Faculty Member: Ahsan Azhar

Dated: January 3, 2017

Semester: 7th

Section: A

Department of Electrical Engineering

EE-342 Microwave Engineering
LABORATORY EXERCISE 12
Lab 12 : Measurement of Radiation Pattern of Dipole Antenna at 1 GHz
CLO4 and CLO6
S. No

1
2
3
4

Name
Haris Suhail

Reg. no.
4787

Sameed Qureshi

6790

Saad Iftikhar

5258

Oneeb Ul Haq Khan

7692

Marks
Lab Work
5

Report
10

Viva
10

Total
25

I.

Objective

II.

To familiarize ourselves with the dipole antenna,

To measure the half power beam width

To understand how to measure the Radiation pattern of a particular

antenna.

Equipment Required
Whole experiment needs to be carried out on Antenna Trainer, where there
are transmitter and receiver antennas on their respective stands. There is a
signal source which generates the required signal for the test and software
setup in the PC.

III.

Theory and Background

IV.

Lab Work

For c = 3x108 m/s and f = 1 GHz

c
f
0.3Gm /s
1 GHz

=30 cm = 0.3 m
For /2 antenna, =0.15 m
And for 0.45 = 0.45 (0.3)
= 13.5
The results gathered from the experiment are as follows:

Figure 1: Noise received when planes are misaligned

Figure 2: 2D plots for H and E fields

Figure 3: 3D radiation Pattern

HPBW:

Calculating

the

angle

at the

-3dB

points,

the

HPBW

comes

out to be:

HPBW = 73 degrees

V.

Review Questions

1. What is the purpose of an antenna?

An antenna transmits and receives microwave signals. In certain
alignments, they behave according to the radiation pattern formed about
them.
2. What is isotropic source and why is it so useful?
Isotropic sources are the transmitters which emit the radiations equally in all directions. This results in
a spherical radiations pattern around them. Since this means the transmissions will be in all directions, the
receiver can be placed anywhere.
3. What is a radiation pattern? Give the difference between the receiving and the transmission
radiation patterns of an antenna.
The antenna's pattern describes how the antenna radiates energy around it spatially. It is a graphical
representation. Although the pattern is actually 3D, it is common to describe this 3D pattern in terms of
two 2D planes, the E plane and the H plane. These principal plane patterns can be obtained by making
two slices through the 3D pattern through the maximum value of the pattern or by direct measurement. It
is these principal plane patterns that are commonly referred to as the antenna patterns.
4. Describe the dipole antenna.
A dipole antenna consists of two identical conductive elements, which are usually bilaterally symmetrical.
The driving current from the transmitter is applied, or for receiving antennas the output signal to the
receiver is taken, between the two halves of the antenna. Each side of the feedline to the transmitter or
receiver is connected to one of the conductors.

VI.

Conclusion

Using the equipment available, we determined the H plane and E plane field
strengths of the Yagi Uda array. We then determined used the power pattern to
determine the half power beam width of the antenna.