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(SEM)
Installation and Operation
Page 0
Agenda
Page 1
Course Objectives
Given the training material, the student will perform the following tasks:
List the functions of the SEM
List the input and output interfaces available on the SEM
List the SEMs operating modes
Choose the correct SEM operating modes for given implementation
scenarios
Confirm power-up of the SEM
Configure the SEM's IP address and boot parameters via the RS-232
interface
Name two interfaces used to configure and status monitor the SEM
Configure the SEM given desired operating parameters
Monitor and troubleshoot the SEM
Measure and adjust a QAM signal using a spectrum analyzer
Page 2
Module 1 Functional Description
Page 3
Module 1 Objectives
Page 4
SEM Overview
SEM Applications
In-Band audio and video delivery*
Broadcast
Video On Demand (VOD)
SEM Functions:
Remultiplexing (non-statistical)
Encryption
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) modulation
Upconversion
Gigabit Ethernet transport
Motorola General Business Information, SEM, Rev 4.4
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office.
All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Motorola, Inc. 2008
*Note: In some systems, In-Band channels may be used to carry data such as IPG.
Page 5
SEM and NE Models Inputs/Outputs
Model # QAM # ASI # GigE # Encrypted # Input # Output Input Output Power
Output I/O I/O Services TS TS Capacity Capacity
Ports1 Ports2 Ports3 (Mbps) (Mbps)
V0 0 8 3 128 384 16 MPTS 900 900 AC
1Each physical RF connection can be configured for two adjacent QAM channels. Both 64 and 256
QAM modulation modes are supported.
2For devices with ASI ports, up to 8 ASI ports can be configured as inputs and/or up to 4 ASI ports
could be configured as outputs.
3 Prior to firmware v7.x, services received on a GigE port could only be sent out on one transport stream
(i.e. RF). As of firmware v7.x, services received on a GigE port can be sent out on multiple transport
streams simultaneously (i.e. GigE and RF)
4 The Network Encryptor (NE) supports centralized encryption (MediaCipher) and Single Program
Transport Stream (SPTS) distribution of services in Switched Digital Video (SDV) systems. The NE is
also extensible in a future version of downloadable software to supporting centralized encryption in VOD
systems. When encrypting services, the NE supports both full encryption (unique tier per service) and
CTE (Common Tier Encryption). At the output, all services are transmitted via GigE in the form of
MPEG-2 SPTSs.
The SEM and NE also have 2 10/100 Base T Ethernet connections. Primarily, Enet1 is used for
connection to the OAM&P/headend network.
Page 6
Encryption
Internal Control with Encryption (ICE) is also referred to as Real-Time Encryption (RTE) and is
commonly referred to as Common Tier Encryption (CTE) as well.
No configuration is required on the DAC for SEMs (using ICE) nor NEs. When the SEM/NE is
configured for full encryption and is internally controlled, it requests queuing information from the DAC
rather than the DAC being configured to actively send information to the SEM/NE as it does in Cable
Encryptor mode.
At a minimum, DAC v3.1.1-7 with the NE patch is required to support the Network Encryptor.
Page 7
Front Panel Indicators and Connectors
v8
v12
Page 8
Rear Panel Connections
v8
v12
SEM v8
1. ASI Interfaces (dedicated inputs)
2. ASI Interfaces (input or output)
3. QAM RF Output (optional)
4. GigE Interfaces
5. Enet1 10/100 Base-T Interface (connect to headend network)
6. Enet2 10/100 Base-T Interface (used for IP data insertion)
7. AC Power Input Connector
8. DC Power Input Connector
9. Alarm Contact Connector
10. Cooling Fan
11. Ground Stud
SEM v12
1. QAM RF Output
2. QAM RF Output
3. GigE1 Interface
4. GigE2 Interface
5. Enet1 10/100 Base-T Interface (connect to headend network)
6. Enet2 10/100 Base-T Interface (used for IP data insertion)
7. Cooling Fans
8. AC Power Input Connector
9. DC Power Input Connector
10. Ground Stud
Page 9
GigE Transceivers
- Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP)
Type Wavelength Medium Reach Approved
Vendor/Part #
1000base SX 850nm MMF 2 - 550m Finisar
Technologies /
A2U00063423
1000base LX 1310nm MMF/SMF 2 - 550m Finisar
Technologies /
A2U00064037
1000base ZX 1550nm SMF 40/70km Optical
Communications
Products /
TRP-G1H7BCC550
1000base T N/A high quality 100m Methode
shielded CAT5e Electronics /
or CAT6 DM7041
Note: These are typical values see manufacturer specifications
Motorola General Business Information, SEM, Rev 4.4
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office.
All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Motorola, Inc. 2008
GigE transceivers are modules that are plugged into the GigE slots on the rear of the SEM chassis.
These devices take the electrical signal from the SEM and convert it to an electrical or optical GigE
signal. Each optical SFP contains a laser transmitter and receiver.
Page 10
Learning Exercise
2. List all available input and output interfaces available on a SEM v8.
Page 11
Module 2 Configuration Options
Page 12
Module 2 Objectives
Page 13
Operating Modes
ISA Switched Digital Video is available in SEM firmware v7.x and higher.
Page 14
Manual Routing Mode
In this example the DSR 4400MDs are receiving multiplexes of services from satellite providers,
decrypting the services and outputting them through their ASI ports. The SEM is configured - through
the SDM or SEM-EM - to route these services from its ASI input ports to its GigE ports.
*Note: The Output Transport Streams have to be separately configured. In this case, the destination IP
address and port number have to be configured.
Page 15
UDP Port Mapping Modes
Three modes*
Eight Channel UDP Mapping
UDP Mapping
Standardized UDP Mapping
The VOD server sends Single Program Transport Streams (SPTSs) to the IP address of the destination
SEMs GigE port.
Each SPTS has a unique UDP port number.
There is no separate control channel. The SEM routes the input SPTS to the appropriate Output
Transport Stream based on the SPTSs UDP port number.
*Note: Your VOD vendor will specify which UDP Port Mapping Mode is required.
Page 16
ASI Demultiplexing Mode*
ASI QAM/RF
*Note: ASI Demultiplexing Mode is typically not used. It was used with VOD servers that had ASI
outputs. The SEM would receive a 155 Mbps ASI input containing up to 40 MPEG services in the high-
speed MPTS. This allowed a mapping of services from the high-speed ASI input, such that QAM 1
would get 1-10, QAM 2 would get 11-20, etc. Modern VOD servers use GigE transports and UDP Port
Mapping is the desired SEM mode for VOD applications.
Page 17
Cable Encryptor Mode
Channel Map
(Out of Band)
DAC 6000
In this example the DSR 4400MD is receiving a multiplex of services from a satellite provider, decrypting
the services and outputting them through the ASI port. The SEM is configured, through the DAC 6000,
to encrypt and route these services to the RF outputs.
Page 18
ISA Switched Digital Video Mode
QAM/RF
Page 19
Applications
Page 20
Multiple Headend Broadcast Example
Primary Headend
DSR 4400MD
Digital ASI
Satellite
SEM 1
SE1000
Locally
Encoded
GigE Distribution
Secondary Headend(s)
Ad Insertion DM 6400
and
Digital Off Air SEM 2 QAM/RF
SEM 1:
Either Manual Routing mode or Cable Encryptor mode
Receives input from national sources
Remultiplexes TSs
[Optional, using central encryptor model] Encrypts
Provides MPTS outputs
GigE and/or ASI, QAM/RF
SEM 2 through SEM x
Either Manual Routing mode or Cable Encryptor mode (set top boxes must receive channel
map information from the DAC 6000)
Receive national input from SEM 1 via GigE
Receive local ad inserts
Receive local off-air and PEG channels
Remultiplex TSs
[Optional, using edge encryptor model] Encrypts
QAM modulate/upconvert signal
Distribute to consumers
Page 21
GigE Configuration: Standard
I/O
I/O
When using optical GigE cabling, each connection consists of an upstream and downstream piece of
fiber.
Page 22
GigE Configuration: Loop-Through
LT
LT
LTT
In this example, the GigE1 ports on both SEM 1 and SEM 2 must be set to Loop Through (LT). The
GigE1 port on SEM 3 must be set to Loop Through Terminator (LTT).
Supports transmission of ARP replies, ICMP echo replies, IGMP join messages and other upstream
traffic.
A GigE port enabled in LT mode can not be configured as an output.
One GigE connection can carry approximately 3 SEM v8s worth of data with respect to QAM output
capacity.
Page 23
GigE Configuration: Redundancy
Page 24
Learning Exercise
Page 25
Module 3 - Installation
Page 26
Module 3 Objectives
Page 27
Installation Steps
* Additional information regarding status LEDs can be found in Section 6 of the SEM Installation and
Operation Manual.
Page 28
RS-232 Test/Console Port
Page 29
RS-232 Test/Console Port
Communication Parameters:
Page 30
User Console Root Menu
* You must Save Changes and Reboot the SEM in order for changes to take effect.
Note: When asked to type yes to confirm in the Console Menu, you must type the entire word yes
and press ENTER. Typing y and pressing ENTER will abort the change.
Page 31
[1] Show Enet1 Parameters
Page 32
[2] Enet1 IP Setup (Fixed Config)
Page 33
[3] Enet1 IP Setup (via boot protocols)
Page 34
[4] Destructive Purge
Page 35
[5] Reprogram ACP FPGA
Enables the user to reprogram the ACP FPGA from its internally
stored flash image.
Used when FEC Sync Error appears (primarily prior to software
v5.1.2)
The process is service affecting and takes approximately 20 minutes.
Often performed automatically as part of a software upgrade causing
BOOTP to take longer than traditional headend software upgrades.
Use the RS-232 port to determine if the SEM is undergoing an ACP
FPGA reprogram.
Page 36
[7] Reset SEM EM Username and
Password
Page 37
Lab
Page 38
Learning Exercise
3. How can you tell when the SEM has completed its boot cycle and is
operational?
Page 39
Learning Exercise
Page 40
Learning Exercise
Page 41
Learning Exercise
Page 42
Module 4 Configuration & Monitoring
Page 43
Module 4 Objectives
Page 44
SEM Element Manager (SEM-EM)
Page 45
SEM Configuration
Demonstration order:
1. SEM Configuration
2. Lab Exercise #2
3. GigE Configuration
4. Lab Exercise #3
5. Status Monitoring
6. Lab Exercises #4-5
Page 46
Configuration System
1.
2.
3.
1. Controller Interface:
Choose the Operating Mode for the SEM.
If the Operating Mode is Cable Encryptor, choose the Controller IP corresponding to the DAC. [Note:
The DAC must have already been discovered in the SDM]
2. System Time:
Choose the Input Source of system time
If using an ASI stream to extract DCII system time or a specific SNTP server, enter the appropriate
settings.
3. EAS:
If using a third party SCTE 18 Message Generator, enter the network parameters that the SEM
should use to listen for these messages.
* All configurations in this presentation are shown using the SmartStream Device Manager (SDM). This
is the recommended method of configuring Motorola headend devices. If an SDM is not available,
the same settings can be changed using the SEM-EM or by using the Headend Configuration Tool
(HCT). See the SEM Installation & Operations Manual for instructions on how to configure the SEM
using the SEM-EM.
Page 47
Configuration ASI
4.
Page 48
Configuration QAM RF
5.
6.
5. QAM RF Port:
Choose the physical RF Port to configure. (ex: Port 1 for QAM RF 1A and 1B)
6. QAM RF Configuration:
Configure the Tuning Mode, EIA Channel or Frequency, and Modulation Mode for these adjacent
QAM channels.*
To turn on the RF output, uncheck the Mute box for the given QAM port. To turn off the RF output,
check the Mute box for the given QAM port.
Note: You can also change the Output Level for each QAM channel in this window, though 56dBmV
is the recommended output level. If you are using both QAM outputs on the RF port, the maximum
configurable output level for each channel is 58dBmV.
* If the EIA channel for the B side of the RF Port is 0, the Output Transport Stream needs to be turned
on. This is configured in the Output TS tab.
Page 49
Configuration Host Ethernet
7.
7. Enet2 - Data:
If the SEM will listen for data on its second 10/100 Ethernet Port, you must configure the IP Address,
Subnet Mask, and Input Transport Stream Count for the port.*
* Note: The Enet1 - OAM&P configuration should have already been set via the SEMs RS-232 port or
via the SDMs Add Device functionality.
Page 50
Configuration Gigabit Ethernet
8.
9.
Page 51
Configuration Output TS
10.
Notes:
Portions of this screen will differ depending on which Operating Mode is selected. You may also
have to exit and re-enter the SEMs properties window in order for the changes to be visible after
switching operating modes.
For a single GigE port, multiple Output TSs can be defined. They differ by either Destination IP
Address or Output UDP Port.
TS Index: For a SEM v8, indices 1-8 are used for GigE and ASI Output TSs and indices 9-16 are
used for QAM output TSs.
Output Port: QAM output ports are numbered 1-8, rather than 1A,1B,...,4A,4B as seen in the SEM-
EM.
Information Rate: The information rate for the QAM ports is determined by the modulation mode in
the QAM RF tab.
Destination IP Address/Output UDP Port/Multicast Port: Only applies to GigE Output TSs
Encrypted Programs: Enter in multiples of 8.
Page 52
Configuration Manual Routing
11.
Notes:
TS Pass Thru: If the entire input stream is to be passed to an output stream, check this box. Note
that no other services can be added to the Output TS associated with a TS Pass Thru.
Input Port: Choose the port where the TS is entering the SEM.
Input UDP Port: Only applies to GigE inputs
Input MPEG Program #: If a single service is being routed, this is the MPEG number that is seen at
the input.
Output Stream: This is the Output TS index number associated with the desired output for the route.
This can be correlated to an output port by viewing the Output TS tab and choosing the appropriate
TS Index in that screen.
Output MPEG Program #: If a single service is being routed, this is the MPEG number that the output
should use.
Pre-Encrypt: Indicates whether or not the input service is encrypted before reaching this SEM
Page 53
Configuration GigE Multicast
12.
Page 54
Learning Exercise
Page 55
Learning Exercise
Page 56
Learning Exercise
Page 57
Learning Exercise
Page 58