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What is the muscle that controls the size of the scrotum depending in the environmental
temperature?
A Dartos muscle
B Abdominal muscle
C Cremaster muscle
D All of these are correct
Which of the following are the tubules that are contained in the testes and are the site of sperm
production?
A Uterine tubules
B Seminiferous tubules
C Spermatic tubules
D All of these are correct
Which of the following is NOT one of the erectile tissue columns in the penis?
A Corpus spongiosum
B Corpus callosum
C Corpus canervosa
D All of the above are correct
Which of the following causes the secretion of FSH and LH?
A Estrogen
B Progesterone
C GnRH
D Testosterone
Which of the following causes the secretion of testosterone by the testes?
A FSH
B LH
C GnRH
D Testosterone
Which of the following is the ligament that attaches the uterine tubes and ovaries to the uterus?
A Suspensory ligament
B Ovarian ligament
C Anterior cruciate ligament
D Broad ligament
Which of the following is the organ that produces the monthly secondary oocyte?
A Vagina
B Uterus
C Ovary
D Uterine tube
Which of the following is the inner simple columnar epithelium that is loss during menstruation?
A Perimetrium
B Myometrium
C Endometrium
D Cervometrium
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the phases of the menstrual cycle?
A Menstrual phase, proliferian phase and secretory phase
B Proliferian phase, secretory phase and menstrual phase
C Secretory phase, proliferian phase and menstrual phase
D Menstrual phase, secretory phase and proliferian phase

10 Which layer of connective tissue anchors the kidney to the abdominal wall?
A Renal fascia
B Adipose tissue layer
C Renal capsule
D All of the above are correct
11 Which of the following is the structure that is formed from the merger of the major calyces?
A Renal capsule
B Renal pelvis
C Ureter
D None of the above are correct
12 Which of the following connects to the renal pelvis?
A Renal capsule
B Renal calyx

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C Urethra
D None of these is correct
What is the name of the pores in the glomerular capillary?
A Filtration slit
B Gap junction
C Fenestrae
D None of the above is correct
What is the fluid that is formed in Bowmans capsule?
A Lymph
B Plasma
C Serous fluid
D Filtrate
Which of the following is the movement of water and solutes across the filtration membrane?
A Tubular reabsorption
B Tubular secretion
C Filtration
D All of the above are sources
Which of the following is responsible for the product of angiotensin II?
A Angiotensin I
B Angiotensinogen
C Angiotensin-converting enzyme
D Aldosterone
Which of the following is responsible for the secretion of aldosterone?
A Angiotensin I
B Angiotensin II
C Angiotensin-converting enzyme
D Renin
Which of the following is the removal of water and solutes from the filtrate back into the blood?
A Tubular reabsorption
B Tubular secretion
C Filtration
D Osmosis
Increased levels of ADH causes which of the following to occur?
A Water resorption increases and urine formation increases
B Water resorption increases and urine formation decreases
C Water resorption decreases and urine formation increases
D Water resorption decreases and urine formation decreases
Which of the following is NOT an accessory gland associated with digestive tract?
A Pancreas
B Salivary gland
C Larynx
D All of these are accessory glands associated with the digestive tract

21 Which of the following is NOT a tunica of the digestive tract?

A Submucosa
B Serosa or adventitia
C Mucosa
D All of the above are tunica of the digestive tract
22 Which of the following is the tunica od the digestive tract that has a muscular layer called the
muscularis mucosa?
A Muscularis
B Serosa or adventitia
C Mucosa
D Submucosa
23 Which of the following is NOT a type of tooth?
A Incisor
B Molar
C Canine
D All of these are types of teeth

24 Which of the following are the three parts of the tooth?

A Head, neck, root
B Crown, neck, root
C Head, body, root
D None of the above is correct
34 Which of the following is true of expiration during normal quiet breathing?
A Internal intercostal muscles contract
B External intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract
C There is no active muscle contraction and the external intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax
and lungs recoil
D None of the above
35 Which of the following is true of forced expiration during labored breathing?
A Internal intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles contract
B External intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract
C There is no active muscle contraction and the external intercostal muscles and diaphragm
relaxes and lungs recoil
D None of the above is correct
36 What is the amount of air that can be inhaled forcefully after a normal inspiration?
A Tidal volume
B Inspiratory reserve volume
C Expiratory reserve volume
D Residual volume
37 When carbon dioxide in the blood is increased, the respiratory rate and depth of breathing will do
which of the following?
A Increasing
B Decrease
C There is no effect
38 Which of the following diseases is characterized by inflammation of the bronchi and increased
mucus production?
A Pulmonary fibrosis
B Adult respiratory distress syndrome
C Emphysema
D Bronchitis
39 Which of the following diseases characterized by alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
A Pulmonary fibrosis
B Adult respiratory distress syndrome
C Emphysema
D Bronchitis
40 Which of the following describes the correct flow of lymph through a lymph node?
A Afferent lymphatic vessel, lymph node, efferent lymphatic vessel
B Efferent lymphatic vessel, lymph node, afferent lymphatic vessel
C Afferent lymphatic vessel, efferent lymphatic vessel, lymph node
D All of the above are correct
41 What are the two types of lymphatic tissues found in the thymus lobules?
A Cortex and medulla
B Red and white pulps
C White and gray matter
D Lose and dense connective tissues
42 Which of the following cells maturate in the thymus?
A Macrophages
B B lymphocytes
C Thrombocytes
D T lymphocytes
43 What two types of immunities does the body have?
A Primary and secondary
B Innate and adaptive
C All or none
D None od the answers are correct
44 Which of the following is another name for an antibody?
A Interleukin-1
B Immunoglobulin

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C Gamma globulin
D Both immunoglobulin and gamma globulin are correct
Which of the following is NOT a class of antibody?
A IgA
B IgC
C IgG
D All of the above are correct
Which of the following immunities is caused by a vaccine?
A Passive artificial immunity
B Passive natural immunity
C Active natural immunity
D Active artificial immunity
Which of the following immunities is caused by antibodies being passed fro the mothers blood
across the placenta into the fetus blood?
A Passive artificial immunity
B Passive natural immunity
C Active natural immunity
D Active artificial immunity
The heart wall is composed of three layers. Which of the following is NOT a layer of the heart wall?
A Endocardium
B Intercardium
C Epicardium
D Myocardium
What is the name of the heart wall layer that forms the inner surface of the heart chamber?
A Epicardium
B Myocardium
C Endocardium
D Pericardium
What is the function of heart valves?
A To separate the ventricles
B To make sure that blood flows in both directions in the ventricles
C To create turbulence in the ventricles
D To prevent backflow of blood and ensure one-way flow of blood in the heart
Which of the following are heart valves?
A Atrioventricular valves
B Semilunar valves
C Sinoatrial valves
D Both the atrioventricular and semilunar valves
What is the name of the right atrioventricular valve?
A Bicuspid valve
B Pulmonary semilunar valve
C Tricuspid valve
D All of the above
Which of the following is the correct flow of blood as blood moves from the lungs, through the
heart, to the body?
1 Aortic semilunar valve
2 Aorta
3 Bicuspid valve
4 Left atrium
5 Left ventricle
6 Pulmonary valve
A 5, 3, 6 ,4. 1, 2
B 2, 1, 5, 3, 4, 6
C 6, 4, 3, 5, 1, 2
D 6, 4, 5, 3, 2, 1
Blood is drained from the heart muscle by which f the following blood vessels?
A Coronary arteries
B Superior vena cava
C Pulmonary veins
D Coronary sinus

56 During depolarizartion, which of the following ion channels open?

A Sodium
B Potassium
C Hydrogen
D Both sodium and potassium channels open
57 During depolarization,
A Sodium channels open, potassium channels open and calcium channels open
B Sodium channels open, potassium channels close and calcium channels open
C Sodium channels close, potassium channels open and calcium channels open
D None of the above are correct
58 During final repolarization,
A Sodium channels close, potassium channels open and calcium channels open
B Sodium channels open, potassium channels close and calcium channels close
C Sodium channels close, potassium channels open and calcium channels close
D None of the above are correct
59 Which of the following waves would be seen in ECG?
A P wave
B T wave
C QRS complex
D All of the above would be seen in a normal ECG
60 What wave of the ECG represents ventricular depolarization?
A P wave
B T wave
C QRS complex
D All of the above would be seen in a normal ECG
61 What wave of the ECG represents ventricular repolarization?
A P wave
B T wave
C QRS complex
D All f the above would represent ventricular depolarization in an ECG
62 What structure regulates the activity of the pituitary gland?
A Hypothalamus
B Pons
C Cerebrum
D Thalamus
63 What structure physically connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
A Intermediate mass of thalamus
B Brain stem
C Infundibulum
D Mammillary bodies
64 What is carried by neurons of the hypothalamohypophysial tract?
A Hypothalamic hormones to the anterior pituitary gland
B Neurotransmitters to the posterior pituitary gland
C Hypothalamic hormones to the posterior pituitary gland
D Releasing hormones to the posterior pituitary gland
65 Which anterior pituitary hormone is NOT involved with the reproductive system?
A Adrenocorticotropic hormone
B Follicle-stimulating hormone
C Prolactin
D Luteinizing hormone
66 Which of the following is NOT a function of growth hormone?
A Stimulates the growth of tissues and bones
B Increases the movement of amino acids into cells for protein synthesis
C Increases lipolysis
D Decreases the formation of glucose in the liver
67 An abnormal increase in height due to an excess of growth hormone during the growing years is
A Pituitary dwarfism
B Acromegaly
C Pituitary gigantism
D Achondroplasia
68 Which of the following is NOT a function of thyroid hormone?

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A. Increase metabolism
B. Increase normal growth and development
C. Decrease the number and activity of mitochondria
D. Increase body temperature
Which of the following is NOT true about regulation of thyroid hormone?
A. Stress will increase TRH secretion
B. Both the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary regulate secretion
C. Regulation is through negative-feedback mechanisms
D. Decrease in TSH will decrease thyroid hormone production
Long-term effects of diabetes mellitus include
A. Retinal damage leading to blindness
B. Kidney damage leading to kidney failure
C. Nervous System impairments
D. Increased atherosclerosis leading to heart disease
E. All of the choices are correct
During exercise, what hormones ensure that the brain and skeletal muscles have enough
energy?
A. Epinephrine, glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone
B. Insulin, thyroid hormone, cortisol, epinephrine
C. Growth hormone, insulin, glucagon, testosterone
D. Estrogen, testosterone, aldosterone, cortisol
Right after meal, what hormone(s) decrease in levels?
A. Insulin
B. Epinephrine, glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone
C. Insulin, thyroid hormone, cortisol, epinephrine
D. None of the choices are correct
What type of receptor responds to compression, bending or stretching?
A. Thermoreceptors
B. Nociceptors
C. Mechanoreceptors
D. Photoreceptors
E. Chemoreceptors
What type of receptor responds to chemicals?
A. Thermoreceptors
B. Nociceptors
C. Mechanoreceptors
D. Photoreceptors
E. Chemoreceptors
What type of receptor is involved in vision?
A. Thermoreceptors
B. Nociceptors
C. Mechanoreceptors
D. Photoreceptors
E. Chemoreceptors
The visual cortex is located in the _________ lobe.
A. Frontal
B. Occipital
C. Temporal
D. Parietal
E. Insula
The auditory cortex is located in the ________ lobe.
A. Frontal
B. Occipital
C. Temporal
D. Parietal
E. Insula

78 The taste cortex is located in the _______ lobe.

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A. Frontal
B. Occipital
C. Temporal
D. Parietal
E. Insula
The olfactory cortex is located in the ________ lobe.
A. Frontal
B. Occipital
C. Temporal
D. Parietal
E. Insula
Where is it determined which muscles would need to contract for a particular motion to
occur?
A. Primary motor cortex
B. Premotor area
C. Prefrontal area
D. None of the choices is correct
Forethought, motivation and emotional regulation occurs in the
A. Premotor area
B. Somatic sensory association area
C. Prefrontal area
D. Primary motor cortex
What is the correct order of meninges from superficial to deep?
A. Dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid mater
B. Pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater
C. Arachnoid mater, pia mater, dura mater
D. Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
What are of the spinal cord is used to inject anaesthetics for childbirth and other
applications?
A. Epidural space
B. Subdural space
C. Subarachnoid space
D. Suprapial space
Which of the following is the correct sequence of structures in a reflex arc?
A. Effector organ, motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron, sensory receptor
B. Interneuron, sensory neuron, motor neuron, sensory neuron, effector neuron
C. Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector neuron
D. Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effector neuron
Which of the following is NOT true about changes in the membrane potential?
A. An increase in the movement of potassium out of the cell creates a hyperpolarization
B. An increase in the movement of calcium ions into the cell creates a hyperpolarization
C. An increase in the movement of sodium ions into the cell causes depolarization
D. An increase in the movement of chloride ions into the cell causes hyperpolarization
The ability of muscle to contract when stretched beyond its normal resting length is
A. Contractility
B. Excitability
C. Extensibility
D. Elasticity
The ability of muscle to recoil to its resting length after being stretched is
A. Contractility
B. Excitability
C. Extensibility
D. Elasticity
What type of connective tissue creates the muscle fasciculus?

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A. Epimysium
B. Perimysium
C. Muscular fascia
D. Endomysium
What type of connective tissue surrounds individual muscle fibers?
A. Epimysium
B. Perimysium
C. Muscular fascia
D. Endomysium
The statement is true of a resting membrane potential?
A. The plasma membrane is negative on the outside with more sodium ions outside.
B. The plasma membrane is negative on the outside with more potassium ions outside
C. The plasma membrane is positive on the outside with more sodium ions outside
D. The plasma membrane is positive on the outside with more potassium ions outside.
What type of gated ion channel responds to a molecule binding to a receptor on the ion
channel?
A. Ligand-gated ion channel
B. Steroid-gated ion channel
C. Voltage-gated ion channel
D. Messenger-gated ion channel
The formation of bone by osteoblasts is called
A. Ossification
B. Osteogenesis
C. Resorption
D. Both ossification and osteogenesis are correct
Large bone cells with several nuclei that release enzymes are
A. Osteoclasts
B. Osteoblasts
C. Osteocyte
The epiphyses of long bones are made primarily of
A. Cancellous bone
B. Fibrocartilage
C. Compact bone
D. Articular cartilage
The area of a long bone where growth in bone length occurs is the
A. Periosteum
B. Endosteum
C. Epiphyseal plate
D. Diaphysis
An air-filled space in some skull bones is called a/an
A. Suture
B. Sinus
C. Epiphysis
D. Marrow space
How do keratinocytes obtain melanin?
A. Produce it through protein synthesis
B. Phagocytize tips of melanocytes to obtain melanosomes
C. By diffusion from melanocytes
D. By active transport from melanocytes
Which if the following does NOT affect melanin production?
A. Blood flow through the skin
B. Exposure to ultraviolet light
C. Genetics
D. Hormones
The epidermis is made of _______ tissue, while the dermis is made of ______ tissue.
A. Connective; connective

B. Connective; epithelial
C. Epithelial; connective
D. Epithelial; epithelial
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the subcutaneous tissue?
A. Source of energy
B. Vitamin D production
C. Insulation
D. Padding