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Nepal country profile - BBC News

With its ancient culture and the Himalayas as a backdrop, landlocked Nepal was closed to the outside

Since then the country has seen the creation of a multi-party parliamentary system, a decade-long Ma

Flanked by China and India, it is home to eight of the world's highest mountains including Mount Evere

As one of the world's poorest countries, Nepal's economy relies heavily on aid and tourism.

A devastating earthquake in April 2015 killed thousands of people, flattened villages and reduced num

Since then political infighting has delayed much of the reconstruction despite billions of dollars having

FACTS
Population 31 million

Area 147,181 sq km (56,827 sq miles)

Major languages Nepali

Major religions Hinduism, Buddhism

Life expectancy 68 years (men), 70 years (women)

Currency Nepalese rupee

Getty Images

LEADERS
President: Bidhya Devi Bhandari

Image copyright Getty Images

Bidhya Devi Bhandari was elected as Nepal's first woman president in a parliamentary vote in Octobe

She is a campaigner for women's rights and widow of late communist leader Madan Kumar Bhandari.

The post of president is mainly ceremonial.

Prime minister: Pushpa Kamal Dahal aka Prachanda

Image copyright Getty Images


Pushpa Kamal Dahal was elected as prime minister for the second time in August 2016.

Better known as Prachanda (Nepali for "fierce one"), he led a decade-long insurgency against the mon

He became the first elected prime minister of Nepal in August 2008 but his government collapsed nin

Mr Dahal is the leader of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre).

MEDIA
Image copyright Getty Images
Media freedom is restricted by the fact that journalists have been the victims of violence, activists say

There is a small film industry, nicknamed "Kollywood".

TIMELINE
Some key dates in Nepal's history:

1768 - Gurkha ruler Prithvi Narayan Shah conquers Kathmandu and lays foundations for unified kingd

1814-16 - Anglo-Nepalese War; culminates in treaty which establishes Nepal's current boundaries.

1846 - Nepal falls under sway of hereditary chief ministers known as Ranas, who dominate the monar

1950 - Anti-Rana forces based in India form alliance with monarch.

1951 - End of Rana rule. Sovereignty of crown restored and anti-Rana rebels in Nepalese Congress Pa

1960 - King Mahendra seizes control and suspends parliament, constitution and party politics.

1991 - Nepali Congress Party wins first democratic elections.

1995-2006 - Maoist revolt which kills thousands.

2008 - Nepal becomes a republic after abolition of monarchy.

2015 September - New constitution adopted - the first in Asia to specifically protect gay rights.

Image copyright Getty Images Image caption The Maoist insurgency blighted Nepal for a decade
was closed to the outside world until the 1950s.

system, a decade-long Maoist insurgency and the abolition of its monarchy.

ains including Mount Everest, known locally as Sagarmatha.

id and tourism.

d villages and reduced numerous heritage sites to ruin.

te billions of dollars having been pledged.


iamentary vote in October 2015. She is the deputy leader of the ruling Communist Party of Nepal Unified Marxis

r Madan Kumar Bhandari.


ugust 2016.

nsurgency against the monarchy which culminated in the king relinquishing his absolute powers and being force

government collapsed nine months later in a row over his attempt to dismiss the army chief.
s of violence, activists say.

undations for unified kingdom.

al's current boundaries.

, who dominate the monarchy and cut country off from outside world.

s in Nepalese Congress Party form government.

and party politics.

protect gay rights.

d Nepal for a decade


rty of Nepal Unified Marxist-Leninist (CPN-UML) and a former defence minister.
te powers and being forced to give up his throne in June 2008.

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