Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
3
ISSN 1827- 6660
May - June 2012
TSFE
V/F
VSI
WEKA
Nomenclature
ANN
ANFIS
CW
CART
CFC
DWT
DLPF
E
EMD
FOC
FPGA
FAM
FFT
HPSO
KPCA
MCSA
MLP
MWA
P
PCA
PDD
PWM
RBF
RMS
S
SOM
SVM
T
TMCSA
WNN
WPD
WT
MRA
a
b
f (t)
f
fs
m
n
(t)
(w)
*
I.
Introduction
4437
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
II.
( m,n ) =
f ( t ) m,n ( t ) dt
*
m,n ( t ) = 21/ 2 2 m t n
(1)
(2)
4438
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
TABLE I
CONTINUOUS REAL WAVE TRANSFORMS
Name
Equation
Beta
(t / , ) = ( 1) dp (t / , ) / dt
beta
(t ) = ( 2 n )
Her.
Mex.hat
Shannon
n/2
C H (t / 2 ) e
(t ) = ( 2 / 3
1/ 4
( 1 / 2 n ) t
n
2
)(1 t / ) e
( t
/ 2
( t ) = 2 sin c ( 2t ) sin c ( t )
TABLE II
DISCRETE WAVE TRANSFORMS
Name
Equation
B = ( 1) C
Coiflet
N 1 k
B = ( 1) C
Cohen
Daubechies
N 1 k
B = ( 1) C
Daubechies
Binomial
quadrature mirror
filter (QMF)
N 1 k
h(n) =
X (n)
r
r = 0
| |
d < +
(4)
n ,k ( t ) = ( 2 t k )
H ( ) = e
jv / 2
( ) = 0
ce ( / 2, q )
H v ( ) = 1 / 2
h ke
jk
( ) = 1
2
k z
a,b ( t ) = a
1/ 2
(5)
ce ( 0, q )
Legendre wavelet
| ( ) |2
N 2 2
Haar wavelet
Mathieu wavelet
t b
(3)
(6)
4439
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
TABLE III
INDUCTION MOTOR FAULT DIAGNOSIS METHODS VALIDITY
Faults
Bearing
sensors
Air gap
Stator Wind.
Method
eccent.
MCSA
Ok
Not
Ok
Partial
Vibration
analysis
Ok
Not
Ok
Not
Axial flux
Not
Not
Ok
Partial
Partial
discharge
Not
Not
Not
Ok
M.B FDD
Not sure
Not
Not sure
Ok
1 s
fecc = f s 1 k
(7)
fbrk = f s (1 2ks )
(8)
1 s
f ecc = f1 1 m
(9)
fecc = f1 (1 s ) k
p
(10)
(11)
f airgap =| f1 mfi, o |
(12)
4440
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
E E1
T = 0 , ,....,E2 M 1 / E
E E
(13)
0.5
(14)
4441
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
criterion funct =
=
(15)
mean current
fbt j 2 fct
e
m
( t ) = Cm,nf sin c m
(16)
(17)
k1
nd n f + 2
(18)
nd n f + 2
(19)
log ( fs / f )
log ( 2 )
+1
(20)
fs / R
(21)
4442
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
M (k ) =
i =| p k |
i =1
pk
log 2 i1
p
i
(22)
i 2j
j = Nb
( in db ) = 10 log Ns
n ( j )
j = Nb
(23)
IV.
s (k ) =
rhNs ( k )
I hNs ( k )
(24)
4443
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
V.
4444
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
VI.
4445
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
4446
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
(25)
4447
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
Rd + Rc Rd + Rc ia
vsa Ra Rb
Rb Rd + Rc Rd + Rc ib
vsb = Ra
+
vsc Ra Rb
Rd + Rc Rd + Rc ic
Rb
Rd + Rc Rd + Rc id
vd Ra
Lad ia
Lbd ib
+
Lcd ic
Ldd id
Lar
Lbr
+ [ Ir ]
Lcr
Ldr
sa
d sb
+
dt sc
d
Rseries
RNor stat
N sh
d
Rsh ish + sh
Ns
dt
LNor stat
LNor stat
Lseries
Lsh
(32)
(33)
(28)
(29)
Rsh
(27)
(31)
RNor stat
sa
d sb
+
dt sc
d
(26)
(30)
VII.
Design Methodologies
4448
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
Fig. 18. Basic block diagram of the fault tolerant control scheme
Fig. 21. Fault tolerant control structure used in the above work
i s1
is 2
isd
v s1
isq
isdr
P 1
vs 2
vs3
isqr
mes mes
Fig. 20. Fault tolerant control structure used in the above work
Fig. 23. Block diagram of the FTC algorithm used in this work
4449
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
Techniques
Motor Current Signature
Analysis(MCSA)
Torque Harmonics
Analysis(THA)
Impedances of Inverse
Sequence (IIS)
ANN
TABLE IV
SUMMARY OF THE FAULT DIAGNOSIS METHODS PROPERTIES [1]
Required measurement
Application
Advantages
One stator current
*Rotor broken bar
*Low cost
*Stator winding turn
*Non invasive
fault
*Air gap eccentricity
Two stator currents
*Rotor broken bar
*Non invasive
*Stator winding turn
*Simple
fault
*Air gap eccentricity
Axial flux
*Rotor broken bar
*Low cost
*Stator winding turn
fault
*Air gap eccentricity
Two stator currents and
*Rotor broken bar
*Mechanical fault
voltages
*Stator winding turn
detection
fault
*Non invasive
*Mechanical faults in
load
Two stator currents and
Stator winding turn
*Incipient faults detection
voltages
fault
*Non invasive
Two stator currents &
voltages
Type of software
Generality
Drawbacks
*Frequencies vary from one
motor to other
*Limited to some states
Mismatch faults
Non invasive
TABLE V
WAVELET SOFTWARE [105]
Type of code
1D & 2D DWT and SWT compression (C) and de-noising
(D)
Research
***************************************
Commercial
1D & 2D compression and de noising
Commercial
Global, level-dependent and/or interval/orientation
dependent Hard or (for D only) soft threshold strategies:
Noise (D): Scaled white, un-scaled white or colored.
Donoho Johnstone methods (D): 1D & 2D: Fixed-form 1D:
Heursure, rigsure, mini max. Empirical methods: Balance
sparsity-norm (C) or (for 2D C & D) square root of this
threshold. Birge Massart methods: Penalized high
/medium/low (D) and (for C and non global thresholds)
scarce high/medium/low. C Remove near 0. See [MMOP00]
for details.
Specialized
Very genera
Very general
Very general
Research
General
Research
TF Toolbox [AFLG99]
Wave kit [Oja98]
Wave++ [FKK00a]
WZICwP [Rog02]
WaveThresh3 [Nas03]
Lifting notebook [Mas97]
General
General
Specialized
Specialized
General
Specialized
Research
Tutorial
Research
Research
Research
Research
4450
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
IX.
Inverter
Current sensor
DC voltage
sensor
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge University of Malaya,
provision of high impact research, Grant No, D00002216601, hybrid solar energy research suitable for rural
electrification.
Gate drives
TI DSP TMSF28335
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Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
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4452
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
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4453
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
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4454
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
Authors information
1
4455
Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, Hew Wooi Ping, Mustafa Khalid Masood, Lorand Szabo
4456
1827-6679(201205/06)7:3;1-M
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