Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources:

American Prisoners Carry Their Comrades Who Are Unable to Walk. The Bataan Death

March, 1942, eyewitnesstohistory.com. Accessed 24 Dec. 2016.

This image showed a picture taken of American prisoners of war who had to carry their
comrades during the Bataan Death March because they could no longer walk. This
showed the cruelty of Japanese by showing how they forced their prisoners to march even
until they could no longer walk. This reinforces the point that the Japanese committed
many crimes of war against their prisoners.

Baldassarre, Fred. Mass Grave at Cabanatuan Prison Camps. lindavdahl.com. Accessed 3 Jan.

2017.

This picture of a mass grave site at Cabanatuan prison camp shows how the Japanese
dumped multiple bodies into small, and cramped spaces. This helped me understand the
attitude of the Japanese towards the soldiers and also showed the the horrific conditions
in the camps. This lets me, and the reader understand what the prisoners went through,
and it shows why the U.S. believed that what the Japanese did was wrong.

Barber, Mike. Leader of WWII's 'Great Raid' Looks Back at Real-Life POW Rescue.

Seattlepi.com, seattlepi.com. Accessed 20 Dec. 2016.

This website is a primary source as it is an interview with a participant in the raid of

Cabanatuan. The interview shows the thoughts of former U.S Army ranger, Robert
Prince, who being a leader in the raid, had a massive influence on the outcome of the
rescue. The presence of the perspective of an individual so heavily involved the event,
provides me with a greater understanding of how astounding and challenging the raid
was.

Great Raid. American Thinker, 12 Aug.

Dwyer, John B. Articles: The Untold Story behind The

2005, americanthinker.com. Accessed 6 Jan. 2017.

In this website, we found a picture of POWs cheering after they had been freed from the
 Japanese by the American rangers. The happiness showed us the effect the rescue had on
the prisoners and also just how many prisoners had been rescued. This helped us
understand the profound impact of the raid on the prisoner's lives, and reinforces why the
soldiers took the stand against the Japanese.

Real Footage Taking after the Raid at Cabanatuan, Philippines, director. 2008,

Youtube.com. Accessed 4 Dec. 2016.

This video shows the long walk back to American boundaries from the prison camp, and
the happiness that spread between the prisoners and the soldiers. This video also provided
captions explaining what had happened after the rescue such as President Truman
addressing the rescue and calling it a success. This source helped me understand the
mood and conditions of the soldiers during the march back and helped emphasize the
great effect the rescue had on the lives of the hundreds of Americans.

The Effects of Harsh Treatment on American Soldiers at Cabanatuan. The Airshow at

Cabanatuan Death Camp, the Philippines, World War II., itinerantdispatches.com.

Accessed 15 Nov. 2016.

This picture of the Cabanatuan prisoners shows the extreme effects of the Japanese
treatments of the soldiers. This picture depicts the state the prisoners were in when they
were finally rescued as they looked like walking skeletons. This source gave me
information about the condition of the soldiers and what they had to do to survive
starvation. This then reinforces why the U.S. wanted to take a stand against the Japanese.

Secondary Sources:

Bataan Rescue. PBS, PBS, pbs.org. Accessed 23 Nov. 2016.

This article was a timeline detailing important dates during the second World War that
led up to the raid on Cabanatuan. This helped me to further understand the context of
the raid by showing me what was happening all around the area. This also helped me
understand the long, and grueling time and patience the prisoners had to have.

Breuer, William B. The Great Raid on Cabanatuan: Rescuing the Doomed Ghosts of Bataan and

Corregidor. Accessed 2 Jan. 2017

 This book is a secondary source which thoroughly explains the happenings of
Cabanatuan through interviews of the surviving heroes of the raid. By doing so, the book
displays the atmosphere of the raid, the perspectives and thoughts of the witnesses in the
moment, and a detailed recollection of specific occurrences of the raid, all of which help
me to better understand the important context of the rescue.

By July of 1942, about 1300 men of Camp 1. Defenders of the Philippine. Cabanatuan Camp,

philippine-defenders.lib.wv.us. Accessed 14 Dec. 2016.

This article showed how the prisoners felt during their stay at the POW camp in
Cabanatuan. This helped me to further understand what happened at the camp and the
atrocities committed by the Japanese. This then shows why the Americans wanted to take
a stand, as they believed that the inhumane treatment was wrong.

Cellania, Miss, and Danny Jr. Mission Impossible: The Raid on Cabanatuan. Neatorama,

Neatorama.com. Accessed 20 Dec. 2016.

This article helped me to understand the hardships of the prisoners and the cruelty of the
Japanese Imperial Army. This article also showed me the determination of the rescuers
which helped me to understand why this raid succeeded. Additionally this article
provided us with many of the pictures we put on our website.

Dwyer, By John B. Articles: The Untold Story behind The Great Raid. Articles: The Untold

Story behind The Great Raid, American Thinker, 12 Aug. 2005,

Americanthinker.com. Accessed 13 Nov. 2016.

This article in detail described what happened throughout the entire raid. Knowing
exactly what happened is key for my group and I to understand the hardships
encountered and the cruelty of the Japanese in that stage of the war. This once again
reinforces the impact of the Japanese cruelty and the reason why the U.S. took a stand.

Fox, Bucky. Henry Mucci's Rousing Raid Rescued Our POWs From Japanese Grip. Investor's

Business Daily, 8 Mar. 2016, investors.com

 This article explained the actions that Henry Mucci took to ensure that the raid on
Cabanatuan was a success. This gave me some insight into the man behind the raid
and helped me to understand the Allies side of the story. This gave me context to who
was behind the raid, what the plans were, and how they came up with them.

@HistoryNet. American Prisoners of War: Massacre at Palawan | HistoryNet. HistoryNet, 23

June 2016, historynet.com. Accessed 4 Nov. 2016.

This article showed the massacre at the POW camp in Palawan, run by the Japanese.
This article helped to further show to me the cruelty of the Japanese and the manner in
which they treated their prisoners. This also showed me a possible motivation for the
group of soldiers that conducted the raid on Cabanatuan. This was a major event
throughout the second world war and it may have affected the rescuers by making them
want to avoid such a loss as this.

King, Michael J. Rescue at Cabanatuan. Cabantuan, 4point2.org/cabanatuan.htm. Accessed 1

Jan. 2017.

This website is a secondary source which describes the strategies used during the raid, the
time the events occurred, and the roles and the number of the people involved. This
article gave me specific facts which I can reference for describing why the raid was such
a success.

News, BBC. VJ Day: Surviving the Horrors of Japan's WW2 Camps. BBC News, 15 Aug.

2015, bbc.com. Accessed 14 Dec. 2016.

This article showed the conditions in similar Japanese POW camps and also explained
the sufferings of the POWs. This article also shows the cruelty and unorthodox treatment
of the prisoners by the Japanese. This helped me to understand the context of the POW
camps at the time of the raid on Cabanatuan. This also helped me to understand why
the Japanese camps in particular were horrifying and further shows me the motivation
for the soldiers conducting the raid.

Operation PLUM - Photo Gallery. Operation PLUM - Photo Gallery,

Operationplum.com. Accessed 14 Dec. 2016

The picture shown on this website depicts a sick prisoner of war at Cabanatuan. He is
suffering in the medical ward known as ward 0 due to the survival rate, which was
 nearly 0%. This gave us some insight into the condition of the prisoners at the camp and
the squalid, inhumane conditions they were subjected to. This showed why the U.S. took
a stand against the Japanese, as the conditions were deemed to be too brutal for someone
to go through.

Report on American Prisoners of War in the Philippines, OPGM 1945. Report on American

Prisoners of War in the Philippines, OPGM 1945, mansell.com. Accessed 3 Nov. 2016.

This website provides sketches, pictures, and information from the first day of the Bataan
Death March, to drainage and water supply in the camps. This source informed me about
events and executions that took place during capture, where things were positioned in the
prison camp, and how the drainage, housing, water supply, etc. affected the prisoners.
This informs me about the context of the prison conditions and shows why the U.S. cared
so much to free these soldiers.

ShadowSpear. Raid at Cabanatuan (1945). ShadowSpear Special Operations, 4 Mar. 2012,

shadowspear.com. Accessed 6 Nov. 2016.

This article helped to show the historical context of the raid and a detailed layout of the
events that took place during the raid. This article helped to explain the historical context
of the raid by showing how conditions were during that stage of World War II and the
conditions of other POW camps, similar to the one in Cabanatuan. It also showed the
events that occurred before the raid took place, which helped me further understand the
state the prisoners were in and why it was so important that this raid took place.

Sides, Hampton. Ghost Soldiers: The Forgotten Epic Story of World War Twos Most Dramatic

Story. Accessed 1 Jan. 2017.

This book is a book about the raid on the Japanese prison camp in Cabanatuan,
Philippines. This described the events that occurred before and after the raid and the
experiences the prisoners endured. This helped me to understand what happened and the
chain of events that unfolded. This provided me context behind the whole time period,
the impact of the freed prisoners, and the stand and why the U.S. decided to do this risky
idea.

Thomas, Robert. Henry A. Mucci Dies at 88, Rescued Survivors of Bataan.Henry A. Mucci

Dies at 88, Rescued Survivors of Bataan, 24 Apr. 1997, nytimes.com. Accessed 5 Nov.
 2016.

This article tells the story behind Colonel Mucci and what he achieved as an American
soldier, and tells how he led a group of American Snipers and Filipino Guerrillas, to raid
Cabanatuan prison camps. This article by New York Times, informed me on who
Colonel Mucci was and who was behind the plan to free the American prisoners.

V, Marc. 10 Japanese Atrocities From World War II - Listverse. Listverse, 21 June 2014,

listverse.com. Accessed 27 Nov. 2016.

This article showed the ten most horrifying acts the Japanese army took in the second
World War. This helped me to understand the cruelty of the Japanese and how they
would eventually treat their prisoners, diverging from legal actions and committing war
crimes against the prisoners. This once again shows the impact of the cruel treatment the
prisoners received.

World War Two - Japanese Prisoner of War Camps. From Ancient Times to the 20th Century,

historyonthenet.com. Accessed 15 Dec. 2016.

This article helped me understand the cruelty of the Japanese and their prisoner of war
camps. As said in the article, the Japanese did not seem to follow the Geneva
Conventions and instead implemented their own rules, which involved starving the
prisoners and forcing them to learn Japanese, or risk punishment. As a statistic, one out
of every three prisoners died of starvation, work, punishments or from diseases.