DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND ORACLE

1. (a) What is a database? Differentiate between a database processing system and a fileprocessing system. Illustrate the difference through suitable example(s).
(b) What is SQL ? Why is it popular ? Explain the purpose of following SQL commands :
(i)

JOIN

(ii) DELETE
(iii) INSERT
(iv) DROP.

2.

What do you mean by database models? What are various database models? Compare
and contrast all these models.

3. Chart the capabilities of Oracle 8 with brief description of each. Is Oracle a complete
RDBMS? Justify your answer.
4. Explain the following terms:
File , Record, Primary Key , Candidate Key ,Database System , Foreign Key , Alternate
Key ,Tuple ,Domain.
5. What is Normalization? Explain successive normalization in designing a relational database
by taking a suitable examples of your choice ?
6. (a)Non-Loss decomposition is an aid to relational database design. Is it true ?If yes, then
justify it through an appropriate example.
(b) What is DBA? Discuss the responsibilities of DBA.

7. Explain the following :

(a) Database Recovery
(b) Triggers in Oracle.

8. (a) What is PL/SQL ? Discuss its important elements as well as its usefulness .
(b)Differentiate between DDL ,DML and DCL .
9. What do you mean by Normalization ? Why it is required ? Explain successive
normalization(1 NF to 5 NF) in designing a relational database by taking a suitable
example .

10.(a) What is database security ? What are the major precaution taken by database
administrator for database security ? Explain.
(b) Illustrate the differences between hierarchical and networks data models .
11. (a) What is RDBMS ? Is Oracle an RDBMS ?Justify your answer.
(b) What are object oriented features of oracle 8.0 ? Illustrate their use .
12. (a) What is Concurrency control ?
management system ?

Discuss how it is managed in a database

(b) Differentiate among DDL , DML and DCL .

13. (a) What is SQL * PLUS ? Outline its capabilities and discuss importance of each through
suitable examples .
(b) Non-Loss decomposition is an aid to relational database design. Is it true ?If yes,
then justify it through an appropriate example.

14.Explain the following

(a) E-R Diagrams
(b) Database Recovery

15.(a) What is PL/SQL ? What is its Structure ? Discuss its important elements as well as its
usefulness .
(b) What is database security ?
What are the major precaution taken by database
administrator for database security ? Explain.
16.(a) What is a database? What are its objectives ? Also discuss its advantages and
disadvantages.
(b) Explain the following terms:
Candidate Key ,Database System , Foreign Key , ,Domain.

17.(a) Explain the structures of database system.

(b) Explain the relationship between fields , records , files and database.
18.(a) Write the features of hierarchical model .
(b) Explain the symbols used in ER diagrams with an example .

19.(a) What are the roles of a DBA ?

(b) What do you understand by 4NF ? Is it an improvement over 3 NF ? Justify .
20.(a) How will you protect your database ?
(b)How is concurrency control of a database done ?
21.(a) What are join methods in SQL PLUS ?
(b) Explain the intersection and minus SQL PLUS operations with examples.
22.(a)What do you understand by tree walking in SQL PLUS ?
(b) How is indexing done in SQLPLUS ?

23.(a) How will you use implicit cursors ?

(b) What is the importance of database triggers ?
24.Write short notes on any two of the following(a) Database Security
(b) DBTG
(c) PL/SQL functions
25.Explain the difference between file-oriented systems and database-orientes system .
26.What are the different levels of database systems?
27.Explain the terms : association, relationship specialization , generalization .
28.What is the roles of a DBA ? Explain.
29.What are object oriented features of oracle 8.0 ?
30.Let C be a certain club , and let relvar R (A, B) be such that the tuple (a, b) appears in R if
and only if a and b are both members of C. What FDs. MVDs and JDs does R satisfy ? What
normal form is it in ?
31.Explain the following example . which type of cursor being used in the example ? Justify
your answer.
Begin

For x in ( select emp-code from emp where emp-code=71) loop

.;
;
End loop;
End;
32.Write short notes on any two of the following(a)Hierarchical Model
(b) views in oracle
(c)PL/SQL packages.

33.How are fields .records ,files and database related ? Explain with an example .
34.What are the advantages and disadvantages of a database management systems?
35.Explain the terms :association ,relationship , specialization ,aggregation.
36.Give any four responsibilities of a DBA ? What are the fallouts if a DBA do not live up to
these responsibilities ?
37.What are the different joint methods available in oracle ? Explain .
38.Let C be a certain club , and let relvar R (A, B) be such that the tuple (a, b) appears in R if
and only if a and b are both members of C. What FDs. MVDs and JDs does R satisfy ? What
normal form is it in ?
39.Explain the following example . which type of cursor being used in the example ? Justify
your answer.
For x in ( select * from emp ) loop
.;
;
End loop;
End;
40.Write short notes on any two of the following(a)ER diagrams
(b) Recovery of database
(c) Database triggers
41.) What is RDBMS ? Is Oracle an RDBMS ?Justify your answer . Also chart the capabilities of
oracle 8 with brief description of each.
42.(a)Non-Loss decomposition is an aid to relational database design. Is it true ?If yes, then
justify it through an appropriate example.
(b)What is DDL ? How it is different from DML and DCL ? illustrate the difference with an
suitable diagrams .
43.(a) What is PL/SQL ? Discuss its important elements as well as its usefulness .
(b) What is DBA? What are the responsibilities of DBA. Discuss.
44.What is Normalization? Explain successive normalization in designing a relational database
by taking a suitable examples of your choice ?

45.Explain the following :

(a) Database Recovery
(b)Triggers in Oracle.

46. What do you mean by database models? What are various database models? Compare
and contrast all these models.

47.(a) Define database? Differentiate between a database processing system and a fileprocessing system. Illustrate the difference through suitable example(s).
(b) What is SQL ? Why it is popular ? Explain the purpose of the following SQL commands :(i) INSERT

(ii) DROP

(iii) JOIN

(iv)DELETE

48.Explain the following terms:

File , Record, Primary Key , Candidate Key ,Database System , Foreign Key , Alternate
Key ,Tuple ,Domain.
49.(a) What is SQL * PLUS ? Outline its capabilities and discuss importance of each through
suitable examples .
50.(b) Explain the following terms:
File , Primary Key , Candidate Key ,Database System , Foreign Key ,Tuple ,Domain.
51.(a) What is Concurrency control ?
management system ?

Discuss how it is managed in a database

(b) What is database security ? What are the major precaution taken by database
administrator for database security ? Explain.
52.(a) What is a database? What are its objectives ? Also discuss its advantages and
disadvantages.
(b) Non-Loss decomposition is an aid to relational database design. Is it true ?If yes,
then justify it through an appropriate example.
53.(a)Illustrate the differences between hierarchical and network data models
54.(b) What is database security ? What are the major precaution taken by database
administrator for database security ? Explain.
55.(a) What is PL/SQL ? What is its Structure ? Discuss its important elements as well as its
usefulness .
(b)Differentiate between DDL ,DML and DCL .

56.(a) What is RDBMS ? Is Oracle a complete RDBMS? Justify your answer.

(b) What are object oriented features of oracle 8.0 ? Illustrate their use

57.What do you mean by Normalization ? Why it is required ? Explain successive

normalization(1 NF to 5 NF) in designing a relational database by taking a suitable
example .

58.Explain the following :

(a) Database Recovery (b)Triggers in Oracle.

59.What do you mean by database models? What are various database models? Compare
and contrast all these models.
60.(a) What is a database? Differentiate between a database processing system and a fileprocessing system. Illustrate the difference through suitable example(s).
(b) What is SQL ? Why is it popular ? Explain the purpose of following SQL commands :
(i)

JOIN

(ii) DELETE
(iii) INSERT
(iv) DROP.

61. (a) What do you understand by PL/SQL ? Discuss its important elements as well as its
usefulness .
(b) What is DBA? What are the responsibilities of DBA. Discuss.

62.Is Oracle a complete RDBMS? Justify your answer. Chart the capabilities of Oracle 8 with
brief description of each.
63.Explain the following terms:
File , Record, Primary Key , Candidate Key ,Database System , Foreign Key , Alternate
Key ,Tuple ,Domain.
64.(a) Non-Loss decomposition is an aid to relational database design. Is it true ?If yes,
then justify it through an appropriate example.
(b)What is DDL ? How it is different from DML and DCL ? illustrate the difference with
through suitable examples .

65.What is Normalization? Explain successive normalization in designing a relational database

by taking a suitable examples of your choice ?
66.Explain the following :
(b) Database Recovery (b)Triggers in Oracle.
67.(a) What is Concurrency control ? Discuss how it is managed in a database
management system ?
(b)Differentiate between DDL ,DML and DCL .
68.(a) What is PL/SQL ? What is its Structure ? Discuss its important elements as well as its
usefulness .
(b) What is database security ?
What are the major precaution taken by database
administrator for database security ? Explain.

69. (a) What is SQL * PLUS ? Outline its capabilities and discuss importance of each through
suitable examples .

(b) Non-Loss decomposition is an aid to relational database design. Is it true ?If yes,
then justify it through an appropriate example.
70.(a) What is a database? What are its objectives ? Also discuss its advantages and
disadvantages.
(b) Explain the following terms:
Candidate Key ,Database System , Foreign Key , ,Domain.

71.What do you mean by Normalization ? Why it is required ? Explain successive

normalization(1 NF to 5 NF) in designing a relational database by taking a suitable
example .
72.(a) What is database security ? What are the major precaution taken by database
administrator for database security ? Explain.
(b) Illustrate the differences between hierarchical and networks data models .
73. (a) What is RDBMS ? Is Oracle an RDBMS ? Justify your answer.
(b) What are object oriented features of oracle 8.0 ? Illustrate their use .
74.Explain the following
(a)E-R Diagrams

(b) Database Recovery

75.(a) What is Concurrency control ? Discuss how it is managed in a database

management system ?
(b)Differentiate between DDL ,DML and DCL .
76.(a) What is SQL * PLUS ? Outline its capabilities and discuss importance of each through
suitable examples .
(b) Non-Loss decomposition is an aid to relational database design. Is it true ?If yes,
then justify it through an appropriate example.
77.What do you mean by Normalization ? Why it is required ? Explain successive
normalization(1 NF to 5 NF) in designing a relational database by taking a suitable
example .
78.Explain the following
(a)E-R Diagrams

(b) Database Recovery

79.(a) What is PL/SQL ? What is its Structure ? Discuss its important elements as well as its
usefulness .
(b) What is database security ?
What are the major precaution taken by database
administrator for database security ? Explain.
80.(a) What is a database? What are its objectives ? Also discuss its advantages and
disadvantages.
(b) Explain the following terms:
Candidate Key ,Database System , Foreign Key , ,Domain.

81.(a) What is database security ? What are the major precaution taken by database
administrator for database security ? Explain.
(b) Illustrate the differences between hierarchical and networks data models .
82.(a) What is RDBMS ? Is Oracle an RDBMS ?Justify your answer.
(b) What are object oriented features of oracle 8.0 ? Illustrate their use .
83.Discuss the following and compare with each other:
(i)
Relational model
(ii)
Hierarchical model
(iii)
Network model
84.What is the primary goal of normalization ? How the concepts of functional dependency
and multi-valued dependency are associated with normalization ? Give an example for the
same .
85.What is concurrency control in database management system ? Why it is required ? Briefly
discuss the various concurrency control methods and mechanism .
86. (i) Discuss the various key responsibilities of a DBA.
(ii) Define the concepts of primary key , secondary key , and foreign key with respect to
relational model .

87.(i) Discuss the steps involved in explicit cursor .

(ii)How checkpoints are used in database recovery ?

88.Consider the following tables :

Works (Pname , Cname , Salary ) ;Lives (Pname , Street , City) ; Located in (C name ,City) and
manager (Pname,Mgrname)
Where Pname = Person name, Cname = Company name , Mgrname = Manager name
89.Write the SQL for the following :
(i)
List the names of the people who work for a company Wipro along with the cities
they live in.
(ii)
List the names of the people , along with the streets and city addresses ,who work
for the company Infosys with salary more than Rs. 50000/(iii)
List the names of the persons who live and work in the same city.
(iv)
List the names of the persons who do not work for Infosys.
(v)
List the names of the companies that are located in every city where the company
Infosys is located .

90.(i) Discuss shadow paging technique in detail.

(ii) What is the difference between DML and DCL statements ?

91.Write short notes on the following :

(i)
Physical and Logical data independence
(ii)
PL/SQL procedure
(iii)
E-R diagram
92. What is database system ? Discuss the structure of database system . Discuss the
advantages and disadvantages of database system over traditional file system.
93.(i)Explain the underlying concepts of Aggregation ,Specialization and Generalization .
(ii) Define Super key , Candidate key and Foreign Key .
94.What is data redundancy ? Discuss the disadvantages of redundancy in a database . state
1NF ,2NF ,3Nf , and BCNF with suitable example .
95.What are the failures that can occur in the database ? Discuss two database recovery
techniques in detail .
96.(i) How PL/SQL is different from SQL ? Discuss the advantages and elements of PL/SQL
language (ii)Discuss the various control measures that are used to provide securityof data
in databases .
97.Consider the following relational schema :
EMPLOYEE ( EmpNo , EmpName , MgrNo , Job , Salary, DeptNo);
DEPARTMENT (DeptNo , DeptName , DeptLoc );
Where MgrNo is one of the EmpNo EmpNo and DeptNo are Primary keys of EMPLOYEE and
DEPARTMENT table respectively.
Express the following queries in SQL :
(i)

Find the names of the employees whose salary is greater than the average salary of
their department .
(ii)
Find the names of the employees who are getting the third highest salary.
(iii)
Find the names of the employees and the names of their managers .
(iv)
Find the names of the departments whose average salary is greater than the
average salary of all departments.
(v)
Update DeptNo of all employees who are engineers with DeptNo of department
located at London .
98.(i) What are the different types of joins in SQL ?
(ii) What is the difference between procedural and non-procedural DMLs ?
99.Write
(i)
(ii)
(iii)

short notes on the following :

Database Triggers
Implicit cursor handling
Hierarchical data model