ISO Tolerance Part 1 PDF

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
IS0
286-l
First edition
1988-09-H
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION

ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
MEXAYHAPOAHAR OPrAHM3A~MR IlO CTAHAAPTM3AlJMM
IS0 system
of limits
Part 1:
Bases of tolerances,
Systhme IS0 de tokrances
and fits
deviations
et dajustements
Partie 1: Base des tokrances,
and fits
&arts et ajustements
Reference number
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Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International
Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the IS0 Council. They are approved in accordance with IS0 procedures requiring at
least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting,
This part of IS0 286 has been prepared by ISO/TC 3, Limits and fits, and, together
with IS0 286-2, completes the revision of ISO/R 286, /SO system of limits and fits.
ISO/R 266 was first published in 1962 and subsequently confirmed in November 1964;
it was based on ISA Bulletin 25 first published in 1940.
The major changes incorporated
in this part of IS0 266 are as follows :
a1 The presentation of the information has been modified so that IS0 286 can be
used directly in both the design office and the workshop. This has been achieved by
separating the material dealing with the bases of the system, and the calculated
values of standard tolerances and fundamental deviations, from the tables giving
specific limits of the most commonly used tolerances and deviations.
b) The new symbols js and JS replace the former symbols j, and Js (i.e. s and S
are no longer placed as subscripts) to facilitate the use of the symbols on equipment
with limited character sets, e.g. computer graphics. The letters s and S stand
for symmetrical deviation.
c) Standard tolerances and fundamental deviations have been included for basic
sizes from 566 to 3 156 mm as standard requirements (these were previously
included on an experimental basis only).
Two additional standard tolerance grades, IT17 and IT18, have been included.
e) Standard tolerance grades IT01 and IT0 have been deleted from the main body
of this part of IS0 286, although information on these grades is given in annex A
for users who may have a requirement for such grades.
f)
Inch values have been deleted.
g) The principles, terminology

by contemporary technology.
and symbols have been aligned with those required
Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time
and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its
latest edition, unless otherwise stated.
International Organization for Standardization,
1999 0
Printed in Switzerland
ii

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d)
IS0
286-l
Contents
Introduction
: 1988 {El
Page
........................................................
Scope .............................................................
Field of application
..................................................
References .........................................................
Terms and definitions.
...............................................
Symbols, designation and interpretation of tolerances,

and fits ............................................................
deviations
.............................................
..............................................
10
Graphical representation
Reference temperature,
Standardtolerancesforbasicsizesupto3
Fundamental
deviations for basic sizes up to 3 150 mm ...................
10
IO
Bibliography.
.......................................................
16
Bases of the IS0 system of limits and fits ...............................
17
Examples of the use of IS0 286-l ......................................
23
Equivalent terms ...................................................
24
.....................
10
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150 mm..
Annexes

...
Ill
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INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
IS0 system
IS0 266-l : 1966 (E)
of limits and fits -
Part I :
Bases of tolerances,
deviations
Introduction
and fits
Field of application
The need for limits and fits for machined workpieces was
brought about mainly by the inherent inaccuracy of manufacturing methods, coupled with the fact that exactness of size
was found to be unnecessary for most workpieces. In order
that function could be satisfied, it was found sufficient to
manufacture a given workpiece so that its size lay within two
permissible limits, i.e. a tolerance, this being the variation in
size acceptable in manufacture.
The IS0 system of limits and fits provides a system

tolerances and deviations suitable for plain workpieces.
Similarly, where a specific fit condition is required between

mating workpieces, it is necessary to ascribe an allowance,
either positive or negative, to the basic size to achieve the required clearance or interference, i.e. a deviation.
In particular, the general term hole or shaft can be taken

as referring to the space contained by (or containing) the two
parallel faces (or tangent planes) of any workpiece, such as the
width of a slot or the thickness of a key.
With developments in industry and international trade, it

became necessary to develop formal systems of limits and fits,
firstly at the industrial level, then at the national level and later
at the international level.
The system also provides for fits between mating cylindrical

features or fits between workpieces having features with
parallel faces, such as the fit between a key and keyway, etc.
This International Standard therefore gives the internationally

accepted system of limits and fits.
Annexes A and B give the basic formulae and rules necessary
for establishing the system, and examples in the use of the
standard are to be regarded as an integral part of the standard.
For simplicity and also because of the importance of cylindrical

workpieces of circular section, only these are referred to explicitly. It should be clearly understood, however, that the
tolerances and deviations given in this International Standard
equally apply to workpieces of other than circular section.
NOTE - It should be noted that the system is not intended to provide

fits for workpieces with features having other than simple geometric
forms.
For the purposes of this part of IS0 286, a simple geometric form
consists of a cylindrical surface area or two parallel planes.
3
Annex C gives a list of equivalent terms used in IS0 286 and
other International Standards on tolerances.
References
NOTE -
See also clause 10.
IS0 1, Standard
measurements.
Scope
This part of IS0 286 gives the bases of the IS0 system of limits
and fits together with the calculated values of the standard
tolerances and fundamental deviations. These values shall be
taken as authoritative for the application of the system (see also
clause A. I).
This part of IS0 286 also gives terms and definitions together
with associated symbols.
1)
of
reference
temperature
for industrial
length
IS0 286-2, IS0 system of limits and fits - Part 2: Tables of

standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and
shafts.
ISOIR 1938, IS0 system of limits and fits - Inspection of plain
workpieces. 1)
IS0 8615, Technical
principle.
drawings
Fundamental
tolerancing
At present under revision.
1
IS0
286-l
Terms
: 1988 (E)
and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following

terms and definitions apply. It should be noted, however, that
some of the terms are defined in a more restricted sense than in
common usage.
4.5
zero line : In a graphical representation of limits and fits,
the straight line, representing the basic size, to which the deviations and tolerances are referred (see figure 1).
According to convention, the zero line is drawn horizontally,
with positive deviations shown above and negative deviations
below (see figure 2).
4.1
shaft:
A term used, according to convention,
to
describe an external feature of a workpiece, including features
which are not cylindrical (see also clause 2).
4.1.1 basic shaft: Shaft chosen as a basis for a shaft-basis

system of fits (see also 4.11,1).
For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a shaft the
upper deviation of which is zero.
4.2
hole : A term used, according to convention, to describe

an internal feature of a workpiece, including features which are
not cylindrical (see also clause 2).
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4.2.1 basic hole: Hole chosen as a basis for a hole-basis

system of fits (see also 4.11.2).
For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a hole the
lower deviation of which is zero.
4.3
size: A number expressing, in a particular

numerical value of a linear dimension.
unit, the
4.3.1 basic size; nominal size: The size from which the
limits of size are derived by the application of the upper and
lower deviations (see figure 1).
NOTE - The basic size can be a whole number or a decimal number,
e.g. 32; 15; 8,75; 0,5; etc.
4.3.2 actual
measurement.
size:
The
size of a feature,
obtained
by
4.3.2.1 actual local size: Any individual distance at any

cross-section of a feature, i.e. any size measured between any
two opposite points.
4.3.3 limits of size: The two extreme permissible sizes of a
feature, between which the actual size should lie, the limits of
size being included,
4.3.3.1 maximum
limit of size:
size of a feature (see figure 1).
The greatest permissible
4.3.3,2 minimum limit of size : The smallest permissible size

of a feature (see figure 1).
4.4
limit system
deviations.
: A system of standardized tolerances and
Figure 1 -
Basic size, and maximum

limits of size
4.6
deviation:
The algebraic difference between a size
(actual size, limit of size, etc.) and the corresponding basic size.
NOTE - Symbols for shaft deviations are lower case letters (es, ei) and
symbols for hole deviations are upper case letters L!CS, EI) (see
figure 2).
4.6.1
limit deviations
: Upper deviation and lower deviation.
4.6.1.1 upper deviation (ES, es): The algebraic difference

between the maximum limit of size and the corresponding basic
size (see figure 2).
4.6.1.2 lower deviation
(EZ, ei): The algebraic difference
between the minimum limit of size and the corresponding basic
size (see figure 2).
4.6.2 fundamental
deviation : For the purposes of the IS0
system of limits and fits, that deviation which defines the
position of the tolerance zone in relation to the zero line (see
figure 2).
NOTE - This may be either the upper or lower deviation, but, according to convention, the fundamental deviation is the one nearest the
zero line.
4.7
size tolerance:
The difference between the maximum
limit of size and the minimum limit of size, i.e. the difference
between the upper deviation and the lower deviation.
NOTE - The tolerance is an absolute value without sign.

and minimum
IS0 266-l
: 1966 (E)
Lower deviation (,!?I, ei) (4.6.1.2)

Clearance (4.8)
r
Tolerance zone (4.7.3)
Figure 3 Figure 2 -
Conventional
tolerance
representation
zone
Clearance
of a
4.7.1 standard tolerance (IT) : For the purposes of the IS0

system of limits and fits, any tolerance belonging to this
system.
NOTE - The letters of the symbol IT stand for international
Tolerance grade.
4.7.2 standard tolerance grades: For the purposes of the
IS0 system of limits and fits, a group of tolerances (e.g. IT7),
considered as corresponding to the same level of accuracy for
all basic sizes.
4.7.3 tolerance
zone: In a graphical representation of
tolerances, the zone, contained between two lines representing
the maximum and minimum limits of size, defined by the
magnitude of the tolerance and its position relative to the zero
line (see figure 2).
4.8.1 minimum
clearance:
In a clearance fit, the positive
difference between the minimum limit of size of the hole and
the maximum limit of size of the shaft (see figure 4).
4.8.2 maximum
clearance:
In a clearance or transition fit,
the positive difference between the maximum limit of size of
the hole and the minimum limit of size of the shaft (see
figures 4 and 5).
4.9
interference : The negative difference between the sizes

of the hole and the shaft, before assembly, when the diameter
of the shaft is larger than the diameter of the hole (see
figure 6).
4.9.1 minimum
interference:
In an interference fit, the
negative difference, before assembly, between the maximum
limit of size of the hole and the minimum limit of size of the
shaft (see figure 7).
4.7.4 tolerance class: The term used for a combination of

fundamental deviation and a tolerance grade, e.g. h9, D13, etc.
4.7.5 standard tolerance factor (i, II
the IS0 system of limits and fits, a factor
the basic size, and which is used as a
nation of the standard tolerances of the
: For the purposes of

which is a function of
basis for the determisystem.
NOTES
1 The standard tolerance factor i is applied to basic sizes less than or
equal to 500 mm.
2 The standard tolerance factor lis applied to basic sizes greater than
600 mm.
4.8
clearance : The positive difference between the sizes of

the hole and the shaft, before assembly, when the diameter of
the shaft is smaller than the diameter of the hole (see figure 3).
Figure 4 -
Clearance
fit
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3
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IS0 286-l
: 1988 (I3
Maximum
clearance
Maximum
interference -
(4.8.2)
interference
(4.9.2)
Figure 5 - Transition
Figure 7 -
fit
Minimum
interference
Interference
fit
4.10.1 clearance fit: A fit that always provides a clearance

between the hole and shaft when assembled, i.e. the minimum
size of the hole is either greater than or, in the extreme case,
equal to the maximum size of the shaft (see figure 8).
Interference (4.9)
Hole
HI-III?
line
Shaft
Figure 6 -
4.10.2
interference
interference
Figure 6 -
Interference
Schematic
between
representation
of clearance
fits
fit : A fit which everywhere provides an

the hole and shaft when
assembled,
i.e.
the maximum size of the hole is either smaller than or, in the extreme case, equal to the minimum size of the shaft (see
figure 9).
Shaft
4.9.2 maximum
interference:
In an interference or transition fit, the negative difference, before assembly, between
the minimum limit of size of the hole and the maximum limit of
size of the shaft (see figures 5 and 7).
Shaft
4.10
fit: The relationship resulting from the difference,

before assembly, between the sizes of the two features (the
hole and the shaft) which are to be assembled.
NOTE - The two mating parts of a fit have a common basic size.

WA
Hole
Figure 9 -
Schematic
Zero line
Hole
representation
of interference
fits
IS0 286-l
4.10.3 transition
fit: A fit which may provide either a
clearance or an interference between the hole and shaft when
assembled, depending on the actual sizes of the hole and shaft,
i.e. the tolerance zones of the hole and the shaft overlap completely or in part (see figure 10).
:I988
(E)
4.11.2 hole-basis system of fits: A system of fits in which

the required clearances or interferences are obtained by
associating shafts of various tolerance classes with holes of a
single tolerance class.
For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a system
of fits in which the minimum limit of size of the hole is identical
to the basic size, i.e. the lower deviation is zero (see figure 12).
Zero line
Figure 10 - Schematic
representation
of transition
4.10.4 variation
of a fit: The arithmetic sum
tolerances of the two features comprising the fit.
fits
of the
NOTE - The variation of a fit is an absolute value without sign.

4.11
fit system: A system of fits comprising
holes belonging to a limit system.
shafts and
4.11.1 shaft-basis system of fits: A system of fits in which

the required clearances or interferences are obtained by
associating holes of various tolerance classes with shafts of a
single tolerance class.
For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a system
of fits in which the maximum limit of size of the shaft is
identical to the basic size, i.e. the upper deviation is zero (see
figure 11).
Basic size (4.3.1)
NOTES
1 The horizontal continuous
ations for holes or shafts.
lines represent the fundamental
devi-
2 The dashed lines represent the other limits and show the possibility
of different combinations between holes and shafts, related to their
grade of tolerance (e.g. H6/h6, H6/js5, H6/p4).
Figure 12 -
Hole-basis
system
of fits
4.12
maximum
material limit (MML):
The designation
applied to that of the two limits of size which corresponds to
the maximum material size for the feature, i.e.
- the maximum
feature (shaft),
(upper) limit of size for an external
Shaft h
the minimum (lower) limit of size for an internal feature

(hole).
NOTE L-Basic size (4.3.1)
4.13
least material limit (LMLI : The designation applied to
that of the two limits of size which corresponds to the minimum
material size for the feature, i.e.
NOTES
1 The horizontal continuous
ations for holes or shafts.
Previously called GO limit.
lines represent the fundamental
devi-
2 The dashed lines represent the other limits and show the possibility
of different combinations between holes and shafts, related to their
grade of tolerance (e.g. G7/h4, H6/h4, M5/h4).
Figure 11 - Shaft-basis
system
of fits
- the minimum (lower) limit of size for an external feature

(shaft),
- the maximum (upper) limit of size for an internal feature
(hole).
NOTE -
Previously called NOT GO limit.
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5
286-l
: 1988 (E)
5 Symbols,
of tolerances,
5.1
designation
deviations
and
and
Examples :
interpretation
fits
32H7
8Qjs15
10Og6
100 12%
Symbols
51.1
Standard
tolerance
grades
The standard tolerance grades are designated by the letters IT

followed by a number, e.g. IT7. When the tolerance grade is
associated with (a) letter(s) representing
a fundamental
deviation to form a tolerance class, the letters IT are omitted,
e.g. h7.
NOTE - The IS0 system provides for a total of 20 standard tolerance
grades of which grades IT1 to IT18 are in general use and are given in
the main body of the standard. Grades IT0 and ITOl, which are not in
general use, are given in annex A for information purposes.
ATTENTION
- In order to distinguish between holes and
shafts when transmitting
information
on equipment
with
limited character sets, such as telex, the designation shall be
prefixed by the following letters :
-
H or h for holes;
S or s for shafts.
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IS0
Examp /es :
56H5 becomes H56H5 or h5Oh5
56h6 becomes S56H6 or s5Oh6
5.1.2
5.1.2.1
Deviations
This method
drawings.
Position of tolerance zone
The position of the tolerance zone with respect to the zero line,
which is a function of the basic size, is designated by (an) upper
case letter(s) for holes (A . . . ZCI or (a) lower case letter(s) for
shafts (a . , . zc) (see figures 13 and 141.
NOTE - To avoid confusion,
I, i; L, I; 0,o;
5.1.2,2
the following
by the letters ES
for
Lower deviations
by the letters EZ for
Tolerance
be
used
on
between
mating features shall be designated
the common
basic size;
b)
the tolerance
class symbol for the hole;
c)
the tolerance
class symbol for the shaft.
H or h for holes;
S or s for shafts;
and the basic size repeated.
Examples :
52H7/g6
becomes H52H7lS52G6
This method
drawings.
Examples :
l-t7 (holes)
h7 (shafts)
Toleranced
or 52 z
ATTENTION
- In order to distinguish between the hole and
the shaft when transmitting
information on equipment with
limited character sets, such as telex, the designation shall be
prefixed by the following letters :
class
A tolerance class shall be designated by the letter(s) representing the fundamental

deviation followed
by the number
representing the standard tolerance grade.
5.2.2
not
a)
52H7/g6
Designation
5.2.1
shall
Upper deviations
The lower deviations are designated

holes and the letters ei for shafts.
5.2
letters are not used:
designation
Fit
A fit requirement
by
Q, q; W, w.
The upper deviations are designated

holes and the letters es for shafts.
5.1.2.3
5.2.3
of
5.3
size
A toleranced size shall be designated by the basic size followed

by the designation of the required tolerance class, or the explicit deviations.

5.3.1
of
Interpretation
Tolerance
designation
or h52h7ls52g6
shall
not
of a toleranced
indication
in accordance
be
used
on
size
with
IS0 5615
The tolerances for workpieces

manufactured
to drawings
marked with the notation, Tolerancing
IS0 8015, shall be
interpreted as indicated in 5.3.1.1 and 5.3.1.2.
IS0 286-I : 1983 (E)
a)
b)
Holes (internal featurt?s)
Shafts (external features)
NOTES
1
According
to convention,
For details concerning
the fundamental
fundamental
Figure
13 -
deviation
deviations
Schematic
for J/j,
is the one defining

K/k, M/m
representation
the nearest limit to the zero line.
and N/n, see figure 14.
of the positions
of fundamental
deviations
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IS0 266-l
5.3.1.1
Linear size tolerances
A linear size tolerance controls only the actual local sizes (twopoint measurements) of a feature, but not its form deviations
(for example circularity and straightness deviations of a cylindrical feature or flatness deviations of parallel surfaces). There
is no control of the geometrical interrelationship of individual
features by the size tolerances. (For further information, see
ISO/R 1936 and IS0 6615.)
5.3.1.2
Graphical
: 1966 (E)
representation
The major terms and definitions given in clause 4 are illustrated

in figure 15.
In practice, a schematic diagram such as that shown in
figure 16 is used for simplicity. In this diagram, the axis of the
workpiece, which is not shown in the figure, according to convention always lies below the diagram.
In the example illustrated, the two deviations of the hole are
positive and those of the shaft are negative.
Envelope requirement
Single features, whether a cylinder, or established by two

parallel planes, having the function of a fit between mating
parts, are indicated on the drawing by the symbol @ in addition to the dimension and tolerance. This indicates a mutual
dependence of size and form which requires that the envelope
of perfect form for the feature at maximum material size shall
not be violated, (For further information, see ISO/R 1936 and
IS0 8015.1
Upper deviation (4.6.1 .l) Lower deviation (4.6.1.2) -
NOTE - Some national standards (which should be referred to on the

drawing) specify that the envelope requirement for single features is
the norm and therefore this is not indicated separately on the drawing.
5.3.2 Tolerance
IS0 6015
indication
not in accordance
with
The tolerances for workpieces manufactured to drawings

which do not have the notation, Tolerancing
IS0 8015, shall
be interpreted in the following ways within the stipulated
length :
a)
For holes
The diameter of the largest perfect imaginary cylinder,

which can be inscribed within the hole so that it just contacts the highest points of the surface, should not be smaller
than the maximum material limit of size. The maximum
diameter at any position in the hole shall not exceed the
least material limit of size.
Minimum limit of size (4.3.3.21
For shafts
The diameter of the smallest perfect imaginary cylinder,

which can be circumscribed about the shaft so that it just
contacts the highest points of the surface, should not be
larger than the maximum material limit of size. The minimum diameter at any position on the shaft shall be not less
than the least material limit of size.
Basic size (4.3.1)
Figure 15 -
Graphical
representation
Hole
The interpretations given in a) and b) mean that if a workpiece

is everywhere at its maximum material limit, that workpiece
should be perfectly round and straight, i.e. a perfect cylinder.
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Maximum limit of size (4.3.3.1)
b)
Unless otherwise specified, and subject to the above requirements, departures from a perfect cylinder may reach the full
value of the diameter tolerance specified. For further information, see ISO/R 1936.
NOTE - In special cases, the maximum form deviations permitted by
the interpretations given in a) and b) may be too large to allow satisfactory functioning of the assembled parts: in such cases, separate
tolerances should be given for the form, e.g. separate tolerances on
circularity and/or straightness (see IS0 1101).

Figure 16 - Simplified
schematic
diagram
9
IS0 286-l
:I988
Reference
(El
9.2
temperature
Fundamental
deviations
for holes
[except deviation JS (see 9.311

The temperature at which the dimensions of the IS0 system of
limits and fits are specified is 20 C (see IS0 I).
8 Standard
3150mm
8.1
tolerances
for basic
sizes
up to
The fundamental deviations for holes and their respective sign

( + or - 1 are shown in figure 18. Values for the fundamental
deviations are given in table 3.
The upper deviation (ES) and lower deviation (EZ) are
established from the fundamental deviation and the standard
tolerance grade (IT) as shown in figure 18.
Basis of the system
8.2
Values of standard
tolerance
Deviations K to ZC
(not valid for tolerance grades
less than or equal to IT8
of deviation K and tolerance
class M8)
Deviations A to H
The bases for calculating the standard tolerances are given in

annex A.
grades (IT)
Values of standard tolerance grades IT1 to IT18 inclusive are

given in table 1. These values are to be taken as authoritative
for the application of the system.
Zero line
h
Y
NOTE - Values for standard tolerance grades IT0 and IT01 are given in
annex A.
deviations
9.1
deviations
Fundamental
for basic
sizes
up
EI = positive (+I fundamental deviation
ES = negative ( - 1 fundamental deviation
ES = EI + IT
EI = ES - IT
for shafts
[except deviation js (see 9.311
Figure 16 -
The fundamental deviations for shafts and their respective sign

(+ or - ) are shown in figure 17. Values for the fundamental
deviations are given in table 2.
The upper deviation (es) and lower deviation (ei) are established from the fundamental deviation and the standard
tolerance grade (IT) as shown in figure 17.
Deviations a to h
9.3
Fundamental
Deviations
deviations
for holes
js and JS
(see figure 19)

The information given in 9.1 and 9.2 does not apply to fundamental deviations js and JS, which are a symmetrical
distribution of the standard tolerance grade about the zero line,
i.e. for js:
Deviations k to zc
L
and for JS :
es = negative ( -1 fundamental deviation

ei = es - IT
Figure 17 -
Zeroline
4
ei = positive ( + 1 funda-
I
I
Deviations
I
j
mental deviation
LIT
2
es = ei + IT
for shafts
Figure 19 -
10

Hole
Deviations
js and JS
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
9 Fundamental
to3150mm
IS0 286-I
9.4
Fundamental
The information
of the standard
deviations
j and J
given in 9.1 to 9.3 does not apply to fundamental

deviations j and J, which are, for the most part, asymmetrical
tolerance grade about the zero line (see IS0 286-2, tables 8 and 24).
Table 1 - Numerical
Basic size
Above
values of standard
tolerance
IT321
IT421 1 IT521 1 IT6
IT7
IT8
up to
and in-
distributions
grades IT for basic sizes up to 3 160 mm)
Standard
I
IT121 IT221
mm
: 1988 (EI
tolerance
grades
IT9 1 IT10 1 IT11 1 IT12 1 IT13 1 IT143)I IT153q ITI63)
IT173)j ITl83)
Tolerances
400
!a0
6302)
11
16
22
32
44
70
110
175
260
440
0,7
630
6002)
10
13
18
25
36
50
60
125
200
320
500
0,8
9
I,1
1.75
2,8
4,4
11
1.25
1,4
3.2
12,5
2,3
3,6
5,6
14
1)
Values for standard tolerance grades IT01 and IT0 for basic sizes less than or equal to 500 m m are given in annex A, table 5.
2)
Values for standard tolerance grades IT1 to IT5 (incl.) for basic sizes over 506 m m are included for experimental use.
3)
Standard tolerance grades IT14 to IT18 6ncl.J shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to 1 mm.
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

11
IS0 266-l
: 1966 (E)
Table
2 -
Numerical
values
of the
Fundamental
Basic size
Upper deviation
es
mm
All standard
-I-
up to
and including
Above
-
3)
at)
-
bl)
270
-140
cd
-60
-34
tolerance
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
60
=I=
120
120
140
250
280
260
315
1)
!m
560
630
630
710
710
800
IT71
IT8
20
I-161
100
100
-1
1-210
-1251
I-621
-1951
I-961
-10
-12
-14
-15
-17
-32
560
800
900
9cQ
1000
lOOil
1 120
im
1 250
;;I
-321
I
grades
1250
1400
1400
16cCl
1600
1600
1600
2WO
2066
2 240
2240
2506
-290
I
I
I -3m
l-3=
-220 1
-110
l-40
-240
-120
-460
-260
-130
1 -520
-290
-145
Fundamental deviations a and b shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to 1 mm.
2)
-1
-34
-38
For tolerance classes js7 to jsll, if the IT value number, n, is an odd number, this may be rounded to the even number immediately below, so that the
ITtl
resulting deviations, i.e. f , can be expressed in whole micrometres.
2
12

IS0 266-l
fundamental
deviations
: 1966 (E)
of shafts
Fundamental deviation values in micrometres
values
Lower deviation
IT4
I77
Up to IT3
(incl.) and
above IT7
k
0I
ei
All standard
+2
+I
+4
+ 12
+I
+6
+ 10
+ 16
+I
+7
+ 12
+ 18
+2
+8
+ 15
+2
+9
+ 17
+ 26
+2
+11
+ 20
+ 32
+3
+13
+ 23
+ 37
+15
+17
+ 31
+20
+34
+4
+21
+ 37
+23
+ 40
+26
+44
+30
+ 50
+34
+66
+40
+643
OI
0
I
0
0
0
+ 60
+ 62
_+6&l
+120
+46
+ 78
+140
+66
+ 62
+I70
+66
+110
+195
~
0
+76
za
zb
zc
I
1141+
1441+1721+2101+
170
254
525
I +202 I +246 I+ 300I+
+ 27
-l-4
+5
701+81l+971+
1 + 66 I+
+4
grades
+ 63
+3
tolerance
+135

+240
+ 60 1 +
106 1 +
146 1 +
130 1 +
180
210 1 +262 1 +310

258
+310
+385
1+
-I- 470
196
264 1 +340 1 +425
t-
269
390
+475
S-590
294
435
+530
+660
-I- 620
232
33
252
36-O +
490 I +595 I +740

640 +660
t620
620
780
+I160
660
640
+I300
+300
640
960
+330
720
+I050
+1690
+370
620
+1200
+1650
+400
920
+I350
+2000
4-440
+I000
+I500
+2300
+460
-f-1100
+1650
+2500
+550
+I250
+1900
+29cxl
+660
+I400
+2100
+3200
+ 64
140
+106
190
+114
-I- 208
+I26
+I32
+250
+260
l-
1+
740 1 +
730
900
+lOQO
920 1 +I 100
+lOOO
i-1250
1+
520 1 +
+1150
+1 5m I+1900
I+l.100
. -
1 +I650
1 +2100
+I450
+I650
+2400
+I600
+2100
+2600
+1450
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
deviation
13
286-l
: 1988 (E)
Table
3 -
Numerical
I
I
Fundamental
Basic size
of the
deviation
EI
Lower deviation
All standard
tolerance
F
EF
r-10
t
6
t14
+ 10
~18
-
+ 13
II
IT6
grades
Above
3
6
10
14
16
24
30
40
60
86
60
values
IT7
IT6
f=G
-
t4
t6
t8
-
+2
+4
t5
0
0
0
+2
-t5
t5
t4
-
+6
+6
t8
+10
-1 +A
t12
t6
t6
t10
+7
+8
t9
+10
+ 16
JS2)
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
IS0
J
0
-1 +A
-2
- 4tA
- 8+A
-2
-4
- 6
t15
-1 +A
- 7tA
- 7
t12
+26
-, 2tA
- 8tA
- 8
+10
+14
t24
-2+A
-9+A
-9
+13
t18
t28
-2+A
-11 +A
-11
t12
+16
+22
+34
-3tA
-13+A
-13
+14
t18
+26
l-15+41
-15
t15
t17
ii8
t20
+22
+24
t26
+20
-40
50
+ 320 +180
+130
65
+190
+I40
80
+ 350 +200
t150
310
340
+170
tm
100
380
+220
+170
120
410
t240
+180
140
460 +260
+ 25
-
t200
-3+A
225
250
280
315
355
260
280
+ 820 +420
+ 920 +4so
+280
+m
315
t1050
+540
+330
-l-600
+360
+680
+403
355
400
1 +1m
+135O
+190
i-110
-
+210
+125
+ 62
-
+ 76
-
01
001
1
I
l-28 0
01
l-30 0
i-32 0
01 I
t3a
01
I-34
I
II
I-40
I
-48
t34
-28 I
I-58
I
-88
I)
-76
Fundamental deviations A and B shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to 1 mm.
2)
For tolerance classes JS7 to JSll, if the IT value number, n, is an odd number, this may be rounded to the even number immediately below, so that the
ITn
resulting deviations, i.e. f ?,
can be expressed in whole micrometres.
3) For determining the values K, M and N for standard tolerance grades up to IT8 (inch) and deviations P to ZC for standard tolerance grades up to IT7
(incl.), take the A values from the columns on the right.
14

IS0 286-l
fundamental
deviations
: 1988 (E)
of holes
Fundamental deviation values in micrometres
values
er deviation
Values for A
ES
u/-z
(incl.)
Standard
P
-4
- 8+A
-lO+A
-12+A
10
12
15
19
15
19
23
18
14
-23-
grades above IT7
lulvlxlYl
-4
tolerance
28
22
-29
35.
-17-!-A
-26
-34
43--
-23+A
4l-
IT: IT4
T5 IT6i I T7
TI
0
1
i--
b
yi
i-i
I
a
s
?-
1
-
118
1,E
-
2
-
--
1,:
3
-
ZA
ZB
20
23
28
28
-34
-40
!3J-
64
-45
60-
JJ
J388-
18
33
-39
-15+A
Standard tolerance
grades
41
-47
-!3-
48
-55
-64
46- a
60 I -68
54 -
JO -81
-a-
26
32
35
42
42
52
- 97
63J5-
I ZC
98
94-112-149
-.~ 1
I
- 136 -
114
180
13
2
0
T
6-
12
-
9
-
14
-
4
5
32
2
-
3
-
11
-
16
-
- 37
2
-
4
-
13
-
19
-
6201- 800
JKII900 3
J80-loo0
-
15
23
-27-!-A
5ml-
670
-3l+A
6801-1150
9601-1250
-10%
I-1
350
17
26
-34+A
4
-
4
-
m
-
29
-
-37-14
4
-
5
-
11
21
-
32
-
5
-
5
-
13
23
-
34
-
-4O+A
-44
-50
-56
-66
-68
-1261-
- 78 -68
78
-100
-120
-136
490
-595
-740
360
540
-660
-820
-1000
450
3301-
920 -1100
-1450
-16M)
-1250
-150-260-400-603
-
310
-175
340 -
660
500 -
740
940
-140
430
-220
470 520 -
680 -1050
760 -1150
580
~~~ I -
950
-260
-195
-240
-33Ol~~~ I
-370
- 170
-210
-300
-110
252
-155
-250
- 92
-185-380-560-940
232]-
-132
640
620
840
- -I -1m ---1460
72OI-1050~-l&M
-~- I
---
820 -1200
-4al
I--- I
9201-1.250
--- I
---
---
-1850
-2@3J
-440
-1cm
-1500
-7m
____
-460
-1lco
-1650
-2m
-550
-1250
-1900
-2900
-580
-1400
-2100
-3200
3) (conch.) Examples:
K7 in the range 18 to 30 mm: A = 8 pm, therefore ES = -2
S6 in the range 18 to 30 mm: A = 4 pm, therefore ES = -35
f 8 = +6 pm
+ 4 = -31
pm
4)
Special cases : for tolerance class M6 in the range from 250 to 315 mm, ES = -9 pm (instead of - 11 urn).
5)
Fundamental deviation N for standard tolerance grades above IT8 shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to

mm.
15
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
UP
IS0
266-I
: 1966 (EI
10
Bibliography
IS0 1947, System of cone tolerances for conical workpieces

from C = 1 : 3 to 1 : 500 and lengths from 6 to 630 mm.
The following International Standards on tolerancing and

tolerance systems will be useful with regard to the application
of this part of IS0 286:
IS0 406, Technical
ances - Indications
drawings on drawings.
Linear and angular
IS0 2692, Technical drawings

Maximum material principle.
toler-
IS0 1101, Technical drawings - Geometrical tolerancing

Tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out
Generalities, definitions, symbols, indications on drawings.
tolerancing
IS0 5166, System of cone fits for cones from C = 1 : 3 to

1 : 500, lengths from 6 to 630 mm and diameters up to
600 mm.
1) At present at the stage of draft. (Revision, in part, of IS0 2769 : 1973.)
16
Geometrical
IS0 271X-1, General tolerances for dimensions

without
tolerance indications - Part 1: Tolerances for linear and
angular dimensions. 1)
IS0 1829, Selection of tolerance zones for general purposes.

--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
is0
Annex
: 1988 (E)
Bases of the IS0 system

--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
A.1
286-l
of limits
and fits
(This annex forms an integral part of the standard.)
General
A.2
This annex gives the bases of the IS0 system of limits and fits.
The data are given primarily so that values can be calculated for
fundamental deviations, which may be required in very special
circumstances and which are not given in the tables, and also
so that a more complete understanding of the system is
provided.
4 -
size steps
For convenience, the standard tolerances and fundamental

deviations are not calculated individually for each separate
basic size, but for steps of the basic size as given in table 4.
These steps are grouped into main steps and intermediate
steps. The intermediate steps are only used in certain cases for
calculating standard tolerances and fundamental deviations
a to c and r to zc for shafts, and A to C and R to ZC for
holes.
It is once more emphasized that the tabulated values in either

this part of IS0 286 or IS0 286-2, for standard tolerances and
fundamental deviations, are definitive, and shall be used when
applying the system.
Table
Basic
The values of the standard tolerances and fundamental deviations for each basic size step are calculated from the
Basic
size steps
Values in millimetrc
a)
Values in millimetres
b)
Basic sizes up to 500 m m (incl.1
Basic sizes above 500 m m up to

3 150 m m (incl.)
No subdivision
I)
These are used, in certain cases, for deviations a to c and r to zc or A to C and R to ZC (see tables 2 and 3).
2)
These are used for the deviations r to

u and R to U (see tables 2 and 3).
17
IS0 286-l
: 1988 (E)
mean (D) of the extreme sizes (Dt and L&l of that
geometrical
step, as follows :
A.3.2
Derivation of standard tolerances
basic sizes up to and including 500 mm
A.3.2.1
For the first basic size step (less than or equal to 3 mm), the
geometrical mean, D, according to convention, is taken
between the sizes 1 and 3 mm, therefore D = 1,732 mm.
A.3
Standard
A-3.1
tolerance
Standard
grades
The IS0 system of limits and fits provides for

tolerance grades designated ITOI, ITO, ITI, . . .
size range from 0 up to 500 mm (incl.), and
tolerance grades in the size range from 500 mm up
(incl.1, designated IT1 to IT18.
Table 6 - Formulae for standard tolerances

in grades ITOI, IT0 and ITI for basic sizes up to and
including 500 mm
20 standard
, IT18 in the
18 standard
to 3 150 mm
As stated in the Foreword, the IS0 system is derived from

ISA Bulletin 25, which only covered basic sizes up to 500 mm,
and was mainly based on practical experience in industry. The
system was not developed from a coherent mathematical base,
and hence there are discontinuities in the system and differing
formulae for the deviation of IT grades up to 500 mm.
The values for standard tolerances for basic sizes from 500 mm
up to 3 150 mm (incl.) were subsequently developed for experimental purposes, and since they have proved acceptable to
industry they are now given as a part of the IS0 system.
It should be noted that values for standard tolerances in grades
IT0 and IT01 are not given in the main body of the standard
because they have little use in practice; however, values for
these are given in table 5.
Values in micrometres
Formula
Standard tolerance
grade
I)
Numerical values for standard

in grades IT01 and IT0
Standard tolerance
grades
I
IT01
Above
3
6
10
18
30
50
80
120
180
250
315
400
tolerances
Up to and
including
3
6
10
18
30
50
80
120
180
250
315
400
500
IT0
Tolerances
urn
0,3
OS4
0,4
0,5
33
W-3
W3
1
12
2
2,5
3
4
0,5
66
W3
023
1
1
12
I,5
2
3
4
5
6
where D is the geometric mean

of the basic size
in millimetres
0.3 + 0,008D
ITO)
0,5 + 0,OlW
IT1
0,8 + 0,020D
See the Foreword and A.3.1.
A.3.2.2
Standard
tolerance
grades IT5 to IT18
The values for standard tolerances in grades IT5 to IT18 for

basic sizes up to and including 500 mm are determined as a
function of the standard tolerance factor, i.
The standard tolerance factor, i, in micrometres,
from the following formula :
is calculated
+ 0,OOlD
where D is the geometric mean of the basic size step in

millimetres (see clause A-21.
This formula was empirically derived, being based on various
national practices and on the premise that, for the same manufacturing process, the relationship between the magnitude of
the manufacturing errors and the basic size approximates a
parabolic function.
The values of the standard tolerances are calculated in terms of
the standard tolerance factor, i, as shown in table 7.
It should be noted that from IT6 upwards, the standard
tolerances are multiplied by a factor of 10 at each fifth step.
This rule applies to all standard tolerances and may be used to
extrapolate values for IT grades above IT18.
Example :
IT20 = IT15 x 10 = 640i x 10 = 6400i
NOTE - The above rule applies except for IT6 in the basic size range
from 3 to 6 mm (incl.).
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
18

for calculation
IT01 1)
i = 0,45 m
Basic size
grades IT01 to IT4
The values of standard tolerances in grades ITOI, IT0 and IT1

are calculated from the formulae given in table 6. It should be
noted that no formulae are given for grades IT2, IT3 and IT4.
The values for tolerances in these grades have been approximately scaled in geometrical progression between the values
for IT1 and IT5.
General
Table 5 -
tolerance
(IT) for
IS0 286-l
Table 7 Basic size

mm
Formulae
for standard
tolerances
: 1988 (El
in grades IT1 to IT18
Standard tolerance grades

ITll)
IT211 IT311 IT411
IT5
IT6
IT7
IT8
IT9
IT10
IT11
IT12
IT13
IT14
IT15
IT16
IT17
1OOOi 16ooi
IT18
up to
Above
Formulae for standard tolerances (Results in micrometres)
and in-
eluding
5Qo
500
3150
7i
1Oi
l6i
25i
40i
64
1OOi 160i
250i
4COi
640i
21
2.71
3,71
51
71
101
16r
251
4OI
641
1001
2501
4001
6401 10001 16001 25031
1602
25GOi
1 I See A.3.2.1.
The values for standard tolerances in grades IT1 to IT18 are

determined as a function of the standard tolerance factor, I.
The standard tolerance factor, I, in micrometres,
from the following formula :
is calculated
Table 8 -
Rounding for IT values up to and including

standard tolerance grade IT11
Roundinn values in micrometres
Basic size
Calculated values
obtained from the formulae
given in A.3.2 and A.3.3
+!I%
Above
I = 0,004D + 2,l
Up to and
including
0
60
where D is the geometric mean of the basic size step in

millimetres (see clause A.2).
100
200
500
1000
2000
5Oao
1ocoo
20 000
The values of the standard tolerances are calculated in terms of

the standard tolerance factor, Z, as shown in table 7.
It should be noted that from IT6 upwards, the standard
tolerances are multiplied by a factor of 10 at each fifth step.
This rule applies to all standard tolerances and may be used to
extrapolate values for IT grades above IT18.
Rounding
60
100
200
500
1000
2000
5000
10 000
20000
5oooo
3%JL
in multiples
1
1
5
10
-
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
A.3.3
Derivation
of standard
tolerances
UT1
for basic sizes from 500 mm up to and including
3 150 mm
of
1
2
5
10
20
50
100
200
500
1000
Example :
NOTES
IT20 = IT15 x IO = 6491 x 10 = 64001
1 The formulae for standard tolerances in grades IT1 to IT5 are

given on a provisional basis only. (These did not appear in
ISO/R 286 : 1352.)
1 For the small values in particular, it has sometimes been necessary

to depart from these rules, and, in some instances, even from the
application of the formulae given in A.3.2 and A.3.3 in order to ensure
better scaling. Therefore the values given for the standard tolerances in
tables 1 and 5, as appropriate, shall be used in preference to calculated
values when applying the IS0 system.
2 Although the formulae for i and Zvary, continuity of progression is

assured for the transition range.
2 Values for standard tolerances in grades IT1 to IT18 are given in

table 1 and for IT0 and IT01 in table 5.
A.3.4
Rounding
tolerances
A.4
NOTES
of values
for standard
Derivation
deviations
deviations
For each basic size step, the values obtained from the formulae
given in A.3.2 and A.3.3, for standard tolerances in grades up
to and including ITII, are rounded off in accordance with the
rules given in table 8.
A.4.1
The calculated values of standard tolerances in grades above

IT1 1 do not require rounding off because they are derived from
values of tolerance grades IT7 to IT1 1, which have already been
rounded off.
The fundamental deviation given by the formulae in table 9 is,

in principle, that corresponding to the limits closest to the zero
line, i.e. the upper deviation for shafts a to h and the lower
deviation for shafts k to zc.

Fundamental
of fundamental
for shafts
The fundamental deviations for shafts are calculated from the

formulae given in table 9.
19
IS0 288-l
: 1988 (E)
Except for shafts j and js, for which, strictly speaking, there is
no fundamental deviation, the value of the deviation is independent of the selected grade of tolerance (even if the formula
includes a term involving ITnL
A.4.2
Fundamental
deviations
Hole-basis fit
Shaft-basis fit
(ei) + IT(n-I)= (ES) + ITn

(ei)- ITn=(fS)- ITh-I)
for holes
The fundamental deviations for holes are calculated from the

formulae given in table 9 and, therefore, the limit corresponding to the fundamental deviation for a hole is exactly symmetrical, in relation to the zero line, to the limit corresponding
to the fundamental deviation for a shaft with the same letter.
This rule applies to all fundamental
following :
deviations except for the
a) deviation N, for standard tolerance grades IT9 to IT16 in

basic sizes above 3 mm up to 500 mm (incl.), for which the
fundamental deviation is zero;
b) shaft or hole basis fits, for basic sizes above 3 up to
600 mm (incl.), in which a hole of a given standard tolerance
grade is associated with a shaft of the next finer grade (e.g.
H7/p6 and P7/h6), and which are required to have exactly
the same clearance or interferences, see figure 20.
In these cases, the fundamental deviation, as calculated, is
adjusted by algebraically adding the value of d as follows :
ES = ES (as calculated) + d
where d is the difference ITn - IT(n - 1) between the
standard tolerance, for the basic size step in the given
grade, and that in the next finer grade.
Example :
Figure 20 -
Diagrammatic
representation
given in A.4.2bl
of the rule
The fundamental deviation given by the formulae in table 9 is,

in principle, that corresponding to the limits closest to the zero
line, i.e. the lower deviation for holes A to H and the upper
deviation for holes K to ZC.
Except for holes J and JS, for which, strictly speaking, there is
no fundamental deviation, the value of the deviation is independent of the selected grade of tolerance (even if the formula
includes a term involving ITn).
For P7 in the basic size range from 18 up to 30 mm :
A = IT7 - IT6 = 21 - 13 = 8 pm
NOTE - The rule given in b) above is only applicable for basic sizes
over 3 m m for fundamental deviations K, M and N in standard
tolerance grades up to and including IT8, and deviations P to ZC in
standard tolerance grades up to and including IT7.
A.4.3
Rounding
deviations
of values for fundamental
For each basic size step, the values obtained from the formulae
given in table 9 are rounded off in accordance with the rules
given in table 10.
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
20

IS0 288-l
Table 9 Basic size

mm
1
120
1
Fundamental
deviation
Sign
(negative
es
es
cd
es
3 150
es
3150
es
120
500
160
500
40
500
160
0
40
IO
lo
ef
3 150
is
5003)
3 150
500
0
500
0
for fundamental
Shafts
up to
and including
Above
Formulae
Designation
pos~~ve~
es
EZ
EI
Geometric mean
of the values for
C, c and D, d
EI
1600.44
1 ID0141
EI
EI
+
+
-+
es
ei
ei
0,5 ITn
ei
50034
0,040 + 21
3 150
ei
50
50
24
3 150
3 156
ei
ei
ei
1 IT7 + D
I
1
ei
1 IT7 + 1,250
ei
1 IT7 + 1,6D
ei
1 IT7 + W
ei
1 IT7 + 2,5D
ei
1 IT8 + 3.150
18
500 I
500
500
500
5cil
0
0
1
I
X
V
za
IT7 + 0 to 5
0,07W + 37,8
Geometric mean
of the values for
P, p and S, s
IT8 + 1 to 4
IT7 + 0,4D
IT7 + 0,630
zb
ei
IT9 + 40
ZC
ei
IT10 + 50
-+
120
120
500
160
160
0
40
500
40
500
CD
10
3 150
3 150
1
1
1
1
t
K4)
No sian
ES
N4)
ES
P4)
ES
Fz4)
ES
s4)
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
1
1
I
1
1
lo
3 150
500
5005)
3 150
0
500
500
3 150
500
500
3 150
3150
50
3150
3150
3150
u4)
0
50
24
0
V4)
14
500
X4)
1
Y4)
I
24)
ZA4) 1
ZB 41
zc 41
500
18
500
0
0
0
0
1
I
500
5oa
5-00
500
T4)
1
1
1
I
1
1
up to
and inciuding
Above
JS
ES
Deviation = 0
ei
500
500
Ei
033G
I
1
pos%e)
14
0
Fundamental
deviation
EI
5ca
3 150
3150
Sign
(negative
Designation
265 + I,30
3,5D
= 140 + 0,850
= 1,8D
5200.2
95 + 0,8D
500
Basic size
mm
Holes
Formulael)
where D is the
geometric mean
of the basic size
in millimetres
(El
and holes
3150
for shafts
No sinn
5cMl
deviations
:I988
1)
Fundamental deviations (i.e. results from formulae) in micrometres.
2)
Values only given in tables 2 and 3.
3)
Formula only applies to grades IT4 to IT7 inclusively; fundamental deviation k for all other basic sizes and all other IT grades = 0.
4)
Special rule applies [see A.4.2bll.
5)
Formula only applies to grades up to IT8 inclusively; fundamental deviation K for all other basic sizes and all other IT grades = 0.
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

21
IS0 286-l
: 1688 (E)
Table
10 -
Rounding
for fundamental
deviations
Rounding values in micrometres
Basic size
above 509 m m up to
3 150 m m Encl.1
up to 590 m m Encl.1
Calculated values obtained from

the formulae given in table 9
Fundamental
-I-
a to g
A to G
deviations
k to zc
KtoZC
d to u
D to U
Above
Up to and
including
5
45
50
loo
200
300
5ocl
550
500
800
1000
2oOa
45
50
100
200
300
500
550
500
800
1000
2ooo
5Gvo
. * .
* . *
. . .
20 x IOn
50 x 10
loo x 10
50 x 10n
loo x IOn
200 x 10n
1 x 10
2 x 10
5 x 10
Rounding
1
2
5
5
10
10
10
20
20
20
50
1
1
1
2
2
5
5
5
IO
20
50
100
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
22

in multiules
of
1
1
2
5
10
10
20
20
20
20
50
100
IS0 286-l
Annex
Examples
: 1888 (E)
of the use of IS0 286-l
(This annex forms an integral part of the standard.)
B.l
6.3
General
Examples
This annex gives examples in the use of the IS0 system of limits
and fits, in determining the limits for shafts and holes.
B.3.1 Determining
0 4Ogll
The numerical values of the upper and lower deviations for the
more generally used basic size steps, fundamental deviations
and tolerance grades have been calculated and are tabulated in
IS0 286-2.
Basic size step : 30 to 50 mm (from table 4)
the limits
of size for a shaft
Standard tolerance = 160 pm (from table 1)

Fundamental deviation = -9 pm (from table 2)
In special cases, not covered by IS0 286-2, the appropriate

upper and lower deviations, and hence the limits of size, can be
calculated from the data given in fables 1 to 3, and tables 4 to 6
in#annex A in this part of IS0 286.
Upper deviation = fundamental

Lower deviation
deviation = -9 pm
= fundamental deviation - tolerance

= -9 - 169pm = - 169pm
Limits of size :
B.2
Review
of special
features
A summary of the features and factors which shall be taken

into consideration when using this part of IS0 286 to derive
upper and lower deviations for special cases is given below:
shafts and holes a, A, b, B are provided only for basic
sizes greater than 1 mm;
shafts j8 are provided only for basic sizes less than or
equal to 3 mm;
holes K in tolerance grades above IT8 are provided only
for basic sizes less than or equal to 3 mm;
shafts and holes t, T, v, V and y, Y are only provided
for basic sizes greater than 24 mm, 14 mm and 18 mm,
respectively (for smaller basic sizes, the deviations are practically the same as those of the adjacent tolerance grades) ;
tolerance grades IT14 to IT18 are only provided for
basic sizes greater than 1 mm;
holes N of tolerance grades above IT8 are only provided
for basic sizes greater than 1 mm.
Maximum
= 40 - 0,009 = 39,991 mm
Minimum
= 40 - 0,169 = 39,831 mm
8.3.2
Determining
the limits
of size for a hole
0 130N4
Basic size step : 120 to 180 mm (from table 4)
Standard tolerance = 12 pm (from table I)
Fundamental deviation = -27
+ d pm (from table 3)
Value of A = 4 pm (from table 3)

Upper deviation = fundamental deviation
= -27 + 4 = -23 pm
Lower deviation = fundamental deviation - tolerance
= -23 - 12 pm = -35 pm
Limits of size:
Maximum
= 130 - 0,023 = 129,977 mm
Minimum
= 130 - 0,035 = 129,965 mm
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

23
IS0 296-l : 1998 (El
Annex
Equivalent
C
terms
(This annex does not form an integral part of the standard.)
C.l
General
This annex establishes a list of terms used in IS0 286 (and in other International
Standards
on tolerances).
NOTE - In addition to terms used in the three official IS0 languages (English, French and Russian), the equivalent terms in German, Spanish, Italian,
Swedish and Japanese are also given. These have been included at the request of Technical Committee ISO/TC 3 and are published under the
responsibility of the member bodies for Germany, F.R. (DIN), Spain (AENOR), Italy RJNI), Sweden (SIS) and Japan (JISCL
C.2
Notes on presentation
The numerals 01 to 90 give the alphabetical
order for the first language (i.e. English) only (for reference).
The column Reference clause refers to the number of the clause, sub-clause,
important place) in this part of IS0 286.
The words given in parentheses
indicate that the part of the term placed between them may be omitted.
Synonyms have been separated by a semi-colon.

some of the preceding words.
Short explanations
C.3
etc. in which the term is defined (or the most
Square brackets indicate that the word(s) placed between them may replace all or
as regards the term have been presented in note form.
Recommendations
for the user
It is recommended that the users, for convenience,

accordingly on the left-hand side of the table,
re-arrange the vocabulary alphabetically
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
24

in their own languages and number them
IS0 286-l : 1988 (EI
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ISO 286-l
: 1999 (El
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

: 1666 (E)
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
IS0 266-I

: 1666 (E)

--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
IS0 266-I
:I988
E)
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
1s0 266-l

29
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
IS0 286-l
: 1988 (El

IS0
266-l
: 1666 (E)
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
UDC
621.763.1/.2
Descriptors
: dimensional tolerances,
fits,
fundamental tolerances,
definitions,
symbols,
Price based on 30 pages

designation,
schematic representation,
dimensions.

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INTERNATIONAL

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION

Partie 1: Base des tokrances,

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

in this part of IS0 266 are as follows :

Inch values have been deleted.

g) The principles, terminology

and symbols have been aligned with those required

International Organization for Standardization,

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

Symbols, designation and interpretation of tolerances,

deviations for basic sizes up to 3 150 mm ...................

Bases of the IS0 system of limits and fits ...............................

Examples of the use of IS0 286-l ......................................

Equivalent terms ...................................................

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

IS0 266-l : 1966 (E)

of limits and fits -

The IS0 system of limits and fits provides a system

Similarly, where a specific fit condition is required between

In particular, the general term hole or shaft can be taken

With developments in industry and international trade, it

The system also provides for fits between mating cylindrical

This International Standard therefore gives the internationally

For simplicity and also because of the importance of cylindrical

NOTE - It should be noted that the system is not intended to provide

See also clause 10.

IS0 286-2, IS0 system of limits and fits - Part 2: Tables of

At present under revision.

For the purposes of this International Standard, the following

4.1.1 basic shaft: Shaft chosen as a basis for a shaft-basis

hole : A term used, according to convention, to describe

4.2.1 basic hole: Hole chosen as a basis for a hole-basis

size: A number expressing, in a particular

4.3.2.1 actual local size: Any individual distance at any

The greatest permissible

4.3.3,2 minimum limit of size : The smallest permissible size

: A system of standardized tolerances and

Basic size, and maximum

: Upper deviation and lower deviation.

4.6.1.1 upper deviation (ES, es): The algebraic difference

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

Lower deviation (,!?I, ei) (4.6.1.2)

Tolerance zone (4.7.3)

4.7.1 standard tolerance (IT) : For the purposes of the IS0

interference : The negative difference between the sizes

4.7.4 tolerance class: The term used for a combination of

: For the purposes of

clearance : The positive difference between the sizes of

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

4.10.1 clearance fit: A fit that always provides a clearance

fit : A fit which everywhere provides an

fit: The relationship resulting from the difference,

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

4.11.2 hole-basis system of fits: A system of fits in which

NOTE - The variation of a fit is an absolute value without sign.

4.11.1 shaft-basis system of fits: A system of fits in which

Basic size (4.3.1)

lines represent the fundamental

(upper) limit of size for an external

the minimum (lower) limit of size for an internal feature

Previously called GO limit.

lines represent the fundamental