DESIGN SERVICE FOR PROPOSED GENTEC

STORAGE TANK FARM

FIRE AND GAS SPECIFICATION

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001

3.0

07-12-15

Issued for Construction

U.J

SA

OA

2.0

30-11-15

Issued for Review

U.J

SA

OA

1.0

20-11-15

Issued for Interdiscipline Check

U.J

SA

OA

Rev

Date

Revision Status

Prepared By

Checked By

Approved By

Design Service for Proposed Gentec Storage Tank Farm

Fire and Gas Specification

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 5

1.1

PROJECT OVERVIEW .................................................................................. 5

1.2

DOCUMENT OBJECTIVES ........................................................................... 5

APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS ....................................................................... 5

2.1

CODES AND STANDARDS .......................................................................... 5

2.2

ORDER OF PRECEDENCE .......................................................................... 6

2.3

REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 6

REQUIREMENTS FOR DETECTION EQUIPMENT PER LOCATION ............................... 7

3.1

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................ 7

3.2

STORAGE TANKS ........................................................................................ 7

3.3

LOADING GANTRY ....................................................................................... 7

3.4

SWITCHGEAR ROOM .................................................................................. 8

3.5

GENERATOR HOUSE .................................................................................. 8

3.6

PPH ............................................................................................................... 8

3.7

FWPH ............................................................................................................ 8

3.8

GATEHOUSE ................................................................................................ 8

DETECTION SYSTEMS..................................................................................................... 9

4.1

FIRE DETECTION ......................................................................................... 9

4.2

SMOKE DETECTION .................................................................................... 9

4.3

HEAT DETECTION........................................................................................ 9

AUDIO, VISUAL, MANUAL ALARM CALL POINTS ......................................................... 9

5.1

AUDIBLE ALARM .......................................................................................... 9

5.2

VISUAL ALARM ........................................................................................... 10

5.3

MANUAL ALARM CALL POINTS ................................................................ 10

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS (FIRE WATER SYSTEMS) ............................................ 10

6.1

FIRE WATER SYSTEMS............................................................................. 10

6.2

FIRE WATER NETWORK ........................................................................... 10

6.3

FIRE WATER STORAGE TANK .................................................................. 11

6.4

FIRE WATER PUMP ................................................................................... 11

6.5

FIRE HOSES ............................................................................................... 11

6.6

SPRINKLER SYSTEM ................................................................................. 12

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Fire and Gas Specification

6.7
7.0

8.0

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

DELUGE SYSTEM ............................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS (FOAM SYSTEMS) ....................................................... 12

7.1

FOAM SYSTEMS ........................................................................................ 12

7.2

FOAM CONCENTRATION .......................................................................... 12

7.3

FOAM PROPORTIONING SYSTEM ........................................................... 13

7.4

FIXED FOAM PROPORTIONING SYSTEM ................................................ 13

7.5

TESTING OF PROPORTIONING EQUIPMENT .......................................... 14

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS (PORTABLE EXTINGUISHERS) .................................. 14

8.1

PORTABLE EXTINGUISHERS ................................................................... 14

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Fire and Gas Specification

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

ABBREVIATIONS
AGO

Automotive Gas Oil (Diesel)

API

American Petroleum Institute

DPK

Dual Purpose Kerosene

FACP

Fire Alarm Control Panel

FM

Factory Manual

F&G

Fire & Gas

FGS

Fire and Gas System

FWP

Fire Water Pump

FWPH

Fire Water Pump House

HMI

Human Machine Interface

IR

Infrared

LSHH

Level Switch High High

LSLL

Level Switch Low Low

MACP

Manual Alarm Call Points

NFPA

National Fire Protection Act

PB

Push Button

PC

Personal Computer

PMS

Premium Motor Spirit (Petrol)

PLC

Programmable Logic Controller

PPH

Pump Product House

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Design Service for Proposed Gentec Storage Tank Farm

Fire and Gas Specification

1.0
1.1

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

INTRODUCTION
Project Overview
It is the intention of Gentec Oil and Gas Limited to build three new storage tanks
comprising of white products (PMS, AGO and DPK). The work shall determine the modern
use for the terminal space and ensure a design is reached in line with industry standard
and meeting regulatory requirements.
In view of this, Crystaquantum Solutions Ltd. has been awarded the contract to carry out
this assessment and the requisite design to meet industry and regulatory requirement.
This facility is intended to majorly hold storage of white products:

Premium Motor Spirit (PMS)

Automotive Gas Oil (AGO)
Dual Purpose Kerosene (DPK)

The facility comprises of three (3) product tanks:

1 no.(ABJ-0103) PMS tank with fixed aluminium cone roof and internal floating skin
1 no. (ABJ-0203) AGO storage tank with fixed aluminium cone roof.
1 no. (ABJ-0302) DPK storage tank with fixed aluminium cone roof.
White product truck loading area is equipped with 2 Loading Islands with 3 Loading
Arms.
A pump station housing four (PBA-0104/05, PBA-0203 and PBA-0302) white
product loading pump.
One (ABJ-0403) slop tank and one (ABH-0103) Oil-Water Separator.

Fire fighting system includes a 1 no. (ABJ-0503) fire water tank, two (PBE-0507/08) fire
water pumps and one (PBE-0509) electric jockey pump, as well as water and foam
distribution systems to meet the firefighting requirement.
1.2

Document Objectives
This document sets out the basic Fire and Gas philosophy and principles guiding the
deployment of Fire and Gas protection system on the Gentec Tank Farm project.
The Fire protection system which includes Fire water Pumping system, Fire Hydrant
System, Fire Detection & Alarm System, Automatic Operated Water Spray System and
Hand Appliances suitable for the type of risk/fire for different buildings, equipments,
product storage tanks, loading gantry and other basic facilities recommended for bulk
storage.
Fire and Gas protection system shall be used to provide overall fire monitoring and
control in the Building and Operational Structures areas.

2.0
2.1

APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS

Codes and Standards
Fire and Gas Systems for Gentec Tank Farm Project shall be designed and constructed
in accordance with the applicable issues of referenced specifications and latest edition
of the codes and standards.
These shall include but not be limited to the following:
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Fire and Gas Specification

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

INDUSTRY STANDARDS

2.2

Document

Document Title

NFPA 10

Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers

NFPA 11

Standard for Low-, Medium, and High-Expansion

Foam,

NFPA 13

Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems,

NFPA 15

Standard for water spray fixed systems for fire

protection

NFPA 16

Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water

Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems

NFPA 20

Standard for the installation of stationery pumps

for fire Protection

NFPA 25

Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and

Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection
Systems

NFPA 30

Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code

NFPA 45

Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using

Chemicals

NFPA 72

National Fire Alarm Code

Order of Precedence
In case of conflict between the requirements of this specification and other document
referenced herein, the following order of precedence shall normally be used in
decreasing order of priority:

Local regulations governing health and safety

This specification
Referenced project specifications
National and international codes and standards

It shall be the Contractors responsibility to bring to COMPANYs attention any

discrepancy between the documents. The Contractor shall not proceed with any such
aspect of the work until he has received all necessary confirmation, in writing from the
COMPANY.
2.3

References
This philosophy should be read in conjunction with the following documents and
drawings:

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Fire and Gas Specification

3.0
3.1

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

Process Operating Philosophy

Project Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs)
Project Utility and Instrumentation Diagrams (U&IDs)

REQUIREMENTS FOR DETECTION EQUIPMENT PER LOCATION

General Requirements
This section identifies the requirements for the various types of Fire and Gas detection
and protection equipments for each of the major locations and types of storage
equipment.

3.2
3.2.1

Storage Tanks
Fixed Roof Storage Tanks with Internal Floating Skin
The tanks will have basic protection from primary safety features such as re-circulation
vent which is suitable for this category of tanks. The tanks will have additional risk
reduction measures which are listed below:
Arrays of water sprinklers positioned around the tank shell and as well as on the
roof.
IR3 flame detectors positioned such that all angles, inlet and outlet valves from
the storage tanks are in its line of site.
Facilities to shut down product pumps and isolate all tanks.
Fixed fire water supply and ring main.
Foam system for base foam injection.

3.2.2

Fixed Roof Storage Tanks

Protection for these tanks is achieved with a pressure vacuum relief valve (breather
valve) as re-circulating vents will not be effective. The tanks will have additional risk
reduction measures which are listed below:
Arrays of water sprinklers positioned around the tank shell and as well as on the
roof.
IR3 flame detectors positioned such that all angles, inlet and outlet valves from
the storage tanks are in its line of site.
Facilities to shut down product pumps and isolate all tanks.
Fixed fire water supply and ring main.
Foam system for base foam injection.

3.3

Loading Gantry
The loading gantry shall have appropriate numbers of adequately sized foam sprinklers
installed at top and bottom of the loading gantry. Foam will be piped from the
proportioner to the gantry to fight fire at the gantry.
The loading gantry shall also be equipped with Infrared (IR) Flame detectors at each
island. The IR flame detectors are mounted such that the loading area will be in its line
of site. In the event of a fire/flame, the IR flame detector shall trigger the FACP.

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Fire and Gas Specification

3.4

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

Switchgear Room
Conventional smoke detection shall be installed. This detector will trigger the facility fire
alarm system when activated. It will be wired in a loop independent of the building alarm
detection devices (zoning on the c).
MACP shall be installed at the exits of the room in an event that the fire alarm condition
is triggered by the terminal personnel.
The wiring for the smoke detection and the MACP shall be such that when activated, it
would be easy for fire wardens to isolate the origin of the alarm.
Audio Visual alarms shall also be installed in the room to alert personnel.
Activation of any of the detectors shall initiate the audio/visual alarm.

3.5

Generator House
Flame detector shall be installed. This detector will trigger the facility fire alarm system
when activated. It will be wired in a loop independent of the building alarm detection
devices (zoning on the FACP).
MACP shall be installed at the exit of the room in an event that the fire alarm condition is
triggered by the terminal personnel.
The wiring for the flame detector and the MACP shall be such that when activated, it
would be easy for fire wardens to isolate the origin of the alarm.
Audio Visual alarms shall also be installed in the room to alert personnel.
Activation of any of the detectors shall initiate the audio/visual alarm.

3.6

PPH
In the PPH flame detectors shall be provided to detect flame/fire.
Audio Visual Alarms shall also be installed at this location and shall be initiated when
detected by the detectors.

3.7

FWPH
In the FWPH smoke detection shall be provided. And also MACP shall be installed at the
exit of the building. Both smoke detector and MACP shall be connected to FACP. Audio
Visual Alarm shall be installed at this location.
Activation shall initiate the audio/visual alarm

3.8

Gatehouse
In the gatehouse smoke detection shall be provided. And also MACP shall be installed at
the exit of the gatehouse. Both smoke detector and MACP shall be connected to FACP.
Audio Visual Alarm shall be installed at this location.
Activation shall initiate the audio/visual alarm.
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4.0
4.1

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

DETECTION SYSTEMS
Fire Detection
Infra-Red (IR) flame detectors are the preferred type for flame detection as they are not
susceptible to spurious trips, they can detect flames from smoky fires and they can
tolerate considerable dirt on the lens. They shall be solar blind and flicker frequency
sensitive for hydrocarbon fires. Detectors should generally be located in elevated
positions and aligned downwards to gain maximum benefit from the fixed angle of
sensitivity.
Detectors should be located in elevated positions looking downwards. Consideration
should be given to the possibility of smoke accumulation preventing the detector from
seeing a flame.

4.2

Smoke Detection
Smoke detectors shall be of the Optical type or Ionization type. Where smoke detection
is provided, at least one shall be installed at each location. The optimum locations for
conventional smoke detectors will be a function of the preferential air flow patterns and
the availability of flammable materials.
Activation of a single smoke detector shall initiate alarms (horns and strobe).
Note: False alarms from smoke detectors may be caused by fumes, dusts or
condensation. Some types of Ionization chamber type smoke detectors are highly
sensitive to high air speeds and may give false alarms.
Ionization type detectors shall be provided with a warning label highlighting they are a
radioactive source.
Smoke detection shall initiate the audio/visual alarm.

4.3

Heat Detection
Heat detectors shall be installed in specific locations. They will be set off by rate of
temperature rise or/and when they reach a preset temperature.
Heat detectors will be wired to the FACP and when heat is detected audio/visual alarm
shall be activated.

5.0

AUDIO, VISUAL, MANUAL ALARM CALL POINTS

5.1

Audible Alarm
Audible alarms shall be installed in all personnel areas inside or outside the building and
around the facility as a minimum.
The audible alarms will come with strobes which will function to alert personnel of the
source of the alarm.

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Fire and Gas Specification

5.2

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

Visual Alarm
The main visual alarm interface shall be the one the fire alarm control panel. This shall
either be a dedicated display on the operators work station or a graphic display on the
fire alarm control panel. The fire alarm control panel layout shall be based on the station
fire and gas detector layout drawings. It shall clearly highlight which detection circuit has
been activated and the area of the plant affected.

5.3

Manual Alarm Call Points

Manual Alarm Call points (MACP) shall be installed at all the facilitys main exits,
emergency exits, at the control room entrance, Generator shelter, maintenance shelter,
pump house, gate house and where staircase exist. They shall be distinguished by bold
signs and be easily seen from all directions. These manual call points when activated
shall trigger the alarm system via the fire alarm control panel.
It may be either of the hammer/break glass, push/break glass type or pull station type.
The material of construction shall be in accordance with the requirements for the
classified area where it is located in and be corrosion resistant and weather-proof.
Manual Alarm Call points (MACP) installed in hazardous areas shall be explosion proof
type with minimum protection of IP65.

6.0

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS (FIRE WATER SYSTEMS)

6.1

Fire Water Systems

The fire water network consists of the following:

Water supply (a dedicated storage tank)

Pumps

Piping distribution network

Water application systems

The network outlets can be hydrants (for use, generally with hand-held or mobile
equipment), fixed systems such as base foam injection or fixed monitors.
6.2

Fire Water Network

The capacity of the water storage tank shall be in accordance with the worst case
design demand (worst case scenario). One hour water supply (as calculated) shall be
provided unless it can be clearly shown that incident durations will be less than this.
The number of fire water tanks installed shall be one.
The fire water network shall be designed to supply the calculated water demand at the
required discharge points and pressure and required flow rates.
The pumps shall discharge into a ring main with hydrants, fixed monitors and feeds to
fixed foam systems and sprinkler systems.
The fire water distribution piping shall be a ring main, with adequate loops and block
valves to ensure that a single line break can be isolated safely with minimum loss of
fire protection. Fire water distribution system shall be looped to provide two-way flow,
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CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

with sectional valves arranged to provide alternate water flow paths to any point in the
system. Single branch lines shall be avoided.
The piping material may be steel for above or below ground; the pipe shall be protected
by physical barriers where necessary to reduce the possibility of impact by vehicles.
All valves in the system shall be clearly identified with their function and normal status.
System pipework shall be routed such that wherever possible it is not exposed or close
to a potential source of fire or excessive thermal radiation. In particular, the following
guidelines shall be applied:-

6.3

Firewater pipework shall not pass through tank bund areas.

Firewater pipework shall not pass through areas where product spills can
accumulate underneath them.

Fire water pipework shall be at least 15m from the bulk storage facilities.

Fire Water Storage Tank

The capacity of the water storage tank shall be in accordance with the worst case
design demand obtained from calculations. One hour water supply (as per calculation)
shall be provided unless it can be clearly shown that incident durations will be less than
this.
The primary source of water shall be stored in 1 x 603.41m3 fire water tanks. The tank
shall be supplied from a borehole in the tank farm.
The fire water tank internal lining shall be corrosion resistant.
Since the majority of the tank fill is likely to stand for considerable periods of time
consideration shall be given to batch dosing foam compatible corrosion inhibitor and
bactericide.
Where required due to the type of pumps being used, tanks shall be elevated to provide
positive suction when the operating pressure is low.

6.4

Fire Water Pump

Pumps and drivers shall comply with NFPA 20 (Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps).
Generally a minimum of one diesel driven and one electrical powered fire water pumps
shall be installed to ensure a reliable supply under all circumstances.
The pump can shall be activated either from a fire signal detected by the flame detector
or manually started.
A jockey pump shall be installed to maintain pressure in the system.
Fire water pumps shall be started weekly and performance tested annually. The annual
performance tests shall incorporate flow tests for the ring main itself. Flow and
pressure tests shall be performed on the fire water system to ensure that water demand
for the identified scenarios can be achieved.

6.5

Pumps shall be selected and installed in accordance with NFPA 20.

Fire Hoses
All hoses for fire fighting purposes shall comply with the requirements of the relevant
NFPA standards.
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6.6

CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

Sprinkler System
Sprinkler systems shall be designed in accordance with NFPA 13 or BS 5306 Part 2.
Sprinkler system hydraulic calculations shall be carried out using approved software or
by manual calculations.
All system sprinkler valves and nozzles shall be approved by the Underwriters
Laboratories (UL) or Factory Mutual (FM).
Sprinkler system inspection and testing shall be in accordance with NFPA 25 or BS
5306 Part 2.

7.0

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS (FOAM SYSTEMS)

7.1

Foam Systems
Foam systems consist of 3 basic parts:

Foam concentrate - the liquid used to make foam.

Foam concentrates proportioning system - where the foam concentrate is

mixed, at a specific proportion, with water to make foam solution.

Foam maker (foam generator, foam application device) where air is mixed with
foam solution to make foam.

Foam makers can be further subdivided into aspirating types which use a venturi nozzle
system to suck air into the foam solution or non-aspirating devices which rely on
impinging jets of foam solution or turbulence as the foam solution leaves the nozzle to
generate bubbles of foam.
In any system it is important to ensure that the right combination of foam concentrate,
proportioning system and foam generating devices are selected for the particular
application.
Reference shall be made to the following standards for relevant aspects of foam system
design and foam concentrate specification:NFPA 11 - Standard for Low Expansion Systems
NFPA 16 - Deluge Foam - Water Sprinkler and Foam Water Spray Systems, 1995
ISO 7203 - 1 Fire Extinguishing Media, Foam Concentrates, 1995
UL 162, Seventh Edition - Foam Equipment and Liquid Concentrates, 1994
7.2

Foam Concentration
All foam concentrates used shall be 3% grade (i.e. to be used at 3% concentration in
proportioning systems).
The foam concentrate for hydrocarbon flammable liquids (e.g. crude or condensate)
shall be either fluoroprotein, film-forming fluoroprotein or multipurpose (alcohol
resistant) fluoroprotein or synthetic based type and shall conform to the requirements
of Underwriters Laboratories UL 162 7th Edition test requirements, or ISO 7203-1 Class
IIA or higher.

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CQS-GTL-IN-FGS-SPC-001
Rev 3.0

Foam concentrates, whether in systems, drums or vehicles shall be stored such that
they are not exposed to direct sunlight. The manufacturers type certification shall be
available on site demonstrating full conformity with either UL 162 or ISO 7203-1, Class
IIA or higher.
This shall also include information on the following physical properties with measured
tolerances:
Specific gravity @ 20C
pH @ 20C
Sediment
Calculations shall be performed in order to establish the minimum quantity of foam
required for each application. In addition, and in accordance with NFPA, 100% of the
calculated quantity shall be available within 24 hours.
7.3

Foam Proportioning System

The foam proportioner is the device that is used to inject foam concentrate into the
water line to make foam solution. It is vital that the proportioner is such that it ensures
that the foam solution has the correct amount of foam concentrate in it (nominally 3%
- 3.6%) under all system operating conditions and flow requirements, including potential
blockage of one or more outlets.
Various types of proportioner are available as described in NFPA 11.
Foam concentrate tanks shall be high density polyethylene, GRP or stainless steel
316L construction, approved for use by the concentrate manufacturer.
Internal tank linings shall not be used in foam concentrate tanks.

7.4

Fixed Foam Proportioning System

Foam application systems can be either fixed or semi-fixed. In the case of fixed
systems, the proportioner and foam concentrate tank are permanently connected to
the fire water ring main so that no additional connection of foam concentrate supply is
required for system operation.
All proportioning stations shall be provided with a clear indication of the facilities to
which they relate and clear operating instructions including identification of valves.
Minimum and maximum operating pressures shall also be clearly identified.
Fixed proportioning systems shall be of the balanced pressure type (See NFPA 11).
All proportioning stations shall be provided with isolation valves and pressure gauges
at their inlet and outlet. In the case of pumped balanced pressure proportioning
systems, pressure gauges will also be provided in the foam concentrate line
downstream of the foam pump prior to the proportioner. Gauges shall be provided to
demonstrate that foam concentrate pressure and water pressure are balanced at the
point of concentrate injection.
The flow range of the proportioner and operating pressure range shall be clearly
marked on the proportioner.
Pumped balanced pressure proportioning systems shall be provided with the facility to
test the foam concentrate and circulate foam concentrate back to the concentrate tank
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without discharging concentrate into the foam solution discharge line. Valves in the
system specifically provided to allow this function shall be provided with a lock so that
they can be locked during normal status.
Pumped balanced pressure proportioners shall have manual over ride capability to be
used in the event of failure of the automatic balancing system.
All foam concentrate tanks shall be provided with a sight glass with isolation valves. In
the case of diaphragm tanks the isolation valves will be provided with locks.
7.5

Testing of Proportioning Equipment

On an annual basis all proportioning systems and equipment shall be tested under
credible operational flow conditions to check that the percentage of foam concentrate
being proportioned is within the range 3-3.6%.
At 6 monthly intervals, foam concentrate tanks shall be inspected for signs of sediment.
All foam systems shall be discharge tested on an annual basis. The tests shall include
proportioning accuracy, foam expansion and drainage time. Results shall be compared
with system specification and manufacturers' data.

8.0

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS (PORTABLE EXTINGUISHERS)

8.1
8.1.1

Portable Extinguishers
General
A suitable number of hand held extinguishers shall be provided at strategic locations.
Hand held extinguishers like DCP (Dry Chemical Powder), Sand Bucket, CO2 are used
to extinguish initial stages of fire. Each extinguisher shall be operated as per operation
instructions given on each extinguisher.

8.1.2

Standards For Portable Fire Extinguishers

All fire extinguishers shall be manufactured, tested and certified to conform to BS 5423
or equivalent (such as CEN-EN 3.1/2/3/4/5, NFPA 10, and Din 14406).
Additionally, the extinguisher body, filling nozzle and cap shall be made from material
having rigidity, durability and resistance to electrochemical corrosive effects of the
extinguishing media.
Fire extinguishers shall be selected, installed and maintained in accordance with BS
5306 Part 3.

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