--

DL + EQ

1.0

--

--

+1.0

DL + LL + EQ

1.0

0.8

--

+0.8

COMBINATION

6.0 DEFLECTIONS
Long term deflections due to finishes & partitions= Span / 350 or
20mm
(Cl. 23.2 IS456:2000)
Long term deflection due to self weight =

Span / 250

Lateral Drift under wind loads

Height / 500 (CL.20.5, IS456:2000)

Storey Drift under earthquake loads

=
=

(Cl. 23.2 IS456:2000)

0.004 x Storey Height (IS1893:2002)

7.0 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS


Structural Analysis is done using the software package program SAP 2000.
These are 3-D structural analysis tools which can perform analysis of plane frames,
space frames using truss, beam & plate / shell elements. It can also be used for
designing / checking

of

members

in

steel

/concrete

as

per

relevant

Indian Standard specifications. For elements having simple geometry, analysis


will be done manually using conventional analysis methods.
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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT MADURAI

7.1 Geometric Modeling


(i) The main structure is modeled as 3D mathematical model, considering beams
& columns as Frame element, slab is modeled as Shell Element in SAP as the case
may be.
(ii) Miscellaneous

elements

like

staircases

are

analyzed

by conventional

manual methods and their loads are transferred to corresponding elements


in the model

8.0 DESIGN APPROACH


The structure is considered to respond elastically to all the working loads.
Suitable load combinations as described in paragraph 5.0 above are considered for
performance of the structure in various states of collapse & serviceability.
Design is based on limit state method of design of reinforced concrete structures.
Liquid retaining concrete structures will be designed as per IS 3370-2009.
8.1 Foundation Design
Isolated footing is provided individually for all the columns as per the soil report.

9.0 DESIGN OF MEMBERS


9.1 Typical Slab Design
Typical design of Slab is given below
Lx = 6.23 m
Ly = 6.73 m
Slab Thickness = 175 mm
Loading on Slab,
LL = 3 kN/m

FF = 1.5 kN/m

SW = 4.38 kN/m

Total load W = 8.8 kN/m

Ly /Lx = 6.73 / 6.23

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Ly /Lx < 2
Hence it is designed for Two way Slab.
Shorter Span:
XX direction,
Mx = 27.38 kN-m
Mu / bD

Referring to table -4 SP 16
Pt = 0.39 %
Ast = 559 mm

Provide Y 10 @ 125 mm C/C


Y-Y direction,
My = 20.67 kN-m
Mu / bD

Referring to table -4 SP 16
Pt = 0.28 %
Ast = 412 mm

Provide Y 8 @ 100 mm C/C


Longer Span:
X-X direction,
Mx = 24.28 kN-m
Mu / bD

Referring to table -4 SP 16
Pt = 0.40 %
Ast = 534 mm

Provide Y 10 @ 125 mm C/C


YY direction,
My = 18.08 kN-m
Mu / bD

Referring to table -4 SP 16
Pt = 0.28 %
Ast = 380 mm

Provide Y 8 @ 125 mm C/C


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9.2 Typical Beam Design


Typical design of Beam is given below
Size of the beam: 230 x 600
Length of the Beam: 6.23 m
Mu ( ve) at support

171.84 kN-m

Mu (+ve) at center

50.44 kN-m

Shear Vu

113.72 kN.

Ast at support,
Mu = 0.87 fy x Ast x d x (1- fy Ast/fck bd )
6

171.84 x 10 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 555 x (1- 415 x Ast/ 25 x 230x 555)
Ast = 880.76 mm

Provide 2Y-25
Ast at center,
Mu = 0.87 fy x Ast x d x (1- fy Ast/fck bd )
6

50.44 x 10 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 555 x (1- 415 x Ast/ 25 x 230x 555)
Ast = 253.64 mm

Provide 2Y-16
Design for shear force:
Vu = 113.72 kN
Tv = Vu / bd
3

= 113.72 x 10 / 230 x 600


= 0.824
Tc = 0.49
Tc < Tv
So to provide vertical reinforcement
Vs = Vu (Tc xb xD) = 113.72-(0.49x230x600) = 46.1
Vs = sv x Asv x d / Sv
Provide 8 mm dia bars @ 200 mm c/c.

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PROPOSED SCHOOL BUILDING AT MADURAI

9.3 Typical Column Design


The typical design of column is given below
Combination 1.5(DL + FF+ WALL) 1.5 EQY governs the design.
From the analysis:
Pu

535 kN

Mux =

54.01 kN-m

Muy =

27.54 kN-m

Grade of concrete

M 25

Grade of steel

Fe-415

fy

415

fck

25

230 x 600 mm

4.5 m

1.2

Size of the column


Length of column
Assuming leff

lo

coeff

lex

5.40 m

(lex/D)

5400 / 600

9 < 12

5400 / 230

23.48 > 12

(ley/B)

Therefore the column is treated as Long column.


Max = Pu x D/ 2000 (lex /D )
Max = Pu x B/ 2000 (lex /B )

eax = D/ 2000 (lex /D ) =


2

0.0243 eay = B/ 2000 (ley /B ) =


0.0634
Therefore Max = Pu x eax = 535 x 0.0243 = 13.01 kN-m
May = Pu x eay = 535 x 0.0634 = 33.92 kN-m

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Moments due to minimum eccentricity


Ex =L/500 + D / 30 = 30.8 mm
Ey =L/500 + B / 30 = 18.47 mm
Mux = 535 x 30.80 / 1000 = 16.48 kN-m
Muy = 535 x 18.47 / 1000 = 9.88 kN-m
Therefore design for the moments of
Mux = 70.49 kN-m
Muy = 61.46 kN-m
Assume (pt) = 2.0 %

Uniaxial Moment capacity of the section,


(Pu / fck bD) =

0.155

(pt / fck )

0.08

(d / D)

50 / 600

0.0833

(d / B)

50 / 230

0.217

Referring to chart 44&45, SP 16


2

(Mu/ fck bD )

0.15

Mux1

0.15 x 25 x 230 x 600

310.50 KN-m

(Mu/ fck bD )

0.115

Muy2

0.115 x 25 x 600 x 230

91.25 KN-m

Puz

0.45fck Ac + 0.87fy ASC

2083.49 KN

Pu/ Puz

0.26

Mux/ Mux1

0.22

Muy/ Muy2

0.67

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n = 0.89
(Mux/ Mux1)

+ (Muy/ Muy1)

= 0.9 < 1

Therefore OK.
The same design procedure is adapted for all columns.
9.4 Typical Footing Design
Design of Typical Footing is illustrated below:
Total load acting on foundation, P= 460 kN
Size of Column Above = 230 x 600
From soil report, the safe bearing capacity of the soil= 214 kN/m

Area of Footing required = 1.1 x 460 / 214


2
= 2.364 m
Therefore

L = 2.0 m
B = 1.2 m

Base Pressure, q = P/A


= 460 / 2.0 x 1.2 = 191.67 kN/m

X-X Direction:
Projection beyond the face of the column = 700 mm
Moment at the face of the column = 191.67 x 0.7x 0.7 x 1.2 / 2
M = 56.35 kN-m.
Assuming Clear cover 50 mm and also assuming 10 mm dia bars
D = 450 mm
d = 450 50-5 = 395 mm
2

Mu/bd = 0.451
Referring table -3, SP-16
Pt =0.127 %
Ast reqd = 0.127 x 1000 x 394 / 100
Ast = 501 mm

Provide 10 mm @ 150 mm c/c

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Y-Y Direction

Projection beyond the face of the column = 490 mm


2

Moment at the face of column = 191.67 x 0.49 x 2.0 / 2


= 46.01 kN-m
Assuming Clear cover 50 mm and also assuming 10 mm dia bars
D = 450 mm
d = 450 50 -10-5 = 385 mm
2

Mu/bd = 0.23
Referring, IS-456
Ast reqd = 0.12 x 1000 x 385/ 100
Ast = 462 mm

Provide 10 mm @ 150 mm c/c


Shear Consideration:
One way shear:
One way shear occurs at the distance d from face of the column,
Shear force V = 0.31 x 1.2 x 191.67
= 71.3 kN
Pt = 0.12 %
Design shear stress, Tc = 0.29 N/mm

Actual shear stress Tv = Vu / bd


3

= 106.95 x 10 / (1200 x 385)


2
= 0.23 N/mm
Tv < Tc
Therefore safe.
Punching shear:
Two way shear occurs at a distance of d/2 from the face of column
Shear force V = ((2.0x1.2)-(1.0x0.63) x 191.67
= 339.26 kN
Ks = 0.5 +c (not greater than 1)
c = 230/600 = 0.38
Ks = 0.5 + 0.38 = 0.88
Allowable shear stress Tc = 0.2525
= 1.25
Design shear stress = ks.Tc
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= 0.88 x 1.25 = 1.1 N/mm2

Actual Shear Stress ,Tv = Vu / bd


3

= 508.88 x 10 / (2(1000+630)) x 345 )


= 0.45 N/mm

Tv < Tc
Therefore safe.

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