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BIOLOGY
THEORY
COURSE STRUCTURE
CLASS : XI
One Paper Time : 3 Hours 70 Marks
Unit Topics Marks
.
I Diversity of Living Organisms 07
II. StructuralOrganisation in Plants and Animals 12
III. Cell: Structure and Function 15
IV. Plant Physiology 18
V. Human Physiology 18
Total = 70
Unit V : Human Physiology : (45 Periods) Skeletal system and its functions. (To be dealt with the relevant practical of
Practical Syllabus).
Digestion and Absorption
Joints.
Human alimentary canal and Digestive glands.
Disorders of muscular and skeletal system.
Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones.
Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy,Arthritis, Osteoporosis Gout.
Peristalsis.
Digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Neural control and co-ordination
Calorific value of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Neuron and nerves.
Egestion. Nervous system in humans.
Nutritional and digestive disorders - P E M, indigestion, constipation, Central Nervous system, Peripheral Nervous system and Visceral Nervous
Vomiting, jaundice. system.
Generation and conduction of nerve impulse.
Breathing and Respiration
Reflex action.
Respiratory organs in animals. (Recall only)
Sense organs.
Respiratory system in humans.
Sensory Perception.
Mechanism of Breathing and its regulation in humans.
Elementary structure and function of eye and ear and general idea of other
Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration in humans.
sense organs.
Respiratory volumes.
Disorders related to respiration Chemical coordination and regulation
Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational Respiratory disorders. Endocrine glands and hormones.
Human endocrine system - Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid,
Body fluids and Circulation
Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads.
Composition of blood, Blood groups, Coagulation of blood.
Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea).
Composition of Lymph and its function.
Role of hormones as messengers and regulators.
Human circulatory system.
Hypo and hyperactivity and related disorders.
Structure of human heart and blood vessels.
(Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter,
Cardiac cycle, Cardiac output, ECG.
exopthalmic goiter,diabetes, Addisonsdisease).
Double circulation.
Regulation of cardiac activity.
IMP : Diseases related to all the human physiology systems to be taught in brief.
Disorders of circulatory system - Hypertension, Coronary artery disease,
Angina pectoris, heart failure.
Excretory products and their elimination
Modes of excretion - Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism.
Human excretory system - structure and function.
Urine formation, Osmoregulation.
Regulation of kidney function, Renin-angiotensin, Antinatriureticfactor,A D H
and Diabetes insipidus.
Role of other organs in excretion.
Disorders - Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis.
Dialysisandartificialkidney.
Locomotion and movement
Types of movement - ciliary,flagellar, muscular.
Skeletal muscle - contractile proteins and muscle contraction.
CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS for Classes XI & XII 209 210 CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS for Classes XI & XII
Abbreviation : K (Knowledge), U (Understanding), A (Application), S (Skill), E (Essay Type),
SA (Short Answer Type), VSA (Very Short Answer Type), O (Objective Type)
CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS for Classes XI & XII 213 214 CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS for Classes XI & XII
DESIGN (c) Item 7,10,11,12&13 : Test for presence of sugar, starch, proteins and fats in animal
QUESTION PAPER/UNIT TEST materials, urine test for urea, presence of sugar in urine/blood,
Subject : BIOLOGY presence of albumin and bile salts in urine.
Unit/Paper : Practical (i) Experimentation 1
Class : XI (ii) Observations 1
Time : 3 Hours (iii) Inference and Result 1
Full Marks : 30 (iv) Precautions 1
Total = 4
MARKING SCHEME :
SECTION - A (Any one) 4 marks SECTION - C (Spotting) 4+4 = 8 marks
Q. 1 Q.3 Item 1-11 : (Two spots each from plants and animals)
(a) Item 1 : Description of a flowering plant. (i) Identification 1
(i) Dissect and Display 1 (ii) Comments - 2 points 1
(ii) Diagram and labelling 2 Total = 2
(iii) Comments on Floral Characters 1
Total = 4 SECTION - D 5 marks
Q.4 Investigatory Project :
(b) Item 2 and 5 : Preparation of Slide of Transverse Section of dicot and monocol roots
and stems (primary) and observation of distribution Stomata (i) Aim and object 1
(i) Preparation of slide 1 (ii) Materials and Methods 1
(ii) Diagram and labelling 2 (iii) Summary of the project 1
(iii) Comments - 2 points 1 (iv) Viva Voce on record 2
Total = 4 Total = 5
Q.5 Laboratory Record 5 Marks
SECTION - B (Any two) 4+4 = 8 marks (i) Completeness of practical work 1
Q.2 (ii) Regularity in submitting record 1
(a) Item 3,4,6 & 9 : Plant Physiology experiments : Potato Osmometer, Plasmolysis, (iii) Neatness and accuracy of record 1
Transpiration and Respiration. (iv) Viva Voce on record 2
(i) Experimentation/Setting of experiment 1 Total = 5
(ii) Observations 1
(iii) Inference and Result 1
(iv) Precautions 1
Total = 4
(b) Items 7 & 8 : Tests for presence of Sugar,Starch, Proteins and Fats in suitable plant
materials, paper chromatography of plant pigments.
(i) Experimentation/Setting of experiment 1
(ii) Observations 1
(iii) Inference and result 1
(iv) Precautions 1
Total = 4
CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS for Classes XI & XII 215 216 CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS for Classes XI & XII
Genome and human genome project. Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture
Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy.
DNA finger printing.
Genetically modified organisms - Bt craps.
Evolution Biosafety Issues.
Biopiracy and patents.
Origin of life
Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution Unit V : ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT (35 Periods)
(Paleontological, from comparative anatomy and embryology and
Meaning of ecology, environment, habitat and niche
molecular evidence)
Organisms and environment
Darwins contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution.
Hardy - W einbergsprinciple. Population and ecological adaptations
Population Interactions - mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism.
Mechanism of evolution - Variation (Mutation & Recombination)
Population attributes - growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection.
Gene flow and genetic dirft. Ecosystems
Adaptive Radiation.
Patterns, components, energy flow, nutrient cycling (carbon and
Human evolution. phosphorous), decomposition and productivity.
Pyramids of number, biomass, energy.
Unit III : BIOLOGY AND HUMAN WELFARE (35 Periods) Ecological succession.
Ecological Services : Carbon fixation, Pollination, Oxygen release
Health and Disease
Basic concepts of immunology - vaccines. Biodiversity and its conservation
Pathogens, parasites causing human disease (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariassis, Threats to, and need for biodiversity conservation
Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm). Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book.
Cancer, HIV and AIDS. Biodiversity conservation - biosphere reserves, national parks and
Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse. sanctuaries.
Insects and human welfare Environmental Issues
Silk, Honey,Lac. Air Pollution and its control
W ater pollution and its control
Improvement in food production
Agrochemicals and their effects
Plantbreeding,tissueculture,singlecellprotein.
Solid waste management
Biofortification, Animal husbandary.
Radioactive waste management
Microbes in human welfare Greenhouse effect and global warming
in household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, Ozone depletion, deforestation.
energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers. Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues.
DESIGN DESIGN
QUESTION PAPER/UNIT TEST QUESTION PAPER/UNIT TEST
Subject : BIOLOGY Subject : BIOLOGY
Unit/Paper : Theory Unit/Paper : Practical
Class : XII Class : XII
Time : 3 Hours Time : 3 Hours
Full Marks : 70 Full Marks : 30
CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS for Classes XI & XII 223
(c) Item 8 : Effect of different temperatures on the activity of Salivary amylase on starch.
Effect of three different PH on the activity of Salivary amylase on starch
(i) Experimentation/Setting of experiment 1
(ii) Observations 1
(iii) Inference and Result 2
Total = 4
Section - C (Two spots each from plants and animals) 2x4=8 Marks
Q.3
Item 1-11: Spotting
(i) Identification 1
(ii) Comment 1
Total = 2
Section - D
Q. 4 Investigatory Project 5 Marks
(i) Aim and object 1
(ii) Materials and Methods 1
(iii) Summary of the project 1
(iv) Viva Voce on record 2
Total = 5
Q. 5 Laboratory Record Book 5 Marks
(i) Completeness of practical work 1
(ii) Regularity in Submitting record 1
(iii) Neatness and accuracy of record 1
(iv) Viva Voce on record 2
Total = 5