Formule trigonometrice

a
b
a
b
1. sin = ; cos = ; tg = ; ctg = ;
c
c
b
a
(a, b - catetele, c - ipotenuza triunghiului dreptunghic, - unghiul, opus catetei a).
2. tg =

sin
;
cos

ctg =

cos
.
sin

3. tg ctg = 1.


4. sin
= cos ;
2


sin( ) = sin .

5. cos
= sin ;
2


6. tg
= ctg ;
2
7. sec

cos( ) = cos .


ctg
= tg .
2

= cosec ;
2

cosec

= sec .
2

8. sin2 + cos2 = 1.
9. 1 + tg2 = sec2 .
10. 1 + ctg2 = cosec2 .
11. sin( ) = sin cos sin cos .
12. cos( ) = cos cos sin sin .
13. tg( ) =

tg tg
.
1 tg tg

14. ctg( ) =

ctg ctg 1
.
ctg ctg

15. sin 2 = 2 sin cos .

16. cos 2 = cos2 sin2 .
17. tg 2 =

2 tg
.
1 tg2

18. ctg 2 =

ctg2 1
.
2 ctg

19. sin 3 = 3 sin 4 sin3 .

20. cos 3 = 4 cos3 3 cos .
0

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21.

22.

23.



sin




cos



tg


24. tg
25.


=
2



=
2



=
2

1 cos
.
2

1 + cos
.
2

1 cos
.
1 + cos

sin
1 cos
=
=
.
2
1 + cos
sin



ctg



=
2

1 + cos
.
1 cos

sin
1 + cos
=
=
.
2
1 cos
sin

27. 1 + cos = 2 cos2 .

2

28. 1 cos = 2 sin2 .

2
26. ctg

29. sin sin = 2 sin

cos
.
2
2

30. cos + cos = 2 cos

+
cos
.
2
2

31. cos cos = 2 sin

32. tg tg =

sin
.
2
2

sin( )
.
cos cos

33. ctg ctg =

sin( )
.
sin sin

1
34. sin sin = [cos( ) cos( + )].
2
1
35. sin cos = [sin( + ) + sin( )].
2
1
36. cos cos = [cos( + ) + cos( )].
2
0

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37. Ecuatii trigonometrice elementare:

sin x = a, |a| 1; x = (1)n arcsin a + n;

cos x = a, |a| 1; x = arccos a + 2n;

tg x = a, x = arctg a + n;

ctg x = a, x = arcctg a + n

, |x| 1.
2

39. arctg x + arcctg x = .

2

40. arcsec x + arccosec x = , |x| 1.

2

n Z.

38. arcsin x + arccos x =

41. sin(arcsin x) = x,

x [1; +1].


42. arcsin(sin x) = x,

x ;
.
2 2

43. cos(arccos x) = x,

x [1; +1].

44. arccos(cos x) = x,

x [0; ].

45. tg(arctg x) = x,
46. arctg(tg x) = x,

x R.


x ;
.
2 2

47. ctg(arcctg x) = x,

x R.

48. arcctg(ctg x) = x,

x (0; ).

1 x2
x
2
49. arcsin x = arccos 1 x = arctg
=
arcctg
,
x
1 x2

1 x2
x
2
50. arccos x = arcsin 1 x = arctg
= arcctg
,
x
1 x2
x
1
1
51. arctg x = arcsin
= arccos
= arcctg ,
2
2
x
1+x
1+x

0 < x < 1.

0 < x < 1.

0 < x < +.

1
x
1
= arccos
= arctg , 0 < x < +.
2
2
x
1+x
1+x

daca xy 0 sau x2 + y 2 1;
arcsin(x 1 y 2 + y 1 x2 ),

53. arcsin x+arcsin y =

arcsin(x 1 y 2 + y 1 x2 ),
daca x > 0, y > 0 si x2 + y 2 > 1;

arcsin(x 1 y 2 + y 1 x2 ), daca x < 0, y < 0 si x2 + y 2 > 1.

52. arcctg x = arcsin

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54. arcsin xarcsin y =

arcsin(x 1 y 2 y 1 x2 ),
daca xy 0 sau x2 + y 2 1;

arcsin(x 1 y 2 y 1 x2 ),
daca x > 0, y < 0 si x2 + y 2 > 1;

arcsin(x 1 y 2 y 1 x2 ), daca x < 0, y > 0 si x2 + y 2 > 1.

2
2
daca x + y 0;
arccos(xy (1 x )(1 y )),
55. arccos x + arccos y =
q
2 arccos(xy (1 x2 )(1 y 2 )), daca x + y < 0.

arccos(xy + (1 x2 )(1 y 2 )), daca x y;

56. arccos x arccos y =
q

daca x < y.
arccos(xy + (1 x2 )(1 y 2 )),

57. arctg x + arctg y =

x+y
,
daca xy < 1;
1 xy
x+y
+ arctg
,
daca x > 0 si xy > 1;
1 xy
x+y
+ arctg
, daca x < 0 si xy > 1.
1 xy
arctg

xy
,
daca xy > 1;
1 + xy
xy
,
daca x > 0 si xy < 1;
58. arctg x arctg y = + arctg
1 + xy
xy
+ arctg
, daca x < 0 si xy < 1.
1 + xy

2
2
arcsin(2x 1 x ),
daca |x|
;

2
59. 2 arcsin x =
arcsin(2x 1 x2 ),
daca
< x 1;

2
arcsin(2x 1 x2 ), daca 1 x <
.
2

60. 2 arccos x =

61. 2 arctg x =

arctg

arccos(2x2 1)

cand 0 x 1;

2 arccos(2x2 1) cand 1 x < 0.

2x
,
daca |x| < 1;
1 x2
2x
+ arctg
,
daca x > 1;
1 x2
2x
, daca x < 1.
+ arctg
1 x2

arctg

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1
62. arcsin x =

1 x2
,
daca 0 x 1;
arcsin
2
s

1 1 x2
arcsin
, daca 1 x < 0.
2

64.

1
arctg x =

1+x
, daca 1 x 1.
2

1 + x2 1
arctg
, daca x 6= 0;
x
0, daca x = 0.

1
63. arccos x = arccos
2

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