Reproduction and Human Development Test Unit 2

9.1 Examine the process of and influences on the transfer of genetic

information and the impact of that understanding on society past and present.
Section 1A Vocabulary (5 marks)

Match the definitions on the left with the terms on the right.
____ 1. genotypes made of the same alleles
____ 2. different forms of genes for a single trait
____ 3. gene that is always expressed

A. alleles
B. dominant
C. heterozygous

____ 4. gene that is expressed only in the homozygous state D. homozygous

____ 5. genotypes made of two different alleles

E. recessive

Section 1B Fill in the blank; Watson and Crick, genes, double helix, nucleic
acid, ribosomes (5 marks)
6. DNA is called a _________________ because it was first found in the nucleus.
7. Chromosomes are composed of ___________, which is a segment of DNA that codes
for a particular protein, which in turn codes for a trait.
8. The shape of the DNA is a ____________________.
9. _____________ make the proteins for the cell.
10.____________________ established the structure of DNA.
Section 1C Short Answer; Answer 2 out of 3 questions (4 marks)
1.

What is a genetic disorder? Give an example.

2. What are the sides of the DNA ladder composed of?

3. How can someones environment affect their traits? Give an example.

Section 1D Punnett Square (6 marks)

In humans, free-ear lobes are dominant to attached ear lobes.
Two parents that are both heterozygous free are expecting a child. What are the chances
that the child will have free or attached ear lobes?
Figure out the phenotypes and genotypes of their possibilities by using a Punnett Square.
Key:

Parents:
Female
Male

Possibilities
Genotypes:

Phenotypes:

9.2 Observe and describe the significance of cellular reproductive processes,

including mitosis and meiosis
Section 2A Meiosis Matching (8 marks)
Match up the following terms on the left with the definition on the right. Put the correct letter in the
space provided.
____

1. Prophase I

a. Homologous chromosome pairs move to

the middle of the cell

____

2. Metaphase I

b. Chromosomes line up in the middle of the

cell in single file

____

3. Anaphase I

c. Homologous chromosome pairs move

apart from each other using spindles

____

4. Telophase I

d.

Chromosomes are split up as individual

chromatids move apart from each other

____

5. Prophase II

e.

Chromosomes uncoil, nuclear membrane

reforms and cell splits into TWO

____

6. Metaphase II

f.

Chromosomes uncoil, nuclear membrane

reforms and cell splits into FOUR

____

7. Anaphase II

g.

Chromosomes coil and become visible,

spindle forms and crossing over occurs

____

8. Telophase II

h. Nuclear envelope breaks down, spindle

forms and nuclear membrane disappears

Section 2B Mitosis Making (4 marks)

Using the circles provided please illustrate the events of the four stages of mitosis. Be sure to
label each stage in the box provided below the circle

Section 2C Multiple Choice (8marks)

_____ 1. New body cells are produced by the process of.
a) reproduction
b) fertilization
c) meiosis
d) mitosis

_____ 2. Mitosis consists of 4 stages of cell division, the correct order of mitosis is:
a) telophase anaphase metaphase prophase
b) anaphase metaphase prophase telophase
c) metaphase prophase telophase anaphase
d) prophase metaphase anaphase telophase

_____ 3. Mitosis occurs when

a) a body cell makes as exact duplicate of itself
b) gametes are produced in the ovaries or testes
c) sperm and eggs are produced
d) a zygote is produced

_____ 4. Meiosis occurs when

a) skin cells are replaced
b) a zygote is formed
c) asexual reproduction takes place
d) sperm and egg cells are produced

_____ 5. Crossing over occurs in which of the following phases of Meiosis?

a) Prophase II
b) Prophase I
c) Metaphase I
d) Interphase

____ 6. Cells perform interphase ____ % of the time

a)
b)
c)
d)

90
50
20
10

____ 7. Apoptosis is when:

a)
b)
c)
d)

A cell
A cell
A cell
A cell

begins to replicate
misses a checkpoint
destroys itself
splits into two

____ 8. Anaphase is the ____ step in mitosis

a)
b)
c)
d)

1st
2nd
3rd
4th

9.3 Describe the processes and implications of sexual and asexual

reproduction in plants and animals.
Section 3A Short Answer; (10 marks)
1.

Describe sexual reproduction in plants and give an example. (2 marks)

2. Describe asexual reproduction in plants and give an example. (2 marks)

3. Choose a method of sexual or asexual reproduction in plants.

a. Give a simple explanation of the method (2 marks)

b. Do a step by step process of that method (4 marks)

Section 3B Multiple Choice (10 marks)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

What is referred to as gametes?

a) Body cells
b) Sperm and egg cells
c) Gamers
d) Zygote
What are the two main types of reproduction in animals?
a) Asexual and sexual reproduction
b) Hermaphroditic self-fertilization and hermaphroditic crossfertilization
c) External cross-fertilization and sexual reproduction
d) Parthenogenesis and asexual reproduction
What is an example of an animal that reproduces through hermaphroditic
self-fertilization?
a) Snails
b) Earthworms
c) Mammals
d) Tapeworms
What is an example of an animal that reproduces through hermaphroditic
cross-fertilization?
a) Internal parasites
b) Mammals
c) Earthworms
d) Most species of amphibians
How does external cross-fertilization work?
a) Eggs are shed from the female into an aquatic environment
b) When two gametes are fuzed together from the same
hermaphroditic individual
c) Form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism
develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one
particular site.
d) The offspring produced are full clones of their mother.
What is an example of an animal that reproduces through internal crossfertilization?
a) Slugs
b) Most mammals
c) Most species of fish
d) Most species of amphibians
What is an example of an animal that reproduces through external crossfertilization?
a) Earthworms
b) Snails
c) Internal parasites
d) Most species of amphibians
What is an example of an animal that reproduces through parthenogenesis?
a) Some vertebrates
b) Sponges
c) Hydra
d) Coral
What is an example of an animal that reproduces through budding?

a) Mammals
b) sponges
c) Amphibians
d) fish
10.How does budding work?
a) A form of asexual reproduction in which growth and development of
embryos occur without fertilization
b) Form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an
outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site
c) Mature egg cells are produced by mitotic divisions, and these cells directly
develop into embryos
d) Eggs are shed from the female into an aquatic environment

9.4 Analyze the process of human reproduction

Section 4A Diagram (7 marks)

Section 4B Matching (14 marks)

____ 1. Testes

a.

Narrow connecting tube

____ 2. Epididymis
____ 3. Vas deferens

____ 4. Seminal Vesicles

____ 5. Prostate gland
____ 6. Ovaries
____ 7. Fallopian Tube
____ 8. Uterus

____ 9. Endometrium
____ 10. Cervix
____ 11. Urethra
____ 12. Vulva
____ 13. Vagina
____ 14. Penis

b. Lining for the uterus

c. Hollow muscular organ
responsible for the development
of the embryo and fetus
d. Tubes connecting to the uterus
e. Responsible for the hormone and
ovum production
f. Secretes fluid that nourishes and
protects sperm
g. Responsible for sperm
production
h. Muscular tube that carries sperm
from the epididymis to the
ejaculatory duct
i. Tubes that carry sperm from the
testes to the vas deferens
j. Small sacs that store seminal
fluid
k. Elastic muscular tube connecting
the cervix to the vulva
l. The outer part of the female
genitalia
m. Urinary canal
n. External excretory and sex organ