Skripsi Tentang Plagiat

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of Research
The increasing of academic dishonesty now days can be signalized as the
fact that the degradation in educations quality especially in Indonesia is quite
apprehensive. It can be looked from the case of academic violations which
happen, start from smallest academic violation until higher academic violation
that cause abrogation of academic degree until jail penalty for who made that
case. One of them is plagiarism, which becomes part of academic dishonesty.
Commonly, plagiarism is taking identically another persons word,
sentences, idea or concept on anything forms, deliberately or accidentally by
somebody and acknowledged it as their own. In academic community,
plagiarism always happens in a form of written work of the students or tutors. It
is not easy to differentiate an academic work which plagiarism or non-
plagiarism, although we understand the way of writing. Because sometimes
plagiarize happens accidentally. According to Wray and Bloomer (2006) as cited
in Nurhayati and Sungkar (2009) claim that there are two forms of plagiarism,
they are deliberate plagiarism and accidental plagiarism.
The phenomena of plagiarism among students are very difficult to be
proven. It needs scientific research to identify this phenomenon. In the other
place actually many scientific research has been conducted to identify plagiarism
of what its background and how it works. In Indonesia from the sector of
education, plagiarism has been a serious problem. There are many students that
Plagiarism in Writting Academic Work (Has been published in UNIDAYAN

Journal). Author: La Ode Achmad Suherman (2014)1
had been caught as plagiarist in their academic work. In State Universities of
Yogyarkarta, for example, some researches had been done to identify the forms
of plagiarism on students thesis. Suwarjo, et al. (2012) in their research found
that, there are
1.260 thesis of graduated students at education faculty of State University of
Yogyakarta in the period of 2010-2011 identified as plagiarism.
Plagiarism is very harm. It is a kind of violation of intellectual property.
One who made this case will be given some penalties. According to the
regulation of Education Ministry of Indonesia number 17, 2010 about plagiarism
claims that there are several penalties that will be given for the plagiarist such as
a warning for the light penalty until abrogation of academic degree for the
serious penalty.
In relation to the case of plagiarism, Satanto. L, et al (2007) noted that
plagiarism always occurs in the form of quotation, paraphrase (p.4), and
citation (p.51). It also supported by Murray. N and Hughes. G (2008) who state
that failing to write citation is also kind of plagiarism (p. 47). This theoretical
basis can show that citation is extra ordinary important in writing academic
work. Again and again if the writer has failing to do this, he or she may
considered as plagiarist, whereas still much more students who didnt know how
citation works.
Based on writers personally experience in class situation for almost four
years, encountered therere many plagiarism actions which happen among
students especially while doing their academic work. For example, when the

students get an academic work for doing a paper, they try to find out the
information from any source (printed or digital source). Many of them use
facility like internet to find out appropriate information. But unfortunately, this
information is used by the students as the answer of their academic work. They
just copy-paste the appropriate information without attribute the sources
appropriately and acknowledge it as their original work.
Being aware of this case the writer had tried to discuss plagiarism with
some students in the English education study program at Dayanu Ikhsanunddin
University and encountered that many of them didnt really know about
plagiarism and not realized that they had plagiarized while doing academic
work. It can be assumed that this happen because lack of information of
plagiarism in
this institution.
Thinking about the reasons above, leads the writer to assume that students
at Dayanu Ikhsanuddin University especially in the English education study
program are lacking of understanding in the case of plagiarism and lack of skill
of how to write citation. In the other word, students in writing academic work
may indicate to plagiarize.
On writers pre-observation at the library of Dayanu Ikhsanudin
University, encountered that therere thesis which estimated plagiarize. The
writer looked the content of the thesis, especially on writing citation that were
used. The thesis has failed to use quotation mark. It is probably will increase
because we merely scan the content of the thesis without analysed types of

unintentional plagiarism occurred. Therefore, it is identified that study the types
of unintentional plagiarism in writing academic work is challenging.
Consequently, in this research the writer desires to prepare a study on identifying
types of unintentional plagiarism in writing academic work.
B. Focus and Sub Focuses
From the explanation on the background above, the focus of this research
is
Unintentional plagiarism within the content of academic work (thesis).
This focus can be specified into sub focuses:
a. Improperly Citation;
b. Improperly quotation; and
c. Improperly paraphrasing.
C. Statement of Problem
The main problem of this research is: How is unintentional plagiarism
within the content of academic work?
This problem can be specified into three specific problems, as follow:
a. How is the improperly paraphrasing occurs within the content of
academic work?
b. How is the improperly quotation occurs within the content of academic
work?
c. How is the improperly citation occurs within the content of academic
work?

D. Research Significant
The signification of the research as follow:
1. Theoretically: the significance of this research are: (a) To inform and
to show to the lecturer about how does plagiarism occur within the
content of academic work (b) showing and warning to the students
about unintentional plagiarism which possibly occurred within the
content of academic work (c) As one valued information for further
Researcher on preparing their research thesis.
2. Practically; it is expected that the findings of this research will become
a critic and positive contribution for department to improve the quality
of students in English Education study program of Dayanu
Ikhsanuddin
University.

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A. Definition of Plagiarism
Many surveys have been carried on investigating the case of plagiarism.
The complexity of this case has led many researchers find out plagiarism on how
it works, why does it happen and how to overcome. Actually plagiarism is not
the present issues, it has been arisen many years ago. Many of theory about
plagiarism had stated by the experts. The term of plagiarism actually derived
from the Latin word plagiarius which is mean kidnapper or someone who
steals someones work (Wikipedia, 2013). Some opinions stated plagiarism is a
kind of violation of taking, citing, or paraphrasing anothers idea without
acknowledging the source properly in any submitted work.
Recently Council of Writing Program Administrators (2003) has also
defined plagiarism as using someone else language, original work or idea
deliberately without acknowledging its source. Acknowledgement is really
sensitive while somebody uses somebody else idea. It may be identified as
plagiarism when it occurs without quotation mark or not properly in the citation.
Further, Thody (2006) claims that Plagiarsim is passing off as ones own the

words or ideas of someone else or using someone elses work without crediting
the original source (p. 226).
Wood (2004) as cited in Jones, Carl O et al., (2008) states that Plagiarism:
A student incorporates another persons or body work by unacknowledged
quotation, paraphrase, imitation or other device in any work submitted for
assessment in a way that suggests that it is the students original work.
In relation with the definitions of plagiarism above, the Ministry of
Education in Indonesia defines plagiarism:
Plagiat adalah perbuatan secara sengaja atau tidak sengaja dalam

memperoleh atau mencoba memperoleh kredit atau nilai untuk suatu karya
ilmiah, dengan mengutip sebagian atau seluruh karya dan/atau karya
ilmiah pihak lain yang diakui sebagai karya ilmiahnya, tanpa menyatakan
sumber secara tepat dan memadai (Permendiknas No. 17 tahun 2010,
Pasal 1 Ayat 1).
Base on the opinions above, it can be concluded that plagiarism is
incorporating somebodys work (word, sentence, or idea) in the form of wrong
quotation or close paraphrase, which is done intentional or unintentional by
unacknowledged the source sufficiently.
B. Plagiarism on Academic Point of View
Plagiarism on academic point of view is plagiarism which occurred in the
academic place, formal or informal. It can be done by students, lecturers or even
professor and considered as academic dishonesty. As the actor of academia,
students should be enhanced to develop their creativity, thorough academic work
which is given. Academic work such as paper has to be submitted originally as
their original work. Original work not only means that overall should be from
students idea but also another persons idea may also be used to support
students argument but should be acknowledged the source sufficiently.
Incorporating another persons idea is called citing. Citing means
acknowledging clearly the sources of any ideas you use in your writing which
are not your own. Plagiarism is when writers fail to do this (Murray & Hughes,
2008, p. 67). Therefor when students has faling to write citation, their work may
be indicated as product of plagiarism or commit academic plagiarism.
There are several types which can be reference to decide plagiarism in
writing academic work. The types had been discussed by Howard (2001) as cited
in Arbib & Yaari (2004, p. 2) as follow:
Four types of academic plagiarism:(a) submission of a paper that was

written by other student; (b) patch writing copying sentences from a
source and mixing them with your own words without attribution; (c)
failure to cite sources, and; (d) failure to use quotation marks.
Adingingrum (n.d) discuses four shapes of academic plagiarism which is
usually practiced by students in university they are plagiarism of writing style,
plagiarism of internet, plagiarism of thesis and plagiarism of data. Plagiarism of
writing style means that the student quotes another persons idea from any
source without paraphrasing and referencing and without citting the source,
while internet is used as the source for gathering appropriate information to
support them to finish their work. But in practical plagiarism of internet occurs
when the students write parts of body work or even copy-paste totally the
information from the internet without source attribution and print it out directly
and submit it as their original work. Then, plagiarism of thesis occurs while
students start to arrange the thesis as the final work in the university. On this
way, students is gathering appropriate thesis which has been made by the last
student then rewrite smallest part or even rewrite totally by changing the place,
time and data and acknowledge the thesis as their original work. But sometimes
students pay somebody to write the thesis. Then, plagiarism of data means that
students propose or incorporate the fake data or picture into their work.
Base on the theories above it can be concluded that plagiarism can be in
the several forms and types which is always done by the actor of academia
which include students, lecturer, or even professor and considered as plagiarist if
they incorporate another persons idea on their academic work without giving
good acknowledgement to the owners or they write the citation inaccurately and
considered they are not giving enough information of the sources.
C. Common Types of Plagiarism
Sudigdo (2007) as cited in Suwarjo, et al (2012, p. 6) defines plagiarism
into four categories. (1) Plagiarize based on the aspect which is cheated, they are
plagiarism of idea, plagiarism of content, plagiarism of authorship and totally
plagiarism; (2) based on proportion which is cheated, they are light (30%),
medium (30%- 70%) and serious (70% >); (3) based on the pattern of
plagiarism, they are word for word plagiarising, mosaic plagiarism and self
plagiarism; (4) based on its intentional, they are intentional and unintentional.
Lako (2012) a professor of economy and business faculty University of
Unika Soegijapranata in his online article entitled "academic plagiarism" writes
at least four types of academic plagiarism which made by the student: (1) totally

plagiarism is cheating or to steal other people's work and acknowledge it as
his/her original work. Further he explains that this type of plagiarism is done in
the way that the plagiarist took people's work and then changing the name, title
and some keywords; (2) partial plagiarism is plagiarism which is done by taking
some parts of body work of others people in the form of theoretical basis,
conclusion, discussion or methods and incorporate them into the thesis without
citing its source; (3) self plagiarism is taking his/her work from any source
which has been published by unacknowledged its source; (4) inter-language
plagiarism is plagiarism which is done by taking part or all of the foreign
-language scientific papers written by others and then translated it into language
of plagiarist.
Ireton (n.d) classifies more specific into five criteria of academic
plagiarism, they are (1) plagiarism of the word is using another person's exact
words without acknowledging the source properly; (2) plagiarism of structure is
using another person's words and modifying the structure by change the amount
of words even if has cited the source (without quotation marks); (3) plagiarism
of ideas is paraphrasing another person's ideas without acknowledging the
source; (4) plagiarism of authorship is gathering replica of another persons work
which is retrieved from the internet or friend with the aims to re-changed the
name by his/ her own name; (5) self plagiarism is using the previous academic
work for a separate assignment.
Wray and Bloomer (2006, p. 237) as cited in Nurhayati, et al., (2009) have
discussed plagiarism occur when somebody uses another person's words, ideas

and pretended it as his/her own idea. Furthermore, Wray and Bloomer also noted
that there are two kinds of plagiarism, they are deliberate plagiarism which
occur when somebody uses another person work intentionally and pretend it as
his / her original work. Asking or even paying somebody else to write an
academic work and pretend it as the asker's or buyers work is actually one of
this form. Secondly, accidental plagiarism which Occurs when a writer is not
realize had done plagiarism . This happens when somebody have lack of
understanding of what plagiarism is and how to avoid it. The type of plagiarism
like this always occur when the writer forget to give quotation mark into another
persons idea which has been taken and also forget to write its source into
bibliography.
D. Unintentional Plagiarism and Its Forms
Plagiarism often occurs when the writer forgets or not properly to
acknowledge ideas, or expression of another person that has been borrowed. It
may be happen when the writer Do not keep precise records of their reading
(MLA, 2009, p. 55) and direct to use the quoted material into their work paper.
Continuously McLeod as cited in Wells (1993, p. 60) discusses unintentional
plagiarism as The problem of unacknowledged quotations. Poor understanding
of documentation strategy and information of plagiarism may become the factors
of committing plagiarism. However, students on writing scientific paper must be
able to use another person word to support their arguments but should be
underlines that it is not pretending as their own. MLA (2009) claims ....material

you borrow must not be presented as if it were your own creation (p.55).
Students exceeding this may be indicated as plagiarist. It becomes a dilemma
whereas still much more students are unknown how to use another persons idea
properly.
Unintentional Plagiarism also supported by Pickard (1995) as quoted by
Satanto. L, et al (2007, p. 67) who shows the attitudes of the students toward
plagiarism as follow:
Plagiarism in student writing is often unintentional, as when an elementary

school pupil, assigned to do a report on a certain topic, goes home and
copies down, word for word, everything on the subject in an encyclopedia.
Unfortunately, some students continue to use such research methods in
high school and even in college without realizing that these practice
constitute plagiarism.
MLA (2009, p. 55) explains that, unintentional plagiarism occurs when: (1)
writer is poorly marked or unmarked of paraphrasing from the idea that has been
borrowed; (2) writer is presenting another persons exact word without Marking
it as quotation although has cited the source; and (3) when the writer is
borrowing flow of idea of others (the structural of sentences) in a Second
language on aiming to avoid Grammatical errors.
Creme and Mary on their book entitiled Writing at University: a guid for
students (2008, p. 119) claims that plagiarism include:
a) using a direct quote without making the source clear; (b) paraphrasing or
Summarizing what you have read and not indicating the citation to the
original source of your ideas; c) cutting from a source document and
pasting it into your own work without making citation to the original
source; d) changing a few words around in the original source and then
using it in your work without indicating where the idea came from.

In relation with that, a web page of Brunel University and Duke
University, and also quoted by Enger and MaryPull (2011) give the examples of
unintentional plagiarism, they are: failing to use quotation mark around of exact
text in the form of direct quotation even if cited the source; acknowledging a
source into reference list but not encountered it in the text citation; editing by
following the structure of the sentences by unacknowledged the source; failing
to cite a source which is not common knowledge; failing to put your own word
paraphrase or summary (close paraphrase) even if cited the source, forget to cite
the source; and citation incorrectly.
Based on above opinions it can be grouped that unintentional plagiarism
can be in the form of: paraphrasing improperly, quotation improperly and
citation improperly (adapted from MLA as cited in Ireton, n.d).
E. Writing Citation
The use of previous ideas of other people especially in writing academic
work is really important. It should be used to support the writers idea in order to
make the work more credible. It is a fundamental thing that another persons
ideas should be prepared and incorporated by the writer in order to make their
work has the basis. Satanto. L, et al (2007, p.51) claims that writer in writing a
work should be based on Previous ideas of other people, so it cant be
Avoided to cite and incorporate them to the content of the work itself.
Incorporating another persons ideas is called citation. Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia (2006) as cited in Satanto. L, et al (2007, p.6) writes:

A citation or bibliographic citation is a reference to a book, article, web
page, or other published item, with sufficient details to uniquely the item.
The word citation may be used of the act of citing a work as well as to
reference itself. Citation may be made in the body of text parenthetical
citations, in footnotes at the bottom of pages, or in endnotes at the end of
the document. They are generally also listed in a works cited page or
section also called the bibliography, source list, or list of reference.
The above quotation explains the element of citation include Text
parenthetical citations, Footnotes, and Endnotes which always called
bibliography or reference list. These elements have particular rules which refer
to documentation style that should be followed by the writer. Documentation
styles that can be referred are International style manual, e.g. APA, MLA,
Harvard, Chicago, etc.
Continuously Satanto. L, et al. (2007) explains that parenthetical citation or
in-text citation should be occurred in the body of the text and should be written
appropriately. It is really important, because it will refer to the full information
of the material that written to the reference list in the end of the writing. He also
claims that in-text citation are not complete without the presence of reference
list (p.53).
Franklin University Student Learning Center (2005) as also quoted by
Satanto. L, et al (2007, pp.55-56) demonstrates the important of citation in
academic writing as follow:
Though weve discussed the practical reason that correct citation is

important to avoid a charge of plagiarism, the real purpose of citing
sources is to give readers the information they need to locate the various
sources the writer uses in a paper. Knowing the source of information can
help fellow students or instructors engage in a conversation with the writer
about the validity of sources, or it may point the way for others to take
advantage of information they hadnt encountered before. Acknowledging
the work of others has even more pertinence in the business world, where
using the work of others without giving credit can result in consequences
much more serious than academic discipline.
Based on above quotation it is clear that, the one who writes citation
incorrectly, he or she may be considered as plagiarist. In other words their work
will be considered as the product of plagiarism.
1. Citation Practice in APA style
The elements of direct quotation can be practiced with the
adding of the name of cited author, quotation mark () which
means it is a direct quotation, the year of publication and the number
of the page which shows the location of the cited ideas. It can be found
in the following example:
Murray and Hughes (2008, p. 67) states Citing means

acknowledging clearly the sources of any ideas you use in
your
writing which are not your own.
Or
Murray and Hughes (2008) states that Citing means
acknowledging clearly the sources of any ideas you use in
your writing which are not your own. (p. 67)
While, the element of paraphrase is written by the same way as
well as direct quotation but without quotation mark and not followed
with the page number. It can be found in the following example:
Murray and Hughes (2008) explain that citing is

acknowledging another person idea by the clear source.
Then, the reference list or bibliography is written in the end of
writing and arranged alphabeticaly with the complete information of
the cited source, as follow:

Murray, Neil & Hughes, Geraldine. (2008). Writing up
University Assignment and Research Project: A practical
hand book. England: Open University Press.
The elements of above reference consist of:
The last name of the Authors. (if it a single author just mention
the name and if it more than two authors just mention the first
author by followed et al)
A comma
The first name of the author
A symbol of and (&) which means the material is written by
two authors.
The second author
A period
The bracket year
A period which followed by the title of the book in italic.
The place of publication followed by a colon
The name of the publisher
2. Citing from On-line Sources
According to Franklin University Student Learning Guide
(2005) as cited in Satanto. L, et al (2007) proposes that the URL 1 or
1 The uniform resource locator, abbreviated as URL (also known as web address, particularly when
used with HTTP), is a specific character string that constitutes a reference to a resource. In most web
browsers, the URL of a web page is displayed on top inside an address bar. Uniform resource
locator. (2014, August 14). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 22:49, August 23, 2014,
from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_resource_locator&oldid=621191040

the address of the on-line source should not be place in the body of the
text (in-text citation) but only occurs in the reference list. It can be
changed by the name of the author. It means that On-line Sources is
written as well as printed source. But it might be an exception if the
writer put the URL in the footnote citation.
Bellow will be presented the examples of citing from on-line
source based on APA style, as follow:
1. Example of wrong citation:

Plagiarism of Authorship is Submitting a paper that you got
off the internet or from a friend and presenting it as your own.
(http://www.centralia.edu/academics/writingcenter/Event
%20Inf o/Plagiarism.ppt)
2. Example of correct citation:

Ireton (n.d.) claims that Plagiarism of Authorship is
Submitting a paper that you got off the internet or from a
friend and presenting it as your own.
In the example above the bracket (n.d.) is the acronym of no
date which meant the material that is cited has no date. This will refer
to the source of information in the reference list, as follow:
Ireton, T. (n.d.) The five types of plagiarism. Retrieved May 12, 2014,
from: http://www.centralia.edu/academics/writingcenter/Event
%20Inf o/Plagiarism.ppt
The writer should provide clearly information about the cited
source from the internet. Satanto. L, et al (2007) have suggested that
the information of the on-line source or electronic media source should
be provided as much as possible. The writer also should give accurate

information which includes: the name of the author of the website (if
available), the title, date of posted, the URL and the date of retrieval. If
the name of the author is not provided, it can be changed by the
beginning word of the article. Sometimes the URL is not included if
the article has DOI (Digital Object Identifier).
F. Writing Quotation
The principle of direct quotation especially in the body of the text is
marking the cited ideas of another person that used and acknowledging accurate
information about the source of the ideas e. g. the name of the author, year of
publication, and pages of located ideas. Bazerman. C (2004, p.88) claims Direct
quotation is usually identified by quotation marks, block indentation, italics, or
other typographic setting apart from the other words of the text. If the ideas or
expression of others occurs without any mark will be meant the expression is
written as the idea of the writer. It is kind of violation of the idea which means
that the writer is considered as plagiarist.
The following examples will show how direct quotation written in the
body of the text, as follow:
1. Quotation by four lines idea
Satanto. L, et al (2007) on his book entitled English for Academic
Purposes explains:
For the sake of our further study of citations, the term citation in
this unit will only refer to in-text citations should be presented
appropriately by consistently, such in-text citations should be

presented appropriately by consistently conforming to the citing
norms set by the authority. Yet, in academic writing, in-text
citations are not complete without the presence of a list of
references at the end of the essay or paper. To write citations in
your academic text, you must follow the documentation style set
by your faculty or department. If no choice is made by the
department, then you can choose one of the international style
manuals, e.g. MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard,etc. (p.53)
The above example means that, the citation is quoted from the
exact ideas of Satanto. L, which copies directly from his book. The
quotation should be written in the new line or new paragraph and
marked by different spacing. The symbol of (p. 55) is referred to the
page of ideas location which meant that the ideas can be relocated by
the reader easily when he or she reads the Satantos book.
2. Quotation by less than four lines of idea
Satanto L, et al (2007, p.53) suggests To write citations in your
academic text, you must follow the documentation style set by your
faculty or department.
On this case, the quotation is written together inside the writers
own word without marking them in the new paragraph. Nevertheless, it
should be marked by quotation mark ().
G. Writing Paraphrase
Paraphrase or indirect quotation is the second way to incorporate another
persons idea into the writing work. The difference between quotation and
paraphrase can be seen from how the writer presents the ideas. Quotation is
presenting another person works while, paraphrasing is presenting another
person idea by different words and structure that reflected to the understanding
of the writer. Bazerman. C (2004, p88) states that paraphrase is reproduce
the meaning of the original but in words that reflect the authors understanding,
interpretation, or spin on the original.
The all quoted examples and its explanations below can show the
difference between acceptable paraphrase and unacceptable paraphrase
(paraphrasing improperly) presented by guidelines from The University of
British Columbia
(1999) as cited by Satanto. L, et al (2007, p. 63):
1. Original version:
The starting point for the Clinton administrations review of policy

toward the Ukraine was the Lisbon Protocol, which required that
Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakstan eliminate all the nuclear weapons
located on their territories (Goodby, 1998: 78).
2. Example of plagiarized version (improperly paraphrasing):
Clinton began his review of policy with the Lisbon Protocol,

which made three former Soviet Republics destroy the nuclear
weapons in their powers.
This version is unacceptable because there are distinctive words and
aspects of structure which are borrowed without quotation marks, such
as review of policy and which the nuclear weapons In the
clause which powers, the structure is exactly the same as which
territories. Moreover, the source (Goodby, 1998: 78) in not cited.
3. Example of acceptable paraphrase:
When the Clinton administration came into power, it was

necessary to perform a review of policy (Goodby, 1998: 78)
regarding Ukraine and two other surrounding countries, Belarus

and Kazakstan, of their nuclear weapons. This was part of what
was known as the Lisbon Protocol.
The words of review of policy in the above paraphrase are put in
quotation marks because they are distinctive (the cited authors
specific words). The phrase nuclear weapon is used without quotation
marks because it is a common phrase, and the structure of the sentence
is different from the original version.
H. Identifying Plagiarism
UCL Plagiarism Advice as cited in Petunjuk Teknis Pencegahan Plagiat of
Education University of Indonesia (n.d.) gives some advice to detect plagiarism
in writing academic work, as follow:
1. There are some different internals within the content such as writing
style, spelling, punctuations, the using of font, italic, language,
grammar and structure of the sentence.
2. The quality of submitted work is different as usual.
3. There are several parts which not synchronize. For example: in any
part is used format of APA and in the other part is used format of
MLA.
4. There are hiding sources which should be appeared but not appear.
5. There are sentences which is not supported each other.
6. Reference is not sufficient
I. Factors of plagiarism
The improvement of information through printed or digital source
contributes more significant to the increasing of academic process. Students

while doing their academic work are easily to get more information especially
thorough internet access. It can contribute to the effectiveness on finishing their
academic work. In this circumstance, the possibility of student to plagiarize is
getting bigger. Moreover, lack of information of plagiarism among students may
contribute to the possibility of plagiarism occurred on their academic work.
Basically there are two factors that cause students to commit plagiarism
they are internal factors and external factors. As mentioned by Comas and
Sureda (2008, p.3) that students commit plagiarism factor can be caused due to
two reasons, namely 'Intrasystem factor' and Extrasystem factor 2 .
Intrasystem factor includes:
1. Lack of relationship between lecture and students;
2. Lack of understanding of writing reference;
3. Lack of understanding of the subjects which is studied;
4. Lot of the subjects which programmed;
5. Unable to manage time well;
6. Lack of understanding of the task which is given;
7. There is not clear rule about plagiarism;
8. Behaviour of consumerism of the students;
9. Efforts in the field of life economics students ( student work );
10. Easy to plagiarize through ICT;
2 The explanation is paraphrased by the writer and presented point per point as
like Comas and Sureda have written on their journal entitled Academic Cyber
Plagiarism.

11. Lack of cooperation and coordination between students and the
teaching team;
12. Lack of understanding of plagiarism.
While extrasystem factor include:
1. Assumption in the community that the Internet and all the content
belong to everyone and can be used freely.
2. Social model ( relating to culture ).
3. Factor associated with the generation of "video clip" (culture mimics)
which done all the things that instantly causes a decrease in the depth
of thinking .
4. Number of examples of social daily life that show bad behaviour.
On the other hand Simkin and Leod (2009) in the journal of business ethic
entitled "Why do college students cheat" doing research on the culture of
cheating against students who work and who do not work. They found that
students who work are more likely to commit acts of cheating than the students
who not work. In spite of that, they found that willing to go ahead and unwilling
to failure become the fundamental reasons of why do students cheat.
G. Citation Format
Citation or Referencing is a way to write other people's ideas or theories of
the sources that have taken. "Referencing is a standardized way of
acknowledging sources of information and ideas that you have used in your

assignments and roomates Allows the sources to be-identified" ( University of
Queensland , 2009). There are many citations style that can be used e.g. APA,
Harvard, MLA, Chicago etc. Both of APA and Harvard is always called Author
Date documentation which written by the same way.
This research will refer to APA and MLA referencing format to decide
incorrectly documentation strategy in order to decide unintentional plagiarism
occurs in writing academic work which is written by the students.
Below, will be presented the model of recomended reference format of
APA and MLA that has been quoted and adopted from Fowler (2003) on his
online article entitiled Avoiding Unintentional Plagiarism 3.
1. APA (American Psychological Association)
a. APA in-text citation example of direct quote:
Quotations must reproduce the original source word for word (Stern,
2007, p. 19).
b. APA in-text citation example of a paraphrased sentence:
Stern (2007) states if you use a direct quote in a paper, you must cite the
original work.
c. APA referrencing and citing example:
Reference by one Author
Doe, A. L. (2004). How to write your papers: Common styles.

Athens, OH: Free Press.
In-text citation
3 The materials are allowed to be quoted for academic purposes

Doe (2004) indicates that students do not know how to use APA style
correctly.
Reference by two author or more:
Doe, A. L., & Smith, J. K. (2005). Why do we have to use APA style
when we write papers. Boston: Open Press.
In-text citation
Doe and Smith (2005) report that few students use APA style
correctly when they write their papers.
Or
Only a few students use APA style correctly when they write their
papers (Doe & Smith,2005).
Reference by three authors or more:
Doe, A. L., Calm, S. A., & Smith, J. K. (2005). Why do we have to

use APA style when we write papers. Boston: Open Press.
In-Text Citation for this reference first time

Doe, Calm and Smith (2005) report that few students use APA style
correctly when they write their papers. Or
Only a few students use APA style correctly when they write
their papers (Doe, Calm & Smith, 2005).
In-Text Citation for this reference after first time
Doe, et al. (2005) reported that few students use APA style correctly
when they. Or
Only a few students use APA style correctly when they write their
papers (Doe, et al., 2005).
Reference of journal Article by one author:
Doe, A. L. (2005). How to use APA style correctly in your paper.

Writing Style for All, 8, 155-165.
In-Text Citation for this reference

Anderson (2007) states, All material taken directly from any other
document must be enclosed in quotation marks (p. 16).
Or
A common practice and method for avoiding academic dishonesty is
that all material taken directly from any other document must be
enclosed in quotation marks (Anderson, 2007, p. 16).
Article in an Internet-only newsletter :
Smith, J. (2003, June). Why students need to know how to use APA
styleProject updated. Campus News, 4. Retrieved September
25, 2004, from
http://www.campuslife.net/20030605/newsletter/234g.html In-
text Citation for this reference:
Smith (2003) states that students often do not see the advantages to
citing sources.
Or
Students do not realize the benefits of using citations (Smith, 2003,

p. 1) when they write.
2. MLA (Modern Language Association)
a. MLA in-text citation example of direct quote:

Quotations must reproduce the original source word for word (Stern 19).
b. MLA in-text citation example of paraphrase sentence:

Stern states if you use a direct quote in a paper, you must cite the original
work (19).
c. MLA referrencing and citing example:

Reference of book by one Author
Doe, Amy L. How to Write Your Papers: Common Styles. Boston:
Hocking, 2005.
In-text citation
Amy Doe indicates that students do not know how to use MLA style
correctly (45).

Or
Students do not know how to use MLA style correctly (Doe 45).
Reference of book by two Author or more:
Doe, Amy L., and John Smith. Why Do We Have to Use MLA Style
When We Write Papers? New York: Open P, 2005.
In-text citation for this reference

Amy Doe and John Smith report that few students use MLA style
correctly when they write their papers (15).
Or
Few students use APA style correctly when they write their papers
(Doe and Smith 15).
Reference of journal Article by one author:

Doe, Amy L. How to Use MLA Style Correctly in Your
Paper.Writing Style for All 8 (2005): 155-165.
In-Text Citation for this reference

Amy Doe states, All material taken directly from any other
document must be enclosed in quotation marks (16).
Or
A common practice and method for avoiding academic dishonesty is
that all material taken directly from any other document must be
enclosed in quotation marks (Doe 156).
Article in an Internet-only newsletter :
Smith, John. Why Students Need to Know How to Use MLA

Style. Campus News on the Web 4 April 2003. 25 Sep.
2006
<http://www.campuslife.net/20030605/newsletter/234g.html>
. In-text Citation for this reference:
John Smith suggests that students do not understand the advantages

of using citations. Or
Students do not realize the benefits of using citations (Smith 5)

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Method
This research was a qualitative research that in collecting, analyzing and
presenting the data were done objectively toward improperly citation, quotation
and paraphrasing within the students thesis of English education study program
of Dayanu Ikhsanuddin University especially in the period of 2013. Therefore,
the method that applied in this research was case study.
B. Source of the Data
1. Primary Data
The primer data while conducting this research was document in the
form of academic work. In this case, academic work in this research was
only the thesis. Sugiono (2010) claims that Sumber primer adalah sumber
data yang langsung memberikan data kepada pengumpul data (p. 402).
The thesis that was taken on this research was the thesis of the last student
of the English education study program during the period of 2013 which
has been submitted at the library of Dayanu Ikhsanudin University. It was
encountered that there were 198 of thesis which has been submitted. The
reason on taking only the thesis in the period of 2013 was because the
aggregation of thesis in the form of CD (soft-file) had begun to be
submitted during the period of 2013. Soft-file of the thesis important on

this research because this research involved the internet as the seconder
data.
2. Secondary Data.
Sugiono (2010) states that Sumber sekunder adalah sumber yang
tidak langsung memberikan data kepada pengumpul data(p. 402). To
consider that the forms of unintentional plagiarism such as paraphrase
cannot be identified manually without the presence of original source
(literature book). Therefore, this research decided the internet as the data
seconder. Internet was used as the tool to detect plagiarism and also to
identify source of reference of the thesis.
C. Instrument and Technique of Data Collection
The key instrument of this research was the researcher himself. Therefore,
in collecting the data the researcher observed the content of the thesis which
includes improperly citation, quotation and paraphrase. The failing form of the
content was investigated to decide plagiarism occurred. Investigation involved
some procedures of analysis, they were manual scanning (the writer scanned the
content manually) and internet analysis (the quotation text was uploaded to
internet to identify the original source).
D. Technique of Data Analysis
The technique of data analysis in this research adopted analysis model of

Miles and Huberman. As explained by Huberman (1984) as cited in Sugiono
(2010) that the activity of data analysis was analyzed continuously until the data
was saturated (p. 430). Continuously, Sugiono (2010, pp. 430-438) noted that the
technique of data analysis by Miles and Huberman consist of some procedures,
they were (1) data reduction; during the research, there were many data would be
encountered. The researcher was suggested to reduce the data by considered the
focus of the research. Data reduction means, summarising the data, selecting and
focussing only to the basic data and trying to find out the pattern of the data and
throwing up unimportant data; (2) data display; Miles and Huberman (1984) as
cited in sugiono (2010) the most frequent form of display data for qualitative
research data in the past has been narrative text(p. 434). Therefore, this research
displayed the data in the form of descriptive text; (3) conclusion drawing/
verification

CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
A. FINDINGS
1. Improperly Citation
Many cases of improperly citation occurred in the thesis. It had been
verified by the referencing system that adopted and obtained that the thesis were
following an author-date system (APA style or Harvard style). It could be
identified by observing the form of citation e.g. authors name before year of
publication. Improperly citation occurred when the thesis had failing to follow
the citation rules that apply in APA style. In this case, the forms of improperly
citation within the thesis could be specified into several forms, as follow:
a. Cite in the Text without Reference
In this case, the full information of reference idea was
unacknowledged in bibliography although in-text citations were written
correctly. The evidence could be found in the thesis of L1 ( 2013, p. 10), as
following quotation:
Rusman (2006) in Rinawati (2007: 4) concluded that the

technique of strip story
Anida Ratna Sari (2003 : 52) concluded that the mistake
made by student
Iryanti (1998) in Husnul Hastimah (2007 : 4) added that in
that student know well about something

Muadin (1994) in Rinawati (2007 : 4) concluded a
research on the difficult
The above quotation shown that, L1 quoted the idea of several authors,
instead Rusman, Anida Ratna Sari, Iryanti and Muadin. Rusman (2006) in
Rinawati (2007:4) and Muadin (1994) in Rinawati (2007 : 4) meant
that L1 quoted the idea of Rusman and Muadin as quoted by
Rinawati.
In this case, L1 referred to the book of Rinawati and found the idea of
Rusman and Muadin in Rinawatis book.
Then, to the next paragraph L1 also wrote: Anida Ratna Sari (2003 :
52) concluded that the mistake made by student which means that L1
paraphrased the idea of Anida Ratna Sari and incorporated the idea by
presenting it by L1 own words. L1 also cited where the idea could be
relocated by referring to the page of bracket year. In this case, L1 must also
be given fully information of reference book which should be occurred in
bibliography.
The same case also occurred in the next paragraph e.g. Iryanti (1998)
in Husnul Hastimah (2007 : 4) added that in that student know well about
something which meant that L1 incorporated Iryantis idea which was
quoted on the book of Husnul Hastimah so the book should also be
acknowledged in bibliography. What the researcher found was contrary,
because the four of ideas above, unacknowledged by L1 in bibliography. In
the other hand, L1 may considered as plagiarist, because L1 quoted the idea

of above authors without giving further information about the reference
book into bibliography, so in-text citation that L1 made was useless,
considered that every in-text citations were made as a sign for referring to
the complete information occurred in bibliography. In this case L1 had
failing to acknowledge the source of information in the bibliography of his
thesis (see appendix. 2).
Based on the Bibliography of L1, it was clear that L1 only
acknowledged several authors, as follow:

Allen, Edward David and Rebecca. Mond, Linda and
Gulthon,
M (1977)
Linda (2006)
Arikunto, Suharsimi (1995)
Emalia Iragiliati
Allen, Virginia French (1983)
Harmer, Jeremy (1983)
Brown, Leslay (1993)
Hornby, AS, et al (1963)
Baker, Collin (1992)
Hansen Jumew, et al (1972)
Cariols (1961)
Oxford University press (1973)
Assessment Research and
Patiung, Dainaris (2001)
application
The quotation only showed several names but the quoted idea from
Rinawati (2007: 4), Anida Ratna Sari (2003 : 52), and Husnul
Hastimah (2007 : 4) were not exist in bibliography. It proved that the
quoted ideas which borrowed were plagiarism.
The same case also was found in the thesis of N6 (2013, p.13) as

Willis (1960) argued that writing is one of mans activities, its purpose
White (1987:1) defined writing as a discovery process, it involves

Based on quotation above, N6 was quoted the ideas of Willis and
White in the form of paraphrase which meant that N6 presented the ideas by
her own words. N6 also cited the source of idea by giving in-text citation
before the ideas which referred to complete information of the source which
would be written in bibliography. In other words, N6 had the duty to put
complete information in bibliography if she wanted to make proper citation.
But, what the writer found was contrary that the quoted ideas from Willis
and White were not acknowledged by N6 on her thesis bibliography (See
appendix: 4).
Based on the Bibliography of N6, it was clear that N6 only
acknowledged several authors, as follow:
Anonym, 1999. FJ New, Mayer. 2006.
Arikunto,Suharsimi.1987 Fries, C, 1952.
Baker, George P. 1992. Hayati Rita, 2010.
Beaumont, Digby. 1997. Hollowell, Ida. Et.al. 1981.
David, B. 2009. Hormby, A.S. 1974.
Depdiknas. 2003. Littlejohn, A. 2009.
Kurikulum 2004 Michael, Halliday. 2006.
Nilmawati Wa Ode. 2007. Rianto Slamet, NH Emilia, NH
Leila. 2009.
Samsuri. 1987. Senduc. 1993.
Tarigan, Henry Guntur, 1990. Tollefson, S. K. 1988.

Watkins, B. T. 1990. Zandvoort, R. W. 1977.
From the quotation above, it could be seen that the source information
of Willis and White were not found. The writer could give assumption that
N6 was careless on citing the source of quoted ideas.
From the findings interpretation above, show that L1 and N6 had
cited some ideas but not giving further citation in bibliography. In this case
L1 and N6 had identified plagiarize toward the quoted ideas. It was surely to
be proper if L1 and N6 cited the source in bibliography.
b. Citing the URL in the text
As explained in the previous chapter that citing the URL in the body of
the text was forbidden except the writer provided the Authors name before
the URL or placed the URL in the footnotes. Many of thesis was simply
placed the URL after the ideas without giving further information about the
source. Moreover, the ideas that found were direct quotation. The case could
be found within the thesis of F3 (2013, p. 7) as following quotation:
Syntax is the study of the rules whereby words or other elements

of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentence.
Besides that, it is also said that syntax is a system used to generate
lexical and syntactic analyzers (parsers) (both deterministic and
non-deterministic) for all kind of context-free grammar (CFG) as
well as some classes of contextual grammars. It is adopted from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/syntax.
Based on the quotation above, it could be analyzed that F3 adopted the
definition of syntax in Wikipedia, and placed the URL directly together with
the text without giving certain information about the idea, therefore it was
clear that F3 failed on citing the idea. Moreover, the idea that taken was a
direct quotation but F3 wrote it without quotation mark. It could be seen
from the second sentences which were quoted from Wikipedia. Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia (2014) explains that syntax is 4A system used to
generate lexical and syntactic analyzers (parsers) (both deterministic and
nondeterministic) for all kind of context-free grammars (CFG) as well as
some classes of contextual grammars.
From the findings, it could be seen that F3 had simply placed the URL
into the text and the quoted theory was written as a direct-quotation without
indicated by quotation mark. Therefore, it was identified that F3 had failing
in citation. It was surely to be proper if F3 not citing the URL in the text
and giving mark if it a direct quotation. The following quotation was
presented proper citation from the thesis of F3 (citation corrected by the
researcher), as follow:
Syntax is the study of the rules whereby words or other elements

of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentence.
Besides that Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (March, 2013)
explains that syntax is a system used to generate lexical and
syntactic analyzers (parsers) (both deterministic and
nondeterministic) for all kind of context-free grammar (CFG) as
well as some classes of contextual grammars.
The proper quotation above shows that the quoted idea from Wikipedia
was marked by quotation mark and the source of information (Wikipedia)
was acknowledged.
4 SYNTAX. (2013, March 17). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved

22:43, August 8, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=SYNTAX&oldid=544945212

c. Poorly Citation of Internet Source in Bibliography
In this way, the writer had failing to cite information of internet
sources in bibliography which should be consist of the authors name, date
of publication, title of the material, and date retrieval. Many of thesis found
just placed the URL without followed by enough information about the
source. As stated in the previous chapter that information from internet
source should be acknowledged properly as many as possible, therefore it
could be decided that any citation which only put the URL of the cited
source was improperly. The case can be found in the bibliography of E6 as
the following quotation:
.
Hilgard, R. Ernest, 1957. Introduction to Psychology. Second Edition,
Harcourt, Brace and Company: USA.
Hutabarat, E. P, 1988. Cara Belajar, PT. BPK, Gunung Mulia: Jakarta.
http://bahasa.kompasiana.com/2011/12/17/sekilas-perbedaan-
pemakaianbahasa-pria-dan-bahasa-wanita-422804.html
http://www.psychologymania.com/2012/03/perbedaan-emosi-antara-
lakilaki-dan-perempuan.html .
The quotation above was taken from the bibliography of E6 which
showed that E6 incorporated some materials from internet source and
simply placed the URL whereas name, title and date of the materials were
not included. Besides that the written reference of printed source were
written incorrectly where E6 wrote publisher before place of publication.
The writer assumed that E6 had lack of understanding of how to write
citation in bibliography.

The same case also occurred in the bibliography of S5, as following
quotation:
.
Samarin, 1998. Metode Penelitian. Jakarta:Gramedia Pustaka.
Wardahaugh, Ronald. 1922. An introduction to Sociolinguistics Second
Edition. Oxford: Blackwell.
http://coursesessex.ac.u/lg/lg232/DefinitionsSlx.html
http://duniaroy.blogspot.com//2000/09/sclamatikabahsa.Jawa.html
http://ipH.manoa.hawaii.edu/indoneian/about/bahasa-indonesia-
theindonesian-language/ .
The findings bibliography from the thesis of E6 and S5 show that E6
and S5 were simply put the URL without giving further source information
instead name of the author, year of posted, title, and time of retrieval.
Bellow was presented the proper citation of internet source from
bibliography of E6, as follow (citation was corrected by the researcher):
.
Hilgard, R. Ernest. (1957). Introduction to Psychology. 2nd eds. USA:
Harcourt, Brace and Company.
Hutabarat, E. P. (1988). Cara Belajar. Jakarta : PT. BPK, Gunung Mulia.
Prayogi, Icuk. (December, 2011). Sekilas Perbedaan Pemakaian
Bahasa Pria dan Bahasa Wanita. Retrieved August 8, 2014
from:http://bahasa.kompasiana.com/2011/12/17/sekilas-
perbedaanpemakaian-bahasa-pria-dan-bahasa-wanita-422804.html
Dalam Kehidupan5. (n.d.). Perbedaan Emosi antara Laki-Laki dan
Perempuan (Emosi dan Gender). Retrieved August 8, 2014 from:
http://www.psychologymania.com/2012/03/perbedaan-emosiantara-
laki-laki-dan-perempuan.html
.
The above quotation was following APA style which showed that
internet source were written properly by providing the information of the
5 The opening words of 1 st paragraph from the article are used if name of the
author is not provided.

source such as name of the writer, the title of the quoted material, date of
posted and date of retrival.
2. Improperly Quotation
As stated in the previous chapter that, a direct quotation should always
be indicated by quotation mark, which meant that the quoted information
was not the authors exact words. Many cases of improperly quotation also
occurred within thesis. In this case, many thesis had failing in writing
quotation. The case can be specified into several forms, as follow:
a. Quoting Another Persons Exact Words Without Citation
The case can be found in the thesis of V2 (2013, pp. 26-27), as
The idea of pronunciation learning being somehow dependent on

the age has been supported by some the researchers who claim that
language learning has a sensitive period and that after a certain age
people lose some abilities. This certain age is said to be between ten
and thirteen years. Pronunciation is one area where the younger-
isbetter assumption may have validity. Research has found that the
earlier a learner begins a second language, the more native-like the
accent he or she develops. (pp. 26-27)
Based on quotation above, V2 quoted directly the ideas and theory
without indicated by proper mark. In this case, V2 simply copied the
related theories from the work of Simona (2007) entitled Some Aspect of
Assessing Pronunciation in EFL Clases 6 that can be retrieved easily by the
Internet. It was presented as following quotation:

6 Simona. (2007). Some aspects of assessing pronunciation in EFL classes. (Diploma Thesis).
Department Of English Language and Literature. Faculty of Education. Masaryk University. Brno,
Czech Republic . Retrieved 1/8/2014 from: http://is.muni.cz/th/80460/pedf_m/Final_thesis.txt

The idea of pronunciation learning being somehow dependent on
the age has been supported by some researchers who claim that
language learning has a sensitive period and that after a certain age
people lose some abilities. This certain age is said to be between ten
and thirteen years. (Kenworthy, 1987, p. 6) The age-relation is
supported also by others:
Pronunciation is one area where the younger-is-better
assumption may have validity. Research (e.g., Oyama, 1976)
has found that the earlier a learner begins a second language,
the more native-like the accent he or she develops. (Simmona,
2007)
The same case was also found in the thesis of A1, as follow:
Toys and play in general, are important when the children comes to
growing up and learning about the world around us. The young uses
toys and play to discover their identity, help their bodies grow
strong, learn cause and effect, explore relationships, and practice
skills they will need as adults. Adults use toys and play to form and
strengthen social bonds, teach, remember and reinforce lessons
from their youth, discover their identity, exercise their minds and
bodies, explore relationships, practice skills, and decorate their
living spaces.
If the above quotation was compared to the quoted ideas from
Wikipedia7, it could be seen that A1 were simply copy-paste the ideas
without given any citation and presented it as like his own words. Bellow
was presented the quoted ideas of toys from Wikipedia the free
encyclopedia, as follow:
Toys, and play in general, are important when it comes to growing

up and learning about the world around us. The young use toys and
play to discover their identity, help their bodies grow strong, learn
cause and effect, explore relationships, and practice skills they will
need as adults. Adults use toys and play to form and strengthen
social bonds, teach, remember and reinforce lessons from their
7 Toys. (last modified on 7 July 2014). In Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.

Retrieved June 28, 2014 from: "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Toy&oldid=616005391"

youth, discover their identity, exercise their minds and bodies,
explore relationships, practice skills, and decorate their living
spaces.
Based on the interpretation above, it could be concluded that V2 and
A1 had been found quoting another persons exact word without giving any
citation. On that case, V2 and A1 were simply copied the ideas that they
found and presenting it as like their own idea. Therefore, the ideas that they
quoted were surely product of plagiarism. It would not be happen if the
ideas were given proper citation, in this pattern the research would also
present proper citation based on the quoted idea from A1 as follow
(citation was correct by the researcher):
Wikipedia, The free encyclopedia explains (July 2014):

Toys, and play in general, are important when it comes to
growing up and learning about the world around us. The young
use toys and play to discover their identity, help their bodies
grow strong, learn cause and effect, explore relationships, and
practice skills they will need as adults. Adults use toys and play
to form and strengthen social bonds, teach, remember and
reinforce lessons from their youth, discover their identity,
exercise their minds and bodies, explore relationships, practice
skills, and decorate their living spaces.
The above quotation was proper because the source information such
as name of the author (Wikipedia) was acknowledged.
b. Unmarked the Direct Quotation Although the Source Has Cited
The common types of unintentional plagiarism always occurred in
the form of direct quotation. In this case the plagiarist presented a direct
quotation without indicating by quotation mark although he or she was

correct in writing the citation. The case could be found in the thesis of A6
(2013, p.8) as following quotation:
Salameto (1999:71) statement, kehidupan masyarakat disekitar

siswa juga berpengaruh terhadap belajar siswa, seperti kondisi
masyarakat yang kurang atau tidak terpelajar, penjudi, suka mencuri
dan mempunyai kebiasaan yang tidak baik, akan mempengaruhi
kepada anak (siswa) yang berada di lingkungan tersebut. Anak
tertarik ikut berbuat seperti yang dilakukan orang-orang di
sekitarnya.
In the above quotation, A6 were quoting the idea of Slameto which
talking about the influence of environment to the students development. In
this case, A6 quoted the ideas directly by acknowledged the name of
Slameto and provided year of publication and page which refer to the
location of the quoted idea. But unfortunately, A6 didnt give any quotation
mark around of the idea or made it in the new different paragraph. It could
be decided that A6 was improperly in quoting Slametos idea, in the other
words this pattern considered as product of plagiarism.
The same case could also be found in the thesis of I3 which the
quoted idea was not indicated by quotation mark and the bracket year
wasnt be written, as following quotation:
Similarity, Tarigan ..Bahwa yang dimaksud dengan istilah

linguistic (contrative linguistic) adalah ilmu bahasa yang meneliti
perbedaan-perbedaan, ketidaksamaan yang terdapat dalam 2
bahasa atau lebih secara sepintas lalu mungkin kita dapat
samakan dengan comparative linguistic atau linguistic
comparative.
As shown in the above findings that A6 and I3 were quoting another
persons exact words directly without giving any mark. However, A6 and
I3 had cited the source properly but in fact they were failing to put

quotation mark around the quoted idea. It would not be happen if the
quoted ideas were marked properly, in this case the writer presented the
proper citation toward the ideas from the thesis of A6 (citation was
corrected by the researcher), as follow:
Slameto (1999:71) claims that:
Kehidupan masyarakat disekitar siswa juga berpengaruh

terhadap belajar siswa, seperti kondisi masyarakat yang
kurang atau tidak terpelajar, penjudi, suka mencuri dan
mempunyai kebiasaan yang tidak baik, akan mempengaruhi
kepada anak (siswa) yang berada di lingkungan tersebut. Anak
tertarik ikut berbuat seperti yang dilakukan orang-orang di
sekitarnya.
The above quotation was proper because the theory of Slameto was
quoted directly by more than four lines idea. Therefore, the quotation were
written in the new paragraph by using one spacing and italic font which
meant that the idea was a foreign language.
3. Improperly Paraphrasing
Improperly paraphrasing was the case that very difficult to be proved.
However, many paraphrases that had been scanned seems like to be useless
without the existence of original source. As stated in the previous chapter that
paraphrase is a way to cite another persons idea by difference words, phrases,
and structure which refer to the writers understanding about the original idea.
In deciding an improperly paraphrasing, the researcher needed to retrieve the
original source by referring to the bibliography of the thesis however many of
paraphrased that we gathered were poorly in citation (improperly citation) as
founded in the thesis of A4, M3 and S4.

In relation with this case Nurcahyo, Priyadi (May, 2007) 8 suggested:
Untuk melakukan kegiatan plagiarisme, cara termudah adalah dengan
mencari tulisan di Internet. Untuk itu, untuk mendeteksi plagiarisme, cara
paling mudah adalah juga melalui Internet. Continuously he noted that, to
detect plagiarism by internet can be done by copying the suspicious text and
pasting it to google search engine. Google will show the matched materials
from difference source instead, book, journals, blog, news, picture, etc. By
refer to this way, it can be found that A4, M3 and S4 failed in paraphrasing.
The result will be discussed, as follow:
a. Secondhand Paraphrase
Second hand paraphrase meant that the plagiarist incorporated an
idea that had been paraphrased by another author. In this way, the plagiarist
only quoted the paraphrased idea directly from any source without
referring to the original source. It could be found from the thesis of A4
(2013, p.6), as following quotation:
Hymes (1974) has proposed and ethonographic framework

which takes into account the various factors that are involved in
speaking. An ethnography of a communicative event is a
description of all the factors that are involved in speaking. An
ethnography of a communicative event is a description of all the
factors that are relevant in understanding how that particular
communicative event achieves its objectives.
8 Nurcahyo, Priyadi. (May, 2007). Uji Google untuk Mendeteksi Plagiarisme.

Web Blog. Retrieved August 20, 2014 from:
http://priyadi.net/archives/2007/05/17/uji-google-untukmendeteksi-plagiarisme/

After the above quotation was copied and pasted into search engine,
the result shown that, the quotation had similarity with the paraphrase of
Wardaugh, R (2010)9 in the theory of Hymes, as following quotation:
Hymes (1974) has proposed an ethnographic framework which

takes into account the various factors that are involved in
speaking. An ethnography of a communication event is a
description of all the factors that are relevant in understanding
how that particular communicative event achieves its objectives.
For convenience, Hymes uses the word SPEAKING as an
acronym for the various factors he deems to be relevant. We will
now consider these factors one by one.
If the above quotation was compared with the quotation of A4, the
writer could give perception that A4 were not reading the original idea of
Hymes but he only quoting the theory that had been paraphrased by
Wardaugh. In other words, A4 presented the words of Wardaugh about the
theory of Hymes and presented it in the form of paraphrase as like A4 had
read the original theory of Hymes before.
At the same case also found in the thesis of M3 (2013, p.17) as follow:
According to Priest (1997) that outdoor learning is inherently

relevant to students because they are personally and
experientially challenged by the situation present. In many
situations, their comfort level is disrupted and they have to make
choices that immediately affect them.
9 Wardaugh, Ronald. (2010). An Introduction to Sociolinguistic (6th eds.). p. 45.

United Kingdom: Willey-Blackwell. (Accessed in google book).

After the above quotation was copied and pasted into search engine,
the result shown that, the quotation had similarity with the paraphrase of
Taniguchi, S.T10 (2004) in the theory of Priest, as following quotation:
variety of activities that can provide meaningful experiences.

Outdoor education is inherently relevant to students because they
are personally and experientially challenged by the situation
presented (Priest, 1977). In many situations, their comfort level
is disrupted and they have to make choices that immediately
affect them. Outdoor education creates event that put students
into problem solving predicaments and the decisions they
If the above quotation compared with the paraphrased of M3, it could
be seen that M3 was simply coping what Tanaguchi, said about the theory
of priest, in the other word M3 just presented Tanaguchi exact word
without giving any mark, or explanation that the quoted idea was not M3
own words.
By seeing the interpretation of secondhand paraphrase, the writer
assumed that the understanding of A4 and M3 about plagiarism seems lack
because A4 and M3 were trying to incorporate another persons exact
paraphrase directly which is likely to be considered as plagiarist. If they
were aware about these issues, they would try to avoid it by presenting the
ideas by their own words.
b. Inter-language Paraphrase (Inter-language Plagiarism)

10 Taniguchi, Stacy T. (2004). Outdoor Education and Meaningful Learning: Finding the Attributes
of Meaningful Learning Experiences in an Outdoor Education Program. A dissertation submitted to
the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy. Department of Educational Leadership and Foundations Brigham Young
University. Retrieved August 20, 2014, from: http://www.deltastate.edu/PDFFiles/hper%20outdoor
%20program/Marywood/OUTDOOR%20ED UCATION%20AND%20MEANINGFUL
%20LEARNING.pdf

In the case of Inter-language paraphrase, the plagiarist simply
translated another persons idea in different language. In this case, the idea
in different language was translated into the language of plagiarist certainly
by his or her own words. The case could be found in the thesis of S4 (2013,
p.6) as following quotation:
Then, according Drs. Dyimyati Mahmud (1982):

Minat adalah sebagai sebab yaitu kekuatan pendorong yang memaksa
seseorang menaruh perhatian pada orang situasi atau aktifitas tertentu
dan bukan pada yang lain, atau minat sebagai akibat yaitu pengalamn
efektif yang distimular oleh hadirnya seseorang atau sesuatu obyek, atau
karena berpartisipasi dalam suatu aktifitas.
Based these interest definition above, interest have consist of some
element, such as:
1. Interest is a certain symptom of psychological.
2. There are centralization of attention, feeling and thinking by subject
because interest.
3. There are happy feeling to an object which to be a target of subject
because interst.
4. There are desirability or tendency in subject self to arrange of activity
in order to achieve theirs aim.
Based some interest definition by expert above, it concluded that interest
is a symptom of psychological that indicated subject interest to an object
that to be a target because its object is very interest and make happy
feeling so that tendency to an object.
http://belajarpsikologi.com/pengertian-minat/ acces on 30 July 2013.
Based on above quotation, S4 quoted the Dyimayantis theory about
interest, she also gave some explanations, and he summarized about the
quoted theory. Besides that, S4 simply placed the URL after the text which
referred to location of the quoted idea. It was clear that S4 had poorly in
citation. However, the focus of this case was to analyzed if the above
material was truly represented the ideas of S4 or not. Therefore, by refered
to the URL lead the writer to retrieve the original source of the quoted idea,
as follow:
Sedangkan menurut Drs. Dyimyati Mahmud (1982), Minat dalah
sebagai sebab yaitu kekuatan pendorong yang memaksa seseorang
menaruh perhatian pada orang situasi atau aktifitas tertentu dan bukan
pada yang lain, atau minat sebagai akibat yaitu pengalaman efektif
yang distimular oleh hadirnya seseorang atau sesuatu obyek, atau
karena berpartisipasi dalam suatu aktifitas.
Berdasarkan definisi minat tersebut dapatlah penulis kemukakan bahwa
minat mengandung unsur-unsur sebagai berikut:
1. Minat adalah suatu gejala psikologis
2. Adanya pemusatan perhatian, perasaan dan pikiran dari subyek
karena tertarik.
3. Adanya perasaan senang terhadap obyek yang menjadi
sasaran
4. Adanya kemauan atau kecenderungan pada diri subyek
untuk melakukan kegiatan guna mencapai tujuan.
Berdasarkan beberapa Pengertian Minat menurut alhi tersebut penulis
simpulkan bahwa minat adalah gejala psikologis yang menunjukan
bahwa minat adanya pengertian subyek terhadap obyek yang menjadi
sasaran karena obyek tersebut menarik perhatian dan menimbulkan
perasaan senang sehingga cenderung kepada obyek tersebut.11
If the both quotations compared, it could be seen that S4 was only
translating almost the article into English which meant that the quoted idea
from the thesis of S4 was only product of plagiarism which refer to
interlanguage plagiarism.
The comparison of both quotations could be seen as following table:
Table 1: Comparison Between S4 and Haryanto

Prgrph S4 Original source
1 Then, according Drs. Dyimyati Sedangkan menurut Drs. Dyimyati
Mahmud (1982): Mahmud (1982),
11 Material posted by' Haryanto, S.Pd on December 23, 2010 entitled

Pengertian Minat Belajar from Belajarpsikologi.com a web page of
Media belajar ilmu psikologi dan bimbingankonseling. Retrieved August 20,
2014, from: http://belajarpsikologi.com/pengertianminat/

2 Based these interest definition Berdasarkan definisi minat tersebut
above, interest have consist of dapatlah penulis kemukakan bahwa
some element, such as: minat mengandung unsur-unsur sebagai
1.Interest is a certain symptom of berikut:
psychological. 1.Minat adalah suatu gejala psikologis
2.There are centralization of2.Adanya pemusatan perhatian, perasaan
attention, feeling and thinking by dan pikiran dari subyek karena tertarik.
subject because interest. 3.Adanya perasaan senang terhadap
3.There are happy feeling to an object obyek yang menjadi sasaran
which to be a target of subject 4.Adanya kemauan
because interst. atau
4.There are desirability or tendency kecenderungan pada diri subyek
in subject self to arrange of untuk melakukan kegiatan guna
activity in order to achieve mencapai tujuan.
theirs aim.
3 Based some interest definition by Berdasarkan beberapa Pengertian Minat

expert above, it concluded that menurut alhi tersebut penulis simpulkan
interest is a symptom of bahwa minat adalah gejala psikologis
psychological that indicated yang menunjukan bahwa minat adanya
subject interest to an object that to pengertian subyek terhadap obyek yang
be a target because its object is
menjadi sasaran karena obyek tersebut
very interest and make happy
feeling so that tendency to an menarik perhatian dan menimbulkan
object. perasaan senang sehingga cenderung
kepada obyek tersebut.
The same case also found in the thesis of E2, as following quotation:
Cooperative learning model is one model of learning that

support contextual learning. Cooperative learning teaching
system can be defined as a system of work/ study groups are
structured. Included in this structure are the five basic elements,
they are: positive interdependence, individual responsibility,
personal interaction, and collaboration. It was taken from:
(http//akhmadsudrajat.wordpress.com//2008/07/31/cooperativele
arning/)
By referring to the URL that placed by E2 above, the writer found
that E2 had only translated the material from Emilidadiani without given

any proper citation, below will be presented the material from Emildadiani,
L. (2008) about cooperative learning model 12, as follow:
Model pembelajaran kooperatif merupakan salah satu model

pembelajaran yang mendukung pembelajaran kontekstual. Sistem
pembelajaran kooperatif dapat didefinisikan sebagai sistem kerja/
belajar kelompok yang terstruktur. Yang termasuk di dalam struktur ini
adalah lima unsur pokok (Johnson & Johnson, 1993), yaitu saling
ketergantungan positif, tanggung jawab individual, interaksi personal,
keahlian bekerja sama, dan proses kelompok.
The comparison of both quotations could be seen as following table:
Table 2: Comparison Between E2 and Emildadiani, N.

Sntnc. E2 Original source
1 Cooperative learning model is Model pembelajaran kooperatif merupakan
one model of learning that salah satu model pembelajaran yang
support contextual learning. mendukung pembelajaran kontekstual.
2 Cooperative learning teaching Sistem pembelajaran kooperatif dapat
system can be defined as a system didefinisikan sebagai sistem kerja/ belajar
of work/ study groups are kelompok yang terstruktur.
structured.
3 Included in this structure are the Yang termasuk di dalam struktur ini adalah
five basic elements, they are: lima unsur pokok (Johnson & Johnson,
positive interdependence, 1993), yaitu saling ketergantungan positif,
individual responsibility, tanggung jawab individual, interaksi
personal interaction, and personal, keahlian bekerja sama, dan proses
collaboration. kelompok.
The findings showed that S4 and E2 had simply translated another
persons ideas into English by only placed the URL after the text, the writer
assumed that S4 and E2 had tried to be honest on their works however they
didnt know of what they were doing was plagiarism. It could be assumed
that, S4 and E2 had lack of understanding about plagiarism and not really
know about how to write citation on an academic work.
12 Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif (Cooperative Learning) Teknik

Jigsaw by Novi Emildadiany in Pembelajaran Kooperatif (Cooperative
Learning) Teknik Jigsaw posted by Akhmad Sudrajat, M.Pd. (July 2008).
Retrieved August 24, 2014, from:
http://akhmadsudrajat.wordpress.com/2008/07/31/cooperative-learning-teknik-
jigsaw/

B. Discussion
This research raised the problem of unintentional plagiarism that occurred
within the content of the thesis. It could be specified into several types, they
were citation, quotation and paraphrase improperly. The findings show that
improperly citations were written into three difference forms. The forms were
citing in the text without reference, citing URL in the text and poor
bibliography citation of internet source. While, improperly quotation could be
found into two difference forms they were quoting another persons exact
words without citation and unmarked the direct quotation although the source
has cited. Then, improperly paraphrase could be found into two difference
forms, they were second hand paraphrase and inter-language paraphrase.
a. Improperly Citation within the thesis
Cite in the text without reference was a kind of plagiarism which
done by the writer unintentionally toward the certain ideas, theories, or
materials that had been referenced without the existence of full information
of the source which should be presented in the reference list or
bibliography.
Satanto. L, et al (2007) claims that in-text citation are not complete
without the presence of bibliography or reference list. For instance, if the
writer would like to cite in the text the ideas of Sugiono, he or she should
provide proper citation of the source in bibliography by following the rules
of referencing system that applied. In this research, the written thesis of
L1 and N6 had been found quoted some ideas by giving certain citation in

the text but not supported by full information that should be presented on
their thesis bibliography. It shows that student tend to be careless on
acknowledging the full information of the cited ideas on bibliography.
In relation with that, a handbook of MLA (2009, p. 55) claims that
plagiarism often happen when the writer Do not keep precise records of
their reading and direct to use the quoted material into their work paper.
Meanwhile, citing URL in the text is forbidden. According to
Franklin University Student Learning Guide (2005) as cited in Satanto. L,
et al (2007) proposes that the URL or the address of the on-line source
should not be placed in the body of the text (in-text citation) but only
occurs in the reference list. Therefore, writing citation of on-line source in
the text could be committed by the name of the author which meant that
the on-line Source was written as well as printed source. The tendency of
the written thesis on citing material from on-line source by placed the URL
in the body of the text shows that students are lacking of competence of
writing citation, moreover the cited ideas are presented as improperly
direct quotation, reinforcing this claim. Murray. N and Hughes. G (2008)
who state that failing to write citation is also kind of plagiarism (p. 47).
Poorly Citation of Internet Source in Bibliography means that the
writer had failing to cite information of internet sources in bibliography
which should be consist of the authors name, date of publication, title of
the material, and date retrieval. Many of thesis that found just simply

placed the URL without followed by enough information about the source.
The finding evidence from the thesis of F3 can be represented to explain
this form. As stated by Satanto. L, et al (2007) that information of the
internet source should be acknowledged properly and done as many as
possible. Therefore it could be decided that any citation which only put the
URL in bibliography is also plagiarism.
b. Improperly quotation within the thesis
Quoting another persons exact words without citation is also called
partial plagiarism or block, copy, paste plagiarism. In this way, the
plagiarist incorporated another persons exact words (theory, idea, or
opinion) into the thesis without indicated by quotation mark and the source
was not cited. As the example of this case, the findings thesis from V2 and
A1can be represented. Lako (2012) explains that partial plagiarism is
plagiarism which is done by taking some parts of body work of others
people in the form of theoretical basis, conclusion, discussion or methods
and incorporate them into the thesis without citing its source.
Unmarked the direct quotation although the source has cited is also
form of plagiarism. In this case, the presence of quotation mark is not
found. The principle of direct quotation especially in the body of the text is
marking the cited ideas of another person that used and acknowledging
accurate information about the source of the ideas e. g. the name of the
author, year of publication, and pages of located ideas. The research
findings from the thesis of A6 and I3 can show how this form occurred.

Bazerman. C (2004, p.88) claims Direct quotation is usually identified by
quotation marks, block indentation, italics, or other typographic setting
apart from the other words of the text. If the ideas or expression of others
occurs without any mark will be meant the expression is written as the idea
of the writer. It is kind of violation of the idea which means that the writer
is considered as plagiarist. It is also supported by Wray, et al (2006) as
cited in Nurhayati, et al (2009) that a direct quotation without indicated by
quotation marks is plagiarism.
c. Improperly Paraphrasing
The last type of unintentional plagiarism in this research was
paraphrasing improperly which specified into two forms, they were
secondhand paraphrase and inter-language paraphrase. In relation with the
findings of secondhand paraphrase, the thesis of A4 and M3 had been
found quoting directly another persons paraphrase by presenting it as their
own paraphrase. In other words, A4 and M3 had quoted directly another
person works which also refer to improperly quotation.
In relation with inter-language paraphrase or inter-language
plagiarism, Lako (2012) states that inter-language plagiarism is plagiarism
which is done by taking part or all of the foreign -language scientific
papers written by others and then translated it into plagiarists language. In
this case, some patterns from the thesis of E2 and S4 had considered as
product of plagiarism by simply translated materials that taken from
internet source. E2 and S4 had been found that they were simply translated

Indonesian material to English. The writer assumed that E2 and S4 had
committed plagiarism can be caused of lacking information of plagiarism
and not knowing of how to cite materials properly.
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
Based on explanation in the previous chapters, the writer formulates some
conclusions as the result of this research, as follow:
1. Improperly Citation is a kind of plagiarism which is frequently occurred
in the most of the thesis. Improperly citation can be occurred into three
forms. First, no reference included in bibliography; the thesis of L1 and

N6 have been identified quoted some ideas without giving further
information about the source of the ideas in bibliography. However, the
certain guidelines of citation which is applied in APA style or Harvard
style should be coherently refer to the synchronization between in-text
citation and bibliography. Second, citing the URL in the text. Another
case of improperly citation is place the URL in the text. In this case, the
thesis of F3 has also been identified incorporating material from internet
then simply placed the URL as in-text citation. Moreover, the most
internet material found is direct quotation without indicated by quotation
mark or in a single paragraph. Third is poorly citation of internet source
which can be found in the thesis of E6 and S5. These thesis have been
analyzed and identified that the internet materials that has been quoted
were not improper in bibliography citation, in this case the only URL was
simply placed without acknowledge more certain information about the
source.
2. The occurrence of improperly quotation shows that students have lack
competence in writing citation. The finding evidences can prove that
many of thesis were simply quoted direct material from any source
without followed by certain rules of writing citation. In this case, V2, A1,
A6 and I3 have been found plagiarize within the content of their thesis.
3. Improperly paraphrasing that found in this study can be specified into
two forms they are secondhand paraphrase and inter-language
paraphrase. The finding evidence found that the thesis of A4 and M3

have indicated committing plagiarism within the patterns of the thesis.
Meanwhile, A2, and S4 show that they simply translated materials they
need which considered that they are committing inter-language
paraphrase or interlanguage plagiarism. It shows that students on writing
their research thesis have lack information of plagiarism especially in the
form of improperly paraphrasing.
B. Suggestion
The writer humbly to put forward some suggestions and recommendation:
1. For the students; plagiarism is a kind of violation, therefore the students
should be aware of this issue, knowing how does it happens and how to
avoid it. By referring to the information and guidelines of writing citation
which provide in this thesis is also a good way to get enough
understanding of plagiarism.
2. For the next researcher; the writer suggests to the next researcher to be
honest and careful in writing a research thesis. It is recommended also to
read guidelines of writing citation to avoid plagiarism and any fault.
3. For lecturer; the writer suggests to the lecturer to always remind student
about plagiarism and pay attention to the reference used by the students
in their academic work.
4. For English Education department; to avoid plagiarism it is suggested to
set certain documentation style that should be followed by the students in
writing academic work.

5. Research recommendation; the writer hopes and suggests to the next
researcher to continue this research by focusing to the amount of
plagiarisms types occurred within the content of the thesis of students in
English education study program of Dayanu Ikhsanuddin University.
Besides that, the study of Plagiarism can also be focused to find out the
cause and the background of students plagiarized.
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

The increasing of academic dishonesty now days can be signalized as the

fact that the degradation in educations quality especially in Indonesia is quite

apprehensive. It can be looked from the case of academic violations which

case. One of them is plagiarism, which becomes part of academic dishonesty.

Commonly, plagiarism is taking identically another persons word,

sentences, idea or concept on anything forms, deliberately or accidentally by

somebody and acknowledged it as their own. In academic community,

plagiarism always happens in a form of written work of the students or tutors. It

is not easy to differentiate an academic work which plagiarism or non-

plagiarism, although we understand the way of writing. Because sometimes

plagiarize happens accidentally. According to Wray and Bloomer (2006) as cited

they are deliberate plagiarism and accidental plagiarism.

The phenomena of plagiarism among students are very difficult to be

proven. It needs scientific research to identify this phenomenon. In the other

Plagiarism in Writting Academic Work (Has been published in UNIDAYAN

of plagiarism on students thesis. Suwarjo, et al. (2012) in their research found

that, there are

1.260 thesis of graduated students at education faculty of State University of

Yogyakarta in the period of 2010-2011 identified as plagiarism.

Plagiarism is very harm. It is a kind of violation of intellectual property.

regulation of Education Ministry of Indonesia number 17, 2010 about plagiarism

In relation to the case of plagiarism, Satanto. L, et al (2007) noted that

plagiarism always occurs in the form of quotation, paraphrase (p.4), and

Based on writers personally experience in class situation for almost four

years, encountered therere many plagiarism actions which happen among

Plagiarism in Writting Academic Work (Has been published in UNIDAYAN

just copy-paste the appropriate information without attribute the sources

appropriately and acknowledge it as their original work.

some students in the English education study program at Dayanu Ikhsanunddin

work. It can be assumed that this happen because lack of information of

at Dayanu Ikhsanuddin University especially in the English education study

may indicate to plagiarize.

On writers pre-observation at the library of Dayanu Ikhsanudin

University, encountered that therere thesis which estimated plagiarize. The

Plagiarism in Writting Academic Work (Has been published in UNIDAYAN

of unintentional plagiarism in writing academic work is challenging.

Consequently, in this research the writer desires to prepare a study on identifying

types of unintentional plagiarism in writing academic work.

B. Focus and Sub Focuses

Unintentional plagiarism within the content of academic work (thesis).

This focus can be specified into sub focuses:

b. Improperly quotation; and

The main problem of this research is: How is unintentional plagiarism

within the content of academic work?

This problem can be specified into three specific problems, as follow:

a. How is the improperly paraphrasing occurs within the content of

b. How is the improperly quotation occurs within the content of academic

c. How is the improperly citation occurs within the content of academic

Plagiarism in Writting Academic Work (Has been published in UNIDAYAN

The signification of the research as follow:

1. Theoretically: the significance of this research are: (a) To inform and

content of academic work (b) showing and warning to the students

about unintentional plagiarism which possibly occurred within the

content of academic work (c) As one valued information for further

Researcher on preparing their research thesis.

2. Practically; it is expected that the findings of this research will become

a critic and positive contribution for department to improve the quality

of students in English Education study program of Dayanu

Plagiarism in Writting Academic Work (Has been published in UNIDAYAN

Many surveys have been carried on investigating the case of plagiarism.

steals someones work (Wikipedia, 2013). Some opinions stated plagiarism is a

kind of violation of taking, citing, or paraphrasing anothers idea without