TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Title of the project: TEMPARATURE BASED FAN CONTROLLING SYSTMS

Domain
Software

:
:

Embedded security systems

keil 4.0, sofcon M851.

Programming language

Embedded C

Microcontroller

AT89C51

Power Supply

Crystal

LCD

Sensor
Applications
Developed By

11.0592MHz

16*2
:

+9V, 500mA Regulated Power Supply

LM358

home security systems

:

TLCindia Pvt.Ltd

Phone

9705351122

Website

www.tlcindia.org

ABSTRACT:

the temperature circuit is used to find the intensity of light. Depending on the intensity
of light the value of resistance across the temperature will change, so the output voltage will
change by changing the value of resistance (10k pot). We have to fix the output voltage as
maximum as possible. Whenever light intensity is changes from that temperature voltage level is
changing. With the help of temperature it is easy to find out the documents or files who can be
Thefted with the help of the buzzer. If we are implementing this concept for the industries, it is
very useful for indicating thieves.
In this project we provide the temperature prevention system in two ways one is air
prevention and another one is water prevention. In air prevention system whenever the
temperature rises fans at the machines are automatically on until the temperature became low.
Another one is water prevention system whenever the temperature rises water pumps on at that
machines.
This project works with 12v regulated power supply. Power on led is connected for visual
identification of power status. This project uses regulated 12v, 750ma power supply. 7812 three
terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to
rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/18v step down transformer.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Temperat
ure
sensor

Controller
Power
supply
unit

LED -1

11.0592MH
z

RELAY

Crystal
Oscillator
RESET

FAN

Step
dow
n T/F

Bridge
Rectifier

Filter
Circuit

Regulato
r

Conventional power
supply

Introduction to Embedded Systems:

Embedded systems are electronic devices that incorporate microprocessors with

in Their implementations. The main purposes of the microprocessors are to simplify the
system design and provide flexibility. Having a microprocessor in the device means that
removing the bugs, making modifications, or adding new features are only matters of
rewriting the software that controls the device. Or in other words embedded computer
systems are electronic systems that include a microcomputer to perform a specific
dedicated application. The computer is hidden inside these products. Embedded systems
are ubiquitous. Every week millions of tiny computer chips come pouring out of factories
finding their way into our everyday products.
Embedded systems are self-contained programs that are embedded within a piece
of hardware. Whereas a regular computer has many different applications and software
that can be applied to various tasks, embedded systems are usually set to a specific task
that cannot be altered without physically manipulating the circuitry. Another way to think
of an embedded system is as a computer system that is created with optimal efficiency,
thereby allowing it to complete specific functions as quickly as possible.
Embedded systems designers usually have a significant grasp of hardware
technologies. They used specific programming languages and software to develop
embedded systems and manipulate the equipment. When searching online, companies
offer embedded systems development kits and other embedded systems tools for use by
engineers and businesses.
Embedded systems technologies are usually fairly expensive due to the necessary
development time and built in efficiencies, but they are also highly valued in specific
industries. Smaller businesses may wish to hire a consultant to determine what sort of
embedded systems will add value to your organization.

An embedded system is a system which is going to do a predefined specified task is the

embedded system and is even defined as combination of both software and hardware. A general-

purpose definition of embedded systems is that they are devices used to control, monitor or assist
the operation of equipment, machinery or plant. "Embedded" reflects the fact that they are an
integral part of the system. At the other extreme a general-purpose computer may be used to
control the operation of a large complex processing plant, and its presence will be obvious.
All embedded systems are including computers or microprocessors. Some of these computers are
however very simple systems as compared with a personal computer.
The very simplest embedded systems are capable of performing only a single function or set of
functions to meet a single predetermined purpose. In more complex systems an application
program that enables the embedded system to be used for a particular purpose in a specific
application determines the functioning of the embedded system. The ability to have programs
means that the same embedded system can be used for a variety of different purposes. In some
cases a microprocessor may be designed in such a way that application software for a particular
purpose can be added to the basic software in a second process, after which it is not possible to
make further changes. The applications software on such processors is sometimes referred to as
firmware.
The simplest devices consist of a single microprocessor (often called a "chip), which may itself
be packaged with other chips in a hybrid system or Application Specific Integrated Circuit
(ASIC). Its input comes from a detector or sensor and its output goes to a switch or activator
which (for example) may start or stop the operation of a machine or, by operating a valve, may
control the flow of fuel to an engine.
As the embedded system is the combination of both software and hardware

Embedded
System

Software

Hardware

ALP

Processor

Peripherals

VB

memory
Etc.,

Figure: Block diagram of Embedded System

Software deals with the languages like ALP, C, and VB etc., and Hardware deals with
Processors, Peripherals, and Memory.
Memory: It is used to store data or address.
Peripherals: These are the external devices connected
Processor: It is an IC which is used to perform some task
Applications of embedded systems

Manufacturing and process control

Construction industry

Transport

Buildings and premises

Domestic service

Communications

Office systems and mobile equipment

Banking, finance and commercial

Medical diagnostics, monitoring and life support

Testing, monitoring and diagnostic systems

AT89C51 MICROCONTROLLER
FEATURES
80C51 based architecture
4-Kbytes of on-chip Reprogrammable Flash Memory
128 x 8 RAM
Two 16-bit Timer/Counters
Full duplex serial channel
Boolean processor
Four 8-bit I/O ports, 32 I/O lines
Memory addressing capability

64K ROM and 64K RAM

Power save modes:

Idle and power-down

Six interrupt sources

Most instructions execute in 0.3 us
CMOS and TTL compatible
Maximum speed: 40 MHz @ Vcc = 5V
Industrial temperature available
Packages available:
40-pin DIP
44-pin PLCC
44-pin PQFP

GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
THE MICROCONTROLLER:
A microcontroller is a general purpose device, but that is meant to read data, perform
limited calculations on that data and control its environment based on those calculations. The
prime use of a microcontroller is to control the operation of a machine using a fixed program that
is stored in ROM and that does not change over the lifetime of the system. The microcontroller
design uses a much more limited set of single and double byte instructions that are used to move
data and code from internal memory to the ALU. The microcontroller is concerned with getting
data from and to its own pins; the architecture and instruction set are optimized to handle data in
bit and byte size.
The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 4k
bytes of Flash Programmable and erasable read only memory (EROM). The device is
manufactured using Atmels high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is functionally
compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 microcontroller instruction set and pin out. By
combining versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmels AT89c51 is a
powerful microcomputer, which provides a high flexible and cost- effective solution to many
embedded control applications.

Pin configuration of AT89c51 Microcontroller

PIN DESCRIPTION:
VCC
Supply voltage
GND
Ground
Port 0

Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bi-directional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight
TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as high impedance inputs.
Port 0 can also be configured to be the multiplexed low order address/data bus during
access to external program and data memory. In this mode, P 0 has internal pull-ups. Port 0 also
receives the code bytes during Flash programming and outputs the code bytes during program
verification. External pull-ups are required during program verification.
Port 1
Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The port 1output buffers
can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 1 pins, they are pulled high by the
internal pull-ups can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low
will source current (1) because of the internal pull-ups.

Port 2
Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The port 2 output buffers
can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 2 pins, they are pulled high by the
internal pull-ups can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low
will source current because of the internal pull-ups.
Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external program memory
and during access to DPTR. In this application Port 2 uses strong internal pull-ups when emitting
1s. During accesses to external data memory that use 8-bit data address (MOVX@R1), Port 2
emits the contents of the P2 Special Function Register. Port 2 also receives the high-order
address bits and some control signals during Flash programming and verification.
Port 3
Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The port 3 output buffers
can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 3 pins, they are pulled high by the
internal pull-ups can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low
will source current because of the internal pull-ups.

POWER SUPPLY:
The input to the circuit is applied from the regulated power supply. The a.c. input i.e.,
230V from the mains supply is step down by the transformer to 12V and is fed to a rectifier. The
output obtained from the rectifier is a pulsating d.c voltage. So in order to get a pure d.c voltage,
the output voltage from the rectifier is fed to a filter to remove any a.c components present even
after rectification. Now, this voltage is given to a voltage regulator to obtain a pure constant dc
voltage.

230V
AC

D.C
Output

50Hz

Step down
transformer

Bridge
Rectifier

Fig:wer supply

Regulator

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be
read by an observer or by an instrument. For example, a mercury-in-glass thermometer converts
the measured temperature into expansion and contraction of a liquid which can be read on a
calibrated glass tube. A thermocouple converts temperature to an output voltage which can be
read by a voltmeter. For accuracy, most sensors are calibrated against known standards.

FIG: LM35

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output
voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature.

The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in
Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from
its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling.

The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical
accuracies of 14Cat room temperature and 34C over a full 55 to
+150Ctemperature range.

Low cost is assured by trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The LM35s low
output impedance, linear output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing
to readout or control circuitry especially easy.
It can be used with single power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies. As it
draws only 60A from its supply, it has very low self-heating, less than 0.1C in still
air. The LM35 is rated to operate over a 55 to +150C temperature range, while
the LM35C is rated for a 40 to +110C range (10with improved accuracy).
The LM35 series is available packaged in hermetic TO-46 transistor packages, while
theLM35C, LM35CA, and LM35D are also available in the plastic TO-92 transistor
package. The LM35D is also available in an 8-lead surface mount small outline
package and a plastic TO-220 package.M35 temperature sensor is used to co

1. Can be calibrated directly to the Celsius scale.

2. Linear scale factor + 10mV / C
3. The accuracy of 0.5 C. at room temperature (25 C).
4. Range of temperature between -55 C to 150 C.
5. Work on the voltage 4 volts to 30 volts.

6. Operating current less than 60A.

7. Low output impedance 0.1 for 1 mA load

LM35 works by changing the temperature into voltage. Ideal voltage

coming out of the LM35 has a ratio of 100 C is equal to 1 volt. This sensor has a
self-heating (self heating) of less than 0.1 C, can be operated using a single power
supply.

Although the voltage sensor can reach 30 volts but given to sensor is at
5 volts, so

it

can be

the LM35 only require a

used with single power

current

supply with

of 60 A this means

the provision that

that LM35 has

to produce heat (self-heating) of

sensor which can cause a low reading error is less than
of25 C.

USE:-

the ability
the

0.5 C at

temperature

Sensors are used in everyday objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons (tactile sensor) and
lamps which dim or brighten by touching the base. There are also innumerable applications for sensors of
which most people are never aware. Applications include cars, machines, aerospace, medicine,
manufacturing and robotics.
A sensor is a device which receives and responds to a signal. A sensor's sensitivity indicates how
much the sensor's output changes when the measured quantity changes. For instance, if the mercury in a
thermometer moves 1 cm when the temperature changes by 1 C, the sensitivity is 1 cm/C (it is basically
the slope Dy/Dx assuming a linear characteristic). Sensors that measure very small changes must have
very high sensitivities. Sensors also have an impact on what they measure; for instance, a room
temperature thermometer inserted into a hot cup of liquid cools the liquid while the liquid heats the
thermometer. Sensors need to be designed to have a small effect on what is measured, making the
sensor smaller often improves this and may introduce other advantages. Technological progress allows
more

and

more

sensors

to

be

manufactured

on

a microscopic

scale as

micro

sensors

using MEMS technology. In most cases, a micro sensor reaches a significantly higher speed and
sensitivity compared with macroscopic approaches.

Thermistors are the most common temperature sensors you'll run across they're just temperaturesensitive resistors (resistance goes down as temperature goes up). The internal chemistry of thermistors
is quite tailor able -- this allows manufacturers to make thermistors with a wide selection of temperature
sensing ranges.

Note that thermistors tend to exhibit a fair amount of variability from unit to unit. So if you're using a pair
of thermistors to give your 'bot the ability to find warm or cool areas, you'll want to incorporate a
potentiometer to allow you to "tune" their response a bit (or else, buy a number of thermistors and attempt
to find a "matching" pair).

AD-590s are temperature sensing integrated circuits which output a current proportional to
temperature. While more expensive than thermistors (about $5 US each, vs. a few cents for a thermistor),
they are also much more accurate. This allows you to dispense with matching and tuning should you be
using temperature sensors as a "homing" device.

There are four main temperature-sensing devices available: thermocouples,

resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), thermistors, and temperature-transducing
ICs. These sensors translate the temperature into a reference voltage, resistance or

current, which is then measured and processed and a numerical temperature value
is computed.

Types of temperature sensor

Thermocouples
Thermocouples are a physically simple sensor, though how they function is more
complex. Figure 1 shows the basic wiring of a thermocouple. A thermocouple is
comprised of two dissimilar alloys (wires A and B) joined at one end, called the hot
junction (T1). The other leads are connected to a voltmeter or other input device
that measures the

voltage

(V1)

across

the

'cold

junction (T2).

The hot junction is the sensing element, and the cold junction is kept at a constant
reference temperature. A voltage is produced as the hot junction is heated, which is
proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions. This
principle, called the thermocouple effect was discovered by Thomas See beck in
1821 (Awtrey, 2001). And so, the electromotive force (EMF) produced when the
junctions of dissimilar alloys are maintained at different temperatures is known as
the See beck EMF. The theory behind the thermocouple and thermoelectric effect is
based upon the atomic structure of the alloys and is beyond the scope of this
report. The voltage is also dependent upon the type of conductors used. Different

alloys produce distinct voltages; therefore standards have been established to

facilitate

reliability

and

repeatability.

There

exist

eight

standardized

alloy

combinations, each referenced by a letter: B, E, J, K, R, S, T, and N.

The See beck EMF produced by a thermocouple is of such small scale that the
voltage must be amplified and processed by a specialized thermocouple input
module.
Thermocouples are calibrated with a cold junction temperature of 0C. However,
two problems arise when connecting thermocouples to their input device: firstly, the
input terminals, which are constructed with a different type of metal, create their
own See beck voltage which alters the actual thermocouple voltage; and second,
the device has to be recalibrated for an operational cold junction temperature. With
the advancements in technology over the past few decades, these input modules
have been designed to be self-calibrating and self-compensating and are able to be
configured for a variety of thermocouple types.

Resistance temperature detectors (RTDs)

Resistance temperature devices, known as RTDs, are constructed by winding

a fine metal wire around a glass or ceramic cylinder, then a coating of glass or
ceramic is applied to insulate the coil. RTDs function on the principle that as the
sensing element is heated, the resistance of the metal wire increases proportionally.
RTDs are commonly made with copper, nickel, or nickel-iron, but platinum RTDs are
the most linear, repeatable, and stable. The resistance is almost a linear function
of temperature for very pure platinum, which is the primary reason for this metals
pervasiveness in RTDs.

RTDs are calibrated to exhibit a resistance of 100 at 0C. Their resistance

at other temperatures depends on the value of the mean slope of the metals
resistance-temperature plot, known as the constant alpha. Alpha is dependent upon
the platinums purity. Although RTDs are fairly linear, advanced RTD input devices
use software with curve fitting and software processing to increase their accuracy at
higher temperatures.

Thermistors:
Thermistors, like RTDs, vary their resistance as the ambient temperature is
changed. Unlike RTDs, which use pure metals, the material used in a thermistor is
generally a ceramic or polymer. Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors
will

show

an

increase

of

negative temperature coefficient

resistance
(NTC)

with

increasing temperature,

thermistors

will

show

while

decrease

of

resistance with increasing of temperature. Comprised of a metal oxide ceramic

semiconductor sensing element, thermistors are notorious for their non-linearity,
which engineers often dampen by implementing pairs of offsetting thermistors,
providing a more linear output. These temperature dependent resistors are highly
sensitive to temperature change. Thermistors vary their resistance about -4.4% at
25C when heated by one degree Celsius (Ogden, 2000). Since thermistors are

resistive devices, in operation an electrical current is passed through the sensor.

Some of this electricity is converted into heat, which may cause slightly higher than
ambient temperature readings. Thermistors can operate without significant error
with long lead wires, because of their high base resistance. Thus they can be
installed at long distances, upwards of one hundred metres, from the input module.
Thermistor resistances are non-standardized and vary from 100 to 1,000,000 at
25C (Ogden, 2000).
Temperature-transducer ICs:
Semiconductor temperature sensors are produced in the form of ICs. Their
design results from the fact that semiconductor diodes have temperature-sensitive
voltage vs. current characteristics. When two identical transistors are operated at a
constant ratio of collector current densities, the difference in base-emitter voltages
is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
The

use

of

IC temperature sensors

is

limited

to

applications

where

the temperature is within a 55 to 150C range. The measurement range of

IC temperature sensors may be small compared to that of thermocouples and RTDs,
but they have several advantages: they are small, accurate, and inexpensive.

Temperature sensing ICs are available either in analog form, which output a
voltage or current which is proportional to the temperature, or digital, which
communicate temperature over a digital communication line, such as one-wire
PWM, two-wire I2C, or a multiple wire SPI connection.

Projects That Use Temperature Sensors

The Sonic City project developed a wearable system that creates music based
on data from sensors measuring bodily and environmental factors. This includes
environmental temperature measurements. A video summarizing the project is

linked to in the media section below, and Viktoria site for the project has a more
detailed description.
Sound Kitchen includes temperature sensors and uses voltage changes in liquids to
create music. The liquids include wine, soda and other items you might find in a
kitchen, and the over all aesthetic connects strongly with cooking.

Comparison of temperature sensor types

The following table offers a comparison of the different characteristics of the various
temperature sensor types.

Characteri
stic
Active
Material
Changing
Parameter
Temperatu
re Range

Platinum RTD

Thermocouple

Metal Oxide

Two Dissimilar

Silicon

Ceramic

Metals

Transistors

Resistance

Resistance

Voltage

-200C to 500C

-40C to 260C

-270C to 1750C

40 mV/C

0.05 mV/C

-45 to 100C:

-45 to 100C:

0 to 275C: 1.5 C

0.5C; 100 to

0.5C;

to 4C; 275 to

Platinum Wire

Sensitivity 2 mv/C

Accuracy

Temperatur

Thermistor

500C: 1.5C; 500 degrades rapidly 1260C: 0.5 to

e IC

Voltage or
Current
-55C to
150C
~1 mv/C or
~1 uA/C

2 C

to 1200C: 3C

over 100C

Excellent

Logarithmic, PoorModerate

2-5 s

1-2 s

2-5 s

Excellent

Moderate

Poor

Excellent

Base Value 100 to 2 k

1 k to 1 M

< 10 mV

Various

Noise

Low

High

High

Linearity
Response
Time
Stability

Susceptibil

Low

0.75%
Excellent

ity
Drift

+/- 0.01% for 5

+/- 0.2 to 0.5F

years

per year

1 to 2F per year

0.1C per
month

Special
Requireme Lead Compensation Linearization

Reference Junction None

nts
Device
Cost

$60 - $215

$10 - $350

$20 - $235

Moderate

Low to Moderate Moderate

$5 - $50

Relative
System
Cost

Relays

Low

A relay is an electrically controllable switch widely used in industrial controls, automobiles

and appliances.
The relay allows the isolation of two separate sections of a system with two different voltage
sources i.e., a small amount of voltage/current on one side can handle a large amount of
voltage/current on the other side but there is no chance that these two voltages mix up.

Inductor

Fig: Circuit symbol of a relay

Operation:
When a current flow through the coil, a magnetic field is created around the coil i.e., the
coil is energized. This causes the armature to be attracted to the coil. The armatures
contact acts like a switch and closes or opens the circuit. When the coil is not energized, a
spring pulls the armature to its normal state of open or closed. There are all types of
relays for all kinds of applications.

Fig: Relay Operation and use of protection diodes

Transistors and ICs must be protected from the brief high voltage 'spike' produced when the
relay coil is switched off. The above diagram shows how a signal diode (eg 1N4148) is
connected across the relay coil to provide this protection. The diode is connected 'backwards' so
that it will normally not conduct. Conduction occurs only when the relay coil is switched off, at
this moment the current tries to flow continuously through the coil and it is safely diverted
through the diode. Without the diode no current could flow and the coil would produce a
damaging high voltage 'spike' in its attempt to keep the current flowing.
In choosing a relay, the following characteristics need to be considered:
1. The contacts can be normally open (NO) or normally closed (NC). In the NC type, the
contacts are closed when the coil is not energized. In the NO type, the contacts are closed when
the coil is energized.
2. There can be one or more contacts. i.e., different types like SPST (single pole single throw),
SPDT (single pole double throw) and DPDT (double pole double throw) relay.
3. The voltage and current required to energize the coil. The voltage can vary from a few volts to
50 volts, while the current can be from a few milliamps to 20milliamps. The relay has a

minimum voltage, below which the coil will not be energized. This minimum voltage is called
the pull-in voltage.
4. The minimum DC/AC voltage and current that can be handled by the contacts. This is in the
range of a few volts to hundreds of volts, while the current can be from a few amps to 40A or
more, depending on the relay.
A relay is used to isolate one electrical circuit from another. It allows a low current control circuit to make
or break an electrically isolated high current circuit path. The basic relay consists of a coil and a set of
contacts. The most common relay coil is a length of magnet wire wrapped around a metal core. When
voltage is applied to the coil, current passes through the wire and creates a magnetic field. This magnetic
field pulls the contacts together and holds them there until the current flow in the coil has stopped. The
diagram below shows the parts of a simple relay.

Figure: Relay
Operation:
When a current flows through the coil, the resulting magnetic field attracts an armature that is
mechanically linked to a moving contact. The movement either makes or breaks a connection with a fixed
contact. When the current is switched off, the armature is usually returned by a spring to its resting
position shown in figure 6.6(b). Latching relays exist that require operation of a second coil to reset the
contact position.
By analogy with the functions of the original electromagnetic device, a solid-state relay operates a
thyristor or other solid-state switching device with a transformer or light-emitting diode to trigger it.
Pole and throw

SPST
SPST relay stands for Single Pole Single Throw relay. Current will only flow through the contacts when
the relay coil is energized.

Figure: SPST Relay

SPDT Relay
SPDT Relay stands for Single Pole Double Throw relay. Current will flow between the movable contact
and one fixed contact when the coil is De-energized and between the movable contact and the alternate
fixed contact when the relay coil is energized. The most commonly used relay in car audio, the Bosch
relay, is a SPDT relay.

Figure: SPDT Relay

DPST Relay
DPST relay stands for Double Pole Single Throw relay. When the relay coil is energized, two separate
and electrically isolated sets of contacts are pulled down to make contact with their stationary
counterparts. There is no complete circuit path when the relay is De-energized.

Figure: DPST Relay

DPDT Relay
DPDT relay stands for Double Pole Double Throw relay. It operates like the SPDT relay but has twice as
many contacts. There are two completely isolated sets of contacts.

Figure: DPDT Relay

This is a 4 Pole Double Throw relay. It operates like the SPDT relay but it has 4 sets of isolated contacts.

Figure: 4 Pole Double Throw relay

6.1 ABOUT KEIL SOFTWARE

Softwares used are:
*Keil software for c programming
*Express PCB for lay out design
*Express SCH for schematic design
What's New in Vision4?
Vision3 adds many new features to the Editor like Text Templates, Quick
Function Navigation, and Syntax Coloring with brace high lighting Configuration
Wizard for dialog based startup and debugger setup. Vision3 is fully compatible
to Vision4 and can be used in parallel with Vision4.
What is Vision4?
Vision3 is an IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that helps you write,
compile, and debug embedded programs. It encapsulates the following
components:
A project manager.
A make facility.
Tool configuration.
Editor.
A powerful debugger.
To help you get started, several example programs (located in the
\C51\Examples, \C251\Examples, \C166\Examples, and \ARM\...\Examples) are
provided.

 HELLO is a simple program that prints the string "Hello World" using the
Serial Interface.
MEASURE is a data acquisition system for analog and digital systems.
TRAFFIC is a traffic light controller with the RTX Tiny operating system.
SIEVE is the SIEVE Benchmark.
DHRY is the Dhrystone Benchmark.
WHETS is the Single-Precision Whetstone Benchmark.
Additional example programs not listed here are provided for each device
architecture.
Building an Application in Vision4
To build (compile, assemble, and link) an application in Vision4, you must:
1. Select Project -(forexample,166\EXAMPLES\HELLO\HELLO.UV4).
2. Select Project - Rebuild all target files or Build target.
Vision4 compiles, assembles, and links the files in your project.

ADVANTAGES:

Low Budget electricity production

Less floor area
Simple circuit.
Easy maintenance

APPLICATIONS:

Home appliances.
Offices, banks.
Educational institutions.
Industrial appliances.