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X Frequency, f
59 8 X Class boundary Frequency, f
10 14 14
15 19 29
20 24 40
25 29 38
30 34 22
35 39 9
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Frequency
Step 4: Connect adjacent points with line of Histogram, by taking the midpoints of
segments. Draw a line back to the x-axis at each bar in Histogram, and then join with
the beginning and the end of graph, at the line segment (straight lines), as shown in
same distance that the previous and next the previous example.
midpoints would be located.
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X Frequency, f
40 49 6
50 59 10
60 69 16
70 79 14
80 89 10
90 99 4
12
10
distribution.
Frequency
8
0
0 35.5 45.5 55.5 65.5 75.5 85.5 95.5 105.5
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Procedure to plot an Ogive: Step 3: Plot the point of each of the upper
Step 1: Find the cumulative frequency of class boundary.
each class.
Step 4: Starting with the first upper class
Step 2: Draw and label the x and y axes. boundary, connect adjacent points with a
Represents x-axis by upper class boundaries smooth curve. Then extend the graph to the
of the variable of study, while y-axis first lower class boundary on the x-axis.
represents the cumulative frequency.
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50
X Frequency
40 140 144 5
Cumulative
Frequency 30 145 149 18
20 150 154 42
10 155 159 27
0 160 164 8
39.5 49.5 59.5 69.5 79.5 89.5 99.5 109.5
X
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Changes in
number of
customers over
a certain period
of time
EXERCISE EXERCISE
The scores of 24 students who are entering their
In a study of students grade point average (GPA), the
following data is obtained. Construct a frequency first year of high school are as below. Construct a
distribution using 7 classes. grouped frequency distribution using the class size
of 7 starts with 97 103.
3.2 2.0 3.3 2.3 2.1 3.9 1.1 3.3
1.9 1.7 0.8 2.6 0.6 4.0 3.5 2.3 115 119 119 134 128 128 152
1.6 2.8 2.6 1.6 1.6 2.4 2.6 2.3 121 97 108 98 130 108 110
3.8 2.1 2.9 3.0 1.7 4.0 1.2 3.1 111 122 106 142 143 140 141
Construct histogram, frequency polygon and ogive for 151 125 126
the data Construct histogram, frequency polygon and ogive
for the data