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eHow Hobbies, Games & Toys Science & Nature Science Why Is Sodium Used in DNA Extraction?
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Sodium as a Detergent
Sodium is an element. It's chemical symbol is Na for Natrium, the Latin word for sodium. It
is a positive ion and often associates with negative ions as part of useful compounds. For
example, when sodium ions are bound to chloride ions, they make the compound sodium
chloride, which is ordinary table salt.
Several different forms of sodium are used in DNA extraction. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, or
SDS. is a sodium-containing detergent. It has the chemical formula of C12H25NaO4S, where
the Na stands for sodium. Detergents are used to break down cell walls and membranes.
They work by chemically poking holes in the cell membranes or walls.
Once holes are poked in the membranes, the membranes can be further disrupted
mechanically, as with a blender. After that, it is easier to get the contents of the cell out,
including the DNA.
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DNA from the renatured, zipped-up plasmid DNA, sodium acetate is used to selectively
precipitate the chromosomal DNA and other cellular debris away from the desired doublestranded plasmid DNA.
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References
Microbial Life Educational Resources: DNA Extraction
Evaluation of Different Methods of DNA Extraction
Merriam-Webster Online: Definition of Sodium
ChemIndustry.com: IUPAC Name for SDS
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