PARKING AREAS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF SAN CARLOS TALAMBAN CAMPUS

_________________________
A Research Paper
Presented to the
Faculty of the Department of
University of San Carlos
Cebu City, Philippines
_________________________
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Geographic Information System
_________________________
by
Members
Braanola, Glicerio
Ceballos, Joshua
Erana, Rey Laurence
Quirante, Janleven
Vicentillo, Cielo
March 2016

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The researchers in this study would like to thank the following people for making
this study possible:
We are grateful to Archt. Marvin Gaerlan from the Properties Office for
being ever so eager to provide us with the needed information for this study.
We are very grateful to Mr. Allan Quirante and Mrs. Zosima Quirante for
lending us the materials needed to accomplish this study.
And most importantly, we thank our Lord God, our Creator for guiding us
throughout this whole research, giving us the will and perseverance to
accomplish this project and keeping us safe always.
We thank all of them most sincerely.

Abstract
This project study documented the location and the attributes of the existing
parking areas in the USC Talamban Campus, with the use of a GIS program. The
parking areas were classified according to (1) allotment of who could park, and
(2) orientation of the parking slots. To supplement the study, the average daily
occupancy rate of each parking area was also determined. This was calculated by
dividing the number of parked cars at a certain time, by the theoretical capacity of
the parking area. The researchers have concluded that the University provides
sufficient parking areas for all self-driven students, faculty, and visitors.

CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE
1.1 Rationale
Regardless of the career, status, preference, or lifestyle of a person,
transportation from one place to another is an inevitable part of ones life. Through
the course of time, transportation has evolved as much as man can imagine. And
because of the need to survive, transportation, in every aspect, is essential to a
society that relies on innovation.
Nicholas Garber states that any vehicle traveling on a highway will at one
time or another be parked for either a relatively short time or a much longer time,
depending on the reason for parking. The provision of parking facilities is therefore
and essential element of the highway mode of transportation (Garber, p.139). In
addition, according to the Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning, parking
provision is one of the things that must be taken into account when planning for
a livable community due to its influence on the character, form, function, and flow
of our communities. This statement is not only applicable for residential and
commercial areas, but for industrial and institutional areas as well.
The University of San Carlos, Talamban is one of the most esteemed
universities in the province of Cebu that caters thousands of students, and
hundreds of personnel yearly. In a massive university, with more than fourteen
distant buildings, transportation is a significant factor that affects the universitys
environment. Most students and educators resort to bring personal cars. This said,
adequate parking provision is called for.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Because of the increase of students in the university, there had been a
decrease in the availability of parking slots. Consequently, the University continues
to provide more parking spaces. Given that there are several parking areas in
different locations serving several types of drivers, it is important that each
student/visitor/faulty is well informed of its location and designation.
The purpose of conducting this study was to document the parking areas
in the University and classify them accordingly. Furthermore, the following
questions were formulated:
1. Where are the parking lots in the University located?
2. Which parking areas are allotted for
2.1. Students
2.2. Faculty
2.3. Visitors
3. Which parking areas are characterized as
3.1. Parallel parking
3.2. Perpendicular parking
3.3. Diagonal parking
4. What is the occupancy of each area with respect to time and its
corresponding
4.1. Capacity
4.2. Demand

1.3 Objective of the Study

This study is focused on classifying the parking areas within the University
of San Carlos. Hence, the following objectives are to be met:
(a) Document the parking areas in the University of San Carlos, and classify
them according to student use, faculty use, or visitor use;

(b) Indicate the boundaries per parking slot to categorize whether it is parallel
or perpendicular parking;
(c) And lastly, to supplement this study, the researchers aim to determine the
occupancy of each of these parking areas to determine which areas are
used the most.

1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study is on the interest of classifying parking areas, and is focusing on
car owners/drivers. Therefore, the population of enrolled students and employed
faculty are not considered, as well as their corresponding ratio. Drop and pick up
vehicles are also not part of this studys scope. Turn-over and duration of parking
is also beyond the scope of this study.

1.5 Significance of the Study

The result of the study would benefit the population inside USC-TC, specifically
the following:
To the private vehicle owners of USC-TC: the students, the teaching and nonteaching staff, visitors, and the administration, which by having a clear knowledge
of the parking provisions and regulations within the University, they may be
accommodated better in terms of transportation.
To the Civil Engineering students, they may use these data and methodology as a
basis for further improvements and changes.
To the administration, that this study may serve as a reference for future schemes
that would involve traffic systems and land use.

CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Given the purpose and the objectives of this study, it is essential to reinforce it
with the relevant studies that revolve around the concepts of traffic management
and parking provisions. It is necessary to broaden the network of ideas needed for
this study, but at the same time, magnify the most relevant information. This is
for the benefit of the researchers and the readers, in order for both parties to fully
grasp the totality of the study.

2.1 Geographic Information System

According to the Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA), geographic
information system (GIS) is a tool that can be used to explain events, plan
strategies, integrate information, and visualize scenarios. Because it is a system,
GIS is composed of hardware, real world data, and trained personnel.

2.2 Components of a Map

The most basic components of a map would include the title, orientation,
date of creation, author, legends, and scale. The title presents what the map is
generally about. The orientation is important because it tell which way is north,
and the rest of the other directions. The date indicates when the map was made.
This is important since it shows when the map was updated, thus indicating the
relevance of data. Legends show what the symbols, colors, and other features of
the map mean. The scale is important since it explains the relationship of the data
frame extent to the real world. (Caitlin Dempsey, 2011)

2.3 Importance of Parking Management

In the article entitled The Importance of Parking in Planning for Livable
Communities from Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning, a universal scenario
was raised: The perception of a parking shortage results when drivers have
difficulty finding an open parking space. Drivers become frustrated and waste time
and fuel searching for a spot. There may be an empty parking lot two blocks away,
but without proper management of the more desirable spaces and wayfinding
signage for the lot, it sits vacant while people complain about the shortage of
parking in the downtown area.
In accordance to the Transportation Demand Management, produced by
the Victoria Transport Policy Institute, parking problems are often defined to mean
that motorists consider parking inadequate, inconvenient or expensive.

2.4 Standard requirements for Parking Slots

National Building Code of the Philippines
Rule XIX: Parking and Loading Space Requirements. Parking space rating listed
below are minimum off-street requirements for Colleges and Universities shall be
observed:
a) The size of an average automobile parking slot shall be computed at 2.40
meters by 5.00 meters for perpendicular or diagonal parking, at 2.00 meters
by 6.00 meters for parallel parking. A truck or bus parking/loading slot shall
be computed at a minimum of 3.60 meters by 12.00 meters. The parking
slot shall be drawn to scale and the total numbers of which shall be
indicated

on

the

plans

and

specified

whether

or

not

parking

accommodations, are attendant-managed.

b) The Building Code also requires Colleges and Universities to provide 1
parking slot per 5 classrooms.

Special Provisions
For building/structures intended of the use or occupancy of the handicapped, the
following minimum provisions shall be observed:
a) Accessible parking slot for the handicapped per 50 parking lots up to 150
slot and an additional slot for every 100 slots thereafter.
b) Wheel chair transfer area
i.

One between every two spaces.

ii.

Directly connects to accessible walks for travel and accessible

building entrances
Maximum distance of accessible parking area from facility
served. Parking areas for the physically handicapped shall be within
60 meters of the facility being served. This shall be measured from
the farthest space along accessible path to the closest accessible
entrance
All accessible parking spaces for the handicapped shall have the
international symbol of access. All signs are to be in white graphics
on a dark blue background.
Size for exterior shall be 30 cm by 30 cm or 60 cm by 60 cm.w
lettering for brief facility identification for the partially sighted shall
be a minimum of 5 cm.

2.5 Conducting a Parking Study

Based on the methods set by the Metropolitan Area Planning Council, the following
steps can be used to determine the occupancy of a parking area:
a. Step 1: Inventory existing parking. Number the blocks. Number the block
faces and all the individual parking areas (public and private) within a block.
Put this information on a good map before you start counting spaces and
vehicles parked. For all private parking you should also find out who owners
9

the property, or at least the entity that is currently leasing the spaces for
use. Count the number of spaces, on-street and off, for each of the
numbered parking areas. If spaces aren't marked, take the maximum
number of vehicles you found parked, and estimate how many additional
vehicles could be parked without blocking other vehicles, fire lanes, trash
receptacles, etc. You can use the chart below to estimate on-street parking
(do not count driveways in the measured distance). As you are counting,
note any restrictions on the use of these spaces.
i. Are they private parking spaces, restricted to employees and
customers (who)? Handicapped plates only? Loading zones or trucks
only?
ii. Are there limitations on how long or what hours of the day the spaces
may be used?
iii. Where a fee is charged, what are the rates?
b. Step 2: Count the number of parked vehicles. This can be a simple count of
the number of vehicles parked in each of the numbered parking areas. You
should survey at least 3 or 4 different time periods during the day, including
all times with peak demand. You may also need to count on Saturday or
Sunday, depending of the weekend demand.Besides counting the numbers
of cars parked legally, double parked vehicles, or those blocking other
vehicles in lots should also be indicated, and any large trucks blocking more
than one space should be recorded. Make sure you count the number of
bicycles parked as well, even if they are not attached to a piece of bike
parking equipment.
c. Step 3: Analyzing the result. Counting cars parked allows you to calculated
occupancy, the measure of how many of the available spaces are occupied.
Vehicles parked divided by the number of spaces is occupancy. Occupancies
of 85-90% are usually considered full, since someone looking for a space
will not find an empty one easily and may need to circle as few times before
one becomes available. Occupancies of 85-90% or just below are ideal 10

the demand is being met without waste. Occupancies above 100% are
possible, when vehicles park in the aisles, or block other vehicles.
Occupancies should be calculated separately for every parking area you
identified, and for each time period you counted. High occupancies in one
area combined with lower occupancies nearby indicate a parking
management problem - you need to figure out how to get some of the
excess demand to use the nearby available supply (lack of knowledge of

nearby spaces or restrictions on who can park there are two examples why
demand and supply don't match up.

2.6 Previous studies done regarding the traffic system at USC

In 2007, a thesis work entitled An Evaluation Study of the Present Traffic
Management Scheme inside the in the University of San Carlos, Talamban by Jesse
Lim and Keith Piero was published. During their study, college courses that were
previously situated in the USC Downtown campus have been recently transferred
in the Talamban campus. These colleges were, but not limited to the College
Nursing, and the College of Arts and Sciences. In their research, they have
concluded that the parking spaces were sufficient to accommodate the growing
population of the university. They have also concluded that the peak hours were
7:30-8:30 AM, 11:30-12:30 noon, and 4:30-5:30 PM for MWF; while 7:30-9:00 AM
and 4:30-6:00 PM for TTH. In their study, they have also concluded that there
were no vehicular accidents, and was not congested. Furthermore, in 2007, most
students preferred to walk from one building to another.
In 2013, another project study was published entitled An Evaluation of the
Present Traffic Management Scheme Inside University of San Carlos Talamban
Campus, by Joseph Acebedo and Julius Villanueva. In their study, they have
concluded that the total population of the students have generally decreased
compared to the study done in 2007, while the population of the employees
increased. The parking space for both students and employees have been
11

adequate, except for the School of Health Care Professions which did not pass
from the OBO requirement.
Upon further review and research on the topic, the objectives of this study
will be met. Equipped with the essential information that is relevant and significant
to the concepts that comprise this study, the researchers will be able to assess the
needs of the students, and recommend academic suggestions for the benefit of
the entire institution.

12

CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Environment
The researchers are documenting the parking areas of the University San
Carlos, Nasipit, Talamban, Cebu City. Specifically, the researchers are focusing on
the Academic Zone, since this is the area that is most accessed by students and
faculty. The Academic Zone of the University of San Carlos is composed of more
than five major buildings, excluding laboratories and other offices. Each of these
buildings have at least one parking area next to it.

3.2 Research Participants

The student and faculty drivers of parked vehicles were the main participant
of the study. It is by studying their movement for two days that most of the data
from this study were acquired from.
The Properties Office of the University was also part of the respondents of
the study, since some data we procured from their office. This office is in charge
of regulating parking provisions and issuance of car passes.

3.3 Research Instruments

To obtain preliminary data from the field, the following instruments were used:
1. Timers
2. Data sheet
3. Engineering survey equipment (e.g. measuring tape, measuring wheel,
etc.)
For ease in siting the areas, the following data were requested from the Properties
Office:
1. Topographic Map of USC-TC
2. Proposed signage to be installed in the University
13

To process the raw data, they were further studied in the following programs:
1. ARCMAP programed for geographic information system
2. AutoCAD programed for computer aided design

3.4 Research Procedures

In preparation for the study, the present topographic map with complete
details of the campus was first studied to plot the locations of the parking areas.
The allotment for parking lots, whether they were for students/faculty/visitor
drivers was predetermined using the signage proposal of the Properties Office.
Next, each parking area was surveyed to obtain its exact dimensions. Also,
the allotment was noted to verify the initial assumption. ARCGIS was the main tool
to process the data of this study. The verified map was laid out in this program,
including its features (i.e. parking allotment and orientation). In addition, with the
use of this program, the borders of each slot were plotted and designed in
compliance with the National Building Code of the Philippines. This determined the
theoretical number of parking slots per area, and such value was referred to as
the capacity of an area. This is treated as the supply of parking space.
Furthermore, the demand for parking space was determined by counting
the cars in an interval of 2 hours from 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM. Given the supply and
demand, the occupancy was determined by dividing the capacity by the demand.
In other words, occupancy of a certain area at a given time is derived by:
=

Analysis and conclusion were drawn from the findings of this study.

14

CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
4.1 Zoning within the University
To provide familiarity and ease in citation of areas, the researchers have
created a map which divides the entire Academic Zone of the University of San
Carlos into three areas: Zone A, comprised of the buildings around the School of
Engineering; Zone B, comprised of the buildings around the School of Arts and
Sciences; and Zone C, comprised of the buildings around the School of
Architecture, Fine Arts, and Design. For better illustration of which buildings belong
to a certain zone, the map is presented as follows.

15

FIGURE 1
MAP OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SAN CARLOS TALAMBAN

16

The following tables present the buildings and the parking areas that belong
to a certain zone.
TABLE 1.1
BUILDINGS AND PARKING AREAS BELONGING TO ZONE A
Refer to the right most side of Figure 1
BUILDINGS
o Laurence Bunzel (LB) building

PARKING AREAS
o Area 1

o Bunzel Canteen

o Area 2

o Maintenance and Calibration Workshop (MCW)

o Area 3

o Registrars Office

o Area 4

o Machine shop

o Area 5

o USC Portal

o Area 6

o USC Covered Court (BCT)

o Area 7

o Civil Engineering building

o Chemical Engineering building
o Water Resources Center (WRC)
o USC- Pharmacy
o Unit Operations Laboratory 1
o Civil Engineering Building Laboratory
o USC- Office of Population Studies (W.Flieger)
building

17

TABLE 1.2
BUILDINGS AND PARKING AREAS BELONGING TO ZONE B
Refer to the upper left side of Figure 1
BUILDINGS

PARKING AREAS

o Science and Mathematics Education Department

o Area 8

o USC Dormitory Canteen

o Area 9

o USC Dormitory buildings

o Area 10

o School

of

Arts

and

Sciences-

Science

and o Area 11

Mathematics Education Department Canteen

o Area 12

o School of Arts and Sciences (SAS) building

o Robert Hoeppner (RH) building
TABLE 1.3
BUILDINGS AND PARKING AREAS BELONGING TO ZONE C
Refer to the lower left side of Figure 1
BUILDINGS

PARKING

o Learning Resources Center (LRC) building

o Area 13

o Michael Richartz (MR)building

o Area 14

o School of Architecture, Fine Arts, and Design o Area 15

(SAFAD) building

o Area 16

o USC-Chapel

o Area 17
o Area 18

18

4.2 Occupancy of a Parking Area

The occupancy is the ratio of demand against supply. The demand is the
number of cars parked at a certain time, while the supply is the capacity of the
parking lot. A sample computation follows:

4.2.1 Determination of the Capacity

The capacity is determined by laying out the area in the Program, then
adding standard parking slots. The dimensions of these slots are in
accordance to the National Building Code of the Philippines.
FIGURE 2
ADDING BORDER LINES TO THE AREA

Figure 2 shows a sample of the net length L in meters which is divided by

2.5 m. This method also takes drive-ways into account.

19

4.2.2 Determination of the Demand

TABLE 2.1
NUMBER OF CARS PARKED AT AREA 1 ON WEDNESDAY
TIME

NUMBER OF PARKED CARS

8:00 AM

40

10:00 AM

61

12:00 NN

105

2:00 PM

102

4:00 PM

90

6:00 PM

64

Table 2.1 presents the number of cars parked in Area 1 (Soccer Field) at
different times of the day.

4.2.2 Computation for the Occupancy

TABLE 2.2
Number of cars parked at Area 1 on Wednesday
TIME

CAPACITY

NUMBER OF
PARKED CARS

OCCUPANCY

8:00 AM

94

40

43%

10:00 AM

94

61

65%

12:00 NN

94

105

112%

2:00 PM

94

102

109%

4:00 PM

94

90

96%

6:00 PM

94

64

68%

Table 2.2 shows the occupancy computed from the capacity and the
number of cars.

20

4.3 Classifications of Park Areas in the University

The parking areas in the University are classified according to allotment and
orientation.

4.3.1 Zone A: Parking Areas in the Engineering Vicinity

The following figure presents the area covered by Zone A. This zone is
mostly composed of buildings used by engineering students and personnel
(i.e. laboratories, workshops, and engineering offices)

21

FIGURE 2.1
ZONE A AROUND THE ENGINEERING VICINITY

Calibration

22

TABLE 3.1
PARKING AREAS BELONGING TO ZONE A AROUND THE ENGINEERING VICINITY
CLASSIFICATION
DESIGNATION

Area 1
Area 2
Area 3
Area 4
Area 5
Area 6
Area 7

LOCATION

Around the Soccer Field

AVERAGE
DAILY

ALLOTMENT

ORIENTATION

CAPACITY

Students parking

Perpendicular

94 slots

79%

Perpendicular

27 slots

106%

Perpendicular

27 slots

70%

Perpendicular

8 slots

88%

Parallel

16 slots

102%

Parallel

26 slots

71%

Perpendicular

16 slots

98%

In front and beside the covered

Students parking
basketball court (BCT)
In front of the Engineering
Personnel parking
canteen
Between the back lobby of the
Personnel and
LB building and Unit Operations
students parking
Laboratory 1
In front of Civil Engineering
Personnel parking
Department
Between the Soccer Field and the
Personnel and
USC Portal
students parking
Along the USC Portal

THEORETICAL

Visitors parking

OCCUPANCY

Table 3.1 presents the location, classification, and capacity, and the average occupancy of Zone A. The areas experiencing
an average occupancy that exceeds 100% indicates that there is an over-spill in that area. Since 85% of occupancy is
already considered full (Metropolitan Area Planning Council), parking areas in Zone A are therefore highly used.
23

4.3.2 Zone B: Parking Areas in the Arts and Sciences Vicinity

FIGURE 2.2
ZONE B AROUND SMED AND RH VICINITY

P-Area 9

24

TABLE 3.2
PARKING AREAS BELONGING TO ZONE B
AVERAGE

CLASSIFICATION
DESIGNATION

Area 8
Area 9
Area 10

LOCATION

ALLOTMENT

Between the SMED building

Personnel and

and the USC Dormitory

students parking

USC Dormitory area

Personnel parking

Between the SMED building

and CAS building

Area 11

In front of the SAS building

Area 12

In front of the RH building

Students parking
Personnel and
students parking
Personnel and
students parking

ORIENTATION

Perpendicular

CAPACITY

DAILY
OCCUPANCY

45 slots

62%

12 slots

44%

Parallel

13 slots

39%

Perpendicular

27 slots

83%

Diagonal

20 slots

73%

Parallel and
perpendicular

Table 3.2 presents the attributes in Zone B. This zone has parking areas that varies according to orientation, and which
are also mostly shared by students and faculty. The occupation in this zone ranges from 39-83%. This means Zone B does
not experience any spill-over, nor it is considered full. Given this occupancy, a driver can immediately park in this zone
without delay.
25

4.3.3 Zone C: Parking Areas in the Fine Arts Vicinity

FIGURE 2.3
ZONE C AROUND THE LRC AND SAFAD VICINITY

26

TABLE 3.3
PARKING AREAS BELONGING TO ZONE C
CLASSIFICATION

AVERAGE
DAILY
OCCUPANCY

ALLOTMENT

ORIENTATION

THEORETICAL
CAPACITY

LRC building

Personnel and
students parking

Perpendicular

64 slots

25%

Area 14

New parking area

between LRC building
and MR building

Students parking

Parallel and
perpendicular

12 slots

28%

Area 15

Between MR building and

SAFAD building

Personnel and
students parking

Parallel and
perpendicular

28 slots

100%

Area 16

SAFAD building

Personnel parking

Perpendicular

17 slots

82%

Area 17

Behind the Arnold

Janssen Chapel

Personnel and
students parking

Parallel and
perpendicular

30 slots

88%

Area 18

New parking area near

the Arnold Janssen
Chapel

Personnel and
students parking

Perpendicular

88 slots

20%

DESIGNATION

LOCATION

Area 13

Table 3.3 presents the attributes in Zone C. In this zone, some parking areas less than 28% occupancy, while other areas
have over 82%. This indicated mismanaged parking areas in this zone since other areas are not utilized well, while other
areas nearly experiences an over spill.
27

CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
It was the purpose of this study to document the parking areas in the
University and classify them according to allotment and orientation. The primary
tool used for this study was QGIS a program designed to process geographic
information. This study was enhanced with additional information regarding the
occupancy of each parking area at different times of the day.
In answer to the sub-problems on (1) the location of parking areas in the
University; (2) the classifications of this parking area according to allotment and
orientation; and (3) the occupancy of these parking areas, the findings were:
Location of Parking Areas. Since the buildings in the Academic Zone of the
University were situated in a way where courses are grouped together according
the field of interest, the researchers divided the campus into three zones: Zone A
(Engineering courses); Zone B (Arts and Sciences courses); and Zone C (Fine Arts
and Design courses). Zone A on has seven parking areas around its vicinity, Zone
B has five parking areas, while Zone C has six. The layout of this zoning may be
referred from Figure 1.
...
Classification of Parking Areas according to Allotment. In the University of
San Carlos, Talamban Campus, there is a total of 146 slots for self-driven students
only, 72 slots for self-driven faculty/personnel only, 336 slots shared by students
and personnel, and 16 slots for visitors.
...
Classification of Parking Areas according to Orientation. Out of 18 parking
areas within the campus, 1 of which is diagonal parking, 3 of which are parallel
28

parking, 10 of which are perpendicular parking, while the rest of the 4 areas are
a combination of parallel and perpendicular parking.

Occupancy of Parking Areas. In a typical school day, Zone A usually ranges

from 70-106% of occupancy rate. In other words it is constantly full, and even
exceeds its capacity. Zone B usually has an occupancy of 39-83%. For Zone C
however, some parking areas have an occupancy of 20-28%, while other areas
within the zone ranges from 82-100%.

5.2 CONCLUSIONS
By conducting this research study on the parking lots in the University, the
researchers have acquired an updated information regarding its characteristics.
These are the conclusions formulated based on the findings of the research:
1. Programs that can process and manipulate geographic information is
essential in conducting a research that is intended for the benefit of the
mass. It allows them to better visualize the data presented. With factual
data, and optimization of program features, society can be better informed,
leading to better decisions.
2. Each zone has ample parking areas which may accommodate any occupant
from any building within that zone. In other words, since correlated
buildings are situated close with each other, students/faculty/visitors have
many options regarding to where to park.
3. There is a fair balance between the number of parking areas allotted for
students only, and areas allotted for faculty only. Most parking areas are
allotted to be shared by students and personnel.
4. Since most parking spaces dont have a boundary line to indicate the
borders of a parking slot, most cars tend to park close to each other, thus
resulting to an over-crowded parking area. This may even lead to
irresponsible parking. The utilization of parking space can be maximized by

29

designing a good orientation of parking slots that takes drive-ways and

proper spacing into account.
5. Parking space provision is generally adequate for the whole University, but
they are mismanaged and not utilized well. A good case in point is the
situation in Zone C where a parking area has an occupancy of 20%, while
other parking areas in that zone have over 82% occupancy rate. Generally,
Zone A has the highest range of occupancy and most likely experiences
over-spill. Zone B and C do not normally exceed its capacity.

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the findings and conclusions, the recommendations of this study are:
6. The installation of road signs that will lead to other parking areas in a zone.
This will encourage the drivers to fill in other areas instead of being
clustered in one, thus distributing the occupancy. This may also reduce the
time wasted by drivers in finding parking areas.
7. The installation of parking slot boundaries to trace the exact position and
borders that is intended for a single vehicle. This will prevent drivers from
parking their car irresponsibly causing them to occupy more than enough
space. This may also reduce unpermitted parking incidences in the campus.
8. The addition of more attributes in a particular area. Other attributes like
duration of parking and turn-over can improve this study. Determining the
ratio of students and faculty could enable future researchers to determine
whether the allotments are appropriate.
9. Further study on the prediction of demand for parking space. Since the
University continues to expand its premises and add more buildings,
consequently, an increase in population is foreseen, thus increase in
demand for parking space.
10. Familiarization and optimization of the features that QGIS can offer. Further
practice can lead to better presentations. It is also recommended to not
30

limit the research to one program, but to also explore other programs that
process geographic information. This way, results and outputs may be
compared and verified afterwards.
REFERENCES:
Garber N, Hoel H. 2002. Traffic and Highway Engineering. 511 Forest Lodge Road
Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. 139p.
Joseph A, Julius V. 2013. An Evaluation of the Present Traffic Management Scheme
Inside University of San Carlos Talamban Campus. Department of Civil
Engineering University of San Carlos.
Jesse L, Keith P. 2007. An Evaluation of the Present Traffic Management Scheme
inside University of San Carlos, Talamban. Department of Civil Engineering
Univercity of San Carlos.
Kaplan DH, Clapper T. 2007. U.S Department of Transportation, Bureau of
Transportation Statistics 2002. 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington,
DC 20590. 2p.
Troy P & Neutze M. 1969. Urban road planning in theory and practice. Journal

of Transport Economics and Policy, pp.139-151.

U.S Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. 1996.
Detection Technology for IVHS. 6300 Georgetown Pike McLean, Virginia.
2-2 - 2-14p.

31

APENDIX A
DOCUMENTATION

The researchers measuring the road dimensions at the new parking lot adjacent
to LRC Bldg. (Day 1)

32

CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Data
Name

: Braanola, Glicerio

Address

: Blk 2 Lot 68, Deca Homes, Cubacub, Mandaue City

Contact nos.

: +63 932 674 3387

Educational Background
High School

: Saint Louis College Cebu

Sudlon Maguikay, Mandaue City, Cebu

College

: University of San Carlos Talamban Campus

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering 4

Involvement in Team Research

o GIS Program user
o Data organizer
o Encoder
o Map maker
o Number of paragrahps written - 9
o Spot Checker

33

CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Data
Name

: Ceballos, Joshua

Address

: Blk 1 Lot 22, Phase 3D Upper Camella Homes,

Lawaan
Talisay City Cebu
Contact nos.

: ceballosjoshua@gmail.com

Educational Background
High School

: University of San Carlos South Campus

College

: University of San Carlos Talamban Campus

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering 4

Involvement in Team Research

o GIS Program user
o Data analyst
o Data interpreter
o Encoder
o Paragraphs written - 11
o Parking areas vehicle Checker

34

CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Data
Name

: Erana, Rey Laurence

Address

: Blk7 Lot5 Countryside Homes Liloan, Cebu

Contact nos.

: +63 942 347 8340

rnzerana@yahoo.com.ph

Educational Background
High School

: Colegio dela Inmaculada Conception

Mandaue City, Cebu

College

: University of San Carlos Talamban Campus

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering 4

Involvement in Team Research

o GIS Program user
o Data interpreter
o Documentation
o Engineering surveyor
o Number of paragraphs written 7
o Parking areas vehicle Checker

35

CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Data
Name

: Quirante, Janleven

Address

: #8 Saint John St, Don Bosco Village, Punta Princesa,

Contact nos.

: +63 922 855 9967

Cebu
janlevenasd@gmail.com
Educational Background
High School

: Don Bosco Technology Center

Pleasant Homes, Punta Princesa, Cebu City

College

: University of San Carlos Talamban Campus

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering 4

Involvement in Team Research

o GIS Program user
o Encoder
o Engineering surveyor
o Data Gatherer
o Data Analyst
o Map maker
o Number of paragraphs written 9
o Parking areas vehicle Checker

36

CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Data
Name

: Vicentillo, Cielo

Address

: 312 Mahogany St, Springwoods Country Homes,

Minglanilla
Contact nos.

: +63 943 226 0294

Educational Background
High School

: Saint Theresas College

Juana Osmea Street, Cebu City, 6000

College

: University of San Carlos Talamban Campus

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering 4

Involvement in Team Research

o GIS Program user
o Encoder
o Engineering surveyor
o Number of paragraphs written 10
o Parking areas vehicle Checker
o Over-all encoder
o Over-all editor
o Proof reader

37