4

Appendix

4.1 Statistical details:

Multiple regression model was used in this project. The explanatory variable sex is binary variable, while
the BMI is continuous variable. The fitted model can be expressed as follow:
yi = 0 + 1 x1i + 2 x2i + i

(1)

In order to find the equation of the prediction line, we can calculate the estimated slope 1 and estimated
intercept 0 that minimize the total squared prediction error.
T test was used to test whether each coefficient is 0. The test statistic is :
T =

j
tnk+1
sj

(2)

1
2
2
(x

j ) (1 Rj )
i ij

(3)

where
s
sj = s

The rejection region is at significant level = 0.05, therefore, we can conclude the variable is statistical
signifiant predicting the blood glucose level when P (|T | > tobs ) < 0.05.
F test was used to examine whether the model is significant, that is, at least one of the s is not 0.
The test statistic is :
P
M S(reg)
(
y y)2 /k
F =
=P
Fk,nk1
(4)
M S(res)
(yi yi )2 /(n (k + 1))
If fobs > Fk,nk1,=0.05 , we can conclude that the model significantly explained the variance of the
outcome variable.
4.2 R code used for the project
Please see computing project.R

Figures:

30

40

50

60

70

1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

AID

0.01

0.01

0.06

0.00

70

6e+07

0.01

8e+07

1e+08

20

GLUCOSE

1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

40

80

-0.16

120

160

20

30

40

50

60

H4BMI

BIO_SEX4

6e+07

8e+07

1e+08

40

80

120

160

Figure 1: paired scatterplot for examined variables

Normal Q-Q Plot residuals

2
0

Sample Quantiles

120
100

-2

80
60

-4

40

Sample Quantiles

140

160

Normal Q-Q Plot glucose

-2

-2

Theoretical Quantiles

Theoretical Quantiles

Figure 2: Q-Q plot for blood glucose level and residuals