LABORATORY MANUAL

EE6211 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS LABORATORY

II SEMESTER I YEAR ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

REGULATIONS 2013
ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

SARANATHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TRICHY 12

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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Do not work without guidance in the lab
Follow the instructions of the staff at every stage
Maintain discipline and do not indulge in mischief of any kind
Keep the work place neat and tidy
Always wear safety shoes in the lab
Keep the apparatus in proper place while in use
Seek first aid treatment immediately in case of injury
Make use of the first aid kit in the laboratory
Do not loiter inside the lab
Do not wear metal rings, watches and bangles in the lab hours
Girl students must insert their hair plait inside their coat
Boy students must tuck in their shirts

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SAFETY ASPECTS OF ELECTRICAL WIRING

When electricity is not used properly, it causes DANGER.

Do not work on the live circuit without the approval of the supervisor.
Make sure that all the safety precautions are adopted before commencing
the work.
Ensure that each student is accompanied by at least one more student
competent enough to render first aid in case of accident/injury.
Do not attempt to rescue a person, getting electrocuted, through direct
contact; if it is not possible to switch off the main power supply, insulate you
from the earth by standing on a rubber mat or a dry wood, rescue the person
and continue the artificial respiration till the victim recovers.
Do not throw water on live electrical equipment in case of fire or spark.
Person working at the top of electrical post (or) tower must wear safety belts
and rubber gloves.
When working with electricity, a person must wear safety shoes.
When working on a rotating machine, avoid wearing loose shirts and
unbraided free flying hair, which could lead to accidents.
Earth wire must be properly connected and maintained to avoid electric
shock from the electrical devices/mains supply.
Avoid using wires with poor insulation.

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LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Experimental verification of Kirchhoffs voltage and current laws
2. Experimental verification of network theorems (Thevenin, Norton, Superposition
and maximum power transfer Theorem).
3. Study of CRO and measurement of sinusoidal voltage, frequency and power factor.
4. Experimental determination of time constant of series R-C electric circuits.
5. Experimental determination of frequency response of RLC circuits.
6. Design and Simulation of series resonance circuit.
7. Design and Simulation of parallel resonant circuits.
8. Simulation of low pass and high pass passive filters.
9. Simulation of three phase balanced and unbalanced star, delta networks circuits.
10.Experimental determination of power in three phase circuits by two-watt meter
method.
11.Calibration of single phase energy meter.
12.Determination of two port network parameters.

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S.No Ex.No. DATE Name of the Experiment Marks Signature

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Content
Ch.No. Title Page No.
1 Introduction 7
1.1 Prerequisite for the lab 7
2.1 Measuring Instruments 7
2.2 Types of measuring instruments 7
2.3 Digital Multimeter 10
2.4 LCR meter 13
3 Bread Board 14
4 Carbon Resistors 15
5 PSPICE tutorial 16
Experimental Verification of Kirchhoffs Voltage and
Ex1 E.1
current laws
Experimental Verification of Network Theorems
(a)Verification of Thevenins Theorem E.6
(b)Verification of Nortons Theorem E.11
Ex2
(c)Verification of Superposition Theorem E.16
(d)Verification of Maximum Power Transfer
Theorem E.21
Study of CRO & Measurement of Voltage,
Ex3 E.26
Frequency and Power Factor
Experimental Determination of Time Constant of
Ex4 E.34
Series RC Electric Circuits
Ex5 Frequency Response of RLC Circuit E.39
Ex6 Design and Simulation of Series Resonance Circuit E.43
Ex7 Design and Simulation of Parallel Resonance Circuit E.47
Ex8 Simulation of Low Pass and High Pass Passive Filters E.52
Simulation of Three Phase Balanced and
Ex9 E.57
Unbalanced Star, Delta Network Circuits
Experimental Determination of Power in Three
Ex10 E.63
Phase Circuits by Two-Wattmeter Method
Ex11 Calibration of Single Phase Energy Meter E.67
Ex12 Determination of Two Port Network Parameters E.72

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1. Introduction
The laboratory experiments in Electrical Circuits lab are oriented to provide practical understanding of
circuit theory concepts. Linking the theory with practice. It is very important for any student to learn
how to put theory into practice. With this view, the relation of theoretical circuit elements, circuit
components and theoretical laws to understanding of circuit functioning is the main objective of the
Circuits lab.

1.1 Prerequisite for this Lab Course:

The students undergoing this lab course shall refresh their basic concepts learnt in circuit theory course
including

DC and AC current, voltage, power

Concept of magnetic flux and electromagnetically induced emf
Series and parallel connections, open circuit and short circuit in a electric network
Energy, resistance
Average, rms and peak values of AC voltage and current
Concept of frequency, Phase, Power and Power factor in AC system

2. Measuring Instruments
The other important aspect, a student need to learn before conducting any experiment or test on a
particular equipment is about the types and ranges of measuring instruments that need to be
employed. This chapter describes the different types of measuring instruments used for conducting
experiment on AC and DC equipments. Its very important that the students should gain the
understanding on the selection of type of measuring instruments and its ranges in order to conduct an
experiment in an appropriate manner without damaging the measuring instruments.

2.1 Measuring Instruments

These instruments are used to measure the different electrical quantities like voltage, current and
power. There are other instruments as well like tachometer which measures the speed of a rotating
machine. Any experiment involves measurement of these variables under different experimental
conditions.

2.2 Types of Measuring Instruments

The types shall be broadly classified into two 1. Instruments for measuring DC quantities and 2.
Instruments for measuring AC quantities. Moving Coil (MC) type instruments are used for measuring
DC, while Moving Iron (MI) type instruments are used for measuring AC. Apart from this, the
instruments are further classified based on the measurement variables like voltage current etc. Table
3.1 summarizes the different types of measuring instruments and Table 3.2 summarizes the available

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ranges of measuring instruments available in the electrical machines laboratory that will be used in this
lab course.

Table 2.1 Different types of measuring instruments used in electrical machines laboratory

Symbol Description Connection

MC type Ammeter for Ammeter is always connected

measuring average value of in series with the EUT whose
DC Current current need to be measured

MI type Ammeter for Ammeter is always connected

measuring RMS value of AC in series with the EUT whose
Current current need to be measured

MC type Voltmeter for Voltmeter is always

measuring average value of connected in parallel (across)
DC Voltage the EUT whose voltage need
to be measured

MI type Voltmeter for Voltmeter is always

measuring RMS value of AC connected in parallel (across)
Voltage the EUT whose voltage need
to be measured

Wattmeter contains a current

coil and pressure coil (or the
Dynamometer type
voltage coil). The former is
Wattmeter for measuring AC
connected in series, while the
Power
later is connected in parallel

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Table 2.2Ranges of different measuring instruments that will be used in this lab course

S.No Type of Instruments Picture Available ranges

1 MC Type Ammeter (0-2) mA
(0-5) mA
(0-10) mA
(0-20) mA
(0-50) mA, (0-100) mA
2 MI Type Ammeter

(0-5) A
(0-10) A

3 MC Type Voltmeter

(0-15) V

4 MI Type Voltmeter (0-150) V

(0-300) V
(0-600) V

5 Wattmeter Current Rating 5A/10A

Voltage Rating
150V/300V/600V
Power Factor UPF

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2.3 Digital Multimeter

830 series multimeters are pocket-sized 3 1/2-digit digital

multimeters for measuring DC and AC Voltage, DC Current,
Resistance and Testing Diode. Some models also provide
transistor test function, signal output for performing continuity test.
Overload protection and low battery indication are provided.

KEY FUNCTIONS:
1. FUNCTION AND RANGE SWITCH
This switch is used to select the functions and desired ranges as well
as to turn ON/OFF the meter.
To extend the life of the battery, the switch should be in the "OFF"
position when the meter is not in use.

2. DISPLAY - 3 1/2 digits, LCD(12mm)

3. "COM" JACK - Plug in connector for black (negative) test lead.

4. VmA JACK - Plug in connector for red (positive) test lead for all
voltage, resistance and current (up to 200mA) measurements.

5. "10A"JACK - Plug in connector for red (Positive) test lead for current
(between 200mA and 10A)measurement. There is no fuse for "10A" jack.
To use safely, each measurement cannot last for more than 10 seconds,
and the interval between each measurement must be more than 15
minutes.

Measurement of Resistance:

Measurement of Voltage:

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Department of EEE, Saranathan College of Engineering

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Department of EEE, Saranathan College of Engineering

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3. BREAD BOARD

Breadboard is a piece of hardware prototype stage for designing and building electronic devices. It allows you
to build an electronic circuit without any soldering. Instead, you poke your components and wires into the
small contact holes arranged in rows and column connected by lines of metal, then you can connect your
components together with single strand wires or breadboarding wires to form your circuit.

This is how the holes are interconnected electrically.

Electrical connection remains same for the (1), (4) and (2), (3).
In (1), (4) rows are linked horizontally.
In (2), (3) columns are linked vertically.
There is no interconnection between (1), (4).
There is interconnection between the rows in (1), (4).
There is no interconnection between the columns in (2), (3).
There is no interconnection between (2), (3).
Usually (1), (4) is used for power supply connections as we find many supply points in the circuits.
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4. CARBON RESISTORS
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