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Goals
Background
Fluid Moving Equipment
Fluids are moved through flow systems using pumps, fans,
blowers, and compressors. Such devices increase the
mechanical energy of the fluid. The additional energy can
be used to increase
Velocity (flow rate)
Pressure
Elevation
Background
Pump, fan, blower, and compressor are terms
that do not have precise meaning. Generally
pumps move liquids while fans, blowers and
compressors add energy to gasses.
Pumps and fans do not appreciably affect the
density of the fluids that they move and thus
incompressible flow theory is applicable.
Centrifugal Pumps
Most common type of pumping machinery. There are many
types, sizes, and designs from various manufacturers who
also publish operating characteristics of each pump in the
form of performance (pump) curves. The device pictured on
the cover page is a centrifugal pump.
Pump curves describe head delivered, pump efficiency, and
net positive suction head (NPSH) for a properly operating
specific model pump.
Centrifugal pumps are generally used where high flow rates
and moderate head increases are required.
Centrifugal Pumps
Impeller
Pump Head
What happens if the MEB is multiplied through by g (gc/g)?
2
W 1 V 2
p
L
V
gz
4 f Ki
g g
2
D
2
2
2
2
kg m
kg s m
^
W/g has units of length and is known as the pump head
NPSH
(Net Positive Suction Head)
gc
NPSH
g
Pa P vap
h fs Z a
hfs
Pa
Za
Pump Curves
Example
What pump horsepower is required to pump 150 GPM
of water at a total head of 225 ft using a Goulds Model
3196 operating at 3540 RPM ?
What is the required NPSH ?
What is the pump efficiency ?
System Response
2
3
1
Tank A
Tank B
System Response
Constant
Flow Response
Valve Closed
Valve Open
Constant
Head Response