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THE COUNTRY
THAT SAVED ITSELF
By CLARENCE W. HALL Senior Editor, The Reader's Digest
the Institute for Economic and So- departments and agencies years
cial Research (IPES), designed to before, had by now wormed them-
discover what was happening . Oth- selves into key posts . Most govern-
er associations already in existence, ment ministries and agencies were
such as CONCLAP (Superior laced with communists and fellow
Council of the Producing Classes), travelers serving Moscow's aims .
formed of employers and employes Brazilian communist chief Prestes
of industrial concerns both large was boasting publicly, "Seventeen
and small ; GAP (Group for Po- of ours are in Congress"-all elect-
litical Action) ; and Centro Indus- ed on the tickets of other parties .
trial (Association for Commercial In addition, dozens of fellow-
Enterprises), also engaged in activ- traveling members of the chamber
ities of democratic resistance . of deputies were making deals
Such organizations spread rapid- with the communists, supporting
ly throughout the nation . Though them on issues, consistently attack-
operating independently, these ing "U.S . imperialism"-but never
groups pooled their findings, co- once criticizing Soviet Russia .
ordinated their plans for action . The communists in government
They produced circular letters agencies usually were not ministers
appraising the political situation, but upper-level advisers, sometimes
surveys of public opinion, and second-in-command, or drafters of
also hundreds of newspaper arti- reports on which top decisions
cles answering the boastings of the were based . Some openly bragged,
communists . "We don't care who makes the
To find out how the Moscow- speeches so long as we write
trained underground apparatus them!" In the Ministry of Mines
functioned in Brazil, IPES formed and Energy such a group was in
its own intelligence service, a task complete control . Goulart's Di-
force of investigators (several with- rector of Posts and Telegraphs
in the government itself) to collect, Dagoberto Rodrigues, a strong
classify and correlate information communist sympathizer, released
on the extent of Red infiltration in large amounts of Soviet and Cuban
Brazil . propaganda with the airy an-
nouncement : "I have examined
Laced With Reds this material and decided it is not
THE AGENTS soon discovered a subversive ."
Red Trojan horse of far more In the key labor unions, commu-
frightening dimensions than any- nist control was overwhelming .
one had imagined . Many masked Repeatedly Goulart intervened in
communists, "planted" in federal union elections to guarantee the
THE COUNTRY THAT SAVED ITSELF 5
chaos and then agitating for "re- from Eastern Europe . Alerted, the
forms" ; getting the government to Brazilian army sent a force to meet
make large promises it never could the ship, confiscated tons of small
fulfill, then taking advantage of the arms, ammunition, machine guns,
resulting despair to shout "Revolu- field-communication equipment
tion!" The number of such engi- and loads of Red propaganda
neers of chaos was not large-not printed in Portuguese .
more than Boo at the hard core,
with some 2000 supporters in gov- The "Get-Rich-Quick" Set
ernment agencies . But, says Dr . THE PROBINGs of the investiga-
Glycon de Paiva, a mining'consul- tors revealed more than subver-
tant and one of IPES' founders : sion. Corruption-far in excess of
"It's the classic communist tactic to that commonly accepted as part of
give the impression that they are political life in Latin America-ex-
many . Actually, only a dedicated tended from the presidential palace
few are needed to accomplish the downward. Even while Goulart
downfall of a country . Free peo- and his extreme leftist supporters
ples make the error of discounting were ascribing all Brazil's woes to
any force not present in huge num- "U.S. exploiters and bloodsuckers,"
bers. We learned that lesson the members of his official family were
hard way ." dipping their hands into the gov-
Almost daily, more evidence of ernment till with gay abandon . It
Red revolution in the making was plain that all aid funds in-
came to light . In Brazil's impover- tended for impoverished areas,
ished northeast, notorious for the including Alliance for Progress
flagrant injustices practiced by disbursements, were being inter-
wealthy landowners against starv- cepted by reaching hands and
ing peasants,* Castro's "bearded quick fingers .
ones" roved the countryside, open- Evidence was also strong that no
ly stirring up revolt . Portuguese- small part of these billions of cru-
language broadcasts from Red zeiros, meant for the people, was
China were on the air nearly eight somehow finding lodgment in
hours a day, calling on peasants to Goulart's own pockets . With a de-
rise against landowners . clared income of 40 million cru-
Typical of the investigators' ef- zeiros in 1963, Goulart-according
fectiveness was their discovery in to documentation seized after his
September 1963 of a large ship- flight-spent 236 million on his
ment of arms on its way to Brazil plantations in Mato Grosso alone .
*See "Brazil's Big Dust Bowl," The
While piously pressing for confis-
Reader's Digest, July '63 . cation of large landowners' estates
THE COUNTRY THAT SAVED ITSELF 7
and distribution of land to the peas- their paychecks . One state gover-
ants, Goulart, the land records nor was making a fortune in smug-
showed, was almost daily adding gling ; another, with a $6,400,000
to his own huge holdings . Only appropriation to build highways,
after Jango fled the country could simply pocketed the full amount .
Brazil get the true measure of his Besides all such high-flown
sincerity about land-sharing. Start- skulduggery that could be docu-
ing public life with an inherited mented, countless millions of cru-
ranch of only five square miles, zeiros were vanishing without a
Goulart, when he hurriedly de- trace, in the Goulart regime's bot-
parted, was Brazil's biggest land- tomless pit of corruption .
holder, possessing in his own name
Propaganda by Pamphlet
2968 square miles .
Moreover, Goulart was sharing ARMED WITH the mountains of
with any number of others the evidence gathered by their investi-
opportunities for get-rich-quick . gators, Brazil's middle-class lead-
Tips on forthcoming changes in ers fell to work . The job : to shake
government policy, as for example awake their tolerant, warm-
on exchange rates, made millions hearted fellow citizens, whose easy-
of cruzeiros for palace favorites . going political attitudes were too
Policy developments of any kind often summed up in the phrase,
were tied to payoffs and kickbacks . "Yes, he's a communist, but a nice
Ryff, Goulart's communist press fellow!"
chief, was one of the big benefi- The anti-communists produced
ciaries . As influence peddler, he dossiers on Red leaders and their
collected a $25,000 rakeoff on one collaborators, both within and
coffee deal alone . Other examples outside the government, and cir-
abounded : Goulart's private sec- culated these widely to resistance
retary, it was found, was moon- leaders and newspapers . They
lighting (as a Goulart appointee) aimed their most persuasive fire at
as "minister-counselor for econom- the country's growing salaried
ic affairs" in Brazil's Rome em- class, greatest sufferers from Bra-
bassy-where he never did a day's zil's galloping inflation .
work . The job apparently did not Heads of business organizations
even require his presence, but it and industrial plants called regular
added $15,ooo a year to his $8400 meetings of their employes, dis-
salary . One of Goulart's Labor cussed the meaning of what was
Party deputies had put 1295 em- happening, put into their hands
ployes on his personal payroll- informative pamphlets . One low-
after arranging for kickbacks from priced book, written by Andre'
8 SPECIAL FEATURE
Gama, owner of a small factory in racy" of more than ioo stations all
Petr6polis, and titled Our Ailment over Brazil . From October 1963
and Its Cure, had a circulation of until the revolution, stations of this
more than a million copies . Other network, organized by Joao Cal-
literature explained in simple lan- mon of Didrios Associados, a news-
guage how and why the demo- paper and TV chain, went on the
cratic system works better than any air at the exact time that leftist
other, detailed the tragedies of Leonel Brizola was haranguing the
Hungary and Cuba, and warned public .
"It's happening here!" The investigators were success-
Distribution of anti-communist ful in uncovering not only what
material was at first undercover, had happened, but what was about
then open . Shopkeepers wrapped to happen . Borrowing the Reds'
the revealing leaflets in packages, own tactics, workers infiltrated
or dropped them into shopping the high councils of labor unions,
bags . Elevator operators quietly pretending to be communists, but
handed them to passengers over- actually reporting on Red machi-
heard complaining about condi- nations . Again and again the Reds'
tions . Shoeshine boys slipped them plans were disrupted as opposition
into pockets while brushing cus- speakers and writers went to press
tomers . Taxi drivers left them on and radio to reveal what was
the seats of their cabs for casual afoot. For example : On one occa-
pickup by fares . Barbers inserted sion the Reds were quietly round-
them in magazines being perused ing up 5000 people for a bus trip
by waiting clients . One printer in to Brasilia, the capital, for a "spon-
Rio secretly ran off 50,000 posters taneous pilgrimage" to influence
with cartoons depicting Castro congressional action . When anti-
lashing his people, and the caption, communists exposed the maneuver
"Do you want to live under the days in advance, the "pilgrimage"
whip of communism?" At night, was called off.
squads of helpers posted them in
A Fearless Press
public places .
Brazil's counterrevolutionaries BRAZIL'S leading newspapers got
paid for time on radio and televi- into the fight early . Regularly re-
sion to air their revelations . When porting the resistance groups' find-
government pressure closed many ings, as well as keeping up a steady
radio and TV stations to all but the editorial drumfire of their own,
most radical propagandists, the were Rio's two most influential
anti-communist groups formed papers, 0 Globo and Jornal do
their own "Network of Democ- Brasil ; also-Sao Paulo's 0 Estado
i
de Sao Paulo ; and Correio do Povo, into the struggle and, more than
oldest and most respected inde- any other force, they alerted the
pendent paper in Rio Grande do country. "Without the women,"
Sul . says one leader of the counterrevo-
For their fearlessness, the news- lution, "we could never have
papers paid a heavy price in gov- halted Brazil's plunge toward
ernment harassment . When Joao communism. While many of our
Calmon of Didrios Associados men's groups had to work under-
printed . an expose revealing how cover, the women could work in
phony was the government's in- the open-and how they worked!"
terest in land reform, Leonel Sparkplug and driving force of
Brizola tried to silence him by the Rio de Janeiro women's upris-
instituting foreclosure procedures ing was a diminutive, 9o-pound
for payments due on debts owed to package of feminine energy : Dona
the government-controlled Bank of Amelia Bastos, 59-year-old wife of
Brazil . To keep these newspapers a retired army doctor and a former
and TV stations going, advertisers primary schoolteacher . She listened
promptly paid up their 12-month one night in mid-1962 to her hus-
contracts in advance, thus prevent- band and other anti-Red leaders
ing foreclosure . discussing the looming threat . "I
For printing a revealing account suddenly decided," she says, "that
of what he saw during a 1963 visit politics had become too important
to Russia, the owner of Jornal do to be left entirely to the men ."
Brasil, M. C. Nascimento Brito, The next day-June 12-Dona
saw his newspaper plant invaded Amelia invited to her home a
by Goulart agents . But even after group of neighbors and friends .
his plant was militarily occupied Her dark eyes snapping, she de-
and newspaper publication halted, manded, "Who has more at stake
his account reached the people . It in what's happening to our coun-
was printed in booklet form, and try than we women? Who is pay-
willing workers distributed it by ing the soaring grocery bills caused
the hundreds of thousands . by inflation? Who has to stand and
watch as the savings put aside
Feminine and Formidable for our children's education shrivel
TO THE WOMEN of Brazil belongs to nothing? Whose future but our
a huge share of the credit for stop- children's and grandchildren's will
ping the planned Red takeover . disappear if the government's poli-
By the thousands, on a scale cies lead to communist conquest of
unmatched in Latin American his- our country?"
tory, housewives threw themselves . That night the first chapter of
10 SPECIAL FEATURE
wives later reporting, "We are no primers, the only movies they
longer communists!" show are of Cuban guerrillas ." A
CAMDE cell, centering in the
The Murmur of Prayers washerwoman's home, was quick-
EVEN IN the favelas, slum sec- ly formed at Rocinha . Literacy
tions of shacks ringing many Bra- classes were organized, literature
was supplied . And soon the wom-
en of Rocinha were able to debate
the Reds on their own level, were
saying to communist congressional
candidates and National Student
Union propagandists alike, "Go
away . We know what you're
after!" The Reds moved on .
The spread of women's organi-
zations was spectacular . Some be-
came branches of CAMDE ; others,
such as LIMDE (Women's Demo-
cratic League) in Belo Horizonte,
had their own identity .
The women of Belo Horizonte,
capital of Minas Gerais, perhaps
the most firmly anti-communist
state in Brazil, were courage per-
sonified. When the Red-led Fed-
Dona Amelia Baslos erated Union of Latin American
"Who has more at stake Workers announced a mass meet-
than we women?"
ing to be held in their city, with
zilian cities, which were special two Red organizers from Russia
points of Red propaganda attack, as featured speakers, LIMDE lead-
CAMDE units were formed . One, ers sent a curt message : "Please be
in a Rio favela called Rocinha, advised that when the plane bring-
sprang into being when a washer- ing these men arrives, hundreds of
woman appealed to Dona Amelia women will be lying across the
for help . "This place," said the airstrip!" They kept their word .
woman, "is crowded with commu- The plane did not land at Belo
nists . They say they want to teach Horizonte ; it went on to Brasilia
us to read and write, and they instead .
bring us entertainment . But the The same women staged an
only books they use are- Cuban equally effective demonstration
I
12 SPECIAL FEATURE
in the constitution . Among the that could lead only to a civil war,
changes : full legalization of the followed by communist takeover.
Communist Party . Goulart then
announced two decrees, signing March of the Women
them on the spot with a flourish . FIRST TO TAKE action were the
One decree confiscated and hand- women of Sao Paulo . Listening
ed over to Petrobras, the govern- on radio and TV to the March 13
ment oil monopoly, the six oil rally, hundreds of housewives
refineries still in private hands . rushed to their telephones to begin
The other, more alarming, empow- organizing a demonstration that
ered the government to confiscate would make Goulart's seem tiny
any large land tracts it adjudged by comparison . Six days later, on
inadequately used and hand these March 1g, the wide thoroughfares
over to landless peasants-a clear of downtown Sao Paulo were
replay of Castro's early "land re- jammed with what the women
form" program . called the "March of the Family
The decrees were a bold and With God Toward Freedom ."
ominous move to bypass congress . Clutching prayerbooks and ros-
Combined with the attacks on the aries, a vast army more than 6oo ;
constitution, they amounted to an ooo strong marched in solemn
audacious bid for establishment of rhythm under anti-communist
government by decree, the essence banners . And as they marched,
of dictatorship . newshawks on the sidelines sold
Brizola, taking the podium, newspapers containing a 1300
went even further. The president's word proclamation the women had
brother-in-law demanded the out- prepared :
right abolition of congress and the
substitution of "assemblies" of This nation which God has
workers, peasants and army ser- given us, immense and marvelous
geants-a direct echo of Lenin's as it is, is in extreme danger . We
"soviets" of workers, peasants and have allowed men of limitless am-
soldiers in 1917 . The implications bition, without Christian faith or
were clear enough . scruples, to bring our people mis-
The March 13 rally may be re- ery, destroying our economy, dis-
garded as the event that touched turbing our social peace, to create
off the preventive revolution . Bra- hate and despair. They have infil-
zil's middle class now realized trated our nation, our government
that Goulart radicals had passed administration, our armed forces
the point of no return . The govern- and even our churches with ser-
ment was committed to a course vants of totalitarianism, foreign to
14 SPECIAL FEATURE
tions so as to cut down the power right which had been open to
of the more conservative officers . commissioned officers but not to
One such officer, Humberto Cas- enlisted personnel . To further un-
telo Branco, was in command of dercut their leaders and weaken
the army in Pernambuco State, in discipline, a Sailors and Marines
the country's torrid Northeast, Association was formed-moving
where, said Brazilians, "the biggest the Marxist class war into the
crop is communism ." When sev- armed forces .
eral landowners were murdered Events were building swiftly to
and families began fleeing into the a climax when Goulart on March
towns to escape Red terrorism, 26 openly demonstrated his sym-
Castelo Branco took action . Where- pathy with the move to scuttle
upon the governor, the notoriously military discipline. On that day,
radical Miguel Arrais, complained some 1400 members of the Sailors
that the general was "neutralizing" and Marines Association mutinied
left-wing influences in his state . in Rio de Janeiro . They holed
Goulart promptly removed the themselves up in the headquarters
troublemaker-by kicking him of the communist-controlled Met-
upstairs as chief of staff of the allurgical Workers Union . Defying
army . Other officers who spoke orders to return to their barracks,
out against communism were sim- the mutinous sailors and marines
ilarly transferred to desk duty, gaily shouted "Viva Goulart!"
while left-wingers were maneu- from the windows and pledged
vered into strategic command loyalty to their commander, Candi-
positions . do Aragao-a Goulart appointee
known in leftist circles as the "Peo-
Mutiny in the Ranks ple's Admiral ."
To FURTHER nullify any possi- Army troops surrounded the
bility of an anti-communist gen- building and arrested the rebels
erals' revolt, the Reds-apparently -only to release them a few hours
with the connivance of Goulart- later on orders of the president
moved to break down discipline, himself. To the fury of the military
if not to encourage outright mu- establishment, Goulart merely "re-
tiny, in the armed forces . A pro- quested" the mutineers to go to
gram of spirited agitation was their barracks, with assurances
launched among noncoms and en- that they would not be punished
listed men, urging them to form but would in fact receive weekend
rank-and-file unions to demand a passes!
change in Brazilian law allowing The minister of the navy, Adm .
them to run for public office-a . Silvio Mota, abruptly fired the
r6 SPECIAL FEATURE
"March of the Family With God schemes for liquidating key anti-
Toward Freedom" in Rio de Ja- communists .
neiro for April 2. But now, with In Goulart's own palace were
freedom won, why bother? The incriminating files of correspond-
women of Rio, however, sprang to ence with Red leaders, canceled
their telephones as their sisters in checks for millions of cruzeiros
other cities had done before them . Jango had donated to communist
The march would take place as fronts, as well as checks drawn by
planned, but now as a "March of the president against government
Thanksgiving to God ." When funds for improvement of his own
a government official advised private farms.
calling it off, fearing violence, The residence of Goulart's
Dona Amelia Bastos insisted, say- brother-in-law turned up vast evi-
ing, "The march will demonstrate dence of the workings of the "Na-
to the world that this is a true tional Liberation Front"-made
people's revolution-it will be a up of Brizola's "Groups of Eleven"
marching plebiscite for real de- (known as G-11)-over which he
mocracy!" presided as supreme commander .
And so it was : an ocean of No mean force, the G-11 groups,
humanity, more than a million organized to "save Brazil from the
strong, moved through a snow- claws of international capitalism
storm of confetti drifting down and its internal allies," were found
from the skyscrapers that line to number more than 30,000 mem-
Rio's boulevards ; an army of peace bers.
with banners, firmly, in reverent One captured secret manual is-
spirit, telling all South America sued to G-11 regional command-
that Brazilians were resolved to ers directed that members, called
stay free . "companions" and pledged to
"fight until death," were to be in-
How Narrow the Escape? structed in how to stage strikes,
WITHIN days after the revolu- agitate and confuse ; how to "de-
tion, Brazilians began to learn just stroy, plunder and burn public
how close they had come to losing buildings as well as private enter-
that freedom . Swooping down prises" ; how to capture telephone
upon nests of subversion hastily exchanges, radio and TV stations
abandoned, military security units and weapon-selling stores ; how to
discovered tons of communist lit- kidnap and hold as hostages pub-
erature, guerrilla-warfare manuals, lic authorities, who in case of set-
arsenals of weapons, carefully back "should be immediately and
spelled-out plans for Red takeover, summarily killed ."
20 SPECIAL FEATURE
Another manual went into the imitation bank notes and coins,
techniques of "planned violence, stamped with the images of Lenin,
leaving aside any sort of senti- Stalin and Prestes, was found along
mentality" in eliminating anyone with postage stamps bearing the
standing in the way . Special atten- hammer and sickle . These were
tion was given to dispatching high mainly for propaganda use . But
military officers : "Each officer un- also turned up were huge stacks of
der suspicion shall have a man counterfeit currency, so well print-
responsible for his elimination at ed as to almost defy detection .
the right moment," and, in case the Captured records of its disburse-
eliminator should fail in his duty, ment showed other billions had
he himself was to "suffer the pun- been printed and sent to Red or-
ishment of death immediately ." ganizations, not only to finance
subversion but to accelerate infla-
Cold Cash and Counterfeit tion, a prime goal of the chaos
ALSO FOUND in the luxurious 20- engineers .
room Porto Alegre home of Bri- In the headquarters of labor
zola-who in speeches liked to groups and of the National Stu-
call himself "a poor man" and dent Union were found stacks of
"defender of the oppressed"- films and printed propaganda
were several hundred million cru- from Russia, Red China and Cuba ;
zeiros, as well as documents put- large wall-hung photos of Castro,
ting other of his assets in the names Khrushchev and Mao Tse-tung,
of third parties, but specifying and piles of smaller ones for dis-
they were to be "returned to LB tribution ; huge stocks of Molotov
on demand ." bombs and material for their mak-
In Pernambuco, headquarters ing .
for communist preparations, were Caught redhanded were nine
found more than io,ooo uniforms Red Chinese agents : seven mas-
and the same number of pairs of querading as members of a "trade
shoes, plus orders for 50,000 more, mission," two as correspondents
to be used for the Exercito Cam- for the New China News Agency .
pones (Peasant Army) being re- In their possession were detailed
cruited and trained by Miguel plots for the assassination of prom-
Arrais, the governor of the state . inent anti-communists ; also rec-
Included were many uniforms for ords of bribes paid to congressmen
revolutionary leaders, with one of and members of the Goulart en-
special design tagged for Arrais tourage . Cash found on the nine,
himself . apparently for bribe use, amounted
In Sao Paulo, a large cache of to more than a billion cruzeiros,
THE COUNTRY THAT SAVED ITSELF 21
all are deeply dedicated to Castelo's percent for the first year, began
announced reforms . feeding into the congressional hop-
A strict middle-of-the-roader, per reforms that go to the heart
Castelo Branco rejects the label of Brazil's troubles . Each bill is
"rightist revolution ." He says flat- required to be acted upon by con-
ly, "The extreme right is reaction- gress within a 3o-day limit ; other-
ary ; the extreme left is subversive . wise, it automatically becomes law .
Brazil must steer an honest mid- Political reforms already passed
dle course ." When, shortly after include a constitutional amend-
the revolution, some wealthy in- ment requiring presidental elec-
dustrialists and latifundists (large tions to be by absolute majority -
landowners) moved in to press to discourage the proliferation of
what he considered self-serving political parties, now 13 in number,
claims, Castelo Branco said blunt- and to offset the chance of some
ly, "The answer to the evils of the demagogue riding to power
extreme left does not lie in the through the connivance of a few,
birth of a reactionary right." against the will of the people .
The president is under no illu- Economic reforms include mea-
sions as to the enormity of the task sures to halt inflation-by sharp
before him, nor the shortness of reduction in government spend-
the time he has to perform it : only ing, by tying wage scales to pro-
a little over two years . Brazil's ductivity and the cost of living, by
problems are deeply ingrained : its closing loopholes in corporate-
years of misrule and runaway in- and income-tax laws . They also
flation ; its great areas of stark pov- include an amendment of the
erty ; the exploitation of the masses Profit Remittances Law, long dis-
-not from the outside, as charged criminatory to foreign investment ;
by the Reds, but by Brazilians . a ban on the nationalization or
Extensive political, economic, so- confiscation of private businesses ;
cial reforms are sorely needed . The the elimination of subsidies for im-
job is a staggering one . But, be- ported wheat, oil and newsprint ;
holden to no party or pressure the cancellation of tax exemption
group, the doughty general is giv- for journalists and judges, writers
ing it the grand try . and teachers .
Social reforms, aimed at lifting
Reforms Under Way the lives of the impoverished
HE HAD no sooner taken office masses, include a national low-cost
than he began dismantling the housing program, designed even-
huge and corrupt bureaucracy, tually to banish the stenchful fa-
sliced the bloated budget by 30 velas that are the shame of Brazil's
THE COUNTRY THAT SAVED ITSELF 23
and land reform . From the masses lax ." To avoid that danger, groups
of peasants, on the other hand, will like IPES are staying on the job -
arise new leaders who will find so- sponsoring courses to train demo-
cial-betterment schemes too slow . cratic leaders, especially from the
Communists and other radicals, for middle and lower classes, and
all their present banishment,, can developing ways to keep the pub-
be counted upon to regroup under- lic alert and enlightened . Express-
ground, determined to avoid their ing the new attitude of many of
past mistakes . And the man in the Brazil's business leaders, Paulo
street, long grown cynical of gov- Ayres Filho, a pharmaceutical
ernment promises from any quar- manufacturer, says, "We now
ter, must see real progress and know that we businessmen must
substantial improvement if his con- think not only about profits but
tinued support is to be won in the about the social problems of our
free elections now set for Novem- country . We've got to prove that
ber 15, 1966. free enterprise can do the best job
The answer lies not only with for all the people ."
Castelo Branco and his supporters . The women's groups, too, are
"It ,lies also," say Brazil's middle- not demobilizing . Says CAMDE's
class revolutionaries, "with every Dona Amelia Bastos, "We women
Brazilian's willingness to subordi- of Brazil have discovered our
nate selfish interests to the good of power. We're now going to work
the nation ." to preserve the democracy we
Says Castelo Branco : "Too long helped save ." CAMDE women are
we've been led by demagogues into turning their energies to education
blaming all our woes on `Yankee and social service . Also, they have
imperialism.' From now on, we are proposed to the government a de-
going to be judged not by our in- tailed plan to combat illiteracy by
tentions, not by our promises, but putting on a nationwide fund-rais-
by what we do!" ing campaign to get it started .
Standing behind the president Given a broad enough spread of
are those who made the middle- that spirit, Brazil can indeed come
class revolt a success in the first back from . its deep plunge toward
place. "It's one thing to make a chaos, and make strides toward
revolution," say Dr . Glycon de realization of its great potential .
Paiva, "but quite another to sus- And in doing so, it can count upon
tain it . The danger now is that we the support of the whole free
who initiated this revolt will re- world.