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Factors Affecting Human Performance

The important factors that affect the performance of an individual in the workplace:

Goal Clarity
Repertoire
Knowledge of Structures
Feedback
Motivation
Environment

1) Goal Clarity
People must have in mind a clear picture of any end or goal they are to achieve.

If this picture does not exist, they cannot tell if they are making progress or when they have
completed the task or assignment, let alone if it has been completed properly.

2) Repertoire (Skills or behaviours that a person normally adopt)


To achieve a goal, the people working toward it must possess a suitable, flexible repertoire.

They must be able to engage in whatever behaviours are necessary to obtain that goal
despite changing circumstances and environmental disturbances.

3) Knowledge of Structures
Figuring out what to do in a particular situation requires knowledge of the structure of that
situation.

People must understand the elements that make up the situation, how those elements are
connected to one another and the relationships that exist between and among these
elements.

This knowledge of the structure of the situation allows people to say how the actions they
take will lead to the result they seek. It also allows them to say, for a given result, the
actions that will lead to it.
Absent this knowledge, action is little more than a shot in the dark and achieving desired
results depends mainly on luck or intuition.

4) Feedback
Without information about actual conditions in relation to intended goals or results, no one
can perform to standard. Such information is known as feedback.

It informs progress, enables corrections and, eventually, signals attainment of the objective.

5) Motivation
It is one thing to be capable of doing something; it is something else altogether to want to do
it.

People generally want to do things for two basic reasons: (1) it serves some purpose of their
own or (2) it serves someone elses purpose and theyve accepted something in return for
doing whatever it is that someone else wants done.

Self-satisfaction and incentives; these are the two great motivators.

6) Environment
Performance might not occur if the environmental conditions are so unsuitable as to present
insurmountable barriers to performance.

Missing tools and equipment, competing priorities, a repressive climate and other factors
can interfere with our ability to perform as expected, regardless of our motives or our
repertoire, the presence or absence of feedback and the quality of the mental models that
guide our thinking and actions.

In short, the task environment must support the desired performance; at the very least, it
must be manageable.
The six factors that make performance possible are these:

1. a clear picture of the ends to be attained,

2. a suitable repertoire,

3. knowledge of the structure of the situation,

4. a functioning feedback loop,

5. adequate motivation and

6. a supportive or manageable task environment.

MURPHYS LAW
Edward A. Murphy, Jr. was one of the engineers on the rocket-sled experiments that were done
by the U.S. Air Force in 1949 to test human acceleration tolerances (USAF project MX981). One
experiment involved a set of 16 accelerometers mounted to different parts of the subject's body.
There were two ways each sensor could be glued to its mount, and somebody methodically
installed all 16 the wrong way around. Murphy then made the original form of his
pronouncement:

If there are two or more ways to do something, and one of those ways can result in a
catastrophe, then someone will do it.

Later, it has been simplified to: anything that can go wrong will go wrong.

Impact of Health of employees of Human Performance


In general, a healthier employee performs better. Hence, devoting resources to employee health
can yield rewards for organisations by improving worker performance, engagement and
retention.

The obvious benefit of having a healthy workforce is that healthier employees are absent less
often. Healthy workers are more motivated to stay in work, recover from sickness quicker and
are at less risk of long term illness. In addition, organisations stand to make substantial cost
savings by promoting health in the workplace and reducing sickness absence.

By promoting good health among workers and creating a positive environment for work, you
could reduce employee turnover and recruitment costs.
There are a number of other significant benefits of a healthy workforce. By encouraging and
promoting a healthy workforce, the following can improve:

productivity;
business performance;
staff morale;
employee engagement.

One will also be able to reduce:

accidents and work-related ill health;


sick pay costs;
insurance costs;
pressure on employees covering for those who are absent.

Impact of Safety of employees of Human Performance

Work injuries and illnesses can affect every aspect of life for workers and their families. For
workers, injuries or illnesses can cause:

Loss of life,
Pain and suffering,
Loss of income and financial well-being,
Stress on relationships,
Loss of job or career,
Health-care costs beyond what is covered by insurance.

Workers may also suffer from low self-esteem, loss of independence, mental health problems,
other medical problems, and damaged relationships.

A safe and healthy work environment brings lots of benefits. It not only protects workers from
injury and illness, it can also lower injury/illness costs, reduce absenteeism and turnover,
increase productivity and quality, and raise employee morale. In other words, safety is good for
business.

A safe and healthy workplace attracts and retains quality employees. It's an asset to a
community, operates more efficiently and enjoys a healthy bottom line. The business and the
workers thrive in a safe, healthy, respectful and caring environment.
Safe and healthy workplaces:

Have more satisfied and productive workers who produce higher quality products and
services, return to work more quickly after an injury or illness and are loyal to the
organization

Are better places to work

Retain employees

Establish positive community relations

Importance of working environmental to employees


When searching for a job, you may find yourself most concerned about what salary you will be
collecting if you are hired. Although a high salary is certainly an asset to any career and may
attract you at first, the work environment that you attend to every day is just as important.

The physical environment of a workplace greatly affects the positivity within the firm. Great
energy can be created by an, attractive, comfortable physical environment. This energy
ultimately enhances productivity and success.

Windows allow natural sunlight and Vitamin D into an office, which are essential to contributing
to a good mood. Similarly, windows allow an employee to look out and envision a new idea,
which enhances creativity in the office.

A clean work environment without much clutter allows employees to focus on their goals.

Importance of social habits to employees


Successful organizations depend on getting the right mix of individuals in the right positions at
the right times.

Individuals bring a number of differences to work. They have a variety of personalities, values,
and attitudes. When they enter into organizations, their stable or transient characteristics affect
how they behave and perform. Moreover, companies hire people with the expectation that they
have certain knowledge, skills, abilities, personalities, and values.
Importance of communication to employees
Effective communication brings the following benefits:

If people are communicated to regularly and in an effective manner they are much more
engaged with the company/team and have a more positive attitude towards their work
and their customer.

If everyone understands what the company/team is trying to achieve and their role
within it, you will get a much more consistent approach and less tendency for people to
come up with their interpretation of what they think something means.

Regular and effective communications invite people to engage in discussion


(communication is a dialogue after all!) and provide 2 way feedback between
management and employees, departments and colleagues. This in turn promotes a
culture of sharing ideas and knowledge, but also making these happen.

Employees that are communicated to effectively around change respond much more
positively to it. Communication can also identify champions within the company/team
willing to help embed change.

Importance of workload to employees


Sometimes, your workload is simply too much for one sane person to bear. Over time, the
additional stress and hours of work will take a toll on the employees health, both professionally
and physically.

If an employee is overloaded with work, he won't be able to do his work as effectively, and if he
is constantly stressed, he is more likely to become sick or develop chronic ailments.

In companies where workload is too much, there is dissatisfaction of employees as well as a


high turnover rate.

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