Calicut was an important site of encounter in the Indian Ocean trade network.

Jewish,
Arab, Persian, Chinese, Indian, Southeast Asian and Portuguese merchants visited
Calicut to buy and sell goods. Travelers also exchanged new religious ideas, art styles
and technologies. What were the effects of the exchanges at Calicut? How did the spice
trade bring cultures together, make some people rich, and lead to war?

STEP 1: Gather your thoughts

To answer this question, you must first find your evidence. Go through your notes and the
reading. List at least 3 effects for each category. Be specific. People got rich is not
specific. Merchants wanted to trade in Calicut because the government protected them
through laws and policies is. People fought is not specific. Tension between
Portuguese traders and the Calicut leaders would eventually lead to war is. (Youre
welcome).
Cultural Understanding

Riches/Wealth

War/Conflict

Calicut becomes a tolerant

multicultural city

Merchants wanted to trade in

Calicut because the government
protected them through laws and
policies

Tension between Portuguese

traders and the Calicut
leaders would eventually
lead to war

People adopt the language or Calicut holds monopoly on

cultural practices of others
pepper and other spices which
that they learn through trade drives their tax gains
People moved great distances to
make money

Cultural interactions
between China and others
lead to wars
China tried to expand their
influence through force
Long distance travel and
trade lead to shipwrecks and
conflict with pirates

Step 2: Write Your Introduction

Writing the Introduction
Below is the outline for the introduction for your essay. Complete each of the sentences
(each is a different color). The red sentence will serve as your thesis/claim. You will want
to mention all three effects (cultural understanding, riches/wealth and war) as part of
your thesis. You can make your claim more than one sentence.
Throughout the Middle Ages, cities in Afro-Eurasia grew as trade centers due to
advantages such as location, resources, and laws of trade.
Calicut brought together merchants from Portugal, south east Asia, Central Asia, and
China because Calicut had such a great location because merchants could go there one
part of the year and trade resources from the parts of afroeurasia.

As a result of the exchanges happening in Calicut, government protection through laws

and policies brought together merchants from Portugal because of conflict between
portugus and Calicutian traders a turf war started which led to war between Calicut and
Portugal.

Step 3: Choose Your Evidence

What are the strongest examples you found in the primary sources for each category?
Does it DIRECTLY support your thesis? Does it help your argument? You also need to
help your reader to understand the connection to your argument.
Evidence
Direct quotes.

ANALYSIS
What does this
mean? This means
that
(explanation of
evidence)

RELEVANCE How
does this support your
reason? This relates to
________ (effect)
because

SOURCE
Citation for
the
evidence
(include
author, title
and date)

Cultural Understanding 1
Security and justice are
also established in this
city so that the most
wealthy merchants can
bring in big cargoes,
which they unload and
unhesitatingly send into
the markets without
thinking in the meantime
of any security, or
checking the account, or
keeping watch over the
goods.

this means that

Calicut could
remain stable
without multiple
conflict with
traders.

this relates to the laws

and policies from the
government which
gave traders benefits.

1470
Abdu
Razzak
The rising
of the
Aspicious
Twin Stars

Cultural Understanding 2
They came, and when
they saw the present they
laughed at it, saying that
it was not a thing to offer
to a king, that the poorest
merchant from Mecca or
any other part of India
gave more, and that if you
wanted to make a present
it should be in gold, as the
king would not accept

because of the
region Calicut is
there was limited
access but was
made up for the
verity and amount
that people traded.

because of conflict
Calicutian and
portugus traders
started a turf war
which led to war.

1499
?
Round
Africa to
India

such things.
Riches1
We next came into the
country of Malabar which
is the country of black
pepper.

Calicut has many

spices which raise
taxes.

Calicut holds
monopoly on pepper
and other spices which
drives their tax gains

1354
Ibn battuta
the travels
of Ibn
battuta

Riches 2
Some of those that were
on board drowned and
some escaped.

travel was very

difficult and
dangerous.

this relates to long

distance travel

1354
Ibn battuta
the travels
of Ibn
battuta

War 1
I wish to inform you, my
lord that I was very sad to
hear that your ship had
been seized by pirates.

risks of safe travel

without your ship
being seized.

conflict with pirates.

1145
Mahruz B.
Jacob
Cairo
Geniza

War 2
When we arrived at the
foreign countries,
barbarian kings who
resisted transformation
and who were not
respectful, we captured
alive, and bandit soldiers
who looted and plundered
recklessly, we
exterminated.

barbarians and
their kings would
not agree with the
transformation so
they were killed.

China expanding their

influence by force

1431
Zheng he
Recording
history of
contacts
with
barbarians

Step 4: Write Your Topic Sentences

Rules for Topic Sentences (Body Paragraphs)
It should introduce the ideas of the paragraph and summarize your
argument/claim.
It should support to your overall thesis (back in your introduction)
It should NOT include any facts or evidence. This is your claim.
Write your topic sentences for each paragraph here:
Topic Sentences
CU

Calicut was very popular because of adaption and advantages for traders.

that it was profitable and risky to travel to Calicut.

Calicut was dangerous because of pirates and the Chinese influence.

Step 5: Write Your Essay

You should have almost everything ready to write your essay now. Please follow this
outline and use the charts youve already filled out to put everything together.
Outline for each body paragraph
1. Topic sentence/sentences
2. Effect 1
3. Evidence for effect 1
4. Analysis of evidence
5. Effect 2
6. Evidence for effect 2
7. Analysis of evidence
8. Summarize your argument and transition to next paragraph

Throughout the Middle Ages, cities in Afro-Eurasia grew as trade centers due to
advantages such as location, resources, and laws of trade.
Calicut brought together merchants from Portugal, south east Asia, Central Asia, and
China because Calicut had such a great location because merchants could go there one
part of the year and trade resources from the parts of afroeurasia.
As a result of the exchanges happening in Calicut, government protection through laws
and policies brought together merchants from Portugal because of conflict between
portugus and Calicutian traders a turf war started which led to war between Calicut and
Portugal.
Calicut was very popular because of adaption and advantages for traders.
Security and justice are also established in this city so that the most wealthy merchants
can bring in big cargoes, which they unload and unhesitatingly send into the markets
without thinking in the meantime of any security, or checking the account, or keeping
watch over the goods.
Written in 1470 by Abdu Razzak in The rising of the Auspicious Twin Stars.
This means that Calicut could remain stable without conflict with traders.
This relates to the laws and policies from the government which gave traders benefits.
They came, and when they saw the present they laughed at it, saying that it was not a
thing to offer to a king, that the poorest merchant from Mecca or any other part of
India gave more, and that if you wanted to make a present it should be in gold, as the
king would not accept such things.

Written in 1499 in the writing Round Africa to India.

This relates to the Calicutian and portugus traders starting a turf war which led to
war.This means that in Calicut there was limited access but was made up for the verity
and amount that people traded.
Because of the amount of people that traded there it was very popular which carries us
over to the next subject riches and wealth.
It was profitable and risky to travel to Calicut.
We next came into the country of Malabar which is the country of black pepper.
Written in 1354 in the writing the travels of Ibn battuta by Ibn battuta.

This relates to Calicut holding a monopoly on pepper and other spices which drives their
tax gains.
Some of those that were on board drowned and some escaped.
Written in 1354 in the writing the travels of Ibn battuta by Ibn battuta.
This relates to travel and how difficult and dangerous it was.
The outcomes of these events caused conflict and hostility which bring us to our next
subject, war.
Calicut was dangerous because of pirates and the Chinese influence.
I wish to inform you, my lord that I was very sad to hear that your ship had been seized
by pirates.
Written in 1145 in the writing Cairo Geniza by Mahruz B. Jacob.
This describes the risks of safe travel without your ship being seized.
This relates to conflict with pirates.
When we arrived at the foreign countries, barbarian kings who resisted transformation
and who were not respectful, we captured alive, and bandit soldiers who looted and
plundered recklessly, we exterminated.
Written in 1431 in the writing Recording history of contacts with barbarians by Zheng he.
This relates to China expanding their influence by force.
This explains what happens to barbarians and their kings when they would not agree with
the transformation.
Rubric rating submitted on: 1/25/2017, 10:26:19 AM by bekki.lyon@brightonms.org

Organizational

The essay has a

The essay has an

The essay has an

The essay has

Structure
Your score: 5

clear and effective

organizational
structure, creating
a sense of unity
and completeness.
The essay is fully
sustained and
consistently and
purposefully
focused

evident
organizational
structure and a
sense of
completeness,
though there may
be minor flaws
and some ideas
may be loosely
connected. The
essay is
adequately
sustained and
generally focused

inconsistent
organizational
structure, and
flaws are evident.
The essay is
somewhat
sustained and
may have a minor
drift in focus

little or no
discernible
organizational
structure. The
essay may be
related to the
topic but may
provide little or
no focus

Thesis
Your score: 6

The thesis is clear,

focused, and
strongly
maintained

The thesis is clear

and mostly
maintained,
although some
material may be
irrelevant

The thesis may be

clearly focused
but is
insufficiently
sustained. The
thesis may be
partially unclear,
irrelevant, or
inadequate

The thesis may

be absent, or
entirely unclear,
irrelevant or
inadequate

Amount of
Evidence (x2)
Your score: 6

The essay provides

thorough and
convincing support
and effective use of
sources, facts, and
details. Each body
paragraph has
more evidence than
required, from a
wide range of
sources, and the
evidence is specific

The essay
provides adequate
support, and uses
sources, facts and
details. Evidence
is sufficient and
comes from more
than 2 sources,
and most of it is
specific

The essay
provides uneven,
cursory support,
and uneven or
limited use of
sources, facts and
details. Each body
paragraph
contains 2 pieces
of evidence, but
the evidence
comes from only 1
or 2 sources, or is
very general

The essay
provides little
support, and
little or no use of
sources, facts
and details.
Each body
paragraph
contains less
than 2 pieces of
evidence

Elaboration
and Analysis
Your score: 6

Effective use of
elaborative
techniques.
Comprehensive
evidence is
integrated.
Analysis is
insightful and
expressed smoothly

Adequate use of
elaborative
techniques. Some
evidence is
integrated.
Analysis is logical
and relevant, but
stated awkwardly

Weak or uneven
use of elaborative
techniques.
Evidence is
weakly integrated,
vague, or
imprecise.
Analysis is
present but
illogical,
irrelevant, or
unclear

Minimal, if any
use of
elaborative
techniques.
Evidence is
incorrect or
irrelevant. There
is no analysis of
evidence

Quality of
Evidence (x2)

Evidence is
paraphrased

Evidence is
accurate, clear

Some evidence
supports the

Evidence is not
accurate or does

Your score: 6

accurately and
clearly with brief
direct quotations.
Evidence is wellchosen and
convincing.

and supports the

points, but is
copied directly
from the text, or
may not be
convincing

points, but it may

not be stated
clearly or be
convincing, or
some evidence is
inaccurate

not support the

stated points

Citation of
Evidence (x2)
Your score: 7

Sources are cited

by 3 or more of the
following author,
title, date and type
for almost all
evidence. Citations
are expressed
smoothly

Sources are cited

by at least 2 of the
following
author, title, date
and type for
almost all
evidence.
Citations may be
awkwardly stated

Sources are cited

by one of the
following
author, title, date
and type for
more than half of
the evidence

No sources are
cited for more
than half of the
evidence

Transitions
Your score: 5

There is consistent
use of a variety of
transitional
strategies to clarify
the relationships
between and
among ideas

There is adequate
use of transitional
strategies with
some variety to
clarify the
relationships
between and
among ideas

There is
inconsistent use of
transitional
strategies and/or
little variety

Few or no
transitions are
evident

Formal Style
Your score: 6

The essay
establishes and
maintains a formal
style. It
demonstrates an
adequate
command of
conventions

The majority of
the essay uses a
formal style. It
generally
demonstrates an
adequate
command of
conventions, with
minor flaws

The majority of
the essay does not
use a formal style.
It demonstrates a
partial command
of conventions

The entire essay

is written in an
informal style. It
demonstrates
little or no
command of
conventions

Introduction
and
Conclusion
Your score: 4

The introduction
and conclusion are
effective

The introduction
and conclusion
are adequate

The introduction
or conclusion may
be weak

There is no
introduction
and/or
conclusion

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