ThyssenKrupp Steel description

MaterialsEurope Austenitic

Short name Material no. 
stainless

X6CrNiTi18-10 1.4541 steel

TK1.4541

Scope


This
data
sheet
applies
for
hot-
and
cold-rolled
sheet
and
strip,
semi-finished
products,
bars,
wire
rod

and
profiles,
as
well
as
for
seamless
and
welded
tubes/pipes
for
pressurized
applications.







Application


Equipment
and
components
in
the
food
industry;
luxury
goods,
film
and
photo
industries
as
well
as
for

household
items;
power
plant
construction.




The
Ti
content
ensures
resistance
to
intergranularcorrosion
even
in
the
welded
condition.






Chemical composition (ladle analysis in %)

Product C Si Mn P S N Cr Ni Ti
type
C,H,P ≤ 0.08 ≤ 1.00 ≤ ≤ ≤ - 17.00 9.00 – 5xC to
2.00 0.045 0.0151) – 12.00 0.70
19.00
L ≤ 0.08 ≤ 1.00 ≤ ≤ ≤ - 17.00 9.00 – 5xC to
2.00 0.045 0.0301) – 12.002) 0.70
19.00
TW ≤ 0.08 ≤ 1.00 ≤ ≤ ≤ - 17.00 9.00 – 5xC to
2.00 0.0453) 0.0153) – 12.00 0.70
19.00
TS ≤ 0.08 ≤ 1.00 ≤ ≤ ≤ - 17.00 9.00 – 5xC to
2.00 0.040 0.0151) – 12.002) 0.70
19.00

Page 1 Material data sheet: TK 1.4541 01/2007

C = cold-rolled strip; H = hot-rolled strip, P = hot-rolled sheet; L = semi-finished products,
bars, wire rod and profiles;


TW
=
welded
tubes/pipes;
TS
=
seamless
tubes/pipes






1)
A
regulated
sulfur
content
of
0.015
–
0.030%
can
be
agreed
for
products
to
be
processed



2)
If
it
is
necessary
to
minimize
the
deltaferrite
content,
the
maximum
nickel
content
may
be

increased
by
1%



3)
For
tubes/pipes
welded
without
filler
materials,
P
+
S
max.
0.040%






Mechanical properties at room temperature (in the solution annealed condition)

Product type Thick- 0.2% 1% Tensile Elongation Notch impact

ness strength energy
mmmax (ISO-V)
Offset Room
strength temperature
Rp0.2 Rp1.0 Rm A 1) A 1) ≥ 10 mm
thickness
N/mm²min. N/mm² %min %min Jmin Jmin
(longi- (trans-
(longi- (trans-
tudinal) verse)
tudinal) verse)
C 6 2203) 2503) 520 – 7203) - 40 - -
H 12 2003) 2403) 520 – 7203) - 40 90 60
P 75 2003) 2403) 500 – 7003) - 40 90 60
L 160 1904) 2254) 500 – 7004) 40 - 100 -
L 2502) 1907) 2257) 500 – 7007) - 30 - 60
TW 60 1805) 2155) 460 – 6805) 35 30 100 60
60 1805) 2155) 460 – 6805) 35 30 100 60
6)
TS 




1)

Gage
length
and
thickness
to
EN





2)

>
160
mm


3)

Transverse
specimen;
for
product
widths
<
300
mm
–
longitudinal
specimen

4)
Longitudinal
specimen

5)
Longitudinal
specimen,
outside
diameter
>
508
mm

6)
Hot
manufactured

7)
Transverse
specimen

Page 2 Material data sheet: TK 1.4541 01/2007






Physical properties

Density Modulus of elasticity in Thermal Specific heat Specific

at kN/mm² at conductivity at capacity at electrical
20 °C 20 °C 200 400 500 20 °C 20 °C resistivity at
kg/dm³ °C °C °C W/m K J/kg K 20 °C
Ω mm²/m
7.9 200 186 172 165 15 500 0.73






Average thermal expansion coefficient between 20 °C and
100 °C 200 °C 300 °C 400 °C 500 °C
16.0 x 10–6 K-1 16.5 x 10–6 K-1 17.0 x 10–6 K-1 17.5 x 10–6 K-1 18.0 x 10–6 K-1






Hot forming/heat treatment, microstructure

Hotforming HeattreatmentAT(solutionannealed),microstructure

Temperature °C Type of cooling Temperature °C Type of cooling Microstructure
1,150 to 850 Air 1,000 to 1,100 Water, air Austenite with
small amounts
of ferrite


Temperatures
for
solution
annealing
must
be
agreed
for
specimens
to
be
subjected
to
simulated
heat

treatment.




Solution
annealing
can
be
eliminated
where
the
conditions
for
hot
forming
and
subsequent
cooling
are

such
that
the
mechanical
properties
of
the
product
are
retained.




If
the
heat
treatment
is
performed
in
a
continuous
furnace,
the
upper
end
of
the
given
temperature

range
or
even
above
it
is
generally
preferred.




For
heat
treatment
within
the
framework
of
further
processing,
the
lower
end
of
the
temperature
range

given
for
solution
annealing
should
be
targeted
as
the
mechanical
properties
may
otherwise
be

impaired.
In
the
event
that
the
temperature
did
not
fall
below
the
lower
threshold
of
the
solution

annealing
temperature
range
during
hot
forming,
a
minimum
temperature
threshold
of
980
°C
is

sufficient
for
repeated
annealing.




Processing/welding
Page 3 Material data sheet: TK 1.4541 01/2007




The
standard
welding
processes
which
may
be
used
for
this
steel
grade
are:


TIG
welding





Manual
arc
welding
(E)


MAG
welding,
solid
wire



Submerged
arc
welding


Laser
beam
welding






Process Welding filler material
Same type Higher-alloy
TIG Thermanit H Si 1.4551 Thermanit A Si 1.4576
Thermanit HE Si 1.4551
MAG, solid wire Thermanit H Si 1.4551 Thermanit A Si 1.4576
Thermanit HE Si 1.4551
Manual arc (E) Thermanit H 1.4551 Thermanit A 1.4576
Thermanit HW 1.4551 Thermanit AW 1.4576
Thermanit HW 1.4551 Thermanit AW 1.4576
140 K 140 K
Thermanit HE 1.4551
Thermanit HEW 1.4551
Submerged arc Thermanit H 1.4551 Thermanit A 1.4576
Thermanit HE 1.4551
Laser beam welding See page 3




Corrosion
stress
must
be
taken
into
account
when
selecting
the
welding
filler
material.
The
cast

structure
of
the
weld
metal
may
necessitate
use
of
a
higher-alloy
filler.




Preheating
is
not
necessary
for
this
steel.
Heat
treatment
after
welding
is
not
customary.




Austenitic
steels
have
only
30%
of
the
thermal
conductivity
of
unalloyed
steels.
Their
melting
point
is

lower
than
that
of
unalloyed
steels,
so
austenitic
steels
must
be
welded
with
lower
heat
input
than

unalloyed
steels.
In
order
to
avoid
overheating
or
burn-through
of
thinner
sheet,
high
weld
speeds

must
be
used.
Copper
backing
is
expedient
for
quicker
heat
dissipation
although,
in
order
to
avoid

solder
embrittlement,
it
must
not
be
allowed
to
fuse
with
the
material.




This
steel
has
a
significantly
higher
thermal
expansion
coefficient
than
unalloyed
steel.
In
conjunction

with
the
poorer
thermal
conductivity,
greater
distortion
must
be
expected.




All
measures
which
counter
distortion
(e.g.
back-step
welding,
switching
sides
when
welding
double-V

welds,
use
of
two
welders
for
larger
components)
must
be
taken
into
particular
account
when
welding

Page 4 Material data sheet: TK 1.4541 01/2007


TK
1.4541.
For
product
thicknesses
over
12
mm,
a
double-V
weld
should
be
used
rather
than
a
V-
weld.
The
included
angle
should
be
60
–
70°,
although
approx.
50°
is
sufficient
for
MIG
welding.

Excessive
welds
should
be
avoided.
Tack
welds
should
be
made
relatively
close
together
(significantly

closer
than
for
unalloyed
steels)
to
prevent
severe
deformation,
shrinkage
or
weld
detachment.
The

tack
welds
should
subsequently
be
ground
or
at
least
the
crater
cracks
eliminated.




TK
1.4541
is
susceptible
to
hot
cracking
when
used
in
combination
with
austenitic
welding
material

and
excessive
heat
input.
The
susceptibility
to
hot
cracking
can
be
limited
by
using
a
welding
material

with
a
low
ferrite
content
(deltaferrite).
Ferrite
contents
up
to
10%
are
beneficial
and
do
not
usually

impair
corrosion
resistance.
The
weld
layers
must
be
as
thin
as
possible
(stringer
bead
technique),
as

high
cooling
speeds
reduce
susceptibility
to
hot
cracking.




When
welding
this
steel,
it
should
also
be
cooled
as
quickly
as
possible
to
avoid
susceptibility
to

embrittlement.




TK
1.4541
is
very
well-suited
for
laserbeamwelding
(level
A
suitability
for
welding
according
to
the

German
Association
for
Welding
and
Related
Processes
(DVS)
Guideline
3203,
part
3).
The
use
of
weld

filler
materials
is
unnecessary
where
the
welding
groove
is
less
than
0.3
mm
wide/the
product
is
less

than
0.1
mm
thick.
Filler
materials
of
the
same
type
can
be
used
for
larger
groove
widths.
If
oxidation

of
the
weld
surface
during
laser
beam
welding
is
prevented
through
the
use
of
a
suitable
trailing

shield,
e.g.
helium
as
a
shield
gas,
the
weld
is
as
corrosion
resistant
as
the
substrate.
There
is
no
risk

of
hot
cracking
in
the
weld
provided
the
process
is
properly
controlled.




TK
1.4541
is
also
well-suited
for
laserbeamfusioncutting
using
nitrogen
or
flame
cutting
using

oxygen.
The
cut
edges
have
only
very
small
heat-affected
zones
and
are
generally
free
of
micro-
cracks,
which
means
they
are
readily
formable.
Provided
the
process
is
properly
controlled,
the
fusion

cut
edges
on
TK
1.4541
are
suitable
for
immediate
further
processing
and
in
particular
can
be
welded

without
any
further
preparation.




Only
rust-resistant
equipment
such
as
steel
brushes,
chipping
hammers,
etc.
may
be
used
in

processing
to
ensure
that
the
passivation
is
not
compromised.




Please
refrain
from
marking
the
weld
area
with
marker
pens
containing
oils
or
temperature
indicating

chalk.




The
high
corrosion
resistance
of
this
stainless
steel
is
provided
by
the
formation
of
a
homogeneous,

dense
passivation
layer
on
the
surface.
Heat
tints,
scale,
slag
residues,
tramp
iron,
weld
spatter
and

similar
must
be
removed
so
they
do
not
damage
the
passivation
layer.




Page 5 Material data sheet: TK 1.4541 01/2007


Brushing,
grinding,
pickling
or
sand
blasting
(iron-free
quartz
sand
or
glass
beads)
processes
can
be

used
to
clean
the
surface.
Only
stainless
steel
brushes
may
be
used
in
brushing.
Immersion
and
spray

pickling
processes
should
be
used
when
pickling
previously
brushed
weld
areas,
although
pickling

pastes
or
solutions
are
often
used.
After
pickling,
the
surface
should
be
carefully
cleaned
with
water.






Remarks


The
material
may
be
slightly
magnetizable
in
the
quenched
condition.
Magnetizability
increases
with

greater
cold
forming.






Publishedby


THYSSENKRUPP
MATERIALS
INTERNATIONAL
GMBH


Technical
Sales/Quality
Management


Oberhausener
Str.
1


45476
Mülheim
a.
d.
Ruhr


Germany





References


EN
10088
:
1995-08


EN
10216
–
5


EN
10217
–
7




German
Association
for
Welding
and
Related
Processes
(DVS)
Guideline
3203,
part
3




Thyssen
Schweißtechnik
GmbH;
Welding
filler
materials
for
the
chemical
processing
equipment

industry;
September
1995




Informationsstelle
Edelstahl
Rostfrei;

Stainless
steel,
properties,
applications;
January
1994


(Stainless
steel
information
center)
Processing
stainless
steel;
January
1994




Thyssen
Lasertechnik
GmbH,
Aachen,
incl.
longitudinal
laser
beam
welding
of
stainless
steel
profiles.




Thyssen
Lasertechnik
GmbH,
Aachen,
incl.
laser
beam
fusion
cutting
of
stainless
steel.

Page 6 Material data sheet: TK 1.4541 01/2007

Importantnote


The
information
included
in
this
data
sheet
is
merely
indicative
and
should
not
be
viewed
as
a

guarantee
of
the
properties
or
applicability
of
the
materials
and
products.


The
advice
we
provide
is
based
on
our
own
and
the
manufacturer’s
experience.
We
accept
no

responsibility
for
the
results
of
product
processing
and
application.

Page 7 Material data sheet: TK 1.4541 01/2007