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RAM Concept
Jim Trenerry
MIEAust CPEng
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Capabilities
Analysis and design of concrete floors
reinforced
post-tensioned
hybrid mix of RC and PT
Suspended floors
flat plates
flat slabs
beam and one-way slabs
two-way beam and slab
ribbed slabs / waffle slabs
any mix of the above
steps: soffit and/or surface
Rafts
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Support Width
Trimming
Orthotropic Behavior
No-torsion beams
Pour strips
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3.10 / 4.0
EC2 Code
Tendon Detailing
Tendon Design
Save Results
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Ch 1 : Introduction
Ch 2 : Looking at the Workspace
Ch 3 : Understanding Layers
Ch 4 Using Plans and Perspectives
Ch 5 Drawing and Editing Objects
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Ch 35 General Tips.
Ch 36 Frequently Asked Questions.
Ch 37 Errors and Warnings.
Ch 38 : RC Slab Tutorial or Ch 40 : PT Flat Plate Tutorial (AS3600); preferably both
Ch 50 : AS3600-2001 Design
Ch 53 Estimating deflections.
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Development lengths
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Restraint forces will generally reduce the P/A and hence increase
the service reinforcement. It usually increases strength
reinforcement too.
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Columns
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Orthotropic properties
The orthotropic properties in Concept allow you to model details such
as half joints and pour strips. This is done by setting the K factors for
axial or bending stiffness.
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Half joints
A half joint is modelled by setting KMs and KFr (or KMr and KFs) to
very low values.
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Half joints
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Walls
It is recommended that intersecting walls are drawn such
that one wall terminates at the centreline of the other (see
following slide)
Walls above behave similarly to beams (see following
slide). If in doubt as to their effect, dont draw them.
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Drawing Walls
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Mx = -152 kNm / m
Mx = -166 kNm / m
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Incompressible
2006 Bentley Systems, Inc.
Compressible
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Post-tensioning
you can specify flat or round duct tendons
tendon forces can be:
assumed as constant, or
calculated based on friction and wedge draw-in losses, and assumed
long-term losses
This is done by drawing live-ends. Tendon extensions will then be
calculated and can be shown on plan
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Design strips
As previously mentioned, design strips (generally) require the most time
and consideration of all the program stages.
The authors recommend that design strips are drawn to reflect the intent
of AS3600:
Flat slabs and plates should have column and middle strips of
appropriate widths
Beam design strip widths should be similar to those in rule 8.8.2
If in doubt, draw a middle strip between beam strips
There should usually be one design strip segment per nominal span,
and sometimes more.
If there is a lot of repetition in the floor, there should be no need to cover
it with design strips. Judgement should save you time.
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Design strips
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Design strips
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Dont
reduce
integrated
M and V
due to
sign
change
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Span width
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Span width
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Span width
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Span width
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Span width
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Span width
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Manual strips
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Manual strips
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Miscellaneous tips
We have created a template (for the purpose of starting a file) that may or may not
suit your needs. You can create your own template with additional plans, materials
and settings that you can use when you start a new file. See section 2.4 of the
manual.
Many tools can be expanded to reveal additional capabilities. See section 2.5.
The Utility tool can save you a lot of time when you need to move and stretch many
objects or control points. See section 5.9.
You can remove trivial results such as small reactions. See section 7.3.
The Left Wall and Right Wall tools can be very useful. See section 15.6.
You can view the percentage of load that is balanced by the post-tensioning within
design strips. See section 26.2.6.
Live load reduction is described in Chapter 42.
The Auditor unlocks the black-box of calculations. See Chapter 28.
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Miscellaneous tips
You can refine the mesh
locally.
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Miscellaneous tips
Deflection
Deflection considerations are often critical in a design.
Chapter 53 Estimating Deflections describes the methods used.
The opening note directs you to the most important sections.
It is recommended that you understand which plots consider cracking, and
which do not.
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Deflection
The manual discusses a methodology for determining the long term
deflection when Live Load is not permanent (and that is the case for most
floors) but it could be updated in view of the LT plot we now have (rather
than discuss manual ECR calcs).
Deflection Example:
Assumptions:
creep factor is 3
25% of Live Load is permanent and the other 75% is transient.
100% of live load has been previously applied and so maximum cracking
has occurred
The long term deflection uses:
effect of maximum cracking
25% of live load modified with creep effect
75% of live load with no creep effect
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Deflection
1) The live load creep factor is 1.5. Dead load creep factor is 3.
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