Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
C. 71 percent
D. 38 percent
7. Experimental studies:
A. Are the most effective studies to assess causal relationships.
B. Are synonymous with observational studies.
C. Require that subjects be randomly assigned to exposure and
nonexposure groups at all times.
D. Excludes community trials.
8. Which of the following statements is true regarding prospective cohort
studies?
A. They measure the relative risk of developing a disease for an
individual with an exposure.
B. Individuals are grouped on the basis of their disease status.
C. Subject attrition is not a major potential flaw.
D. They cannot be used to observe multiple exposures and
conditions.
E. They are poor in elucidating temporal relationships between
exposure and disease.
9. Which of the following statements is true regarding cross-sectional
studies?
A. They assess exposure and disease status simultaneously.
B. They can yield information regarding disease incidence.
C. They are more time-consuming to perform than case-control or
cohort studies.
D. They are an effective design to determine casual relationships.
E. They are not an appropriate methodology to draw conclusions
from chart databases or census data.
10.
11.
A family physician believes that sterile butterfly stripping is just
as effective as suturing with regard to the closure of simple
lacerations. To test his theory, he uses sterile butterfly strips to close
the next 25 lacerations that he sees in his office. He reports that 96
percent of the lacerations had excellent results. Which of the following
statements is true regarding this experiment?
A. This is a case-series design.
B. This design is an ineffective one for the initial study of the
phenomenon.
C. It can be assumed that all lacerations were equivalent with
regard to location, extent, and mechanism of injury.
D. The next phase of study should be a prevalence design.
E. Sterile butterfly stripping is at least equivalent to suturing with
regard to its ability to attain adequate wound closure.
12.
16.
This mineral dust is incurable and may lead to the development
of Tuberculosis:
A. Silica
C. Cryptococcus
B. Histoplasma
D. Aspergillosis
17.
A.
B.
C.
D.
31.
The most difficult stage of the Family Illness Trajectory for the
patient:
A. Accuracy of diagnosis
B. Adjustment to permanency of outcome
C. Major therapeutic efforts
D. Early adjustment to possible outcome
32.
This household is in the typical case-economically independent
subsisting in the first instance from the occupational earnings of the
husband-father:
A. Nuclear family
C. Extended family
B. Corporate family
D. Blended family
33.
An acronym that stands for factors affecting health which can be
considered resource and pathology:
A. SCREEM
C. Family APGAR
B. Family Circle
D. Family Genogram
34.
Component of the Family Genogram that projects the dynamism
of family
relationships:
A. Functional chart
C. Family Illness and history
B. Family resources
D. Pedigree or Family Tree
35.
A.
B.
C.
D.
36.
The therapeutic Triangle in Medicine refers to which of the
following?
A. Patient/family/health care team
B. Patient/family, health care institution, health care team
C. Patient/family, friends/extended family, health care team
D. Patient, health care team, community
37.
What stage of the Family Life Cycle is characterized by parents
developing adult type relationships between the grown children and
themselves?
A. Family with adolescent
C. Unattached Young Adult
B. Newly married couple
D. Family in later life
38.
What family process involves ordered sequences of interaction
that typify how family functions?
A. Family pattern
C. Triangulation
B. Disengagement
D. Enmeshment
39.
A.
B.
C.
D.
40.
likely put the patient on the defensive, that is, make the patient feel
that his or her problem or behavior must be justified and defended?
A. Beginning the question with
C. Laundry-list questions
Why?
B. Direct question
D. Open-ended questions
41.
This is a component of the family health care plan which involves
health maintenance for each Family member:
A. Preventive
C. Therapeutic
B. Diagnostic
D. Rehabilitative
42. A family meeting should be done in the following situation:
A. 16 y/o old female, first pregnancy
B. 12 y/o female with acne
C. 4 y/o old boy with acute nasopharyngitis
D. 30 y/o old male for annual employment physical
HEALTH ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC HEALTH
43.
A characteristic of Primary health care that differentiates it from
the traditional health delivery system:
A. Community participation in the stages of planning
B. Assurance of financial backing of the government
C. Coverage of the majority of the population
E. Drug provision for all indigent patients
44.
Fecal occult blood is a screening test for:
A. colorectal CA
C. Inflammatory bowel disease
B. cervical cancer
D. hemorrhoids
45.
Criteria that justifies doing screening test:
A. Can identify patients likely to have the disease at pre-symptomatic
stage
B. Can identify patients who have the disease at symptomatic stage
C. Can identify patients who will not benefit from treatment
D. Can identify patients who will not benefit from rehabilitation
46.
Which of the health maintenance plan is true for adult patients?
A. FBS should be done for obese 40 y/o female with family history of
hypertension
B. Fecal occult blood is recommended for 50 years old and above
C. VDRL/RPR should be done on all males
D. Electrocardiogram should be done on all 50 years old and above
47.
Which of the following statements about chemoprophylaxis is true?
A. Low dose aspirin for men 65 years old and above prevents heart
disease
B. Estrogen with progestin increases the risk of endometrial cancer
C. Estrogen replacement therapy decrease the risk of osteoporosis
when started in women 40 years old and below
D. Chemoprophylaxis is warranted only in younger patients
48. A
A.
B.
C.
68. The gross domestic product adjusted with the net factor income from
the rest of the world:
A. Gross National Product
C. Gross Domestic Product
B. Gross Value Added
D. Consumer Price Index
69. The objectives in the tertiary prevention of non-communicable
diseases
include the following:
A. help the patient function maximally within the restrictions
imposed by the disease
B. removal of the agent from the environment
C. screening
D. immunization
70. In computing the cost of illness, the following data are needed:
A. Average daily income or wage
B. Average days of non-morbid condition
C. Average cost of savings
D. Number of death
71. Health education involves:
A. process of translating knowledge into action
B. telling people what to do
C. giving lectures about health
D. issuing rules and regulations to stop a bad habit
72. The primary objective of health education is to:
A. improve health practices
B. transfer technology to lay personnel
C. impart knowledge
D. promote health in general
73. Public health services (national and local) must give emphasis on:
A. prevention, promotion and maintenance of health
B. treatment of diseases
C. rehabilitation of the disabled
D. provision of emergency and first aid services
74. The role of government agencies in solving community health
problems:
A. guide, assist and facilitate community efforts in meeting its needs
B identify the problem of the community
C. provide funds for the project
D. provide comparative statistics
75. In public health, the most frequent problem of scarcity of resources is
best met by:
A allocate resources according to needs
B. transfer of funds
C. complete for national funds
D. increase manpower training
76. The managerial approach to motivation in health development is:
A. to develop a shared responsibility for achieving organizational
and individual goals by contributing on the basis of his interest
and abilities
B. manipulate workers by considerate treatment
10
B. Generic List
11
95. Which of the following has the highest prevalence of all the risk
factors to cardiovascular diseases according to the DOH
Cardiovascular Protection Program?
A. hypertension
C. obesity
B . smoking
D. stress
D. Bereavement must cater to the family members also
96. In 2003, National Nutrition Survey (FNRI) showed that the prevalence
of this vitamin and mineral deficiency remains high for:
A. Vitamin A & iodine
C. Vitamin A & Zinc
B. Vitamin B & iron
D. Vitamin D & iodine
SIMPLE MULTIPLE CHOICE. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER.
GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
97.If both parent are Medicare members, the dependent children
benefit from membership of:
a. Mother
c. Father
b. Both mother and father
d. One can choose
may claim
102.
Drugs not covered by patent protection and which are labeled solely by
their international proprietary name is:
A. Complementary drugs
B. Essential drugs
C. Generic drugs
D. Core drugs
103.
A.
B.
C.
D.
12
104.
Philhealth benefits vary according to the following except:
A. Relative unit value of surgery
C. Type of hospital
B. Actual cost of care
D. Type of physician
105.
Phil-Health sets standards, guidelines and procedures prior to allowing
doctors and hospitals to become part of the NHIP. This process is called:
A. evaluation
C. recognition
B. accreditation
D. acceleration
106.
a.
b.
c.
d.
107.
The following preventive measures are included in the National TB
Control Prgram EXCEPT:
a. Giving chemoprophylaxis for those not yet infected
b. BCG vaccination of eligible population
c. Early treatment of infective TB cases
d. Health education
108.
According to the revised Expanded Program of Immunization, the
contraindication/s to immunization is/are:
a. Malnourished child
c. Diarrhea
b. Temperature of 37.5 38o
d. Convulsions after DPT
109.
A greater measure of success of a TB control program could be
expected if activities were centered on:
a. Wider coverage of BCG immunization
b. Development of more effective treatment methods
c. Amelloration of the socio-economic status of the general population
d. Identification and treatment of early cases
110.
111.
In an under six program the best screening procedure
tuberculosis is:
a. Chest x-ray
c. Tuberculin test
b. Sputum examination for AFB
d. B and C only
112.
113.
for
114.
The folowing immunizations are recommended for 3-months old
children consulting at an under six clinic:
a. DPT
d. A and B
b. Measles vaccine
e. A and C
c. BCG
115.
Immunization is contraindicated among
a. Malnourished children
c. Children with diarrhea
b. Breastfed babies
d.
Children with prolonged febrile
illness
13
116.
Contraindications for administering a live attenuated vaccine include
all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Acute febrile illness
b. Recent administration of immune globulin host
c. Immunosuppressive disorder or compromise
d. Administration of another live vaccine
117.
118.
119.
Maternal antibodies convey passive measles immunity to infants
probably until age:
a. 12 to 15 months
c. 3 to 6 months
b. 6 to 9 months
d. 18 24 months
120.
The descision to give the rabies vaccine is influenced by any of the
following EXCEPT:
a. The severity of the bite
b. The condition of the animal at the time of exposure
c. The part of the body that was bitten
d. The condition of the animal 15 days after axposure
121.
The following are the statements of Policy of the Generic Act of 1988,
EXCEPT:
a. Promote, encourage, and require the use of generic terminology
b. Penalize any violation of the Act
c. Emphasize the scientific basis for the use of drugs
d. Ensure adequate supply of drugs with generic names
122.
The following organizations jointly with the Department of Health are
involved in the education drive for the Generics Acts, EXCEPT:
a. Department of Finance
b. Philippine Information Agency
c. Department of Local Governments
d. Department of Education, Culture & Sports
123.
Which of the folowing would be best reflect the inadequancy of
maternity care services in the community?
a. Small proprotion of hospital births
b. Small proportion of deliveries attended by physicians
c. Large proprotion of maternal deaths due to hemorrhage
d. None of the above
124.
125.
a.
b.
c.
d.
126.
14
127.
a.
b.
c.
d.
128.
129.
130.
a.
b.
c.
d.
131.
many
a.
b.
c.
d.
132.
Chemotherapeutic agents are applied to the eyes of the newborn to
prevent
a. Juvenile cataract
c. Syphilis
b. Gonorrhea
d. Trachoma
PUBLIC HEALTH
133.
Long-standing lack of vitamin A is maifested in the form of this ocular
lesion:
a. Keratomalacia
c. Nyctalopia
b. Corneal xerosis
d. Bitots spots
134.
If a 6-month old baby is suffering from diarrhea, the following should
be told to the mother:
a. Stop breast-feeding
c. Give am and tea only
b. Stop the usual food given
d. None of these
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
135.
The role of governmental agencies in solving community health
problems is to:
a. Identify the problem of the community
b. Provide funds for the project
c. Provide comparative statistics
d. Guide, assist, and facilitates community efforts in meeting its needs
136.
In public health, the most frequent problem is scarcity of resources.
This can be best met by:
a. Transfer of funds
c.
Allocate resources according to
needs
b. Compete for national funds
d. Increase manpower training
EPIDEMIOLOGY
15
137.
likely
a.
b.
138.
The factors that effect the reliability of an instrument are the following
EXCEPT:
a. Observer variation
c. Lack of congruency
b. Lack of precision
d. Lack of validity
139.
140.
The importance of reviewing the available literature related to research
problem is
a. To prevent duplication of work that has been done before
b. It may lead to refine the problem definition
c. To find out the authors of these works
d. To provide good reasons for others to support the proposed research
141.
Among the following demographic characteristics, which does not
contribute to high fertility in the Philippines?
a. High marriage rate
c. Increasing life span
b. Young population
d. Low median age on marriage
142.
143.
144.
is the
a.
b.
c.
d.
145.
Because of its inherent weakness, this method is not utilized in the
collection of scientific data:
a. Census
c. Registration method
b. Questionnaire method
d. Case record method
146.
The following epidemiologic approach may be utilized when the
disease being investigated has not been studied yet in the past:
a. Descriptive
c. Cohort prospective
b. Retrospective
d. Experimental
147.
This type of study can best demonstrate a cause and effect
relationship:
a. Experimental study
c. Analytic study
b. Descriptive study
d. Cross-sectional
148.
16
149.
To determine if there is any relationship between oral contraceptive
use and chlamydia infection, an investigator selected a sample of 100
women attending a social hygiene clinic. He then measured the predictor and
outcome variables by talking a history of oral contraceptive use and sending
a cervical swab to the lab for chlamydia culture. The design of this study is:
a. Cohort study
c. Case control
b. Cross-sectional
d. Experimental study
150.
a.
b.
c.
d.
151.
The observational study in which subjectys are sampled based on the
presence or absence of a risk factor interest, these subjects are followed over
the time for the development of a disease outcome:
a. Case control study
c. Cohort study
b. Ecologic study
d. Cross-sectional study
152.
An investigator wanted to determine if there is a significant difference
in the mean systolic blood pressure 10 women before and after oral
contraceptive use for 3 months. The appropriate statistical test for
significance for this study is:
a. Analysis of veriance
c. Student t-test
b. Chi-square analysis
d. Palred t-test
153.
a.
b.
c.
d.
154.
155.
156.
value
a.
b.
157.
When distribution is symmetrical, the manner of tendency what should
be chosen is:
a. Mode
c. Mean
b. All of these
d. Median
158.
Randomization is a procedure used for assignments or allocation of
subjects to treatment and control groups is experimental studies.
Randomization ensures
a. That assignments occurs by chance
b. That treatment and control groups are alike in all respects expect
treatment
c. Bias in observation is eliminated
d. The placebo effects are eliminated
17
159.
When samples are chosen because they are handy and easy this is:
a. Simple random sampling
c. Haphazard sampling
b. Systematic sampling
d. Cluster sampling
160.
One of these is NOT included in the comprehensive maternal and child
health program policies:
a. Pregnant women should be given iron tablets during the second and
third trimester and throughout the lactation period
b. Abnormal pregnancies may be delivered at home by a professionallytrained health worker
c. Growth and development of infants and children should be monitored
by growth charts and developmental screening devices
d. The newborn receive immediate care at birth and breast feeding
instuted within 30 minutes after delivery
161.
Population density is determined by use of two data. One is total
population and the other is:
a. Age and sex distribution of the community
b. Area of the community
c. Income of the community
d. Resources in the community
162.
a.
b.
c.
d.
163.
The population pyramid shows the distribution of a population
according to:
a. Age and sex
c. Fertility
b. Inflow-outflow equation
d. Percentage of births and deaths
164.
POISONING
165.
In childhood poisoning, emesis should NOT be induced if the poison is:
a. Barbiturates
c. Drain cleaner
b. Acetaminophen
d. INH
166.
The following does NOT conform to the 1987 Family Code of the
Philippines
a. The contracting parties to a marriage maybe of the same gender
b. Marriage solemnized by a person not legally authorized to perform
marriage are void
c. A marriage contracted by any person during the subsistence of a
previous marriage shall be null and void
d. Mayor can no longer solemnize marriage
RATES AND RATIO
167.
The current priority health problem of the Philippines is:
a. Malnutrition
c. Rapid population growth
b. Communicable disease
d. All of the above
168.
The office that is changed with the function of collecting and reporting
of vital health statistics is the:
a. Bureau of Census and Statistics c. Health Information Service DOH
b. Bureau of Medical Services
d.
Department of Disease
Control
18
169.
This is the measure of mortality which will tell us what the 10 leading
causes of death rate are:
a. Case fatality rate
c. Infant mortality rate
b. Cause specific death rate
d. Proportionate death rate
170.
a.
b.
c.
d.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
171.
One of the following cancers is NOT associated with occupational
exposures:
a. Breast CA
c. Lung CA
b. Bladder CA
d. Liver CA
172.
The conservation of health in relation to work, the
environment and assurance of work efficiency is:
a. Industrial hygiene
c. Occupational medicine
b. Occupational health
d. Industrial medicine
173.
working
ETHICS
174.
Code
a.
b.
FAMILY MEDICINE
175.
The following are important roles of a family physician:
a. Personal physician to each member of the family
b. Manages the collective health problems of the family
c. Recognizes the effects of illness upon the other family members
d. All of the above
176.
a.
b.
c.
d.
177.
Measures that the family physician can take to reduce the impact
illness on the family are as follows:
a. Do not include the family in deciding on the care of the sick
b. Inform the family of measures important to the success of treatment
c. Watch for change in attitude or negative reaction among family
d. A and B only
e. B and C only
178.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
19
183.
Which of the following is NOT included in the essential health service of
Primary Health Care?
a.
immunization against the major infectious diseases
b.
provision of essential drugs
c.
provision of safe water and basic sanitation
d.
appropriate treatment of all existing diseases
184.
Care?
a.
b.
c.
185.
Primary Health Care (PHC) refers to
a. the first contact of a patient with a professional health care provider
b. a sub-system of the health care delivery system
c. a type of health care program designed for communities
D. an approach to making health care available and accessible to the
population
186.
A health care system that has the greatest impact on the health of a
society, while making the best use of its resources, fulfills which of the
following values of social accountability?
A. Relevance
C. Cost-effectiveness
B. Quality
D. Equity
187.
Parents who are not qualified as legal dependents, indigents or retirees
can avail of PhilHeatlth benefits through the:
A. Medicare Para Sa Masa
C. Sponsored Projects
B. Individually-paying program
D. Non-paying members
188.
An important feature of a Community-Based Health Program is:
A. preset program objectives
B. managed solely by the peoples organization
20
questions
page
1.
An act instituting a national health insurance program for all Filipinos and
establishing the Philippines Health Insurance Corporation.
A. Republic Act 7719
B. Republic Act 7875
C. Republic Act 7160
D. Republic Act 6675
MPL: 1
386
389
403
The National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) shall give the highest priority
to achieving coverage of the entire population with at least a basic minimum
package of health insurance benefits, the guiding principle is:
A. Social solidarity
B. Equity
C. Compulsory coverage
D. Universality
MPL: 1
409
Mandates iodization of all food grade salt and making this available to all
communities nationwide.
A. Republic Act 8423
B. Republic Act 8976
C. Republic Act 8172
D. Republic Act 7876
MPL: 1
385
Children were hospitalized after their mother fed them with poisonous mushroom.
The mother was unable to differentiate poisonous from nonpoisonous species.
How would you assess the Meffect of her action?
A. Directly voluntary
B. Indirectly voluntary
C. Positively voluntary
D. Negatively voluntary
MPL: 0.5
A patient who has emphysema finds it difficult to quit smoking. How would you
assess the morality of the patients action?
A. Imperfectly voluntary because of impairment of knowledge
B. Imperfectly voluntary because of habit
C. Perfectly voluntary act
D. An act of man not performed without free will
MPL: 0.5
21
A superior officer not stopping an evil act of a lower rank officer despite knowledge
of the same is _________.
A. Equally guilty as that of the lower rank officer
B. Not guilty of the act
C. Guilty but of a lesser degree
D. Not morally accountable
MPL: 0.5
10
11
12
13
A patient told his doctor that he do whatever is best for him. This is not a violation
of the principle of autonomy because of the following reason:
A. Accepts an additional burden
B. Gives up what is due
C. Delegate authority
D. Looses right to what is due
MPL: 0.25
14
15
16
17
22
18
19
Hospitals cannot be held liable for patients who go home against medical advice
because patient
A. Gave up what is due
B. Lost right to what is due
C. Accepted an additional burden
D. Delegated authority
MPL: 0.5
20
A patient in the ward has renal failure. As a junior intern assigned to monitor
the patient, you noticed that his medication is being given in toxic dose. Which
virtue is needed in this situation?
A. Integrity
B. Courage
C. Respect
D. Honesty
MPL: 1
21
22
Which among the following patients vying for one available respirator would gain
the most from using the respirator?
A. Trauma victim with severe brain damage. Only few brainstem functions
remain. He is unlikely to recover.
B. Patient with infection of the nervous system that rendered him paralyzed from
the trunk down. He is, however, progressively improving and is expected to recover.
C. Patient with complete and irreversible spinal injury that has left her paralyzed
from the neck down. She is able to talk but totally dependent on the respirator.
D. Cancer patient undergoing palliative treatment
MPL: 0.25
23
24
23
25
Which among the following is NOT a condition to stop treatment in a dying patient?
A. Life is preserved by ordinary means
B. Patient and/or family consents
C. Irrefutable evidence that biological death is imminent
D. Treatment will not prolong life for any significant time
MPL: 0.25
26
The type of domestic violence, which is considered to be the most common of elder
mistreatment, is called
A. Physical abuse
B. Material exploitation
C. Caregiver neglect
D. Emotional abuse
MPL: 1
27
An elderly patient was noted to have hematoma in the legs. Upon probing, patient
claimed he fell from the bed. Caregiver was hesitant to bring him to the hospital for
medical management. What will you do?
A. Report to authorities
B. Perform home safety assessment
C. Expand social services
D. Assess family functioning
MPL: 0.5
28
Given a patient who is a victim of partner abuse, the following may be done EXCEPT
A. Draw a safety plan
B. Do couple counseling
C. Refer to mental health professional
D. Refer to womens desk
MPL: 0.5
29
30
31
Family, as a group of people, is defined in various ways. Which among the following
description runs common among the various definitions?
A. Related by blood or marriage
B. Related by strong affection
C. Comprises a permanent household
D. Changes through time
MPL: 0.25
32
Tom and Tina have been living with their aunt and grandmother since their
parents went abroad to work as nurses. What is the type of family structure?
A. Nuclear
B. Extended
C. Single-parent
D. Communal
MPL: 1
33
As parents, Jim and Lora make sure that they spend quality time with their children.
They play and do things together with them. What function of the family do they
perform?
24
A. Biologic
B. Psychologic
C. Educational
D. Socio-cultural
MPL: 0.75
C
34
John and Marsha is a family with four children aged 16, 10, 6 and 4. Both
husband and wife are in their mid-forties. What second order changes can be
anticipated in their family life cycle stage?
A. Taking on parenting role
B. Sharing responsibilities with extended family
C. Focusing on marital and career issues
D. Keeping communication system open
MP: 0.25
35
Linda was diagnosed with myoma last 2004. Recently, she developed vaginal
bleeding. She was told she needs to undergo hysterectomy. She was subsequently
observed to be crying and socially withdrawn. Identify the stage in the illness trajectory.
A. Reaction to diagnosis
B. Major therapeutic efforts
C. Early adjustment to outcome
D. Adjustment to permanency of outcome
MPL: 1
36
37
Mrs. D began having difficulty remembering things, missing at time of work, and
appearing in public in an untidy state at age of 64 years. Mrs. D was brought to a
doctor for consult and was diagnosed to have Alzheimers disease. Because
Mrs. Ds condition seemed to progress rapidly, the attending physician did a home
visit. When he arrived, she found Mrs. D unkempt, bedridden and has lost weight.
The daughter who lives with her complained of exhaustion and of getting very little
help from her siblings. In assessing the condition of the index patient and the family,
the doctor made use of several tools. Which among the following tools and their
corresponding indication for use is NOT correct?
A. APGAR assess familial resources
B. Genogram identify alternate caregivers
C. SCREEM assess capacity of family to participate in health care
D. Family map describe family dynamics
MPL: 1
38
A 42-y/o woman, married with 2 daughters from Masbate revealed a 2-yr. history of
breast mass. Physical examination showed a cachectic patient with unilateral multiple
beast mass with foul smelling discharge. The patient sought consult with faith healers
in their hometown. Her family and relatives firmly believe that it was due to barang
(witchcraft). She was brought to Manila to consult with another faith healer. She
refused to see a doctor, as it would render ineffective the treatment being done to her
by the faith healer. Deep in her heart she has given up hope for cure. For a doctor to
understand the health beliefs and practices of the family and the index patient, what
25
39
In evaluating the potential crisis once the patient dies, which among the following
would help evaluate the degree of disruption in the function of the family?
A. Family stressor
B. Family developmental stage
C. Family role
D. Family coping history
MPL: 0.25
40
41
42
181
43
181
44
181
45
255
46
89
26
MPL: 0.25
B
47
Working together with the people, learning their language and eventually
189
establishing a herbal-medicinal garden for people consumption is an example of
A. Establishing support groups
B. Appropriate technology
C. Networking and linkages
D. Community participation
MPL: 0.25
48
49
Among the list, the program that would benefit the greatest number of people:
A. Provision of food and drugs
B. Accessibility to safe water
C. Health education
D. Proper waste collection and disposal
MPL: 0.25
305
50
344
51
342
52
53
The time interval between entry of an infectious agent into a host and the onset
symptoms is called
A. The communicable period
B. The incubation period
C. The preinfectious period
D. The noncontagious period
MPL: 0.25
54
55
27
56
The occurrence of a group of illnesses of similar nature at a rate above the expected
number is called:
A. Hyperendemic
B. Epidemic
C. Endemic
D. Pandemic
MPL: 0.5
57
58
Lou Stewells, a pioneer in the study of diarrheal disease, has developed a new diagnostic test for
cholera. When his agent is added to the stools, the organisms develop a characteristic ring
around them (He calls it the Ring-Around-the Cholera [RAC] test). He performs the test on 100
patients known to have cholera and 100 patients known not to have cholera with the following
results:
(+) RAC test
(-) RAC test
Total
A
59
Cholera
91
9
100
No Cholera
12
88
100
28
During the investigation of an outbreak of food poisoning at a summer camp, food histories were obtained form all
campers as indicated in the table below.
Consumed Food
Food served
Ill
Hamburger
Potatoes
Ice cream
Chicken
Lemonade
6
7
8
13
2
Not
Ill
4
3
10
5
8
Ill
6/10 = 60%
7/10 = 70%
8/18 = 44%
13/18 = 72%
2/10 = 20%
4
2
2
1
4
Not
Ill
4
3
2
7
4
Specific
Attack Rate
4/8 = 50%
2/5 = 40%
2/4 = 50%
1/8 = 12.5%
4/8 = 50%
60
61
The number of deaths from a given cause in a specified time period divided by
the total deaths in the same time period is:
A. Crude death rate
B. Indirect death rate
C. Case fatality rate
D. Proportionate mortality rate
MPL: 0.25
62
63
The best source of data or distribution according to age, sex and geographical
location is:
A. Reports of occurrence of notifiable diseases
B. Birth certificate
C. Census
D. Registries of certain disease
MPL: 0.5
64
65
66
In public health, the rate that are used to measure illness is known as:
A. Morbidity rate
B. Natality rate
C. Mortality rate
D. Specific rate
MPL: 0.33
68
29
69
In the absence of an attending doctor at death, the responsibility of signing the death
certificate goes to:
A. Closest of kin
B. Nurses
C. Local Health Officer
D. Midwife
MPL: 1
70
71
The part which tells the reader what the different parts of the diagram stand
for is called:
A. Source
B. Title
C. Legend
D. Footnote
MPL: 0.5
72
73
74
75
Specifying the kind of subjects best suited to the research question and where
to recruit them, is the process of:
A. Exclusion criteria
B. Sampling
C. Randomization
D. Selection criteria
MPL: 0.5
76
77
30
C. Fertility
D. Percentage of births and deaths
MPL: 0.5
C
78
79
The probability that a person has the disease given a positive test result is:
A. Negative predictive value of the test
B. Sensitivity of the test
C. Specificity of the test
D. Positive predictive value of the test
MPL: 0.5
80
The disease or condition which directly caused the death of a patient is:
A. Immediate cause
B. Underlying cause
C. Intervening, antecedent cause
D. None of the above
MPL: 0.33
81
82
83
85
The branch of science that counts, measures and numerically states fact is:
A. Demography
B. Medical statistics
C. Statistics
D. Health statistics
MPL: 0.5
86
This is the measure of mortality which will tell us what the 10 leading causes of
death rate are:
A. Case fatality rate
B. Cause specific death rate
C. Infant mortality rate
D. Proportionate death rate
MPL: 0.5
87
The administrator of a day care center reports that a child under his care has
just been diagnosed as having meningitis. He is concerned about the other children
in the center and wants to know what to do. Which of the following must be known
in order that recommendation can be made?
A. Number of children in the center
31
88
89
The most common cause of cancer deaths among both men and women in the
country is:
A. Lung
B. Breast
C. Liver
D. Colo-rectal
MPL: 1
86
40
90
91
92
93
94
A child having diarrhea was noted to be irritable with sunken eyes and slow
return of skin pinch is classified as:
A. No dehydration
B. Some dehydration
C. Severe dehydration
D. Very severe dehydration
MPL: 1
95
96
34
59-62
32
B. PPD
C. Sputum AFB
D. Culture
MPL: 0.5
B
97
98
99
100
39
REFERENCE
Philippine Health Care Factbook Vol. 1
References for questions 6-40
Alora, Angeles, BIOETHICS, NTTC-HP, UP-Manila, 1991
Monge, Michael, Ethical Practices in Health & Disease. Manila:
Sinag-Tala Publishers, Inc. 1994
Rakel, Robert, Textbook of Family Practice, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company,
2002, pp 71-82
Primer on Primary Health Care
PHA202 module, Department of Health Policy and Administration, UP-College of Public
Health
Readings in Health System Management, 2nd edition
Ref. For questions 52-60
MacMahon, B, and Pugh, T, Epidemiology Principles and Methods, 2 nd edition
Ref for questions 61-87
Mendoza, OM et al, Foundations in Statistical Analysis for the Health Sciences,
Manila, DEBS,
CPH-UPM, 1997
Recall
2.
Which of the following is a fundamental psychologic needs of man that has to be met by
a
33
standard house
A. protection from excessive noise
B. provision of adequate space
environment
Recall
3.
Recall
4.
Which of the following is the considered a most valuable component of refuse?
A. fruit peels
C. paper
B. tin can
D. cardboard
Recall
5.
For urban areas, the most ideal waste disposal system is.
A. sanitary pit privy
C. sewerage system
B. septic tank system
D. pour-lush latrine
Recall
6.
Which of the belongs to the Category II waste disposal unit?
A. Cistern flush toilet connected to a sewerage system
B. Pour-flush latrine
C. Bucket latrine
D. Bored hole latrine
Recall
7.
The most common cardiovascular disease that affect Filipinos is
A. Rheumatic Heart disease
B. CVA/Stroke
C. Ischemic Heart disease
D. Hypertensive Heart disease
Recall
8.
An exercise program to be effective, an optimal level of intensity must be achieved. This
is measured in terms of the:
A. capacity to push himself to the limits
C. ability to endure pain
B. maximum heart rate for age
D. threshold for exhaustion
Recall
9.
Which of the following anthropometric measurements is the best indicator of current or
recent malnutrition?
A. weight for age
C. weight for height for age
B. height for age
D. body mass index
Recall
10.
A short-term solution to micronutrient deficiency disorders is:
A. food fortification
C. tri-media nutrition education
B. supplementation
D. community food production
Analysis
34
11.
Which of the following will not be achieved by a totally successful Philippine Plan of
Action for Nutrition (PPAN)?
A. Full fortification of selected Philippine made food items with vitamin A , Iodine, and
Iron
B. Complete compliance and adoption of the Filipino family to desirable food and
feeding practices
C. Eradication of all causes of malnutrition in the Philippines
D. Assurance of food supply adequacy with augmentation from home and community
food production
Recall
12.
It is only the female Anopheles mosquito which is involved in the development of
Plasmodium specie because
A. there are no male Anopheles mosquitoes
B. female mosquitoes need a blood meal before they can produce eggs
C. male Anopheles have no proboscis
D. only the female mosquitoes are attracted to human blood
Recall
13.
The natural mode of transmission of malaria is by
A. co-natal transfusion
B. contaminated needles
C. inoculation of sporozoites through the mosquito bites
D. blood transfusion
Recall
14.
How many provinces in the country are endemic for malaria?
A. 65 of the 78 provinces
C. 12 of the 78 provinces
B. 40 of the 78 provinces
D. 8 of the 78 provinces
Recall
15.
The Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) of the government is aimed at reducing
the Infant Mortality and Morbidity by decreasing the prevalence of
A. tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis,tetanus,polio,measles,hepatitis A
B. tuberculosis, diphtheria,pertussis,tetanus,polio,measles,hepatitis B
C. tuberculosis,diphtheria,tetanus, pertussis,german measles,polio,hepatitis B
D. tuberculosis, diphtheria,polio,measles,hepatitis A,tetanus,hepatitis B
Recall
16.
Which of the following is included in the extended family?
A. Sister-in-law
C. illegitimate child
B. Step-parents
D. Foster children
Recall
17.
Which of the following Stage Critical Tasks will a Long Term Marriage encounter?
A. Differentiation from family of origin
C. Maintaining couple functioning
B. Renegotiating relationship
D. Renewing marriage commitment
Recall
18.
Which of the following family is much more closely knit?
A. upper class
C. lower class
B. lower class
D. lowest class
Recall
35
19.
A child experience conflict with practices in the home and school regulations is at what
Stage of Family Life Cycle?
A. The Launching family
C. The Newly Married Couple
B. The Family with young children
D. The Family with adolescent
Analysis
20.
Extension of Coverage of NHIP members includes which of the following
A. working mother
B. 22 years high school student
C. 40 years old congenital cerebral palsy patient
D. 63 years old active Police officer
Recall
21.
Which of the following surgical procedures has the highest RVU?
A. Ruptured appendix w/ abscess or generalized peritonitis
B. Cholecystectomy w/ exploration of common duct
C. Dilation and curettage
D. T.A.H.B.S.O
Recall
22.
Which of the following is a case of NHIP Benefits forfeiture
A. Vehicular accident patient confinement in a non-accredited hospitals
B. Patient died within the first 24 hours
C. Patient was transferred to a better equipped hospital before the first 24 hours of
confinement
D. Patient was discharge within the first 24 hours of confinement by an accredited
hospital
Recall
23.
One of the responsibilities of the Occupational Medicine Practitioner is to administer:
A. Periodic examination exclusively done for high risk groups
B. Pre placement examination exclusively done for high risk groups
C. Special examination exclusively done for high risk groups
D. Efficient record keeping exclusively done for high risk groups
Recall
24.
Which of the following is considered an Occupational Disease?
A. Diabetes mellitus
C. Acid peptic disease
B. Hypertension
D. Pneumoconiosis
Recall
25.
Which of the following is an intrinsic factor in occupational disease causation ?
A. social customs
C. organizational set up
B. socio-economic class
D. disease agents
Application
26.
Which branch of statistics are you using when you compute for the average age of a
sample of 100 medical students?
A. descriptive statistics
C. estimation of parameter
B. inferential statistics
D. hypothesis testing
Recall
27.
An advantage of using secondary data is that:
A. data are usually complete.
B. accuracy of data is assured.
C. relevance of data is not usually a problem.
D. data are often available and accessible.
36
Analysis
28.
A City Health Officer was notified of 10 cases of what seemed to be like
Dengue fever. He wanted to determine if this was a beginning epidemic. Where can
he get information on additional cases, if any?
A. registries of diseases
C. hospital records
B. reports of notifiable diseases
D. community clinic records
Recall
29.
An attribute of statistical data which reflects the consistency of data when more than
one observation is done is:
A. sensitivity
C. validity
B. specificity
D. precision
Recall
30.
The ability of a diagnostic test to produce results closest to the true value of the
measurement is called:
A. sensitivity
C. validity
B. predictability
D. precision
Recall
31.
The normal distribution or Gaussian curve is described as having the following
characteristic:
A. mean is zero
C. standard deviation of +/- 1
B. probability of 0.05
D. mean, median and mode are equal
Recall
32.
The area under the normal distribution curve representing observations that lie
between 2 standard deviations from their mean is equal to
A. 68.50%
C. 95.00%
B. 90.5%
D. 99.70%
Recall
33.
For a distribution that is skewed to the left, the mean would be:
A. at the same position as the median
C. to the right of the median
B. to the left of the median
D. equal to the mode
Recall
34.
If the probability that a particular event (A) will occur depends on or is influenced by the
prior occurrence of another event (B), that probability is called
A. a piori probability
C. conditional probability
B. empirical probability
D. complementary probability
Application
35.
Which of the following is a nominal variable?
A. nutritional status
B. outcome of illness
Recall
36.
The rationale for the use of the Yates correction factor to offset the no expected values
less than 5 is to
A. make the chi-square value smaller
B. make the p-value smaller
C. make the difference between the observed and expected values smaller
D. make the confidence interval smaller
37
Recall
37.
In a 3 x 4 contingency table, the degree of freedom is
A. 2
C. 7
B. 6
D. 12
Recall
38.
At the conventional level of significance, an observed difference between 2 proportions is
considered significant if:
A. p-value is < 0.05
C. chi-square value is >2
B. z-value is > 5
D. confidence interval is > 2SD
Recall
39.
Which of the following is used to show probable relationship between two quantitative
variables?
A. Component bar diagram
C. Bar graph
B. Scatterpoint diagram
D. Pictogram
Recall
40.
Which of the following is an alternative to the pie chart?
A. Bar graph
C. Frequency Polygon
B. Component bar diagram
D. Histogram
Recall
41.
Which of the following is used to portray absolute or relative frequencies, population
rates, or other numerical measurement across the categories of a qualitative or a discrete
quantitative variable?
A. Bar graph
C. Frequency polygon
B. Line Diagram
D. Histogram
Recall
42.
Which type of data presentation is appropriate if the intention is to show detailed
information?
A. Textular presentation
C. Graphical presentation
B. Tabular presentation
D. All of the above
Recall
43.
Which of the following is/are requirement/s for Questionnaire
A. it should have sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value
B. respondents are not expected to know all the answer to the questions
C. should be ambiguous
D. fairly offensive
Recall
44.
Secondary data are collected by which of the following methods of data collection?
A. review of literature/documents
C. inquiry
B. survey
D. observation
Recall
45.
Chronologically, which of the following steps in Questionnaire Preparation should be
last?
A. List the variables to be measured
C. Prepare the draft of the question
B. Pretest the questionnaire
D. Make necessary modification
Recall
46.
If death occurred within the jurisdiction of the Philippines but the exact place of its
occurrence cannot be determined, the death shall be registered in the office of the local
civil registrar of
A. place of burial upon the presentation of a certificate
38
although the groundwork has been laid through the presence of factors that favor its
occurrence
A. Prepathogenesis
C. Early clinical stage
B. Early Pathogenesis
D. Late clinical stage
Recall
55.
The level of prevention that is aimed at intervening before pathological changes have
begun
during the natural history stage of susceptibility
A. Primary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
D. none of the above
Recall
56.
A pattern of disease occurrence in a community where the greater proportion of the cases
are
subclinical illustrates the
A. Interference phenomenon
C. Berksonian bias
B. Iceberg phenomenon
D. Pearls fallacy
Recall
57.
Certain diseases that do not confer immunity affect all age groups but the incidence rates
are generally among the very young and the very old because
A. they generally are more exposed to such diseases
B. they generally have lower general resistance
C. they have had no experience with such diseases
D. immunization protects them from acquiring the disease
Recall
58.
Diseases which confers long lasting immunity are highest at
A. younger age groups
C. older age groups
B. middle age groups
D. very young and very old age groups
Recall
59.
The most important personal variable related to disease occurrence is
A. age
C. marital status
B. sex
D. socio-economic status
Recall
60.
Death rates are higher for males than females throughout life and this may be due to the
following
A. sex-linked inheritance
C. differences in hormonal balance
B. environment
D. all of the above
Recall
61.
The M:F ratio for Acute Myocardial Infarction mortality declines by age 40 because
A. females lost the protective hormones
B. females live longer
C. more females than males by this age and after
D. females seek medical care more than the males
Recall
62.
The most direct measure of socio-economic status
A. occupation
C. family income
B. family size
D. area of residence
Recall
40
63.
of
C. physiologic differences
D. A and B only
Recall
64.
In which particular situation will you suspect the disease to be a place disease?
A. The disease has a high occurrence in the native inhabitants but not among the
immigrants.
B. The disease has a high occurrence in both the native inhabitants and the
migrants to the place.
C. The disease will continue to have a high occurrence among the offspring of the native
inhabitants who have migrated out of the area.
D. The disease has a low occurrence among the native inhabitants and a high occurrence
among the migrants.
Recall
65.
In the Philippines, generally, variation in mortality rates between the cities and the
provinces
are due to differences in:
A. genetic susceptibility of the populations
B. exposure to the risk factors
C. availability and accessibility of medical care
D. accuracy and completeness of diagnosis and reporting
Analysis
66.
Which of the following can best explain the higher occurrence of breast cancer
among the second generation Chinese, Japanese and Mexican migrants than the
first generation migrants?
A. The second generation migrants lost the protection provided by their genetic make-up.
B. The first generation migrants partly retained their traditional habits and practices.
C. The second generation migrants were exposed to the risk factors for a longer
period
of time.
D. Breast cancer has a long latency period and therefore, would be expressed more in the
second generation migrants.
Recall
67.
High herd resistance to an infectious disease limits the occurrence of the disease
in a community because:
A. It prevents exposure of the population to the disease.
B. It blocks the transmission of the disease.
C. It shortens the transmission time.
D. It reduces the chances of death among the cases.
Recall
68.
Changes in disease frequency usually encompassing several decades are referred to as:
A. Periodic trends
C. cyclic intrinsic variations
B. secular trends
D. cyclic extrinsic fluctuations
Recall
69.
If the line graph of mortality of a particular disease showed an abrupt dip or
decrease, this would most likely be due to:
A. an increase in herd resistance of the population
B. an improvement in diagnostic procedures
C. an improvement in treatment modalities
41
Analysis
74.
Which of the following is most appropriate if the objective of the study is to determine if
hypotension increases the chance of fatal outcome in MI patients
A. Case Series studies
C. Case Control studies
B. Cohort studies
D. Experimental studies
Recall
75.
The initial step in the analysis of data in case-control studies is
A. determination of the scale of measurement
B. assessment of the factor
C. computation of the indicators
D. assessment of causality
Recall
76.
The appropriate indicators in Case-control study is
A. the frequency/prevalence of the independent variable in both the cases and
controls
B. the frequency/prevalence of the dependent variable in the exposed and unexposed
groups
C. the measure of risk of occurrence
D. existence of statistical association
Recall
77.
Statistical association found between a factor and disease could be causal if the
association is strong; the strength of association in Case-control studies is measured by
the
A. Relative risk
C. Odds ratio
42
B. Attributable risk
D. Risk ratio
Recall
78.
Which of the following statements is true about cohort studies?
A. They are also called prevalence studies.
B. Subjects are chosen on the basis of whether they have the outcome or not.
C. They begin with identification of a risk group.
D. Actual risk of the outcome cannot be determined using cohort studies.
Recall
79.
Which is an advantage of a concurrent over a non-concurrent cohort study?
A. smaller sample size
C. less biases
B. shorter follow-up period
D. direct measurement of outcome
Recall
80.
A requirement for validity of cohort studies is that:
A. subjects should be representative of target population.
B. exposure variable should be randomly distributed between the study groups.
C. study groups should be similar in all respects except for the exposure.
D. investigator should be blinded to eliminate bias.
Recall
81.
A variable other than the one under investigation which may be associated with
both the factor and the outcome and thus may produce a spurious association is called
a/an:
A. independent variable
C. confounding variable
B. dependent variable
D. misclassification variable
Recall
82.
Which of the following is not a requirement of a descriptive study?
A. Sample representative of target population
B. Controls
C. Similarity of comparison groups
D. All of the above
Recall
83.
Which of the following is TRUE with regards to the subjects of an Experimental study?
A. Sample representative of target population
B. well and diseased persons can included in the sample in a trial of preventive measure
C. diseased persons can be the study population in a curative trial
D. all of the above
Recall
84.
Which of the following is a strength of Experimental study?
A. appropriate for diseases with low or rare occurrence
B. can study multiple effect of a single exposure
C. allows artificial manipulation of the study factors
D. all of the above
Recall
85.
Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. Blinding aim to eliminate the effects of intervention
B. Placebo administration aim to eliminate the effects of unintended factors
C. Both blinding and Placebo administration aim to eliminate the effects of intervention
D. Both blinding and Placebo administration aim to eliminate the effects of intended
factors
43
Recall
86.
The strongest of all research study is:
A. Uncontrolled Trial
B. Parallel Controlled Trial
C. Cross-Over Trial
D. Quasi-experiment
Recall
87.
In an experimental study, if groups show dissimilarity, adjustments should be done in the:
A. Measurement of baseline variable
C. measurement of outcome variable
B. Application of treatment
D. analysis of data
Recall
88.
Which of the following is most vulnerable to Hawthorne effect?
A. Parallel controlled trial
C. Uncontrolled trial
B. Cross-over trial
D. None of the above
Recall
89.
Which of the following trial should be use to determine the effectiveness of a health
program?
A. Community trial
C. Therapeutic trial
B. Clinical trial
D. Prophylactic trial
Recall
90.
Dengue is currently occurring in epidemic proportion in several areas in the country
because
A. the existing strain of the disease agent has become more virulent
B. a new strain of the disease agent has been introduced
C. of increased opportunities for transmission
D. of inadequacy of health services
Recall
92.
To establish the existence of an outbreak/epidemic, which of the following should be
done?
A. construct the epidemic curve
B. determine the onset of the epidemic
C. compare the present incidence with the normal expectancy
D. compute and compare the attack rate
Recall
93.
Reducing or exhausting the susceptibles in the area to prevent new cases from developing
would be accomplished if
A. they are quarantined
B. they are attacked by the disease
C. the cases are isolated
D. the cases are adequately treated
Recall
94.
If quarantine is necessary to contain an outbreak/epidemic, who of the following should
be
quarantined?
A. Cases
C. contacts
B. Carriers
D. suspects
Recall
95.
Which type of study is generally utilized in investigating outbreak/epidemics?
A. case series
C. cohort
44
B. case-control
D. interventional
Recall
96.
The initial step in planning for data collection is:
A. Determine the research objectives
C. Specify source of data
B. Identify the data to be collected
D. Choose the appropriate method
Recall
97.
Planning for data collection is based on the:
A. research objectives
C. number of subjects
B. data to be collected
D. time for data collection
Recall
98.
The main consideration in the choice of the method of data collection is the:
A. ability of the method to yield measurements or values that is closest to the true
value
B. availability of resources for data collection
C. acceptability of the method to the subjects
D. ability of the method to achieve good coverage of the study population
Recall
99.
The probability that a test will declare positive those who have the disease is:
A. sensitivity
C. positive predictive value
B. specificity
D. positive likelihood ratio
Recall
100. Characteristic of selection of appropriate and adequate subjects includes:
A. A vital stage in any research activity.
B. Begins with determination of suitable reference or target population and ends with
response of the selected persons to the invitation to join the study.
C. It influences the validity of the study.
D. All of the above
B___1. Adopted children are considered members of:
A. Blended family
B. Nuclear family
C. Extended family
D. Consanguineal family
B___2. Community interaction and independence are encouraged in this family type:
A. Random type family
B. Open type family
C. Close type family
D. Corporate family
B___3. This family assessment tool enables the physician to determine family dynamics
and family health problems:
A. Family Genogram
B. APGAR
C. SCREEM
D. Family Circle
A___4. Present day Filipino families have accepted this family phenomenon:
A. Husband no longer monopolizes as the bread winner
B. Institutionalization of the aged member
C. Parenting is restrictive
D. Authoritative parents
A___5. Family Life Cycle provides the physicians the most important information
45
regarding:
A. sequence of stressful events with familys readjustments to maintain health
and viability
B. weak points are identified for the physician to strengthen
C. bad practices for the physician to correct
D. the dominant person in the family is identified for the physician to solely rely on
him/her
C___6. Considered most challenging stage of the family life cycle :
A. Unattached young adult
t
B. Newly married couple
C. Family with young children
D. Family with adolescent
D___7. This stage of family Life Cycle is characterized by the shifting generational roles:
A. Newly married couple
B. Family with adolescent
C. Launching family
D. Family in later years
D___8. A time for positive growth and creative exploration for the entire family
A. Unattached young adult
B. Newly married couple
C. Family with young children
D. Family with adolescent
C__9 . The most important aspect of health promotion among adolescents
A. Screening
B. Immunization
C. Health education
D. Counseling
46
C__14 Triage is done during this phase of the Emergency Medical Services system:
A. pre-treatment phase
B. preliminary care phase
C. definitive care phase at the receiving facility
D. recuperation phase
A___15. Which of the following is the real primary target of National Immunization Day?
A. Poliomyelitis
B. Tuberculosis
C. Measles
D. Diptheria, pertussis, tetanus
D___16 The main goal of the countrys CARI program is:
A. Early detection of pneumonia cases
B. Prompt treatment of Pneumonia cases
C. Efficient clinical assessment and management of Pneumonia cases
D. Reduction of Pneumonia deaths
A__ 17. To lessen mortality from pneumonia, the CARI program endorses:
A. early diagnosis of pneumonia cases
B. hospital admission of all patients with pneumonia
C. giving oral antibiotics to all children with cough and colds
D. influenza immunization
C___18. With the emergence of cardiovascular as the leading cause of mortality, DOH
formulated the National Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control
Program aimed primarily to:
A. identify high risk individuals
B. treat all identified cases of cardiovascular disease
C. promote healthy lifestyle
D. promote the use of indigenous drugs to treat cases
D__19. Inaccessibility to health care in the Philippines is mostly due to:
A. migration of doctors to other countries
B. lack of health centers and barangay health stations
C. lack of nurses
D. most hospitals, health care facilities and doctors are urban based
B___20. Increased prevalence rate is seen in:
A. increasing population
B. increased survival
C. increased incidence
D. epidemics
B___21. A stage in the Family Life Cycle where parents and grandparents are
encountering crisis as well:
A. Launching
B. Family in later years
C. Family with adolescents
D. Family with young children
A.__22. An example of primary prevention is:
A. Measles immunization
B. self examination of the breast for tumors
C. smoking cessation after a heart attack
D. cervical cytology screening
B__ 24. Births in the Philippines are registered in the municipality or city :
A. where the infants parents live
B. where the infant was born
C. of the parents choice
D. listed as the familys permanent residence
47
C __25. The cause of death coded for the purpose of tabulating mortality statistics is:
A. Immediate cause of death
B. intermediate cause of death
C. underlying cause of death
D. antecedent cause of death
B__26 . The registration of death in the Philippines as specified by law must be done
not later than:
A. 24 hours after death
B. 48 hours after death
C. 2 weeks after death
D. 30 days after death
C__27.
A.
B.
C.
D.
A__28 Accumulation of this metal in organs and tissues of humans has been linked to
brain damage:
A. mercury
B. aluminum
C. lead
D. silver
B__ 29 This CFC offender is ozone safe and does not contain chlorine:
A. HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbons)
B. HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons)
C. Hydrocarbons
D. Chlorofluorocarbons
B__ .30. Method of food preservation which prevents multiplication of bacteria without
destroying them:
A. preserving
B. refrigeration
C. fermentation
D. pickling
C__31 . Most important test to determine if the water is potentially dangerous:
A. physical examination
B. biological examination
C. bacteriological examination
D. chemical examination
B___32. The coliform count from a well is 35/100 cc. The treatment required is:
A. Rejection of sources
B. Standard treatment
C. Double treatment
D. Triple treatment
A___33. Milk is best preserved by this method:
A. Sterilization
B. Boiling
C. Freezing
D. Adding sodium benzoate
48
C___34. Of the following devices for excreta disposal, the most dangerous in
contaminating ground water is:
A. Chemical privy
B. Pail system
C. Bored hole latrine
D. Septic tank
B___35 The concentration of which of the following greenhouse gases is affected by
deforestation
A. Water vapor
Chlorofluorocarbons
C. Methane
D. Nitrous oxide
B.
B___36. Formation of sticky precipitates of soap with water indicates that the water is:
A. Polluted
B. Hard
C. Contaminated
D. Soft
D___37. Increase in which of the following in drinking water is associated with
Alzheimers disease
A. Antimony
B. Zinc
C. Silver
D. Aluminum
B___38. Dissolved gases and odors in water are removed by:
A. Filtration
C. Sedimentation
B. Aeration
D. Coagulation
D___39. Chlorination of water is directed towards:
A. Bad taste
C. Turbidity
B. Odor
D. Bacteria
B___ 40. The recommendedl refuse disposal method for hospital is:
A. Dumping
B. Incineration
C. Recycling
D. Composting
A___41. The cheapest and most frequently used refuse disposal in the community
but can result to water and air pollution is:
A. Dumping
B. Sanitary landfill
C. Incineration]
D. Reduction and salvage
C__42.
A.
B.
C.
D.
49
50
D__54. Which of the following will make a country a priority for international aid?
A. IMR of 5/1000 livebirths
B. IMR of 15/1000 livebirths
C. IMR of 20/1000 livebirths
D. IMR of 50/1000 livebirths
B__55. The ideal denominator for Maternal Mortality Rate but cannot be used :
A. Total livebirths
B. Number of pregnant women
C. Total births
D. Midyear population
A__56. Most commonly used index of fertility:
A. Crude Birth Rate
B. General Fertility Rate
C. Age Specific Birth Rate
D. Total Fertility Rate
C__57. Regarding exposure and outcome a relative risk of 15 for a certain disease
means:
A. Non causal association
B. Beneficial association
C. Harmful association
D. Definite causal association
be:
Every month
Every 6 months
Every year
Whenever convenient
A__61. For high risk elderly women Paps smear should be done:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Annually
Every 2 years
Every 3 years
Every 5 years
C__62. The earliest reliable predictor of pneumonia in the CARI Program is:
A. cyanosis
B. chest indrawing
C. tachypnea
D. lethargy
B__63. In the CARI Program a child with productive cough must be given:
A. Antitussives
51
B. A lot of fluids
C. Expoectorants
D. Antibiotics
C__64. In the CARI Program the diagnosis for a 6-month old child with RR = 60/min,
Chest , indrawing, intercostal and subcostal retraction but without cyanosis
A. No pneumonia
B. Pneumonia
C. Severe pneumonia
D. Very severe pneumonia
A__ 65. The first line of antibiotic regimen under the CARI Program:
A. oral Co-trimoxazole
B. procaine penicillin
C. chloramphenicol
D. gentamicin
B__66 So that an epidemic of chicken pox will not occur the best control measure is:
a. quarantine of cases
b. isolation of cases
c. control of animal reservoir
d. surveillance of cases
D__67.
A.
B.
C.
D.
A. environmental sanitation
B. oral rehydration therapy with ORESOL
C. public education
D. immunization
A__69. A very early sign of dehydration in a child with diarrhea:
A. thirst
B. sunken eyes
C. increased pulse and breathing rates
D. somnolence
D__70. Primary reason for inclusion of glucose in oral rehydration solution:
A. as a source of calorie
B. for palatability
C. to increase the nutritive value
D. to help in the absorption of sodium
B__71. A. proportionate Mortality indicator:
A. Age-sex specific death rate
B. Swaroops index
C. Infant Mortality Rate
D. Neonatal Mortality Rate
52
C. Therapeutic trial
D. Intervention trial
B__73. The most accurate relative risk is the one established in:
A. case-control study
B. cohort prospective
C. cohort retrospective
D. cross-sectional study
E. all of the above
D. cohort
E. experimental
C__78. The most important thing to consider in the selection of cases in a case-control
study:
A.
B.
C.
D.
53
D__81. The study design where the investigator has control over the conditions of the
study:
A.
B.
C.
D.
cross-sectional
case-control
cohort
experimental
B__ 84. The probability sampling method that assures adequate representation of
minority sub-groups
A. Systematic sampling
B. Stratified sampling
C. Cluster sampling
D. Simple random sampling
:
C__85. Management of infants with diarrhea under the CDD Program
A. Rest the stomach by fasting for a day
B. Shift from breastfeeding to lactose free formula
C. Add vegetable oil to food
D. Start co-trimoxazole after 6 episodes of diarrhea
D__86.
A.
B.
C.
D.
B__ 87.The most common complication associated with BCG vaccination is:
convulsion
suppurative lymphadenitis
encephalitis
reactivation of TB
B__ 88.The management for an infant who developed a 10 mm red, tender swelling at
54
A.
B.
C.
D.
relative
absolute
attributable
odds ratio
55
56
6. The main case finding strategy advocated in the National Tuberculosis Program is:
A. chest radiography
B. sputum microscopy
C. DOTS
D. Mantoux test
7. Based on the national Malaria control program, the currently recommended principal
measure directed against the mosquito vectors in Malaria is:
A. biologic vector control
B. residual spraying with DDT
C. use of chemical impregnated mosquito nets
D. sterilization of male mosquitoes
8. The Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) requires the delivery of the
following service(s) for a child who visit a physicians clinic for any health related
problems:
A. routine immunization
B. breastfeeding education for the mother
C. proper and adequate nutrition counseling
D. all of the above
9. The most cost effective preventive measure for the control of cardiovascular diseases:
A. CVD screening using ECG
B. environmental cleanliness
C. primordial prevention of CVD risk factor
D. genetic counseling
10. This is an essential health service that is available, accessible and affordable by the community:
A. social care
B. preventive medicine
C. medical care
D. primary health care
11.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The following level of health care does NOT belong to primary level:
teacher health guardians
emergency hospital
rural health unit
rural health midwife
12. Which of the following measures has the greatest impact on community health?
A. provision of social services
B. provision of potable water supply
C. immunization
D. medical care of the sick
13. The health status of a community may be measured or expressed in terms of:
A. availability and utilization of health care services
B. availability of public utilities
C. its statistical indices of morbidity and mortality
D. all of the above
14. Community planning should start with:
A. formation of objectives
B. identification of roles and their relationships
C. educational analysis
D. determination of resources
15. The local health department is usually associated with this type of health care planning:
A. morbidity planning
B. population-based planning
C. institution-based planning
D. financial planning
57
58
27. BCG vaccine is given according to the Expanded Program on Immunization of the Philippines, at what age?
A. 3 months
B. 6 months
C. at birth
D. 9 months
28. Control TB infectivity is best achieved by:
A. isolation
B. personal hygiene and cleanliness
C. prompt specific drug treatment
D. education
29. The Department of Health currently recommends the most effective mode of anti-TB treatment by:
A. two-week monitoring
B. directly observed therapy
C. home visits
D. health center based follow-up
30. During a diarrhea bout, breastfeeding of this infant should be
A. stopped and substitute with a lactose-free formula
B. temporarily discontinued
C. given more often
D. limited
31. A program in the control of communicable diarrheal diseases by the Department of Health:
A. hydrotherapy
B. oresol therapy
C. physiotherapy
D. use of intravenous fluids
32. Screening of children has been proven cost-effective for all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. hypertension
B. iron-deficiency anemia
C. vision impairment
D. tuberculosis
33. The Civil registry Law includes the registration of
A. Births and marriages
B. births, sickness and marriages
C. births, deaths, marriages
D. births, deaths, sicknesses, marriages
34. A 28 day old infant is classified as:
A. neonatal mortality
B. fetal neonatal mortality
C. post-neonatal mortality
D. perinatal mortality
35. The denominator in getting the sex ratio in a population is
A. number of females
B. number of fertile females
C. number of fertile males
D. number of males
36. An investigator reported three cases of carcinoma of the lungs among workers in a cement plant. This type of
study is best described as
A. Cohort
B. Case series
C. Case report
D. Case control .
37. The major activities undertaken in the maternal and child health program does NOT include
A. Immunization of pregnant mothers against measles
B. proper pneumonia prevention
C. promotion of prenatal care
D. monitoring of growth and health status of infants and children
59
38. One of the major determinants of the degree to which chance affects the findings in any particular study is
A. statistical testing
B. sample size
C. randomization
D. bias
39. Hepatitis B spread is NOT known to occur in
A. eating food
B. sexual contacts
C. household contact
D. mother to child transmission in perinatal period
40. What kind of epidemiologic study should be done to determine the cause of an unusual infection?
A. experimental studies
B. analytic study
C. descriptive study
D. none of these
41. One of the following is NOT descriptive of a young population
A. population pyramid with a wide base
B. median age of 20-24 years
C. crude birth rate greater than 30/1000
D. dependency ratio of 1:1
42. Specific health protection can be carried out by
A. Immunization
B. chemotherapy
C. Health education
D. A and B only
43. The Expanded Program on Immunization is concerned with this particular age group:
A. Infants below 1 yr, school entrance, and pregnant women
B. Infants below 6 mos, pre-schoolers, and pregnant women
C. Neonates, pre-schoolers, and post-partum women
D. Infants of any age, school children, and pregnant women
44. The recommended age for the start of DPT-OPV immunization under the government EPI is
A. 8 weeks
B. 10 weeks
C. 6 weeks
D. 12 weeks
45. An example of artificial active immunity is one that is derived from
A. giving of gamma globulin
B. vaccination
C. actual illness
D. transplacental passage of antibodies
46. Controlled studies mean
A. An experiment is being done
B. There is a comparison group
C. the characteristics of the participants are all the same
D. a group is not to be given the experimental procedure
47. A study was done to prove that co-trimoxazole is more effective than other drugs in treating respiratory tract
infections in ambulatory patients in a community. The suitable control group will receive
A. Another drug for respiratory infections
B. The standard drug for treating respiratory infections
C. another experimental drug for respiratory infection
D. a placebo
48. A comparison or control groups is NOT necessary in
A. Prospective studies
B. Retrospective studies
C. experimental studies
D. descriptive studies
60
Describes the distribution of cases by the variables of person, time, and place in order to study and explain
acute outbreaks of disease and to develop hypothesis about disease transmission:
A. Case control studies
B. Analytic studies
C. descriptive studies
D. Experimental studies
52.
Descriptive studies do
A. Draw inferences about cause and effect
B. Predict outcome
C. not have a sample size estimation
D. not require a hypothesis
53.
54.
A study comparing the prevalence of hepatitis B infection among government and private hospitals falls
under
A. Descriptive study
B. Cohort study
C. case-control
D. cross-sectional
55.
A well-defined group of people who have had a common experience or exposure who are then followed up
for the incidence of new diseases or events is a
A. Variable
B. Sample
C. Case
D. Cohort
56.
57.
A study is planned to determine if there are more users of oral contraceptives among patients with
thrombophlebitis than among well persons. To achieve the objective, which of the following type of studies
is most appropriate?
A. Clinical
B. Descriptive
C. concurrent cohort
D. case control
58.
In a cohort study of the association of leukemia with x-ray exposure, the relative risk was found to be 3.
What does this mean?
A. Those with x-ray exposure have threefold probability of developing leukemia
B. X-ray exposure protects the person from developing leukemia
C. there is no association between leukemia and x-ray exposure
D. none of the above
61
59.
Which of the following study designs most appropriately illustrates this case history: A total of 200 newly
diagnosed patients with endometrial cancer are allocated to treatment with either surgical removal alone or
surgical removal plus radiation treatment
A. Clinical trial
B. Case-control study
C. case series report
D. cohort study
60.
The observational study in which subjects are sampled based on the presence or absence of a risk factor of
interest. These subjects are followed over time for the development of a disease outcome
A. Case-control study
B. Ecologic study
C. cohort study
D. cross-sectional study
61.
62.
"In a frequency distribution, the value that divides the observed values into two parts is the
A. median and mode
B. median
C. mean
D. mode
63.
If there is an inherent order or progression among categories, they are said to be measure by:
A. numerical scale
B. nominal scale
C. discrete scale
D. ordinal scale
64.
To represent the trend over time in crude birth rate and crude death rate in a given province, the best graph to
use is a:
A. bar
B. histogram
C. line diagram
D. frequency polygon
65.
The rate that measures the probability of a person dying in a year regardless of age, sex, race, etc is:
A. case fatality rate
B. neonatal mortality rate
C. crude death rate
D. specific death rate
66.
The following indices use the midyear population as the denominator, EXCEPT:
A. crude birth rate
B. measles incidence rate
C. crude death rate
D. proportionate mortality rate
62
A.
B.
C.
D.
75.
63
a.
b.
c.
d.
86. A physician wants to determine the prevalence of parasitism among school children in an
urban area. There is great variability in the economic status in that locality. On one hand, most
children in private schools come from affluent families, and on the other hand, most children
from public schools come from poor families. The most appropriate type of sampling
methodology to use in this situation is:
A. simple random sampling
C. stratified random sampling
B. systematic sampling
D. multi-stage sampling
87. Philhealth benefits vary according to the following except:
A. Relative unit value of surgery
B. Actual cost of care
C. Type of hospital
D. Type of physician
88. One can be reasonably sure that the hypothesized cause preceded the occurrence of the
disease and that disease status did not differentially influence the selection of subjects by study
factor level in a:
A. Cross-sectional study
C. Case-control using prevalent cases
B. Cohort study
D. Experimental study design
89. The following method of data analysis is most relevant for the cohort study design:
A. Prevalence odds ratio
B. Prevalence rate
C. Odds ratio
D. Relative risk
90. This is a sampling method wherein every subject falling within a fixed sampling interval
is obtained from a population N which is arranged in some definite way:
A. Simple random sampling
B. Systematic sampling
C. Stratified sampling
D. Cluster sampling
91. When a researcher wants to test for the association between two categorical variables, the
appropriate statistic to use is:
a. Chi square
b. T test
c. Analysis of variance
d. Correlation coefficient
93. The rate that measures the probability of a person dying in a year regardless of age, sex,
race, etc is:
A. case fatality rate
B. neonatal mortality rate
B. Self-administered questionnaire
C. Observation
D. Review of documents
64
95. Used to describe the relative importance of different fatal disease in the population of
different age, sex, occupation etc.
b. Rainwater
c. Surface water
d. Brackish water
100. The primary disinfectant in water treatment:
a. Fluorine
b. Chlorine
c. Aluminum sulfate
d. Ferric sulfate
SOURCES:
Beaglehole, Bonita, Kjellstrom; BASIC EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDENTS TEXT, World
Health Organization, July 1990
Clark, D., MacMahon, B: PREVENTIVE AND COMMUNITY MEDICINE, 2ND ed 1981
DOH Health Programs Manual
Gupta, M.; Mahajan, B: TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE, 3rd ed
2003
65
66
B. Extended
C. Single Parent
D. Blended
Answer: D - Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine pp. 14-15
7. The family life cycle starts with this stage:
A. Newly Married Couple
B. Family With Young Children
C. Unattached Young Adult
D. Family With Adolescents
Answer C: Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 18
8. In the family APGAR, resolve is elicited by
A. asking if the family supports the patient in his desire for progress
B. looking into patient's desire to openly communicate problems with the family
C. Asking if the patient feels loved by family members
D. inquiring if the patient is given adequate time by the members of the family
Answer D: Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 41
9. Which of the following does not describe the CURRENT state of the Philippine health
situation?
A. Double burden of disease
B. Continuing threat from emerging and resurgent diseases
C. Highly centralized health care system
D. Large variations in health status across population and socioeconomic groups
Answer C: Filipino Report Card on Health, Social Weather Stations Survey 2000
11. A score of 8 on the family APGAR indicates:
A. A highly functional family
B. A moderately dysfunctional family
C. A severely dysfunctional family
D. A large, extended family structure
Answer A - : Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 41
13. Which of the following parameters are evaluated in SCREEM?
A. Entrepreneurial
B. Economic
C. Resolve
D. Mental
Answer B - Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 48
14. A dashed line (-------) that connects a male and female couple in the family genogram
denotes
A. a married couple
B. a legally separated couple
C. a consanguinous marriage
D. live-in partners
Answer D - Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 46
67
16. You should use an 'arrow' symbol in your patient's genogram to signify:
A. The index patient
B. The head of the family
C. Death in the family
D. Provider of the family
Answer A - Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 36
17. Stage in the illness trajectory experienced by the patient and family members prior to contact
with medical care providers
A. Onset of illness
B
B. Impact Phase
C C. Major therapeutic efforts
D D. Early adjustment to outcomes
Answer A - Proceedings of the orientation course in Family Medicine p. 29
18. The most catastrophic form of Cerebrovascular Accident
A. Lacunar
B. Thromoboembolic
C. Hemorrhagic
D. Transient ischemic attack
Answer C Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine 14th ed. P. 2342
19. Chronic bronchitis is a disorder in which productive cough is present in most days
A. for at least 2 months of the year, for more than 3 consecutive years
B. for at least 3 months of the year, for more than 2 consecutive years
C. for at least 2 months of the year, for more than 2 consecutive years
D. for at least 3 months of the year, for more than 3 consecutive years
Answer B - Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine 14th ed p. 1451
20. It measures what is supposed to be measured refers to:
A. Specificity
C. Validity
B. Sensitivity
D. Reliability
Answer D. Epidemiology by Gordis p. 74
21. In Epidemiology, it is defined as the proportion of the true negatives correctly identified by
the test.
A. Specificity
B. Sensitivity
C. Validity
D. Reliability
Answer A. Epidemiology by Gordis p. 59
22. It is one with potentially an infinite number of possible values in any interval.
A. Continuous variable
B. Bulbous variable
C. Categorical variable
D. Discrete variable
Answer A Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 5
23. Another name for ranking scale, it has an implicit order relationship.
A. Nominal
68
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio Scales
Answer B - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 5
24. The most frequently occurring value in a series of observations:
A. Frequency distribution
B. Median
C. Weighted mean
D. Mode
Answer D - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 173
25. The highest score minus the lowest score equals the:
A. Percentile rank
B. Interquartile difference
C. Range
D. Standard deviation
Answer C - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 183
26. The square root of variance:
A. Standard deviation
B. Interquartile range
C. Percentile
D. Kurtosis
Answer A - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 188
27. This measure compares standard deviations between several investigations examining the
same variable:
A. Coefficient of variation
B. Fractional integer
C. Frequency distribution
D. Quartile deviation
Answer A - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 189
28. All of the following are true of the normal distribution EXCEPT:
A. It is symmetrical about the mean
B. It is completely determined by 2 parameters: the mean and the standard deviation
C. It has different values for the mean, median, and the mode
D. It has long tapering tails that extend infinitely in either direction without touching the X
axis
Answer C Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al pp.
208-209
29. The weight of Filipino babies at birth was measured and found to have a mean of 2500 grams
and a standard deviation of 300 grams. Which of the following statements is true?
A. 68.5% of the babies would have a weight ranging from 2200 to 2500 grams
B. 95% of the babies would have a weight ranging from 1900 to 3100 grams
C. 99.7% of Filipino babies would have a weight between 2200 and 2800 grams
D. All of the babies measured will have a weight between 2200 and 2500 grams
Answer B - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 211
69
30. Which of the following measures central of tendency will have the highest value in a
distribution that is skewed to the left?
A. Average
B. Mean
C. Median
D. Mode
Answer D - Foundations of statistical analysis for the Health Sciences by Mendoza et. al p. 179
31.First step in a research process
a. Introduction
b. Research objective
c. Hypothesis
d. Conceptual definition
e. Research problem
Answer C- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.33
32.The frequency distribution of the sample mean that is generated by performing
repeated sampling and obtaining the mean from each sample is called
a. Sampling distribution
b. Percentage tabulation
c. Frequency tabulation
d. None of the above
Answer A- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.21
33.This refers to a statement about the value of a population parameter which is either rejected or
not rejected in hypothesis testing
a. Research question
b. Null hypothesis
c. Alternative hypothesis
d. Statistical decision
Answer B- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.33
34.The test statistic that is used to compare the proportions of three different groups is
a.
b.
c.
d.
z-test
t-test
Chi-square test
Linear regression
d. type II error
Answer C- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.37
38.In a study to compare the efficacy of two drugs, the statement The proportion of patients
that are cured by Drug A is the same as that by Drug B, is called a
a.
b.
c.
d.
Null hypothesis
Alternative hypothesis
Statistical decision
Research synthesis
A. Case report
B. Ecological study
C. Cross-sectional study
D. Case control study
E. Case series
Answer E- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.64
53.Recall bias is a common problem in what type of study
a. Case report
b. Ecological study
c. Cross-sectional study
d. Case control study
e. Cohort study
Answer D- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.63
54. A study that establishes the association between risk factor and outcome variable
a.Case report
b.Ecological study
c.Cross-sectional study
d.Case control study
e.Cohort study
Answer E- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.62
55.In epidemiologic studies, the identification of causal factors is based on the experience of
a.An individual
b.A group of individuals
c. Experimentation
d. None of the above
Answer B- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.68
56.This refers to statistical procedures that allow valid generalization of results from a sample to
the population it is supposed to represent
a.Statistical Association
b.Causal Association
c.Descriptive statistics
d.Statistical inference
Answer d- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.1
57.When one sets of the maximum probability of making an error of rejecting the null hypothesis
when it is true, he is specifying the
a.Critical region
b.Statistical test
c.Level of Significance
d.Power
Answer C- High-Yield Biostatistics by Lippincott Williams& Wilkins p.34
58.In statistical inference, this term refers to the total collection of elements of interest
a.Population
b.Sample
c.Parameter
d.Statistic
73
Ans. A- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
83. An Act prohibiting the sale, distribution and manufacture of counterfeit drugs:
A. RA 8302
B. RA 8023
C. RA 8203
D. RA 8032
Ans. A- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
84. The Clean Air Act of 1999 was enacted on:
A. June 23, 1998
B. July 28,1999
C. July 27,1999
D. July 27,1998
Ans. D- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
86. Included in the mandate of this act is the reporting of HIV/ AIDS positive individuals for the
purpose of monitoring AIDS cases in the Philippines:
A. HIV monitoring and control act of 1997
B. Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998
C. Philippine AIDS Control Act of 1998
D. AIDS ACT of 1997
Ans. B- http://www.doh.gov.ph/health_laws.htm
87.When was the Alma Ata declaration initially intended to be achieved?
a. Year 1990
b. Year 2000
c. Year 2015
d. Undetermined
Ans B -Health for all beyond 2000: the demise of the Alma-Ata Declaration and Primary Health
Care in developing countries; John Hall and Richard Taylor entitled "
88.When are the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) initially intended to be achieved?
a.Year 1990
b.Year 2000
c.Year 2015
d.Undetermined
Ans. C-HTTP://www.un.org/millenniumgoals
89.Which of the following is not a direct health-related MDGs?
a.Reduce child mortality by two-thirds among children under five
b.Improve maternal health by reducing maternal mortality by three-quarters
c.Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases
d.Achieve universal primary education
Ans. d-HTTP://www.un.org/millenniumgoals
90.Which of the following is not an MDG?
a.Achieve universal primary education
b.Promote gender equality and empower women
c.Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases
d.Achieve Universal health promotion activities
Ans. D-HTTP://www.un.org/millenniumgoals
91.Which approach enumerated below emphasizes the need for community participation in
achieving betterment for health?
a.Primary Care Approach
b.Millennium Development Goals
c.Primary Health Care approach
77
79
Ans C -Health for all beyond 2000: the demise of the Alma-Ata Declaration and Primary
Health Care in developing countries; John Hall and Richard Taylor entitled "
100.According to the WHO, health is defined as:
a..Not merely the absence of disease
b.The absence of infirmity
c.The complete physical, mental and social well-being of a person
d.All of the above
e.None of the above
Ans D-Health for all beyond 2000: the demise of the Alma-Ata Declaration and
Primary Health Care in developing countries; John Hall and Richard Taylor entitled "
1. In what case should a family case conference or meeting be of least help?
B. devolution
C. reorganization
D. restructuring
D. toxic goiter
17. One of the following medicinal plants contains vinca alkaloids and may be
used as an anticancer agent
A. adelfa
B. aloe vera
C. rosas de baybayon
D. tawa-tawa
18. When garlic is used to lower cholesterol, it should not be
A. broiled
B. soaked in vinegar
C. fried
D. raw
19. Stability of vitamins under refrigeration
A. agent-environment interaction
B. host-environment interaction
C. human host-agent interaction
D. agent-host-environment interaction
20. Second line of defense against disease agents
A. secretions
B. respiratory cilia
C. mucous membranes and nails
D. lymph glands
21. Per single period of confinement a general practitioner will be paid by the
Philhealth
A.
B.
C.
D.
500 pesos/day
150 pesos/day
300 pesos/day
200 pesos/day
nuclear
extended
blended
communal
coalition
alliance
role selection
boundaries
31. In APGAR, this measures the satisfaction attained in solving problems by the
communicating
A.
B.
C.
D.
Affection
Resolve
Adaptation
Partnership
32. A mother who insists to accompany her son enrolling in medicine proper
during the routine physical exam in school
A. Triangulation
B. Coalition
C. Disengagement
D. Enmeshment
33. A daughter sides with her mother regarding their problem with the father.
They accuse the father having another woman
A.
B.
C.
D.
coalition
disengagement
triangulation
enmeshment
34. A family with three children ages 9, 10, and 15 living with their
grandparents in the city have adopted a 2-year old boy. The familys APGAR
is 3. This familys function is
A.
B.
C.
D.
normal
mildly dysfunctional
moderately dysfunctional
severely dysfunctional
specific protection
rehabilitation
disability limitation
early diagnosis and prompt treatment
A.
B.
C.
D.
sheltered workshop
half-way homes
occupational therapy
improvement in working conditions in dusty industries
41. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment in cancer include the following except
A. Recruitment and training of specialists
B. Self-examination of breast
C. Cancer detection centers
D. Selective examination
42. Ability to stimulate the host to produce agglutinins, opsonins, antitoxins, etc.
A.
Pathogenicity
B.
Virulence
C.
Antigenicity
D.
Infectivity
43.Measure of ability of an agent when lodged in the body to set up local or
general tissue reaction
A. Pathogenicity
B. Virulence
C. Infectivity
D. incubation period
44. The most relevant part of the death certificate because it is the one counted
in the statistics since it is the basic condition which began the train of events
which led to death
A.
immediate cause of death
B.
intervening cause of death
C.
intermedial cause of death
D.
underlying antecedent cause
45. Which of the following is true regarding physiologic adjustments in
temperature?
A. The percent of the body surface wetted with sweat decreases with the
need to lose heat until maximum sweating occurs.
B. The sweat, which runs off, the body is of great value in removing heat
from the body, since heat is lost only when sweat is evaporated.
C. If the temperature and humidity are both high, the body may be
unable to lose sufficient heat.
D. Men do not voluntarily replace the water lost by sweating; the
sensation thirst is quite adequate.
46. Relation of high temperature and humidity to physical work
A. Muscular work contributes little to the total body heat load than
environmental conditions
B. Rectal temperature is most closely related to the rate of physical
work
C. The capacity of a man to work drops off at high temperature because
of lack of oxygen supply.
D. A marked increase in lactic acid in the blood limits the capacity of man
to work at high temperature.
47. If the body is immersed in cold water, rather than cold air
A. body temperature falls gradually
B. air conducts heat faster than water
C. air has a higher specific heat value
B. laser printers
C. Xerox machines
D. Microwave oven
57. A 20-year-old female in respiratory distress was brought to the emergency
room for intentional ingestion of a poisonous substance. Of the following,
which is the most appropriate thing to do first.
A.
B.
C.
D.
72. When shellfish is harvested from a contaminated area, it should purge before
consumption for approximately:
A. 1 day
B. 1 week
C. 2 weeks
D. 2 days
73. One of the neurotoxins found in coal:
A. cadmium
B. chromium
C. manganese
D. arsenic
and other rodents are the reservoir and source of several diseases of
man except
A.
B.
C.
D.
schistosomiasis
salmonellosis
dengue hemorrhagic fever
plague
absolute quarantine
modified quarantine
isolation
surveillance
84. What type of sampling technique is used for Man-in-the-street surveys and
interviews among senior citizens who drop in at a health booth in SM City?
A. simple random
B. systematic
C. haphazard
D. cluster
85. What is the ability of a study to demonstrate an association if one exists?
A. alpha
B. P value
C. power
D. Type II error
86. In contrast to observational studies, experimental research:
A. attempts to describe prevailing trends occurring in a population
B. empirically tests a cause-effect relationship among variables
C. requires two or more population groups in a study
D. identifies risk factors accompanying the independent variable
87. Any of the following may be included as an exposure in health research
except:
A. potential risk factor
B. The outcome being studied
C. The treatment or therapy
D. A health problem
88. The following are impact programs of DOH except
A. soil-transmitted helminthes disease control
B. rabies control
C. malaria control
D. environmental health services
89. Type of outbreak where exposure is brief and all cases develop within one
incubation period of the disease.
A. common source outbreak with intermittent exposure
B. common source outbreak with continuous exposure
C. point source outbreak
D. propagated outbreak
90. A distribution that is negatively skewed hasA. higher frequency on the right
B. higher frequency on the left
C. a flatter distribution than the normal distribution
D. a more peaked distribution than the normal distribution
91. Which has a wider interval?
A. 80% confidence interval
B. 90% confidence interval
C. 95% confidence interval
D. 99% confidence interval
92. Aims to reveal the existing gaps in knowledge regarding the problem being studied
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.33
0.50
0.67
1.5