INTRODUCTION

This project is about fabrication of a dual powered outdoor vacuum cleaner, in which we
will have a suction pump run by a dc motor. The outlet of the pump will be connected to a bin
to hold the litter. The power to the dc motor will be provided by a battery, which will be charged
by the solar panels mounted on top of the device. Provision is given to charge the battery in
adverse conditions by electricity. The complete unit will be mounted on a trolley for easy
movement. By this technology, the use of engines run by fuel for the same purpose can be
eliminated as fuel is one depleting source of energy and the price of fuel in the recent years is an
increasing curve on the graph, which is still increasing further. This device can be used in places
like school, hospital, compounds, railway stations, bus stand and in lawns to carry away fallen
leaves. This project is an attempt to clean the environment at a faster rate and by cost effective
means.

Product Definition
Vacuum cleaners (VCs) are made in a variety of shapes and sizes for domestic and commercial
useand for different applications. Generally, a vacuum cleaner can be defined as An
electricallyoperated appliance that removes soiled material (dust, fiber, threads) from the
surface to be cleanedby airflow created by a vacuum developed within the unit by an
electrically powered vacuumgenerator or fan. The material thus removed is separated and stored
in the appliance and the cleanedsuction air is returned to the ambient.

Scope
Multi-use Vacuum For Outdoor Hard Surfaces or Turf
Great for quick clean-up of parking lots, playgrounds, airport ramps and more.

 Household and similar use vacuum cleaners of all types found in homes, offices,
hospitals, hotels and shops.

Ideal For:

Condo/Apartment Complexes
Schools
Hospitals
Shopping Centres/Malls
Athletics Complexes
Stadiums/Arenas
Garages
Campgrounds

Scope of the study

Functionality the function of a vacuum cleaner is to remove soiled material (dust,
fiber,threads) from a surface to be cleaned by an airflow created by a vacuum developed within
theunit by an electrically powered vacuum generator or fan.
End use (domestic / commercial) this study focuses on products designed
fordomestic/household

use

and

similar

usage

by

laymen

in

commercial

or

institutionalenvironment such as shops, hospitals, offices and hotels, for removal of settled dust
oncarpets and dry hard floors. Because of their specialist application, it is not sensible to
includeindustrial vacuum cleaners used, for example, on construction sites or in factories.

Evolution of vacuum cleaner

 Daniel Hess
Daniel Hess of West Union, Iowa invented a vacuum cleaner in 1860, calling it a carpet
sweeper instead of a vacuum cleaner. His machine did, in fact, have a rotating brush like a
traditional carpet sweeperand possessed an elaborate bellows mechanism on top of the body to
generate suction of dust and dirt. Hess received a patent (US No. 29.077) for his invention of
the vacuum cleaner on July 10, 1860.

Ives W. McGaffey
The first manually powered cleaner using vacuum principle was the "Whirlwind",
invented in Chicago in 1868 by Ives W. McGaffey. The machine was lightweight and compact,
but was difficult to operate because of the need to turn a hand crank at the same time as pushing
it across the floor. McGaffey enlisted the help of The American Carpet Cleaning Co. of Boston
to market it to the public. It was sold for $25. It is hard to determine how successful the
Whirlwind was, as most of them were sold in Chicago and Boston, and it is likely that many
were lost in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Only two are known to have survived, one of
which can be found in the Hoover Historical Center. McGaffey was but one of many 19thcentury inventors in the United States and Europe who devised manual vacuum cleaners. He
obtained a patent (US No. 91,145) on June 8, 1869.

Melville Bissell
In 1876, Melville R. Bissell of Grand Rapids, Michigan created a push-powered carpet
sweeper for his wife, Anna Sutherland Bissell, to clean up sawdust in carpeting. Shortly
after, Bissell Carpet Sweepers were born. After Melville died unexpectedly in 1889, Anna took
control of the company and became one of the most powerful business-women of the day. The
company later added portable vacuum cleaners to its line of cleaning tools.

John S. Thurman

On November 14, 1898, John S. Thurman of St. Louis, Missouri, submitted a patent (US
No. 634,042) for a "pneumatic carpet renovator". It was issued on October 3, 1899. Thurman
created a gasoline-powered carpet cleaner for the General Compressed Air Company. In a
newspaper advertisement from the St. Louis Dispatch, Thurman offered his invention of the
horse drawn (which went door to door) motorized cleaning system in St. Louis. He offered
cleaning services at $4 per visit. By 1906, Thurman was offering built-in central cleaning
systems that used compressed air, yet featured no dust collection. Thurman's machine is
sometimes considered the first vacuum cleaner. However, the dust was blown into a receptacle
rather than being sucked in, as in the machine now used. In later patent litigation,
Judge Augustus Hand ruled that Thurman "does not appear to have attempted to design a
vacuum cleaner or to have understood the process of vacuum cleaning".

Recent developments
In 2004, a British company released Airider, a hovering vacuum cleaner that floats on a
cushion of air. It has claimed to be lightweight and easier to maneuver (compared to using
wheels), although it is not the first vacuum cleaner to do this, the Hoover Constellation predated
it by at least 35 years.
A British inventor has developed a new cleaning technology known as Air Recycling
Technology, which instead of using a vacuum uses an air stream to collect dust from the
carpet. This technology was tested by the Market Transformation Program (MTP) and shown to
be more energy efficient than the vacuum method. Although working prototypes exist, Air
Recycling Technology is not currently used in any production cleaner.

Modern configurations

A wide variety of technologies, designs, and configurations are available for both
domestic and commercial cleaning jobs.

Upright
Upright vacuum cleaners are common in the US, Britain and several Commonwealth countries,
but very unusual in Continental Europe. They take the form of a cleaning head, onto which a
handle and bag are attached. Upright designs usually employ a rotating brushroll or beater bar,
which removes dirt through a combination of sweeping and vibration. There are two types of
upright vacuums; dirty-air/direct fan (found mostly on commercial vacuums), or clean-air/fanbypass (found on most of today's domestic vacuums).
The older of the two designs, direct-fan cleaners have a large impeller (fan) mounted close to
the suction opening, through which the dirt passes directly, before being blown into a bag. A
separate cooling fan often cools the motor. Because of their large-bladed fans, and
comparatively short air paths, direct-fan cleaners create a very efficient airflow from a low
amount of power, and make great carpet cleaners. Their "above-floor" cleaning power is less
efficient, since the airflow is lost when it passes through a long hose, and the fan has been
optimized for airflow volume and not suction.

Cylinder
Cylinder models (in the US also often called canister models) dominate the European
market. They have the motor and dust collector (using a bag or bag less) in a separate unit,
usually mounted on wheels, which is connected to the vacuum head by a flexible hose. Their
main advantage is flexibility, as you can attach different heads for different tasks, and
maneuverability (the head can reach under furniture and makes it very easy to vacuum stairs
and vertical surfaces. Many cylinder models have power heads, as standard or add-on
equipment, which contain the same sort of mechanical beaters as in upright units, making them
as efficient on carpets as upright models. A separate electric motor or a turbine, which uses the
suction power to spin the brush roll via a drive belt, drives such beaters.

 Drum
Drum or shop vacuum models are essentially heavy-duty
industrial versions of cylinder vacuum cleaners, where the
cylinder consists of a large vertically positioned drum, which
can be stationary or on wheels. Smaller versions, for use in
garages or small workshops, are usually electrically powered.
Larger models, which can store over 200 litres,are often hooked
up to compressed air, utilizing the Venturi effect to produce a partial vacuum.

Wet/Dry
Wet or wet/dry vacuum cleaners are a specialized form of the cylinder/drum models that
can be used to clean up wet or liquid spills. They commonly can accommodate both wet and dry
soil age; some are also equipped with a switch or exhaust port for reversing the airflow, a useful
function for everything from clearing a clogged hose to blowing dust into a corner for easy
collection.

Pneumatic
Pneumatic or pneumatic wet/dry vacuum cleaners are a specialized form of wet/dry
models that hook up to compressed air. They commonly can accommodate both wet and dry
soil age, a useful feature in industrial plants and manufacturing facilities.

Backpack
Backpack vacuum cleaners are commonly used for commercial cleaning: they allow the
user to move rapidly about a large area. They are essentially
cylinder vacuum cleaners strapped on the user's back.

Hand-held

Lightweight hand-held vacuum cleaners, either powered from rechargeable batteries or

mains power, are also popular for cleaning up smaller spills. Frequently seen examples include
the Black & Decker DustBuster, introduced in 1979, and the various hand-held models
from Dirt Devil, first introduced in 1984. Some battery-powered handheld vacuums are wet/dry
rated; the appliance must be partially disassembled and cleaned after picking up wet materials,
to avoid developing unpleasant odors.

Robotic
In early 1999/2000, several companies developed robotic vacuum cleaners, a form of carpet
sweeper,

usually

equipped

with

limited

suction

power.

are Roomba, Robomaxx, Intellibot, Trilobite, FloorBot and Dyson.

Some
These

examples
machines

move autonomously, usually in a mostly chaotic pattern

("random bounce") across a floor, collecting surface dust

and

debris into a dustbin. They usually can navigate around

furniture and come back to a docking station to charge their
batteries, and a few are able to empty their dust containers
the dock as well.

MATERIALS USED
1. ONE 2 LITRE PLASTIC BOTTLE
2. ONE CYLENDRICAL IRON BOX
3. ONE PLASTIC PIPE

into

4. ONE D.C MOTOR

5. TWO SIDED TAPE
6. ONE FAN
7. TWO BATTERIES
8. WIRE
9. SEPARATION CLOTH & ETC.

WORKING OF MODEL
In this project,a dc motor will run suction pump; the outlet of the pump will be connected
to a bin, which will hold the litter. The power to the dc motor will be provided by a battery,
which will be charged by the solar panels mounted on top of the device. Provision is done to
charge the battery in adverse conditions by electricity. The complete unit will be mounted on a
trolley for easy movement. By this technology, the use of engines run by fuel for the same
purpose can be eliminated as fuel is one depleting source of energy and the price of fuel in the
recent years is an increasing curve on the graph, which is still increasing further. This device
can be used in places like school, hospital, compounds, railway stations, bus stand, where

people tend to throw litter wastes and this device can be used in lawns to carry away fallen
leaves. This project is an attempt to clean the environment at a faster rate and by cost effective
means.

Specifications Of Vacuum Cleaner

The performance of a vacuum cleaner can be measured by several parameters:

Airflow, in litres per second [l/s] or cubic feet per minute (CFM or ft/min)

Air speed, in meters per second [m/s] or miles per hour [mph]

Suction, vacuum, or water lift, in Pascals [Pa] or inches of water

Other specifications of a vacuum cleaner are:

Weight, in kilograms [kg] or pounds [lb]

Noise, in decibels [dB]

CONCLUSION
The vacuum cleaner evolved from
the carpet sweeper via manual vacuum
cleaners. With help of vacuum cleaner
we are enable to clean our surface as

well as goods in lesser time and in a

great job.
Vacuum

cleaner

is

eco-friendly

equipment which helps us to make our

surrounding clean such as our room.
But

it

is

unable

to

clean

whole

surrounding in an open place.

Vacuum cleaner is a great deal of
physics to make our surrounding free
from dust.