DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

UNIT 5 KIRCHHOFFS SOLUTION WITH 2 SOURCES

UNIT OBJECTIVE
Find voltage and current in circuits with two voltage sources by using Kirchhoff's laws. Verify
results by comparing measured and calculated values.

UNIT FUNDAMENTALS

Location: Unit Fundamentals page: sf2, Question ID: f2a

If you make an incorrect assumption, what can you do to make the circuit solution correct?
a. Recalculate the currents.
b. Reverse the direction of assumed current flow through R3.
Location: Unit Fundamentals page: sf3, Question ID: f3a
How many nodes are in this circuit?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
Location: Unit Fundamentals page: sf8, Question ID: f8a
Can you check the solutions generated by these methods by ensuring that the voltage drops
and/or currents follow Kirchhoff's laws?
a. no
b. yes

CMS AVAILABLE
None

FAULTS AVAILABLE
None

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

NEW TERMS AND WORDS

nodes - common connections for two or more components.
mesh - a single closed path without any branches.
mesh equations - equations that define the current within a mesh
loop equations - equations that define the voltage drops around a closed loop.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
F.A.C.E.T. base unit
DC NETWORK THEOREMS circuit board
Multimeter

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

Exercise 1 Kirchhoff's Voltage Law/2 Sources

EXERCISE OBJECTIVE
Apply Kirchhoff's voltage law to a circuit having two voltage sources. Verify results by using
measured data.

EXERCISE DISCUSSION

Location: Exercise Discussion page: se1d2, Question ID: e1d2a

What is the third loop composed of?
a. VS1, R3, and R1
b. VS2, R3, and R2
c. VS1, R1, R2, and VS2
Location: Exercise Discussion page: se1d3, Question ID: e1d3a
What is the LOOP 2 equation?
a. VS1 VR3 VR1 = 0
b. VS2 VR2 + VR3 = 0

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

EXERCISE PROCEDURE

Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p1, Question ID: e1p1a

VS1 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v1

Nominal Answer: 10.0
Min/Max Value: (9.7) to (10.3)
Value Calculation: 10.000
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 3
Correct Plus Tolerance = 3
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p1, Question ID: e1p1c
VS2 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v2

Nominal Answer: 10.0
Min/Max Value: (9.7) to (10.3)
Value Calculation: 10.000
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 3
Correct Plus Tolerance = 3
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p2, Question ID: e1p2a
4. VS1, R1, and R3 form which loop in this circuit?
a. LOOP 1
b. LOOP 2
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p2, Question ID: e1p2c
5. VS2, R2, and R3 form which loop in this circuit?
a. LOOP 1
b. LOOP 2
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p2, Question ID: e1p2e
6. The third loop is composed of
a. LOOP 1 and LOOP 2.
b. VS1, R1, R2, and VS2.

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p3, Question ID: e1p3a

VR1 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v3

Nominal Answer: 3.95
Min/Max Value: (3.16) to (4.74)
Value Calculation: 3.950
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 20
Correct Plus Tolerance = 20
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p3, Question ID: e1p3c
VR2 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v4

Nominal Answer: 16.05
Min/Max Value: (12.84) to (19.26)
Value Calculation: 16.050
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 20
Correct Plus Tolerance = 20
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p3, Question ID: e1p3e
VR3 =
Vdc
Recall Label for this Question: v5
Nominal Answer: 6.05
Min/Max Value: (4.84) to (7.26)
Value Calculation: 6.050
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 20
Correct Plus Tolerance = 20

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p5, Question ID: e1p5a

VLOOP 1 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: None

Nominal Answer: 0.0

Min/Max Value: (2.53) to (2.53)

Value Calculation: #v1##v5##v3#
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 10
Correct Plus Tolerance = 10
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p5, Question ID: e1p5c
VLOOP 2 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: None

Nominal Answer: 0.0
*
Min/Max Value: (5.19) to (5.19)
Value Calculation: # v4 v2 v5 #
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 10
Correct Plus Tolerance = 10
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p6, Question ID: e1p6a
13. Do your calculations agree with Kirchhoff's voltage law?
a. no
b. yes
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se1p6, Question ID: e1p6c
14. Does Kirchhoff's voltage law apply to a circuit with two voltage sources?
a. no
b. yes

NOTE: Min/Max Values shown are based upon a calculation using the absolute
lowest and highest recall value. By using the actual input in your calculations, you
will determine the correct value.

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

REVIEW QUESTIONS

Location: Review Questions page: se1r1, Question ID: e1r1

How many loops are in this circuit?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1
Location: Review Questions page: se1r2, Question ID: e1r2
2. CM 17 is now activated to change the value of R1. Using the VS2, R2, and R3 circuit loop,
with VS2 = 10V and VR2 = 15.22 Vdc, what is VR3?
a. +5.22V
b. 5.22V
c. Either of the above.
d. None of the above.
Location: Review Questions page: se1r3, Question ID: e1r3
3. Measure the voltage drops of your circuit. With respect to circuit common, the voltage drop of
R3
a. does not depend on the circuit values.
b. is negative.
c. is positive.
d. cannot be determined.
Location: Review Questions page: se1r4, Question ID: e1r4
4. Which figure represents the polarities of each voltage drop on the KIRCHHOFF SOLUTION
WITH 2 SOURCES circuit block?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
Location: Review Questions page: se1r5, Question ID: e1r5
5. With respect to circuit common, the voltage drop of R3 in this circuit
a. is positive.
b. is negative.
c. depends on the resistor values.
d. cannot be determined.

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

CMS AVAILABLE
CM 17

FAULTS AVAILABLE
None

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

Exercise 2 Kirchhoff's Current Law/2 Sources

EXERCISE OBJECTIVE
Apply Kirchhoff's current law to a circuit having two voltage sources. Verify results by using
measured data.

EXERCISE DISCUSSION

Location: Exercise Discussion page: se2d2, Question ID: e2d2a

Which equation is correct?
a. IR1 = VR1 /R1
b. IR2 = VR2 /R2
c. IR3 = VR3 /R3
d. All of the above.
Location: Exercise Discussion page: se2d4, Question ID: e2d4a
With what Kirchhoff's law(s) can you check your solutions?
a. The sum of the voltages in any circuit loop equals zero.
b. The current into any circuit node equals the current out of the same node.
c. Both of the above.

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

EXERCISE PROCEDURE

Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p1, Question ID: e2p1a

VS1 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v21

Nominal Answer: 10.0
Min/Max Value: (9.7) to (10.3)
Value Calculation: 10.000
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 3
Correct Plus Tolerance = 3
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p1, Question ID: e2p1c
VS2 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v22

Nominal Answer: 10.0
Min/Max Value: (9.7) to (10.3)
Value Calculation: 10.000
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 3
Correct Plus Tolerance = 3
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p2, Question ID: e2p2a
3. Based on the assumed current direction given in this circuit, what is the current formula for
NODE 1?
a. IR1 = IR3 + IR2
b. IR3 = IR1 + IR2
c. IR3 = IR1 IR2
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p3, Question ID: e2p3a
4. In this circuit, the voltage drop across which resistor allows for a complete circuit solution?
a. R1
b. R2
c. R3

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p4, Question ID: e2p4a

VR3 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v23

Nominal Answer: 6.05
Min/Max Value: (4.84) to (7.26)
Value Calculation: 6.050
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 20
Correct Plus Tolerance = 20
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p4, Question ID: e2p4c
6. Based on your measurement, is the voltage at NODE 1 positive or negative with respect to
circuit common?
a. positive
b. negative
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p4, Question ID: e2p4e
7. Based on your measurement and polarity of VR3, is the assumed current flow correct?
a. no
b. yes
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p5, Question ID: e2p5a
IR3 =

mA

Recall Label for this Question: i21

Nominal Answer: 0.807

Min/Max Value: ( .581) to (1.065)

Value Calculation: (#v23#/7500)*1000
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 10
Correct Plus Tolerance = 10

NOTE: Min/Max Values shown are based upon a calculation using the absolute
lowest and highest recall value. By using the actual input in your calculations, you
will determine the correct value.

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p5, Question ID: e2p5c

IR1 =

mA

Recall Label for this Question: i22

Nominal Answer: 5.267

Min/Max Value: (2.928) to (8.008)

Value Calculation: ((#v21##v23#)/750)*1000
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 10
Correct Plus Tolerance = 10
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p6, Question ID: e2p6a
VR1 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v24

Nominal Answer: 3.95
*
Min/Max Value: (1.713) to (7.327)
Value Calculation: (#i22#/1000)*750
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 22
Correct Plus Tolerance = 22
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p6, Question ID: e2p6c
IR2 =

mA

Recall Label for this Question: i23

Nominal Answer: 4.458
*
Min/Max Value: (3.635) to (5.366)
Value Calculation: ((#v22#+#v23#)/3600)*1000
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 10
Correct Plus Tolerance = 10

NOTE: Min/Max Values shown are based upon a calculation using the absolute
lowest and highest recall value. By using the actual input in your calculations, you
will determine the correct value.

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DC Network Theorems

Unit 5 Kirchhoffs Solution with 2 Sources

Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p6, Question ID: e2p6e

VR2 =

Vdc

Recall Label for this Question: v25

Nominal Answer: 16.05

Min/Max Value: (10.08) to (23.76)

Value Calculation: (#i23#/1000)*3600
Correct Tolerance Percent = true
Correct Minus Tolerance = 23
Correct Plus Tolerance = 23
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p7, Question ID: e2p7a
13. Do the NODE 1 currents agree with Kirchhoff's current law?
a. no
b. yes
Location: Exercise Procedure page: se2p7, Question ID: e2p7c
14. Do the voltages agree with Kirchhoff's voltage law for each loop?
a. no
b. yes

NOTE: Min/Max Values shown are based upon a calculation using the absolute
lowest and highest recall value. By using the actual input in your calculations, you
will determine the correct value.

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