GLOBAL WARMING

DEFINITION
Global warming is the increase in atmospheric temperature, sea and land. Increasing
global temperatures are expected to cause other changes such as rising sea levels, increased
intensity of extreme weather, and many more.

NEWS
There is great debate among many people, and sometimes in the news, on whether
global warming is real (some call it hoax). But climate scientist looking at the data and facts
agree the planet is warming. Scientist from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate carrying out
global warming research have recently predicted that average global temperatures could
increase between 1.4 and 5.8 o C by the year 2100.

FACTORS
There are so many factors can cause global warming:

a. Greenhouse Effect
Global warming begins with the greenhouse effect, which is caused by the interaction
between Earths atmosphere and incoming radiation from the sun. According to,
IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change) Greenhouse gases effectively absorb
thermal infra-red radiation, emitted by the Earths surface, by the atmosphere itself due to the
same gases, and by clouds. Atmospheric radiation is emitted to all sides. Thus, greenhouse
gases trap heat within the surface-troposphere system.

b. Methane emissions from animals, agriculture such as rice paddies, and from
arctic seabed.
Methane is another extremely potent greenhouse gas, ranking right behind CO2.
When organic matter is broken down by bacteria under oxygen-starved conditions (anaerobic
decomposition) as in rice paddies, methane is produced. The process also takes place in the
intestines of herbivorous animals, and with the increase in the amount of concentrated
livestock production, the levels of methane released into the atmosphere is increasing. A
compound containing large amounts of methane trapped in the crystal structure of ice.
As methane escapes from the Arctic seabed, the rate of global warming will increase
significantly.

c. Increase in usage of chemical fertilizers on croplands

In the last half of the 20th century, the use of chemical fertilizers (as opposed to the
historical use of animal manure) has risen dramatically. The high rate of application of
nitrogen-rich fertilizers has effects on the heat storage of cropland (nitrogen oxides have 300
times more heat-trapping capacity per unit of volume than carbon dioxide) and the run-off of
excess fertilizers creates dead-zones in our oceans. In addition to these effects, high nitrate
levels in groundwater due to over-fertilization are cause for concern for human health.

EFFECTS
Global warming could be a particularly serious impact on our lives, here are some of
the effects caused by global warming:
- Rise in sea levels worldwide

Scientists predict an increase in sea levels

worldwide due to the melting of two massive ice
sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, especially on
the East coast of the U.S. However, many nations
around the world will experience the effects
of rising sea levels, which could drown millions
of people.
- Disappearance of coral reefs
A report on coral reefs from WWF says that in a
worst case scenario, coral populations will collapse by
2100 due to increased temperatures and ocean
acidification and its effects. The bleaching of corals from
small but prolonged rises in sea temperature is a severe
danger for ocean ecosystems, and many other species in
the oceans rely on coral reefs for their survival.

HOW TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING EFFECTS

- Replace Regular Incandescent Light bulb: Replace regular incandescent light bulb with
compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs. They consume 70% less energy than ordinary bulbs
and have longer lifetime.
- Reduce, Reuse and Recycle : Reduce your need to buy new products or use less,
resulting in a smaller amount of waste. Even if you need to buy, consider buying eco-friendly
products. It is most effective of the three Rs. It simply says cut back from where are you
now.
- Reducing Hot Water Usage: It takes a lot of energy to heat water. You can reduce hot

water usage by installing a low flow showerhead( 350 pounds of carbon dioxide saved per
year ). Use cold or warm water instead of hot water to wash your clothes.

CONCLUSION
Very hard efforts are needed to tackle global warming, because it is almost impossible to
solve this problem. But we can reduce the effect by increasing our awareness of life on
earth in the future. If we increase our concern for the earth then global warming is just a
dark history that ever happened to our earth .

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