FW 4170 Technical Manual R4.0

FTDG-600-01-41677
FW4170 RELEASE 4.0

TECHNICAL MANUAL
ISSUE 1, SEPTEMBER 2006
FUJITSU LIMITED
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respective companies.
This document and its contents are provided by FUJITSU Limited (FUJITSU) for guidance purposes only. This document is
provided “as is” with no warranties or representations whatsoever, either express or implied, including without limitation the
implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for purpose. FUJITSU does not warrant or represent that the contents of
this document are error free. Furthermore, the contents of this document are subject to update and change at any time
without notice by FUJITSU, since FUJITSU reserves the right, without notice, to make changes in equipment design or
components as progress in engineering methods may warrant. No part of the contents of this document may be copied,
modified, or otherwise reproduced without the express written consent of FUJITSU.
Unpublished work and only distributed under restriction.

Copyright © FUJITSU LIMITED. All Rights Reserved.
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

FUJITSU and FUJITSU Customer Use Only
Technical Manual Issue 1, September 2006
Before You Begin
BEFORE YOU BEGIN

Read through this manual set carefully and familiarize yourself with the FW 4170
equipment before configuring, installing, turning up, performing operation and maintenance
of, and troubleshooting the equipment.
Keep the manual set at hand so that you can refer to it at any time.
Observe the notices and instructions provided in this manual set for your proper and
safety installation, use and maintenance of the equipment.
FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

FUJITSU and FUJITSU Customer Use Only i
Issue 1, September 2006 Technical Manual
Before You Begin
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

FUJITSU and FUJITSU Customer Use Only
Contents
Contents
CHAPTER 1 Notes on this Documentation ........................................................... 1-1
1.1 Customer Documentation .......................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Complementary Documents ...................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Symbols Used in the Customer Documentation ........................................ 1-3
1.3.1 Symbol for Warnings ................................................................................. 1-3
1.3.2 Symbols for Notes ..................................................................................... 1-3
1.3.3 Symbols for Menu Displays and Text Inputs.............................................. 1-3
1.4 Notes on Licensed Software...................................................................... 1-3
1.5 Standard Compliance ................................................................................ 1-3
CHAPTER 2 Introduction ...................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Application Types ...................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Terminal Multiplexer Type ......................................................................... 2-1
2.1.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer Type ........................................................................ 2-2
CHAPTER 3 Overview of the Main Features ........................................................ 3-1
CHAPTER 4 Network Applications ....................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies ............................................................... 4-1
4.2 Linear Topologies with Add/Drop Function ................................................ 4-2
4.3 Ring Network FunNEctionality ................................................................... 4-2
4.3.1 Single Ring ................................................................................................ 4-2
4.3.2 Multiple Ring Closure ................................................................................ 4-3
4.4 Data Service Applications.......................................................................... 4-4
CHAPTER 5 System Description .......................................................................... 5-1

5.1 Subrack ..................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Basic Functions ......................................................................................... 5-1
5.2.1 User Data Interfaces.................................................................................. 5-2
5.2.2 Switch Fabric Functions ............................................................................ 5-2
5.2.3 Multiplex and Mapping Functions .............................................................. 5-3
5.2.4 SDH Overhead Processing Function ......................................................... 5-5
5.3 Ethernet Transparent................................................................................. 5-6
5.4 Clock Pulse Supply, Synchronization ........................................................ 5-6
5.4.1 Available Timing Sources .......................................................................... 5-6
5.4.2 T0 System Clock ....................................................................................... 5-7
5.4.3 Timing Output Interface ............................................................................. 5-7
5.4.4 Real Time Clock ........................................................................................ 5-8
5.5 Retiming .................................................................................................... 5-8
5.6 Laser Safety Shut-down ............................................................................ 5-8
5.7 External Alarm Interfaces .......................................................................... 5-9
5.8 Engineering Order Wire............................................................................. 5-9
5.9 Software/Firmware .................................................................................... 5-9
5.10 Protection Architecture ............................................................................ 5-10
5.10.1 SDH Traffic Protection............................................................................. 5-10
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Contents
5.10.2 Hardware Protection................................................................................ 5-14

5.11 Operating Terminal FW 4170 FLEXR-L................................................... 5-15
5.12 Connection to Network Management Systems ........................................ 5-15
5.12.1 NE connect to FLEXR-C.......................................................................... 5-15
5.12.2 Third-party DCC transparency....................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 6 Components of the FW 4170 ........................................................... 6-1

6.1 Subrack and Slot Arrangement.................................................................. 6-3
6.2 List of Cards Supported ............................................................................. 6-3
6.3 Power Supply Card: PWR ......................................................................... 6-4
6.4 Fan Tray .................................................................................................... 6-5
6.5 System Controller Card: SC ...................................................................... 6-5
6.6 System Interface Card: ST-CLK ................................................................ 6-7
6.7 Cross-connect and Timing Card CC+1×STM-4/1 ...................................... 6-8
6.7.1 Cross-connect Architecture and Capacity.................................................. 6-8
6.7.2 Timing Function ......................................................................................... 6-9
6.7.3 STM Interface.......................................................................................... 6-10
6.7.4 CC Card Faceplate and LEDs ................................................................. 6-10
6.8 Optical STM-1 Interface Card: 2× STM-1................................................. 6-11
6.9 Electrical 155Mbit/s Interface Card: 2× STM-1E (W/P), 2× STM-1E IO ... 6-12
6.10 Electrical 34/45Mbit/s Interface Card: 3× E3/DS3 (W/P), 3× E3/DS3 IO .. 6-14
6.11 Electrical 2 Mbit/s Interface Card 21× E1 (W/P), 21× E1 I/O.................... 6-16
6.12 Fast Ethernet Interface 8× FE/T .............................................................. 6-19
6.13 Optical Amplifier Card: OA....................................................................... 6-21
CHAPTER 7 System Control and Monitoring ........................................................ 7-1

7.1 Indicating and Operating Elements of the Network Element ...................... 7-2
7.1.1 Operating Devices of the FW 4170............................................................ 7-2
7.1.2 Operating and Display Elements of the Cards ........................................... 7-2
7.2 Control and Monitoring by FLEXR-C Network Management System ......... 7-3
7.2.1 FW 4170 FLEXR-L .................................................................................... 7-3
7.2.2 FLEXR-C ................................................................................................... 7-4
7.3 Management System Protection................................................................ 7-5
7.4 NE Software .............................................................................................. 7-6
7.4.1 Application Management Module .............................................................. 7-6
7.4.2 Hardware Driver Modules .......................................................................... 7-7
7.4.3 Real-Time Multi-Task Operation System ................................................... 7-7
7.4.4 SNMP Agent.............................................................................................. 7-7
7.4.5 MIB Management Module.......................................................................... 7-8
7.5 Management Protocols and DCC .............................................................. 7-8
CHAPTER 8 Commissioning and Maintenance .................................................... 8-1

8.1 Commissioning .......................................................................................... 8-1
8.2 Maintenance.............................................................................................. 8-1
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Contents
CHAPTER 9 Technical Data ................................................................................. 9-1

9.1 Traffic Interfaces........................................................................................ 9-1
9.1.1 Optical STM-4 Interfaces ........................................................................... 9-1
9.1.2 Optical STM-1 Interfaces ........................................................................... 9-2
9.1.3 Optical Amplifier (OA)................................................................................ 9-3
9.1.4 Electrical 155Mbit/s Interface..................................................................... 9-5
9.1.5 Electrical 45 Mbit/s Interfaces (E 32 according ITU-T G.703) .................... 9-5
9.1.6 Electrical 34 Mbit/s Interfaces (E 31 according ITU-T G.703) .................... 9-5
9.1.7 Electrical 2 Mbit/s Interfaces...................................................................... 9-6
9.1.8 Fast Ethernet Interfaces 100Base-T, Electrical.......................................... 9-7
9.1.9 Electrical Ethernet Interfaces 10Base-T .................................................... 9-7
9.2 Control Interfaces ...................................................................................... 9-8
9.2.1 SNMP/TCP/IP/Ethernet for Network Management System ....................... 9-8
9.3 Signaling Interfaces ................................................................................... 9-8
9.3.1 Fault Indication and Services Status LEDs ................................................ 9-8
9.3.2 Alarm Contacts.......................................................................................... 9-8
9.3.3 MDI/MDO Interfaces for Customer-specific Channels ............................... 9-8
9.3.4 EOW Interface........................................................................................... 9-9
9.4 Interfaces for Network Clock Synchronization ........................................... 9-9
9.4.1 2048-kbit/s Interface .................................................................................. 9-9
9.5 Switching and Delay Times ....................................................................... 9-9
9.5.1 MSP Line Protection Switching.................................................................. 9-9
9.5.2 SNC/I and SNC/N Path Protection Switching .......................................... 9-10
9.6 Power Supply .......................................................................................... 9-10
9.7 Environmental Conditions........................................................................ 9-11
9.7.1 Climatic Conditions.................................................................................. 9-11
9.7.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC......................................................... 9-11
9.8 Dimensions in mm ................................................................................... 9-11
9.9 Weights in kg........................................................................................... 9-12
CHAPTER 10 Abbreviations ............................................................................... 10-1

CHAPTER 11 Index ............................................................................................ 11-1
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Illustrations
Illustrations
Fig. 2.1 Terminal Multiplexer (TMX)..................................................................... 2-2
Fig. 2.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM) ................................................................... 2-3
Fig. 4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Link ....................................................................... 4-1
Fig. 4.2 Add/Drop Function within a Linear Chain................................................ 4-2
Fig. 4.3 Single Ring ............................................................................................. 4-3
Fig. 4.4 Multiple Ring Closure.............................................................................. 4-4
Fig. 4.5 Ethernet Private Line (EPL) .................................................................... 4-5
Fig. 5.1 FW 4170 Subrack ................................................................................... 5-1
Fig. 5.2 Functional Block Diagram ....................................................................... 5-2
Fig. 5.3 SDH/PDH Multiplex Structures ............................................................... 5-4
Fig. 5.4 Timing Source Selection ......................................................................... 5-6
Fig. 5.5 Linear 1+1 MSP, Fault-free Case.......................................................... 5-11
Fig. 5.6 Linear 1+1 MSP, Switch to Protection Line ........................................... 5-11
Fig. 5.7 Example of Path Protection Switching for an STM-1 Line ..................... 5-13
Fig. 5.8 Embedding of FW 4170 NEs in a TMN System .................................... 5-16
Fig. 5.9 Third party DCC transparency ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Fig. 6.1 Overview of the System Components ..................................................... 6-2
Fig. 6.2 Subrack Slots.......................................................................................... 6-3
Fig. 6.3 Power Card Faceplate ............................................................................ 6-4
Fig. 6.4 Fan Tray Faceplate................................................................................. 6-5
Fig. 6.5 System Controller (SC) Card Faceplate.................................................. 6-5
Fig. 6.6 System Interface Card Panel .................................................................. 6-7
Fig. 6.7 CC Card Cross-connect Architecture ...................................................... 6-8
Fig. 6.8 CC + 1xSTM-4/1 Card Faceplate.......................................................... 6-10
Fig. 6.9 2× STM-1 Card Faceplate.................................................................... 6-11
Fig. 6.10 Functional block diagram of 2× STM-1E (W/P) .................................... 6-13
Fig. 6.11 2× STM-1E (W/P) faceplate ................................................................. 6-13
Fig. 6.12 2× STM-1E IO faceplate .................................................................... 6-14
Fig. 6.13 Functional block diagram of 3×E3/DS3 (W/P) 1:1 protection module ... 6-15
Fig. 6.14 3× E3/DS3 (W/P) module faceplate ..................................................... 6-15
Fig. 6.15 3× E3/DS3 IO module faceplate........................................................... 6-15
Fig. 6.16 21× E1 Card (1:3 Protection) ............................................................... 6-17
Fig. 6.17 21× E1 (W/P) Card Faceplate .............................................................. 6-18
Fig. 6.18 21× E1 IO (75 Ohm) Card Faceplate ................................................... 6-18
Fig. 6.19 21× E1 IO (120 Ohm) Card Faceplate ................................................. 6-18
Fig. 6.20 8× FE/T Card Functional Block Diagram .............................................. 6-19
Fig. 6.21 8× FE/T Card Faceplate....................................................................... 6-20
Fig. 6.22 13 dB OA Card Faceplate.................................................................... 6-22
Fig. 7.1 Embedding of FW 4170 NEs in a TMN System ..................................... 7-3
Fig. 7.2 FW 4170 Software Architecture ............................................................. 7-6
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Tables
Tables
Tab. 5.1 User Interfaces ........................................................................................ 5-2
Tab. 5.2 SDH Overhead Process Function............................................................ 5-6
Tab. 6.1 Subrack Slot Arrangement and Allowable Cards ..................................... 6-3
Tab. 6.2 Overview of FW 4170 Cards.................................................................... 6-4
Tab. 6.3 Power Card LEDs.................................................................................... 6-5
Tab. 6.4 System Controller (SC) Card Interface .................................................... 6-6
Tab. 6.5 SC Card LEDs ......................................................................................... 6-7
Tab. 6.6 Rear System Management Interface Panel Interfaces............................. 6-7
Tab. 6.7 System Management Interface Panel LEDs ............................................ 6-8
Tab. 6.8 1× STM-4/1 Interfaces on CC Card ....................................................... 6-10
Tab. 6.9 CC Card LEDs....................................................................................... 6-11
Tab. 6.10 2× STM-1 Card External Interfaces ...................................................... 6-11
Tab. 6.11 2× STM-1 Card LEDs ........................................................................... 6-12
Tab. 6.12 2× STM-1E (W/P) allowable slots ......................................................... 6-13
Tab. 6.13 External interfaces of 2× STM-1E line interface module ....................... 6-14
Tab. 6.14 2× STM-1E interface module LEDs....................................................... 6-14
Tab. 6.15 3× E3/DS3 module external module ..................................................... 6-16
Tab. 6.16 3× E3/DS3 module LEDs...................................................................... 6-16
Tab. 6.17 21× E1 Protection Group Configuration Rule ........................................ 6-17
Tab. 6.18 21× E1 IO Card Interfaces .................................................................... 6-18
Tab. 6.19 21× E1 (W/P) Card LEDs...................................................................... 6-18
Tab. 6.20 8× FE/T Card Ethernet Interfaces ......................................................... 6-20
Tab. 6.21 RJ45 pin assignment for 8× FE/T Card................................................. 6-20
Tab. 6.22 8× FE/T Card LEDs .............................................................................. 6-21
Tab. 6.23 OA Card Safety Procedures ................................................................. 6-21
Tab. 6.24 OA Card External Interface................................................................... 6-22
Tab. 6.25 OA Card LEDs...................................................................................... 6-22
Tab. 9.1 STM-4 Port 1300nm / 1550nm................................................................. 9-1
Tab. 9.2 STM-1 Port 1300nm / 1550nm................................................................. 9-2
Tab. 9.3 OA Card EDFA Module Absolute Ratings................................................ 9-3
Tab. 9.4 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier General Specifications ............................. 9-3
Tab. 9.5 Post-amplifier Specifications.................................................................... 9-4
Tab. 9.6 155 520 kbit/s electrical interface parameters.......................................... 9-5
Tab. 9.7 Fast Ethernet Traffic Interface (100Base-T)............................................. 9-7
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FUJITSU and FUJITSU Customer Use Only vii
CHAPTER 1
Notes on this Documentation
CHAPTER 1
1.1 Customer Documentation
The Customer Documentation of the FW 4170 comprises the following descriptions and
manuals:
• Technical Manual
The Technical Manual gives an overview of the application, performance features,
interfaces and functions of the FW 4170. It also contains the most important technical
data.
i The Technical Manual does not contain any instructions to be carried out.
• Installation and Test Manual

The Installation and Test Manual contains instructions on mounting, connecting, and
commissioning the FW 4170, and connecting and commissioning the FLEXR-L
operating terminals.
• Troubleshooting Manual
The Troubleshooting Manual provides information about the alarm list FW 4170
supports and troubleshooting procedures.
• FLEXR-L User Manual

The FLEXR-L User Manual provides information about the FLEXR-L (features,
configuration, installation, etc.) and how to operate, monitor and maintain the FW 4170
using the Element Manager software (Application Software) running on the FLEXR-L.
Besides the FLEXR-L User Manual, the Online Help of the FW 4170 software is of high
i importance for the operator.
1.2 Complementary Documents

In addition to the FW 4170 customer documentation listed in Chapter 1.1, there is further
documentation:
• FW 4170 Release Note
FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

FUJITSU and FUJITSU Customer Use Only 1-1
CHAPTER 1
This document identifies the specific version of the FW 4170 and provides information
on Hardware, Software, FLEXR-L components and the limitations of the release as well
as important notes concerning the customer documentation.
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

1-2 FUJITSU and FUJITSU Customer Use Only
CHAPTER 1
1.3 Symbols Used in the Customer Documentation
1.3.1 Symbol for Warnings

This symbol identifies notes which, if ignored, can result in personal injury or in permanent
! damage to the equipment.
1.3.2 Symbols for Notes
i Information which extends beyond the immediate context.
Cross reference to other chapters in this manual or reference to other manuals.
Help Reference to the online help system of the Element Manager software.
1.3.3 Symbols for Menu Displays and Text Inputs

Menu options from pop-up menus or inputs to be made by the user (texts, commands) are
displayed consecutively in their hierarchical sequence in pointed brackets:
<Menu> <Menu item> <Command text> <Parameter> etc.
1.4 Notes on Licensed Software

This documentation refers to software products which were taken over from other companies
as licenses.
Should problems arise, you should contact FUJITSU as the licensee and not the relevant
licenser.
1.5 Standard Compliance

The FW 4170 is in compliance with the following standards (as applicable):
Electronic Industry Association (EIA)
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
IEEE 802.1Q Virtual LANs
IEEE 802.1p Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering
IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD Access Method
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CHAPTER 1
International Telecommunication Union–Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T)

Recommendations
G.703 Physical/Electrical Characteristics of Hierarchical Digital Interfaces
G.7041/Y1303 Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)
G.7042/Y1305 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) for Virtual Concatenated
Signals
G.707/Y1322 Network Node Interface for the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
G.774 SDH Management Information Model for Network Element View
G.781 Synchronization Layer Functions
G.783 Characteristics of Synchronization Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Equipment
Functional Blocks
G.784 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Management
G.803 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Transport Network Architecture
G.813 Timing Characteristics of SDH Equipment Slave Clocks (SEC)
G.823 Control Of Jitter and Wander within Digital Networks which are Based
On The 2048 Kbit/s Hierarchy
G.825 “The Control of Jitter and Wander Within Digital Networks which are
based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)”
G.826 Error Performance Parameters and Objectives For International,
Constant Bit-Rate Digital Paths At Or Above The Primary Rate
G.828 Error Performance Parameters and Objectives For International,
Constant Bit Rate Synchronous Digital Paths
G.829 Error Performance Events for SDH Multiplex and Regenerator
Sections
G.831 Management Capabilities Of Transport Networks Based on the
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
G.841 Types and Characteristics of SDH Network Protection Architectures
G.842 Interworking of SDH Network Protection Architecture
G.957 Optical Interfaces for Equipment and System Relating to the
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
G.958 Digital Line Systems Based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy for
Use on Optical Fibre Cables
G.691 Optical Interfaces for Single-Channel STM-64, STM-256, and Other
SDH Systems with Optical Amplifiers
G.664 Optical Safety Procedures and Requirements for Optical Transport
System
M.3010 Principles for a Telecommunications Management Network.
M.3300 TMN F Interface Requirements
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CHAPTER 2
Introduction
CHAPTER 2
Introduction
FW 4170 is a multi-service provisioning platform with add/drop, terminal and cross-connect

functionality for universal installation at all network levels.
All applications can be implemented using a single subrack. Reconfiguration during

operation is possible.
FW 4170 transports data signals and standard voice based traffic over one single platform.
For transporting data in the most economic way, the FW 4x70 product line combines
technologies such as Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) and Link Capacity Assignment
Scheme (LCAS) with the reliability and robustness of SDH networks and a quality of service.
FW 4170 is single subrack equipment and it provides full cross-connectivity between all
interfaces. The capacity of the switching network is up to 46 × 46 STM-1 equivalents. This
applies to the VC-4 layer and to all cross-connection types (unidirectional, bidirectional and
broadcast).
FW 4170 can be used as
• TMX (terminal multiplexer)

• ADM (add/drop multiplexer)
In multiservice transport and aggregation network applications.
State-of-the-art protection switching mechanisms are supported to enable an optimum

network with the very highest reliability possible – depending on the relevant network
topology and the requirements of the network operator, see Chapter 5.10.
For detailed information about the features of FW 4170 see CHAPTER 3.
2.1 Application Types

In Chapters 2.1.1 to 2.1.2, an overview on usage of the FW 4170 is provided.
2.1.1 Terminal Multiplexer Type
The FW 4170 terminal multiplexer (TMX type) can be used in such configurations as point-
to-point connections or as feeder terminal for traffic aggregation to core networks.
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CHAPTER 2
Introduction
155 Mbit/s (STM-1)/

622 Mbit/s (STM-4)
NE
155 Mbit/s (STM-1)/

622 Mbit/s (STM-4)
2 Mbit/s (PDH)
34/45 Mbit/s (PDH)
155 Mbit/s (STM-1, o/e)
Fast Ethernet
Fig. 2.1 Terminal Multiplexer (TMX)
The terminal multiplexer (Fig. 2.1) is equipped with a switching network thus provides cross-
connectivity between all available line and tributary interfaces on VC-4, VC-3 and VC-12
levels, as well as Fast Ethernet.
The capacity of the HO switching network is 46 × 46 VC-4s, and the capacity of the LO
switching network is 1008 × 1008 VC-12s. Therefore, the FW 4170 has adequate ability to
support multiple interfaces for star topology. For example:
− Simultaneously support of 2× STM-4 and 8×STM-1 optical interfaces as well as 84×
E1 electrical interfaces, or
− Simultaneously support of 6×E3/DS3 electrical interfaces and 48× FE/T electrical
interfaces
In addition to the TMX functionality, tributary to tributary connectivity is also possible.
2.1.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer Type
The FW 4170 add/drop multiplexer (ADM type) provides add and drop functionality for the
tributary traffic to the aggregate to 155 Mbit/s or 622 Mbit/s line side (Fig. 2.2).
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

CHAPTER 2
Introduction
West East
NE
155 Mbit/s (STM-1)/ 155 Mbit/s (STM-1)/

622 Mbit/s (STM-4) 622 Mbit/s (STM-4)
2 Mbit/s (PDH)
34/45 Mbit/s (PDH)
155 Mbit/s (STM-1, o/e)
Fast Ethernet
Fig. 2.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM)
The add/drop multiplexer type is equipped with a switching network and provides cross-
connectivity between all line and tributary interfaces on VC-4, VC-3, and VC-12 level, as well
as Fast Ethernet interfaces.
The FW 4170 supports multiple ring termination on a signal NE.
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CHAPTER 3
Overview of the Main Features
CHAPTER 3
Subrack Type
− 5.5 RU height, 1 system control card, 2 CC cards, 1 ST-CLK card, 2 power cards, 1
fan tray, 4 I/O interfaces and 8 traffic slots
Switch Matrix
− Fully non-blocking switching matrix , 7.2G switching capacity with VC-4 granularity
and 2.5G switching capacity with VC-12 granularity
Interface Types
− STM-4 optical interfaces: (1 per card)
− STM-1 optical interfaces: (2 per card)
− STM-1 electrical interface (2 per card)
− 34/45 Mbit/s electrical interfaces (3 per card)
− 2 Mbit/s electrical interfaces (21 per card)
− 10/100Base-T electrical interfaces: (8 per card)
NE features
− Virtual Concatenation (VC-12 Xv, VC-3 Xv)
− Link Capacity Adjust Scheme (VC-12 Xv, VC-3 Xv)
− G.813 option1 internal oscillator
− STM-N line timing
− Transparent DCC (MS/RS/MS+RS)
− Near end performance monitoring
− Far end performance monitoring
− Automatic Software downloads
− Auto link detection
− Optical Amplifier
− VoIP EOW over DCC
− Traditional EOW over E1/E2/F1
Hardware Protection
− 1+1 Power Unit Protection
− 1+1 Switch Fabric and Clock Unit Protection
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CHAPTER 3
− 1+1 Hardware Protection for STM-1 E electrical interfaces

− 1:1 Hardware Protection for E3/DS3 electrical interfaces
− 1:N (N<=3)Hardware Protection for E1 electrical interfaces
Traffic Protection
− SNC/I or SNC/N for VC-12/VC-3/VC-4
− MSP (1+1) for STM-4/1/1E
Ethernet Functionality
− Generic Framing Procedure GFP-F (ITU-T G.7041)
− Transparent function
SNM Embedding
− Element management by FW 4170 FLEXR-L
− Service/Network/Element management by FLEXR-C core
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CHAPTER 4
Network Applications
CHAPTER 4
The network elements can be used in a straightforward way of creating point-to-point
connections, linear chain configurations and ring configurations.
According to customer requirements, the FW 4170 can be equipped for the following
applications:
− Terminal-to-terminal topologies (see chapter 4.1)
− Linear topologies with add/drop function (chains) (see chapter 4.2)
− Ring network functionality (see chapter 4.3)
4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies

Terminal-to-terminal links are supported by FW 4170 network elements in the TMX
application, with the option of 1+1 MSP for STM-4/1 interfaces.
Fig. 4.1 shows a straightforward point to point network with one TMX at the transmitting end
and another at the receiving end. It is using MSP protection switching.
STM-1/
STM-4
Working
NE Line NE
STM-1/ Protection
STM-4
Tributary Tributary
interfaces interfaces
Fig. 4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Link
At the TMX, the client equipment is connected to the TMX through the tributary interfaces
(TDM or data traffic).
The use of MSP between the NEs is preferred for redundancy reasons but not mandatory.
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CHAPTER 4
4.2 Linear Topologies with Add/Drop Function

Linear chains are supported by FW 4170 network elements in the ADM application, with the
option of 1+1 MSP for STM-4/1 interfaces.
Fig. 4.2 shows an example for an application with MSP protection switching.
STM-1/ STM-1/
STM-4 STM-4
Working Working
NE Line NE Line NE
Protection STM-1/ Protection
STM-1/
STM-4 STM-4
Tributary Tributary Tributary

interfaces interfaces interfaces
Fig. 4.2 Add/Drop Function within a Linear Chain
An ADM is normally used at an intermediate site to add/drop client traffic. In Fig. 4.2, an
ADM is located in between two TMXs. At the ADM, selected traffic is added/dropped at VC-
4, VC-3 or VC-12 level; through traffic is transparently passed through the node.
The use of MSP between the NEs is preferred for redundancy reasons but not mandatory.
4.3 Ring Network Functionality

FW 4170 supports various ring topologies including single ring, multiple ring closure and dual
ring interworking.
4.3.1 Single Ring

The line speed of the FW 4170 single ring can be STM-4/STM-1.
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NE
NE 2 fiber ring NE
STM-4/1
Tributary
interfaces
NE
Fig. 4.3 Single Ring
4.3.2 Multiple Ring Closure
A single FW 4170 network element (NE) can interconnect two or more FW 4170 rings
working at different or the same line speeds. Fig. 4.4 shows two rings closed on a single FW
4170 NE.
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NE NE
2 fiber ring 2 fiber ring

NE NE NE
STM-4/1 STM-1
Tributary
interfaces
NE NE
Fig. 4.4 Multiple Ring Closure
4.4 Data Service Applications
In addition to traditional TDM applications, FW 4170 system also supports the data
transmission services. The typical application is Ethernet Private Line Service (EPL) which
offers dedicated, point-to-point Ethernet connectivity at Fast Ethernet (10 Mbps or 100 Mbps).
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8× WAN Ports
NE VC-3-Xv 8× FE/T
(X=1….3)
VC-12-Xv
(X=1….46)
8×LAN Ports (FE)
1×FE
NE NE
NE
Fig. 4.5 Ethernet Private Line (EPL)
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System Description
The following sub-chapters give a functional and technical overview of the main features of
the FW 4170 separated from the physical interfaces. For information about hardware
relevant features please refer to Chapter 6.
5.1 Subrack
A picture of the FW 4170 is shown below.
The subrack is 5.5 RU high and the physical dimensions are 447mm (W) x 244 mm (H) x
279 mm (D). It is designed to fit ETSI, EIA 300 and NEBS requirements.
Up to four FW 4170 subracks can be installed into a 2200mm or 2600 mm high ETSI rack or
an EIA 310 19” rack. The space between the two subracks should be at least 5-rack-units
apart.
Fig. 5.1 FW 4170 Subrack
5.2 Basic Functions

Fig. 5.2 shows the basic functional structure of FW 4170.
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FLEXR-C/ External Timing

FLEXR-L Output Input
System Controller Timing controller Maintenance Panel
Tributary
interfaces
Line interfaces
East
PDH
Interface
STM-1/4
Interface
VC Mapping
MS Overhead Process
RS Overhead Process
HOCC/LOCC
Ethernet
Interface
GFP
Line interfaces
West
STM-1/4
STM-1 RS OH MS OH Interface
Interface Process Process
Fig. 5.2 Functional Block Diagram
On the line side, the send/receive modules (SDH) carry out the conversion to
optical/electrical signals. The SDH cards can be equipped with various transceiver modules
(SFP modules) in several distance variants up to 622Mbit/s.
On the tributary side, the FW 4170 supports various PDH, Ethernet, and STM-N interfaces.
The central element of FW 4170 includes system controller, cross-connect matrix, timing
controller, and maintenance panel.
5.2.1 User Data Interfaces

FW 4170 can be equipped with the following interfaces (line and tributary signals):
Interface Type Bit Rate Connection Ports per Card

SDH 622 Mbit/s (STM-4) optical 1 (bidirectional)
SDH 155 Mbit/s (STM-1) optical/electrical 1 or 2 (bidirectional)
PDH 34 Mbit/s or 45 Mbit/s electrical 3 (bidirectional)
PDH 2 Mbit/s electrical 21 (bidirectional)
Ethernet 10/100Base-T electrical 8 (full duplex)
Optical Amplifier based on client bit rate optical 1 (unidirectional)
Tab. 5.1 User Interfaces
5.2.2 Switch Fabric Functions

The switching device provides high order (HO) and low order (LO) switching at the same
time.
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In the switch matrix, an SNCP is implemented for each VC-4/VC3/VC12 switching hierarchy
and input signal. The configuration of the switch matrix and of the SNCP is done by software
support.
Capacity of the Cross-connect Matrix

The FW 4170 has the following cross-connection capacity:
HOCC: 7.2G (46 × 46 VC-4s)
LOCC: 2.5G (1008 × 1008 VC-12s)
Cross-connection
All types of cross-connections are possible.
The switch matrix is a non-blocking square structured matrix for point-to-point and point-to-
multipoint connections.
Granularity
The configurable and simultaneously usable switching hierarchies of the matrix are VC-4,
VC-3, and VC-12.
HO and LO VC-n Connectivity

The switching matrix allows the following connections:
− Unidirectional connections
− Unidirectional point-to-multipoint (including 1+1 SNCP head end)
− Bi-directional connections
− Broadcasting (1Æ m, with m=4 for VC-4 and m=63 for VC-12)
− Drop and continue (broadcast 1 Æ 2 + SNCP tail end)
− Selector 2 Æ 1 (protected tail end for 1+1 SNCP)
Concatenation
Virtual concatenated VC-12 and VC-3 signals are supported. Protection switching for virtual
concatenated VC-3 and VC-12 signals is also supported. The group of constituent paths that
belong to a concatenated signal is determined by the Telecommunication Network
Management and written to an internal configuration table. Using this information, the FW
4170 software is able to set signal fail or signal degrade alarms for all paths of a
concatenated signal channel. In order to keep the (differential) delay of the signals low, all
constituent paths of a concatenated signal must be on the same optical trail; it results in a
bundling rule for the Telecommunication Network Management.
5.2.3 Multiplex and Mapping Functions

The FW 4170 transmits SDH and PDH signals. Fig. 5.3 shows the organization and
relationship of SDH and PDH multiplex structures.
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Chapter 9.1 summarizes the possible user data interfaces for FW 4170 NEs.
SDH PDH
Nx
STM-N AUG AU-4 VC-4
N = 1 or 4
3x
D34 34 Mbit/s
1x
TUG-3 TU-3 VC-3 C-3
D45 45 Mbit/s
7x
TUG-2
3x
TU-12 VC-12 C-12 D2 2 Mbit/s
Fig. 5.3 SDH/PDH Multiplex Structures
5.2.3.1 SDH HO/LO Multiplexer and Mapping Functions

The FW 4170 implements the following HO/LO multiplexing and mapping methods:
− VC-4 containers are aligned (with frame offset information) with an AU-4, according to
ITU-T G.707. The AU-4 may further be mapped via AUG-1 into STM-1 or via AUG-1
and AUG-4 into STM-4.
− VC-3 containers are aligned (with frame offset information) with a TU-3, according to
ITU-T G.707. The TU-3 is further mapped via TUG-3 into VC-4.
− VC-12 containers are aligned (with frame offset information) with a TU-12, according
to ITU-T G.707. The TU-12 is further mapped via TUG-2 and TUG-3 into VC-4.
5.2.3.2 PDH Mapping into SDH Containers

The FW 4170 implements the following mapping of PDH signals on SDH containers:
− 2-Mbit/s signals are mapped into a VC-12 asynchronously, according to ITU-T G.707.
The VC-12 is further mapped on a VC-4, via TU-12, TUG-2 and TUG-3.
− 34-Mbit/s and 45 Mbit/s signals are mapped into a VC-3 asynchronously, according to
ITU-T G.707. The VC-3 is further mapped on a VC-4, via TU-3 and TUG-3.
5.2.3.3 Ethernet Packet Multiplexer and Mapping Functions

The FW 4170 supports Ethernet frame mapping into SDH containers. So LAN traffic can be
transported over different SDH payload sizes (requires encapsulation by using an
appropriate protocol and mapping of the resulting frame into a SDH container).
For encapsulation, the Generic Framing Procedure (GFP-F according to ITU-T G.7041)
protocol is used. The encapsulated protocol frames can be mapped into different SDH
containers using the virtual concatenation technique.
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Ethernet Mapping into SDH Containers
FE traffic is Mapped into VC-12-Xv (X = 1 to 46) or VC-3-Xv (X = 1 to 3).

Encapsulated GFP-F frames can be mapped into different Low Order container sizes
providing a scalable solution that can cover network applications with very different transport
capacity requirements.
GFP-F Mapping
The Fast Ethernet supports the Generic Framing Procedure (GFP).
GFP provides a generic mechanism to adapt traffic from higher-layer client signals over an
octet synchronous transport network. This is a simple and robust encapsulation method for
packet traffic. All of the relevant MAC layer information, from destination address through
Frame Check Sequence (FCS) inclusive, is preserved intact by the mapping.
The FW 4170 uses a PDU-oriented, frame-mapped adaptation mode (GFP-F) for client
signal adaptation.
GFP-F does not rely on flag characters and associated control escape octets for frame
delineation purposes as HDLC does. Instead, GFP-F uses a variation of the HEC-based
(Header Error Control) frame delineation mechanism defined for Asynchronous Transfer
Mode (ATM). This avoids non-deterministic expansion of the client signal due to insertion of
control escape characters.
5.2.4 SDH Overhead Processing Function

The FW 4170 supports the following SDH overhead process:
SDH Overhead Name Description FW 4170 Support

A1, A2 Framing Bytes 3
J0 Regenerator Section Trace 3
B1 Regenerator Section BIP-8 3
RS-OH E1 Regenerator Section Order wire 3
Regenerator Section User
F1 3
Channel
D1~D3 Section DCC 3
B2 BIP-N×24 3
K1, K2 (b1~b5) APS 3
K2 (b6~b8) MS-RDI and MS-AIS 3
MS-OH D4~D12 Multiplex Section DCC 3
S1 Synchronous Status 3
M0, M1 MS-REI 3
E2 Line Orderwire 3
VC-4/VC-3 J1 Path Trace 3
POH
B3 Path BIP-8 3
C2 Path Signal Label 3
G1 Path Status 3
F2 Path User Channel
H4 Position and Sequence Indicator 3
F3 Path User Channel
K3 (b1~b4) APS
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SDH Overhead Name Description FW 4170 Support

K3 (b5~b6) Spare
K3 (b7~b8) Data link
N1 Network Operator Byte
V5 (b1~b2) BIP-2 3
V5 (b3) LP-REI 3
V5 (b4) LP-RFI 3
V5 (b5~b7) Signal Label 3
VC-12 V5 (b8) LP-RDI 3
POH J2 Path Trace 3
N2 Network Operator Byte
K4 (b1) Extension Signal Label 3
K4 (b2) Virtual Concatenation ID 3
K4 (b3~b8) Reserved 3
Tab. 5.2 SDH Overhead Process Function
5.3 Ethernet Transparent
The FW 4170 supports Ethernet data transparent transmission with the card 8×FE/T which
supports GFP encapsulation (ITU-T G.7041/Y.1303) with Ethernet traffic shaping.
5.4 Clock Pulse Supply, Synchronization

Every network element (NE) clock may be synchronized by a very accurate timing source,
normally by a primary reference source (PRC) according to the master-slave principle. The
SETS is responsible for generation of system and output clock signals.
According to the ETSI recommendation, T3 to T1 are the synchronization timing sources, T0
is the internal NE system clock and T4 is the timing output interface.
T3 T4
T2
Selection SETS
T1
T0
Fig. 5.4 Timing Source Selection
5.4.1 Available Timing Sources

The SETS synchronization for the FW 4170 is derived from any of the following external
ports:
− From any STM-1/4 ports (T1)
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− From an E1 tributary input (T2).

− From one of two external synchronization inputs (T3).
− From internal Stratum 3 clock (ITU-T G.813 Option 1)
A FW 4170 NE can run in free running, holdover, or locked mode. The normal synchronous
mode is locked mode. If all of the reference sources fail, the system switches to holdover
mode.
A Synchronization Status Message (SSM) signal can be used to transfer the signal quality
level throughout a network. This will guarantee that all network elements will always be
synchronized to the highest quality clock available.
The FW 4170 supports SDH SSM algorithm on all STM-N interfaces and on the framed 2
Mbit/s synchronization output signal (connected to the station output clock):
− SSM function support can be user provisioned as “enabled or disabled”. When the
SSM function is disabled in the NE, all STM-N interfaces and framed 2 Mbit/s
synchronization output signal interfaces will send out a DNU (do not use for sync)
signal.
− There are 4 possible quality levels specified in the SSM for timing reference sources:
PRC, SSU-A, SSU-B, and SEC. In addition, DNU is specified in SSM. The quality of
each timing reference source can either be retrieved from the incoming the SSM or
provisioned from the network management system.
− The FW 4170 supports the synchronization source switching algorithm based on SSM
defined in ITU-T G.781.
− The wait-to-restore (WTR) time for the timing reference source is between 0-12
minutes and can be set from the network management system in minute increments.
The default value is 5 minutes.
5.4.2 T0 System Clock

The T0 system clocks are used in the NE for traffic processing, OH/DCC busses, internal
system communication between the system controller and each card, and for the distribution
of the absolute time.
T0 clocks to SC slot include the following three signals:
− Clock signal 19.44 MHz; point to point distribution.
− Frame clock signal 8 kHz; point to point distribution.
− Absolute time signal 1 Hz; point to point distribution.
T0 clocks to each LC slot include the following three signals:
− Clock signal 19.44 MHz; point to point distribution.
− Frame clock signal 8 kHz; point to point distribution.
− Absolute time signal 1 Hz; point to point distribution.
All cards receive the T0 clocks.
5.4.3 Timing Output Interface

The System Management Interface Panel provides the following interfaces to offer
synchronization to external devices:
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− 2 Mbit/s (framed and unframed)

− 2MHz
5.4.4 Real Time Clock

For time stamps (time and date) in FW 4170 error and operational messages, a real time
clock is available (within the SETS).
The date and time for the real-time clock within the NE can be set and requested from
FLEXR-L/OS.
5.5 Retiming
In the retiming mode, the transmitter eliminates wander and jitter in the incoming clock.
While the rate of the outgoing 2 Mbit/s or 2MHz signal is normally equal to the rate of the 2
Mbit/s or 2MHz signal going into the SDH network, occasionally this relationship disappears.
A retiming function is necessary for suppression of jitter and wander that the 2Mbit/s signal
suffers during transmission in SDH and which makes the signal useless for carrying the
synchronous frequency to the PDH domain.
To retime an outgoing 2 Mbit/s or 2MHz signal, means simply to retime this signal with the
internal clock of the multiplexer equipment in which the desynchronization takes place. This
can be done by reading the recovered 2Mbit/s or 2MHz signal into an elastic store and timing
the output of the elastic store with the system clock.
When the device is set in the retiming mode all jitter and wander due to the multiplexing or
demultiplexing process in the transmission is eliminated.
5.6 Laser Safety Shut-down

To prevent possible personal injury from emerging laser light in the case of a line interruption
(e.g. fiber break), the FW 4170 equipment contains a laser safety shut-down function (ALS
Automatic Laser Shut-down) according to ITU-T G.958 and ITU-T G664. In the case of
signal failure at the optical receiver of a FW 4170 equipment, the laser transmitter is
switched OFF in this equipment for the opposite direction and thereby the disturbed field is
taken out of operation. The laser transmitter is then switched ON cyclically every 100 s for
approximately 2 s for testing. If the receiver of the concerned device receives a valid signal
again, the laser transmitter of the opposite direction is immediately put into continuous
operation again.
When switching ON internal power supplies or after a laser switch-off caused by total failure
of the power supply in the telecommunications center, the laser transmitter(s) must be forced
switched ON for approximately 2s after the permissible operating conditions have been
reached. In this way the line is automatically put back into operation.
In the case of line interruption or for maintenance work, the laser transmitter must be
switched on manually for approximately 2s or approximately 90s (test purposes). The
transmitter is switched back ON via the operating terminal.
No ALS function is supported for Ethernet interfaces. These interfaces fulfill the requirements
i of laser hazard level 1 without ALS.
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5.7 External Alarm Interfaces

Failures signaled by any cards are processed by the main controller of the device, which
forwards the detected alarm information to the alarm interfaces. The alarm interfaces are
accessible via an alarm connector.
The FW 4170 alarm interfaces provide two outputs:
− Major urgent alarm (triggered by any Critical or Major alarms)
− Minor non-urgent alarm (triggered by any Minor alarms)
5.8 Engineering Order Wire

The FW 4170 system provides one RJ45 connector for two output channels of E1, E2
Engineering Order Wire (EOW) channel and/or F1 user channel. The EOW interface (ITU-T
Recommendation G.703 compliant) is located on the system controller module front panel.
Users may totally select all the channels of E1/E2 from the system, and will be terminated by
the system. When E1, E2, and F1 bytes are not used, there will be only code “1” transmitted
in these channels and the received will be ignored.
FW XOW is an external box which connects the FW 4170 EOW interfaces via RJ45 cable. It
provides telephone links to connect one or more network elements by using the RSOH byte
E1 and/or the MSOH byte E2 for EOW communication. On external FW XOW Box, there is
one V.11 access for F1 channel, and the physical interface is DB15. And there is one RJ11
accessed for phone.
With an external box FW XOW connected with the EOW interface through a RJ45 connector,
the one to one call or multiple parts conference call can be performed among the nodes in
the network.
i Traditional EOW over E1/E2/F1 is available for FW 4170 R4.0; this solution is based on
management mode. In this mode the FW XOW can be managed via FLEXR-L or FLEXR-C.
Operators can assign or manage the telephone numbers in the box through the FLEXR-L or
FLEXR-C. At the same time the FLEXR-C can obtain the state and events from the box.
5.9 Software/Firmware
The System Controller (SC) board is equipped with micro controllers for monitoring,
controlling, and maintaining status information. They are programmed with embedded
firmware held in Flash-EEPROMs.
A compact flash (CF) card is provided which can be installed in the system control card. All
the software load of the NE is embedded in the CF card at the beginning. System gets the
software from CF card while booting the NE for the first time. A new CF card with upgraded
software will be provided during the system upgrade.
A software download facility is available. The download can be done remotely or locally via
the element manager or local craft terminal.
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The internal configuration database of the system can be uploaded and downloaded. It is
stored redundantly and robust to any card failure.
Besides the configuration database, there are two embedded software images in System
Controller. One is used by the active software and the other is for backup. During the system
upgrade, new software will be downloaded and stored into the backup image memory bank.
It will then be activated and the active image will be set as the new backup. Two software
image designs can efficiently protect the system from system errors caused by wrong
operation.
5.10 Protection Architecture

As today’s network carries more and more mission critical traffic, protection is a must to
guarantee minimum downtime. The FW 4x70 series features extensive protection
mechanisms in accordance with a number of ITU-T standards.
The following sections assume working knowledge of standard SDH protection schemes. For
an introduction to protection schemes and their implementation under FW 4x70 series.
5.10.1 SDH Traffic Protection
FW 4170 supports the following SDH traffic protection functions:

− Traffic protection functions on the STM-1 multiplex section layer (Linear MSP) and
− Subnetwork connection protection (SNCP) functions on the VC-4, VC-3, and VC-12 path
layers. Both SNC/I and SNC/N are supported.
Traffic protection functions are partly coupled with equipment protection features; this is in
i general implicitly achieved by including some HW components (e.g. SFP modules) within a
protected signal section.
5.10.1.1 1+1 Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP)
Protection switching is possible in the equipment according to the relevant ETSI/ITU-T

standards ETS 300417-3-1 and G.841, respectively.
Fig. 5.5 shows the general switching architecture for completing a linear 1+1 MSP with two
line interfaces:
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MSP
Bridge/Selector Working port
Working
Traffic
Protection port
Fig. 5.5 Linear 1+1 MSP, Fault-free Case
In 1+1 Linear MSP, the client traffic is always transmitted over the working and protection
path simultaneously (MSP Bridge).
In case of fiber break (Fig. 5.6), the SDH card detects the fault and the MSP selector
automatically selects the incoming traffic from the protection path.
MSP
Bridge/Selector Working port
Working
Traffic
Protection port
Fig. 5.6 Linear 1+1 MSP, Switch to Protection Line
In the FW 4170, Linear MSP is realized on per port basis.

The protection pair can be established by any two STM-1 ports in the system, no matter if
they are on the same card or on different cards.
All related interfaces offer at least two ports and therefore it is not necessary to have a
dedicated working and a dedicated protection card. As all the optical traffic cards offer hot
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changeable optical plug-in modules (SFPs) the 1+1 MSP protection always comes with
some kind of hardware protection.
FW 4170 MSP operates in single-ended mode (revertive or non-revertive).
All SDH traffic interfaces of FW 4170 support 1+1 MSP protection scheme.
5.10.1.1.1 MSP Protection Characteristics

− Support Interface: STM-1, STM-4, STM-1e
− Architecture : 1+1
− Switching type : unidirectional (single ended) or bidirectional (dual-ended)
− Operation type : revertive or non-revertive
The wait-to-restore (WTR) time for MSP is between 1-12 minutes and can be set from the
network management system in second increments. The default value is 5 minutes
5.10.1.1.2 Criteria for Initiating the Protection Switching Process

Linear MSP can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating
terminal/OS.
Internal switch requests:
− SF (from LOS, RS-LOF, MS-AIS, RS-TIM, MS-EXC)
− SD (from MS-DEG)
External switch requests (from values below; selected one at a time)
− Clear
− Lockout of Protection, LP
− Forced Switch, FS_P (working traffic to protection line)
− Forced Switch, FS_W (working traffic to working line)
− Manual Switch, MS_P (working traffic to protection line)
− Manual Switch, MS_W (working traffic to working line)
5.10.1.2 1+1 Path Protection Switching (Subnetwork Connection Protection,

SNCP)
FW 4170 supports two types of SNCP protection, SNC/I (Sub Network Connection protection
with Inherent monitoring) and SNC/N (Sub Network Connection protection with non-intrusive
monitoring).
The data signal is transmitted in a ring structure via two different paths and can be
implemented in line or ring structures (Fig. 5.7).
The switchover between the working and the protection path can be configured as “non-
revertive” or “revertive” mode. In the “non-revertive” mode, if there is a switchover to the
protection path as a result of a transmission fault, there is no automatic switchback to the
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original path once the fault is rectified, but only if there is a fault on this new path. In the
“revertive” mode, if there was a switchover to the protection path as a result of the working
path fault, there is an automatic switchback to the original path once the fault on the working
path is rectified.
AU4/VC-4 AU4/VC-4
Network Element
Network Element
Working Line Protection Line
AU4/VC-4 AU4/VC-4
Fig. 5.7 Example of Path Protection Switching for an STM-1 Line
5.10.1.2.1 SNCP Protection Characteristics

− Architecture: 1+1
− Layers:
VC-12, VC-12-Xv (X= 1 to 46)
VC-3, VC-3-Xv (X= 1 to 3)
− Switching type: unidirectional (single ended)
− Operation type: revertive, non-revertive
The wait-to-restore (WTR) time for SNCP is between 1-12 minutes and can be set from the
network management system in second increments. The default value is 5 minutes
5.10.1.2.2 Criteria for Initiating the Protection Switching Process

Internal switch requests:
− SF (from LOS, RS-LOF, MS-AIS, RS-TIM, MS-EXC)
− SD (from MS-DEG)
External switch requests:
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− Clear
− Lockout of protection (LP)

− Forced switch to working/protection
− Manual switch to working/protection
5.10.2 Hardware Protection
5.10.2.1 1: N Protection for electrical 2 Mbps interfaces

FW 4170 supports an optional 1: N (N=1 to 3) protection for the 2 Mbps PDH interface cards.
The automatic protection switching related information coming from the 21xE1 working board
(or protection board) is sent to the system controller unit (SC). When an E1 1: N protection
related defect is reported on the 21xE1 working board (or protection board) and correlated
by software as a valid Protection Switch Request (PSR), the SC initiates a switch to the
protection board (or the working board). As a result, the customer traffic will be forwarded
through the protection bus to the protection card. The switch matrix will then select the traffic
from the protection card.
In the normal state, the protection card can also provide the traffic service of lower priority.
When the protection switching is to happen, the lower-priority service will be dropped.
5.10.2.2 1:1 Protection for electrical 34/45 Mbps interface

FW 4170 supports an optional 1: 1protection for the 34/45 Mbps PDH interface cards.
The automatic protection switching related information coming from the E3/DS3 working
board (or protection board) is sent to the system controller unit (SC). When an E3/DS3 1: 1
protection related defect is reported on the E3/DS3 working board (or protection board) and
correlated by software as a valid Protection Switch Request (PSR), the SC initiates a switch
to the protection board (or the working board). As a result, the customer traffic will be
forwarded through the protection bus to the protection card. The switch matrix will then
select the traffic from the protection card.
5.10.2.3 1+1 Protection for electrical STM-1 E interfaces

FW 4170 supports an optional 1+1 protection for the STM-1 electrical interfaces.
The automatic protection switching related information coming from the 2xSTM-1E working
board (or protection board) is sent to the system controller unit (SC). When an E1 1+1
protection related defect is reported on working board (or protection board) and correlated by
software as a valid Protection Switch Request (PSR), the SC initiates a switch to the
protection board (or the working board). As a result, the customer traffic will be forwarded
through the protection bus to the protection card. The switch matrix will then select the traffic
from the protection card.
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5.10.2.4 1+1 Switch Fabric, Clock Unit and Power Unit Protection
In FW 4170 the SETS is integrated as a module inside the switch fabric card. Every NE can
always be equipped with working and protection matrix/clock cards.
All the transmission functions and information within the working switching fabric will be
duplicated and stored within the protection switching fabric, so that in case of failure, the
protection switching fabric will take over the task of the defect switching fabric without any
major delay.
From the SETS point of view, the working card will be configured as a master and
synchronized to a reference source, while the protection card will be operating as a slave
and synchronized to the working card.
In the event of failure of the working card, the protected card will take over the
synchronization function from the defect card.
FW 4170 provide 1+1 power unit protection. In the event of failure of working power card, the
protection power card will take over the power function from the defect card.
5.11 Operating Terminal FW 4170 FLEXR-L

Network elements can be operated and monitored via the software FW 4170 FLEXR-L
software.
The FW 4170 FLEXR-L is used primarily for local management and commissioning of
network elements. The FLEXR-L is connected via the Management Interface and allows for
access to network element locally or remotely.
For further information about operation, control and monitoring via FW 4170 FLEXR-L
operating terminals see FW 4170 FLEXR-L User Manual.
5.12 Connection to Network Management Systems
5.12.1 NE connect to FLEXR-C

Fig. 5.8 shows the integration of FW 4170 network elements in the TMN system. Access
from the TMN to FW 4170 NEs is fulfilled via SNMP over TCP/IP/PPP or (direct access) and
SNMP over TCP/IP/PPP or TCP/IP/HDLC or TCP/IP/OSILight (via dedicated SOH channels
within traffic links – DCCM or DCCR) interfaces.
OsiLight is an IP over CLNS (Connectionless Network Service) Tunnel protocol stack.

OsiLight lets IP traffic be transported over Connectionless Network Service; for instance, on
the data communications channel (DCC) of OSI based SDH equipment. OsiLight enhances
interactions with the CLNS network, allowing IP packets to be tunneled through the
Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP) to preserve TCP/IP services. The selection of
PPP, HDLC, or OsiLight is user configurable.
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System Description
TMN
(Telecommunications Management Network)
EM
(Element Manager)
SNMP over TCP/IP
IP over PPP IP over IP over

or HDLC OsiLight OSI based OsiLight
NE NE DCC NE
Fig. 5.8 Embedding of FW 4170 NEs in a TMN System
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Components of the FW 4170
CHAPTER 6

This chapter explains FW 4170 main system components.
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System FW 4170
Hardw are SW Package FW 4170 LCT
ETS System Rack FW 4170

LCT SW
FW 4170 Subrack FW 4170

LCT HW
FAN
PWR
SC
ST-CLK
1)
CC + 1× STM-4/1
1)
2× STM-1
2× STM-1 E (W/P)
2× STM-1 E IO
3 × E3/DS3 (W/P)
3 × E3/DS3 IO
1) Can be equipped with various
21 × E1 (W/P) pluggable optical transceiver modules
(SFP)
21 × E1 IO
8× FE/T
OA
Fig. 6.1 Overview of the System Components
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6.1 Subrack and Slot Arrangement

The FW 4170 NE includes one subrack and all cards are rear pluggable. The FW 4170
subrack consists of 1 SC slot, 2 power slots, 2 cross-connect slots, 1 ST-CLK slot, 8 traffic
slots and 4 I/O slots which can be flexibly configured for interface cards usage.
The subrack layout (front view) is shown below (Fig. 6.2) and the allowable cards in each
slot are described in Tab. 6.1.
LC1 LC5 I/O1
LC2 LC6 I/O2
LC3 LC7 I/O3

Fan
LC4 LC8 I/O4
Tray
CC1 ST-CLK
CC2 PWR1
SC PWR2
Fig. 6.2 Subrack Slots
SLOT SC CC1 LC1 LC3 LC5 IO1 IO3 IO4 ST- PW FAN Max. number
to to to to to CLK R1 of modules
CC2 LC2 LC4 LC8 IO2 to
PW
R2
Interface
SC √ 1
PWR √ 2
FAN √ 1
CC+1xSTM-4/1 √ 2
ST-CLK √ 1
2×STM-1 √ √ 4
8×FE/T √ √ √ 8
21×E1(W/P) √ 4(1:N protection N<=3)
21×E1 I/O √ √ √ 4
3×E3/DS3(W/P) √ 2(1:1 protection)
3×E3/DS3 I/O √ √ 2
2×STM-1E(W/P) √ 2(1+1protection)
2×STM-1E I/O √ 1
OA √ √ √ 8
Tab. 6.1 Subrack Slot Arrangement and Allowable Cards
6.2 List of Cards Supported

FW 4170 supports following cards:
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Card Name Explanation

Power Supply 1× -48V (range −40V ~ −72 V) power supply
Fan Unit Fan unit
Air Filter Air Filter
SC System controller
CC +1×STM4/1 Cross-connect and timing function card with one STM-4 or
STM-1 line interface
ST-CLK Station clock input and output function
2× STM-1 2× STM-1 optical interface card, per port configurable
8× FE/T 8× FE/T Transparent electrical interface card
21×E1 (W/P) 21× E1 electrical interface card with up to 1:3 protection
function
21×E1 I/O 21× E1 electrical interface card
3× E3/DS3 (W/P) 3× E3/DS3 electrical interface card with 1:1 protection
function
3× E3/DS3 I/O 3× E3/DS3 electrical interface card
2× STM-1E (W/P) 2× STM-1 electrical interface card with 1+1 protection
function
2× STM-1E I/O 2× STM-1 electrical interface card
OA 1 channel uni-directional optical amplifier, can be used as
pre-, post-, or inline amplification applications
Tab. 6.2 Overview of FW 4170 Cards
For more detailed information about the modules/cards see the following chapters.
6.3 Power Supply Card: PWR

The power supply card supports -48V (range −40V ~ −72 V) DC power. It converts the input
supply voltage into regulated operating secondary voltages. The outputs are isolated from
the input. All output circuits have a common reference point, which is connected to the
grounding layers on the backplane.
There is one green LED labeled PWR on the module. LED ON indicates that the
corresponding power supply is on; otherwise the power supply is off.
The power supply card is a pluggable module and is hot swappable. The FW 4170 supports
dual –48V DC power supply. There are two power supply slots located on the slot PWR1
and slot PWR2.
One power supply card can be equipped in any one of the power supply slots to support the
whole system.
Faceplate
Fig. 6.3 Power Card Faceplate
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LEDs
LED Name Color Status Functional Description

ON Power is on.
PWR Green
OFF Power is off.
ON There are fault conditions presented in this card
FAULT Red
OFF This card is in normal condition
Tab. 6.3 Power Card LEDs
6.4 Fan Tray

FW 4170 has one fan tray to support subrack cooling. The fan tray is equipped with 4 fans
and is located at the left of the subrack. The fan tray is replaceable when the system is in
service.
Faceplate
Fig. 6.4 Fan Tray Faceplate
6.5 System Controller Card: SC

Function
The SC card performs system control function. The FW 4170 system supports single system
controllers. The system controller is equipped in the SC slot to manage the whole system.
Faceplate
Fig. 6.5 System Controller (SC) Card Faceplate
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External Interfaces
Interface Description
CONSOLE RS232 interface, DB9 connector, local configuration interface
MDI 2× RJ45 connectors to provide 8 MDI ports.
MDIs are used to read the status of external alarm-points. Both the
MDI description and severities are provisionable on the
management system.
MDO 1× RJ45 connector to provide 4 MDO ports.
MDOs are used to drive external devices. MDO actions are
activated or deactivated manually by the management system.
ALM RJ45 alarm output interface, providing one audio and three video
alarm control
EOW 1× RJ45 connector for (E1, E2) and/or F1 user channel.
The one to one call or multiple parts conference call can be
performed among the nodes with an external box connected
through this interface.
MGMT RJ45 connector,
1× 10/100M Base-T management interface
RST SC card reset
LED-T LED test button
ACO The alarm outputs will be cutoff or connected switched by pushing
the button once a time. System indicators (critical/major/minor
LEDs) on the NE are not suppressed; all alarm output to bay-top-
alarming-module will be cut off.
SUP On SC the existing alarms will not be shown on the system and the
rack-top alarm panel when the button is pushed a time. The new
alarm will still be output. A one state suppress button to suppress
the current alarm output on the audible and visual indicators.
The alarm indicators (critical/major/minor LEDs) of both NE system
and rack-top alarm panel are also suppressed.
Tab. 6.4 System Controller (SC) Card Interface
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LEDs
Name Color Status Functional Description

ON This module is in the active mode
ACT Green
OFF This module is in the standby mode
ON Power is available to the system.
PWR Green
OFF Power is off
ON There are fault condition on this module
FAULT Red
OFF There is no alarm on this module
ON One or more critical alarms are present.
One or more critical communication alarms
Flashing are present, or any card is mismatch or faulty
CR Red
(Major alarm LED will flash at the same time).
No critical communication alarms are present,
OFF
and card/system is in service.
ON There are one or more major alarms present.
When any optional service card is mismatch or
MJ Orange Flashing faulty, Major alarm LED and Critical alarm
LED will flash at the same time.
OFF No major alarms.
ON There are one or more minor alarms present.
No minor alarms
MN Yellow
OFF (Note: warning and indeterminate alarms won’t
turn the LED on.)
Tab. 6.5 SC Card LEDs
6.6 System Interface Card: ST-CLK

The FW 4170 equipment has a system interface card on the top of the chassis to provide two
pairs of station clock input / output. See below:
Fig. 6.6 System Interface Card Panel
Interfaces
The following table lists the interface and control buttons on this panel:
Interface Functional description

IN (CLK) CC4 connector, 75 Ohm coaxial
2048kbit/s (ITU-T G.703-6) or 2048kHz (ITU-T G.703-10)
OUT (CLK) CC4 connector, 75 Ohm coaxial
2048kbit/s (ITU-T .703) or 2048kHz (ITU-T G.703-10)
Tab. 6.6 Rear System Management Interface Panel Interfaces
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LEDs
Name Color
Status Description
ON The power supply is on and working in normal condition.
PWR Green
OFF There is no power.
ON There are fault conditions presented in this card.
FAULT Red
OFF The card is normal condition.
Tab. 6.7 System Management Interface Panel LEDs
6.7 Cross-connect and Timing Card CC+1×STM-4/1

The CC card provides the cross-connect function, timing function and has a 1×STM-4/1
optical interface. The switching capacity is 7.2G (for VC-4) and 2.5G (for VC-12). The
following sections described its functions.
6.7.1 Cross-connect Architecture and Capacity

The cross connection is a “high order + low order” switch fabric. FW 4170 supports
7.2G/2.5G switching capacity. It provides 7.2G HOCC (46 × 46 VC-4s) at VC-4 granularity
and 2.5G LOCC (1008 × 1008 VC-12s) at VC-12 or VC-3 granularity. The switching-matrix
provides a non-blocking switching of all traffic at VC-12, VC-3, VC-4 levels. Each VC-12 on
any slot can be switched with any other VC-12 on the same module or on any other chassis
slots.
The FW 4170 cross-connect structure is shown below.
STM 4/1
STM 4/1 LC5
LC1
LC6
LC2
HOCC: 7.2G
LOCC: 2.5G LC7
LC3 (1+1)
LC4 LC8
622M Bandwidth
155M Bandwidth
Fig. 6.7 CC Card Cross-connect Architecture
The following types of cross-connects are possible on both cross-connect units:

– Uni-directional
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– Bi-directional
– Loop backs
– Multicast (1 to 4 for VC-4,1 to 21 for VC-3,1 to 63 for VC-12)
6.7.2 Timing Function
The Timing function selects a recovered clock from one of the line inputs, a station clock
from the central office (two independent connections are provided), an E1 tributary input, or
an internal Stratum 3 (supports ITU-T G.813 Option 1 Stratum 3) reference (on the cross-
connect and timing module) as the system-timing reference. Up to 8 candidate references
may be selected among all STM-N, 2Mb/s traffic ports and two 2MHz or 2Mb/s external
inputs in the system. Operator can identify up to four timing reference quality levels, which
can be prioritized to provide protection. A slow-reference tracking loop allows the Timing
function to synchronize to the recovered clock, which provides holdover if the reference is
lost.
The System Timing References are:

– Station External Timing (2Mbps) input/output
– STM-N Optical Network Interfaces
– STM-1, E1 client Interfaces
The FW 4170 can run in free running, holdover, or locked mode. The normal synchronous
mode is locked mode. If all of the reference sources fail, the system switches to holdover
mode. The accuracy of the local oscillator is ±4.6 ppm over 20 years.
A Synchronization Status Message (SSM) signal can be used to transfer the signal quality
level throughout a network. This will guarantee that all network elements will always be
synchronized to the highest quality clock available.
The FW 4170 supports SDH SSM algorithm on all STM-N interfaces and on the framed 2
Mbit/s synchronization output signal (connected to the station output clock):
1） SSM function support can be user provisioned as “enabled or disabled”. When the
SSM function is disabled in the NE, all STM-N interfaces and the framed 2 Mbit/s
synchronization output signal interface will send out a DNU (do not use for sync)
signal.
2） There are 4 possible quality levels specified in the SSM for timing reference sources:
PRC, SSU-A, SSU-B, and SEC. In addition, DNU is specified in SSM. The quality of
each timing reference source can either be retrieved from the incoming SSM or
provisioned from the network management system.
3） The FW 4170 supports the synchronization source switching algorithm based on

SSM defined in ITU-T G.781.
4） The wait-to-restore (WTR) time for timing reference source is between 0-12 minutes
and can be set from the network management system in minute increments. The
default value is 5 minutes.
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6.7.3 STM Interface

The CC board provides 1×STM-4/1 optical interface. The interface is fully compliant with
ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards.
The current optical line interface on the CC card uses an SFP (Small Form-Factor
Pluggable), with multiple SFP types for different transmission distance applications. The
optical line interfaces also support ALS (Automatic Laser Shutdown) functionality and optical
performance monitoring (including bias current, input optical power, and output optical
power).
External Interfaces
STM-4 Optical Interface LC connector
STM-4 SFP options:
- STM-4 (V4.2 120Km)
- STM-4 (L4.2 80Km)
- STM-4 (L4.1 40Km)
- STM-4 (S4.1 15Km)
STM-1 Optical Interface LC connector
STM-1 SFP options:
- STM-1 (V1.2 120Km)
- STM-1 (L1.2 80Km)
- STM-1 (L1.1 40Km)
- STM-1 (S1.1 15Km)
Tab. 6.8 1× STM-4/1 Interfaces on CC Card
6.7.4 CC Card Faceplate and LEDs
Fig. 6.8 CC + 1xSTM-4/1 Card Faceplate
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LEDs
LED Name Color Status Description
Power is available to the card. It indicates the
ON presence of the internal power supply after the
PWR Green power conversion.
Power is not available due to broken power
OFF
converter or external power cable or connector.
ON The card is in working state
ACT Green
OFF The card in standby state
ON There are fault conditions presented in this module
FAULT Red
OFF This module is in normal condition
ON Optical link is normal
LINK Green
OFF Optical link is off
Tab. 6.9 CC Card LEDs
6.8 Optical STM-1 Interface Card: 2× STM-1

Function
This card provides 2× STM-1 optical interfaces. The STM-1 interfaces are fully compliant
with ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards. The client side STM-1 optical interface uses SFP
optical interfaces.
Any STM-1 interface on this module can be paired with any other STM-1 interface on the
same module or on a different module to support MSP and SNCP.
This module can be installed in any slots from LC1 to LC4.
Faceplate
Fig. 6.9 2× STM-1 Card Faceplate
External Interfaces
STM-1 Optical Interface STM-1 SFP options:
LC connector
- STM-1 (V4.2 120Km)
- STM-1 (L1.2 80Km)
- STM-1 (L1.1 40Km)
- STM-1 (S1.1 15Km)
Tab. 6.10 2× STM-1 Card External Interfaces
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LEDs
LED Name Color Status Description

ON presence of the internal power supply after the
PWR Green power conversion.
OFF
converter or external power cable or connector.
FAULT Red
LINK 1 ON Optical link is normal
Green
LINK 2 OFF Optical link is off
Tab. 6.11 2× STM-1 Card LEDs
6.9 Electrical 155Mbit/s Interface Card: 2× STM-1E (W/P), 2× STM-

1E IO
Function
FW 4170 offers 2× STM-1E electrical interface cards, and supports the redundant (1+1) 2×
STM-1E module protection function.
The redundant (1+1) 2× STM-1E protection modules include two 2× STM-1E (W/P)
functional boards and one 2× STM-1E IO board.
The 2× STM-1E (W/P) functional board performs 2× STM-1E signal mapping and framing
function.
The 2× STM-1E IO board provide 2× STM-1E interfaces. This board is connected to both 2×
STM-1E (working) and 2× STM-1E (protection) module simultaneously.
In normal condition, the STM-1E client interface is connected to the 2× STM-1E (working)
board. When the 2× STM-1E (working) board fails, the 2× STM-1E IO board will switch to the
2× STM-1E (protection) board.
Fig. 6.10 depicts the functional block diagram of 2× STM-1E (W/P) protection modules.
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2× STM-1E (W)
2x STM-1E transceiver
2× STM-1E IO & Framing function
Selector
Relay
To CC board
via Backplane
2× STM-1E (P)
2x STM-1E transceiver
& Framing function
SC
Fig. 6.10 Functional block diagram of 2× STM-1E (W/P)
The FW 4170 chassis supports one group of 2× STM-1E protection module.

The allowable slots for the 2× STM-1E (W/P) interface modules are summarized in Tab. 6.12
below.
Protection Pair
Board Name (3 slots)
Allowable Slots
2× STM-1E IO IO4
2× STM-1E (W/P) LC3(P) LC4(W)
Tab. 6.12 2× STM-1E (W/P) allowable slots
Faceplate
Fig. 6.11 2× STM-1E (W/P) faceplate
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Fig. 6.12 2× STM-1E IO faceplate
External Interface
STM-1E Electrical CC4 connector
Interface Transmission distance: 0 to 53m (-15dB receiving sensitivity)
Tab. 6.13 External interfaces of 2× STM-1E line interface module
LEDs

Power is available to the card. It indicates the presence
ON
of the internal power supply after the power conversion.
Power Green
Power is not available due to broken power converter,
OFF
external power cable, or connector.
ACT Green
Fault Red
Tab. 6.14 2× STM-1E interface module LEDs
6.10 Electrical 34/45Mbit/s Interface Card: 3× E3/DS3 (W/P), 3×

E3/DS3 IO
Function
This module has 3× E3/DS3 software configurable interfaces; each E3/DS3 signal is mapped
into a Lower Order VC-3 and forwarded to line interface for transmission. The E3/DS3
interface uses CC4 connectors. The maximum distance for the service interface is up to 667
meters.
Fig. 6.13 depicts the functional block diagram of the 3× E3/DS3 (W/P) module 1:1 protection
connections. In normal conditions, the I/O cards connect to working cards; if one of the
working card fails, the corresponding I/O card will immediately switch to the protection card.
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Back Plane
LC3 LC4 IO3 IO4

3× E3/DS3 3× E3/DS3 3× E3/DS3 3× E3/DS3
Protection Working IO IO
3× E3/DS3 3× E3/DS3
Fig. 6.13 Functional block diagram of 3×E3/DS3 (W/P) 1:1 protection module
The protection board is located in the LC3 slot; the working board is located in LC4; the I/O
board is located in IO4 slot. If protection is not needed, the two working boards are located in
the slots LC3 and LC4; and the I/O boards are located in the slotsIO3 and IO4.
Faceplate:
Fig. 6.14 3× E3/DS3 (W/P) module faceplate
Fig. 6.15 3× E3/DS3 IO module faceplate
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External Interfaces:
CC4 connector
E3/D3 Interface
Transmission distances: 0 to 667m (-20dB receiving sensitivity)
Tab. 6.15 3× E3/DS3 module external module
LEDs:

ON
PWR Green
Power is not available due to broken power converter or
OFF
external power cable or connector.
ACT Green
FAULT Red
Tab. 6.16 3× E3/DS3 module LEDs
6.11 Electrical 2 Mbit/s Interface Card 21× E1 (W/P), 21× E1 I/O
Function
The 21× E1 interface module contains the following two long cards:
1) 21× E1 (W/P) Function card. This card provides ITU-T G.707 asynchronies
mapping of E1 signal into a VC-12 container.
2) 21× E1 I/O Interface card. This card is connected with 21× E1 (W/P) card to
provide 21 E1 interfaces using nine 2mm connectors. Each E1 interface is a
2.048Mbits/s electrical interface and is in compliance with the ITU-T G.703
standard. Two different card types for balanced 120 Ohm or unbalanced 75
Ohm signal lines are available for this module.
The 21× E1 (W/P) and 21× E1 I/O cards work together to provide 21× E1 interfaces with
function with up to 1:3 protection. The 1:3 protection group supports up to 63 E1 ports. (See
Fig. 6.16)
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Back Plane
LC8 LC5 LC6 LC7 IO1 IO2 IO3 IO4

21× E1
21× E1 21× E1 21× E1 21× E1 21× E1 21× E1 21× E1
I/O
Protection Working Working Working I/O I/O I/O
21× E1 21× E1 21× E1 21× E1
Fig. 6.16 21× E1 Card (1:3 Protection)
In normal conditions, the I/O cards connect to working cards; if one of the working cards
fails, the corresponding I/O card will immediately switch to the protection card.
The FW 4170 chassis supports 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 21× E1 module protection group. The 21×
E1 protection card is always located in slot LC8, and the 21× E1 working cards can be
installed in any slots from LC5 to LC7. The 21× E1 I/O cards are installed in slot IO1~IO4.
Their locations must obey the configuration rules described below:
21× E1 I/O 21× E1 Working 21× E1 Protection

IO1 LC5
IO2 LC6
LC8
IO3 LC7
IO4 LC8(for extra traffic)
Tab. 6.17 21× E1 Protection Group Configuration Rule
Each port supports retiming functionality. The retiming function can be enabled or disabled
on a per port basis.
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Faceplate
Fig. 6.17 21× E1 (W/P) Card Faceplate
Fig. 6.18 21× E1 IO (75 Ohm) Card Faceplate
Fig. 6.19 21× E1 IO (120 Ohm) Card Faceplate
E1 Interfaces
Using 2mm Connectors:
E1 Interface, Electrical,
1-7, 8-14, 15-21
120 Ohm, balanced
Transmission distance: 0 to 730m (-15dB receiving sensitivity)
Using 2mm Connectors:
E1 Interface, Electrical,
1-7, 8-14, 15-21
75 Ohm, unbalanced
Transmission distance: 0 to 535m (-15dB receiving sensitivity)
Tab. 6.18 21× E1 IO Card Interfaces
LEDs

ON
PWR Green
OFF
ACT Green
FAULT Red
Tab. 6.19 21× E1 (W/P) Card LEDs
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6.12 Fast Ethernet Interface 8× FE/T

The Fast Ethernet interface cards provide the means to map 10/100 Base-T Fast Ethernet
client signals into VC-12-Xv for transport. The Generic Framing Procedure GFP-F ITU-T
G.7041 encapsulation protocol is supported for mapping Fast Ethernet (FE) traffic into SDH
VC-12-Xv(X=1….46) or VC-3-Xv(X=1…3) payloads.
FW 4170 supports 8× FE/T card (T means the card supports transparent transmission of FE
traffic)
Function
The 8× FE/T card has 8×10/100M Base-T IEEE 802.3 compatible Ethernet interface ports,
and can provide transparent transmission for up to 8 10/100M connections.
The 8x FE/T card provide the means to map up to 8 Fast Ethernet client signals of type
10/100 Base-T into 8× VC-12-Xv (X=1…46) or VC-3-Xv(X=1…3) channels. The interface
and the protocol adaptation from Ethernet to SDH are achieved by GFP-F encapsulation.
The LCAS feature is supported.
The overall payload capacity of the backplane interface (4×VC-4) allows the provisioning of
transparent long-distance LAN services. The virtual concatenation (VC) feature enables the
supply of secure, dedicated and right-sized bandwidth for Ethernet transport. Up to 8
channels can be created with VC-12 granularity.
The combination of VC and LCAS creates fine-tuned and variable capacity SDH/SONET
pipes to match the needs of packet data QoS (quality of service) and customer SLAs
(service-level agreements) – and to boost carriers’ traffic-handling scalability and efficiency.
It can also provide soft protection schemes. When certain VC-12s in the same VC group fail,
LCAS can delete the failed VCs from the group. The traffic can then be dynamically adapted
to the rest of the VC-12s bandwidth for transmission. Otherwise, partial bandwidth failure will
lead to the failure of all the traffic. LCAS allows hitless adjustment of the size of a virtually
concatenated group of channels.
This card can be installed in any slots from LC1 to LC8.
LAN Port WAN Port
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 Octal EOS (GFP, 4× VC-4 for

4
8× RJ-45 100Base-T LCAS, ports 1~4,
5 PHY VC-12-Xv) 5 1× VC4 for
ports 5~8 to
6 6 CC via
backplane
7 7
8 8
Fig. 6.20 8× FE/T Card Functional Block Diagram
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Faceplate
Fig. 6.21 8× FE/T Card Faceplate
There are 4 RJ45 interfaces supporting up to 8 FE traffic. Each RJ45 provides 2 FE

interfaces via extension cable/connector. See Tab. 6.21 for the pin assignment of Ethernet
interfaces.
Each RJ-45 interface has two LEDs to indicate the data receiving and transmitting status for
2 FE interfaces. Take the 1(5) RJ-45 interface as an example, the left LED is used for FE 1
and the right LED is used for FE 5.
Ethernet Interfaces
RJ-45 connector
Standard compliance:
10Base-T (IEEE 802.3)
100Base-T (IEEE 802.3u)
Data rate supported:
10Mbit/s (half-duplex, duplex, and flow control)
FE Interface, 100Mbit/s (half-duplex, duplex, and flow control)
Electrical Cables:
10Base-T: 100 Ohms–two pairs shielded twisted pair cable (STP) and two
pairs of unshielded twisted pair cable (Category 5 UTP). The reaching
distance is up to 100m
100Base-T: 100 Ohms–two pairs shielded twisted pair cable (STP) and two
pairs of unshielded twisted pair cable (Category 5 UTP). The reaching
distance is up to 100m.
Tab. 6.20 8× FE/T Card Ethernet Interfaces
Pin Number Signal Description FE Port

1 RX+ Receive Data+ A
2 TX+ Transmit Data+ A
3 RX- Receive Data- A
4 RX+ Receive Data+ B
5 RX- Receive Data- B
6 TX- Transmit Data- A
7 TX+ Transmit Data+ B
8 TX- Transmit Data- B
Tab. 6.21 RJ45 pin assignment for 8× FE/T Card
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LED
ON presence of the internal power supply after
the power conversion.
PWR Green
OFF converter or external power cable or
connector.
There are fault conditions presented in this
ON
FAULT Red module.
OFF This module is in normal condition.
ON The link is up.
RJ-45 LED Green
OFF The link is down.
Tab. 6.22 8× FE/T Card LEDs
6.13 Optical Amplifier Card: OA

Function
This OA (Optical Amplifier) card provides uni-directional single optical amplifier functionality
with optical performance monitoring capabilities. This card is designed to compensate losses
in the entire C band as Booster or Pre-amplifier in the transmission networks.
The OA card can be ordered (with different part numbers) to provide the following
applications:
– Post-amplifier, 13dBm Output Power
This module can be installed in any slots from LC1 to LC8.
OA Card Safety Procedures

The OA card safety procedures are described in the table below.
Feature Description
ALS After 500 ms or more of continuous presence of the LOS defect, the
laser will automatically shutdown. The reduction of the optical output
power at OA input port occurs within 800 ms from the moment loss of
optical signal occurs at OA output port.
OA ALS Whenever the OA’s input signal vanishes, the OA’s optical output signal
will be shut down. When the input signal returns, the output power will
be restored.
Automatic Link The minimum optical signal restore delay is 100s.
restore The activation for Transmitter /Receiver is less than 0.85s.
The maximum deactivation time of booster is 100 ms.
The maximum activation time of an booster is 100 ms.
The maximum activation time of pre-amplifier is 300 ms.
Manual Restore "Manual restart" or "Manual restart for test" can only be activated when
the laser is shut down.
Tab. 6.23 OA Card Safety Procedures
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Faceplate
Fig. 6.22 13 dB OA Card Faceplate
External Interface
Connector Type LC connector
Optical Interface
Booster amplifier -10 to +3 dBm
Tab. 6.24 OA Card External Interface
LED

ON
PWR Green
OFF
ON The OA optical link is normal.
LINK Green
OFF The optical link is down.
FAULT Red
Tab. 6.25 OA Card LEDs
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System Control and Monitoring
CHAPTER 7

In addition to the payload signals, control, monitoring and customer-specific data signals can
be transferred in the section overhead of the STM signals.
To ensure high operational safety, operation is continuously monitored by a network
management system or by an operating terminal.
Network elements not connected to an operating terminal still give information about the
operational state (for support in the case of maintenance work) via built-in indication
elements (See Chapter 7.1 for LEDs).
System control and monitoring are performed by the ‘System Controller’ (SC). The MSC
communicates with the traffic cards via different internal interfaces.
The equipment provides an SNMP/TCP/IP over Ethernet interface to connect to the Local
Craft Terminal. The equipment also provides a management interface to a FLEXR-L.
For feature enhancements or debugging, software download is possible for all units of the
system. During download, the traffic is not affected.
The FW 4170 is integrated in the following management functions in conformity with the
corresponding ITU-T Recommendations and ETS standards:
– Fault Management
– Configuration Management
– Performance Management
– Security Management
The following are of particular importance:
– Alarm processing (e.g. AIS, FTP) for localizing faulty equipment in the transmission
network.
– Fault diagnosis at the card level (e.g. localizing a faulty card).
– Specifying and storing configuration data. This data can be entered and requested by
the network management system or the FLEXR-L.
– Determining the quality parameters according to the ITU-T Recommendation G.826.
– Administration of the access authorization in the FLEXR-L for various user classes with
passwords.
General Fault Management Functions

Fault Management is concerned with the detection, localization, isolation, and reporting of
failures of the transmission signals processed by the FW 4170 and of its equipment. The
failures and the failure processing are differentiated in two failure classes:
Transmission Failures and Equipment Failures

In addition to these two failure categories, the FW 4170 supports external alarm contacts,
which can be used for signaling any kind of failure.
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Failures are reported via the management interface and may also lead to alarm indications
at the FLEXR-L (card indications, NE indications, and transport functions indications).
Fault management functions are listed below:
– Detect anomalies
– Derive defects by eliminating spurious anomalies and to report some of them to the
fault management function
– Trigger automatic maintenance actions (AIS insertion, laser shutdown, etc.)
– Perform alarm reduction through correlation of defects
– Perform further alarm reduction through adjustable persistence checks
– Time stamp alarm events using the real system time clock
– Issue spontaneous alarm event notifications to the FLEXR-L/OS
– Use configurable alarm forwarding to prevent the report of unwanted alarm event
notifications
– Report alarms to the local alarm system
– Indicate the fault status of replaceable units
– Store alarm events and the alarm states in the current problem list for later retrieval
– Support fault location for diagnosis and maintenance assistance.
7.1 Indicating and Operating Elements of the Network Element

Indication elements (LEDs) on the cards (see 7.1.2) are a useful aid, particularly if neither a
Local Craft Terminal nor a network management system has been connected to the FW
4170 equipment when an alarm occur .The LEDs signal alarms at subrack and card level.
7.1.1 Operating Devices of the FW 4170

In the FW 4170 Subrack Front Panel there is a key ACO for manual acknowledgment of the
alarm messages.
7.1.2 Operating and Display Elements of the Cards
LED Displays of the Cards

To assist in maintenance work, there are two LEDs on the front of each card which are
visible.
– A red FAULT LED to indicate card-internal alarms.
– A green PWR status LED to indicate card power supply status.
– In addition to the red and the green LEDs which have the same behavior as on other
cards, the Ethernet cards contain yellow and green LEDs for each port giving
information about Link Status and Link Activity to the operator and service technicians.
Operating Elements of the Cards
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No hardware settings have to be made on the printed circuit boards of the cards. The cards
are configured by software commands from the operating terminal or from a network
management system when commissioning or in the case of later changes.
Help Configuration of the cards using software is explained in the FW 4170 FLEXR-L Use Manual
and in online help.
7.2 Control and Monitoring by FLEXR-C Network Management

System
Like all the components of the SURPASS product range, the FW 4170 is integrated to other
units through a central network management system, the FLEXR-C. The FLEXR-C network
management platform consists of the following components:
– FW 4170 FLEXR-L
– FLEXR-C (Sub-Network Management System)
- FLEXR-C
FLEXR-L
- FLEXR-L
SNMP over SNMP over

TCP/IP TCP/IP
Sub-network
TCP/IP/
PPP/DCC
NE NE NE
Fig. 7.1 Embedding of FW 4170 NEs in a TMN System
7.2.1 FW 4170 FLEXR-L

The access to the Network Elements via operating terminals is enabled by FW 4170 FLEXR-
L Software installed on the Craft Terminal.
The FW 4170 FLEXR-L is an element management system (EMS) with a graphical interface.
The FLEXR-L can manage any single NE via the DCC or DCN. The FLEXR-L supports
SNMP and can be connected to FW 4270 network elements via a network interface
(Ethernet) located at the system management interface panel.
The complete FW 4170 FLEXR-L software consists of the following components:
– Window 2000 or Window XP operation system;
– FW 4170 FLEXR-L software package.
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For details on FW 4170 FLEXR-L software components, see the FW 4170 FLEXR-L User
Manual.
7.2.2 FLEXR-C
The FLEXR-C provides both element management and sub-network management functions.
It is compliant with the ITU-T FCAPS function and extends these functions to the sub-
network level. The FLEXR-C not only provides SDH layer management functions, but also
supports the management of Ethernet, RPR, and ATM services, as well as other data
interfaces．The FLEXR-C offers a TMF814 northbound CORBA interface to interact with the
FLEXR-C-Core.
More detailed FLEXR-C information is provided below:
FLEXR-C Architecture
FLEXR-C is based on a distributed client, server and database architecture. The
implementation technology is independent of operating systems, which enhances system
compatibility. The modular software design allows the FLEXR-C to provide integrated
management of SDH, ATM, RPR, and Ethernet/IP networks in one platform and enables
scalability for introducing additional new technologies. The FLEXR-C allows multiple FLEXR-
C clients to manage the same network at the same time. Management at the Network
Management Level by The FLEXR-C or other higher-level network management system can
be reached via the FLEXR-C's TMF814 northbound CORBA interface.
Element Management Function

FLEXR-C offers an advanced graphical interface to facilitate the configuration of each NE.
Operations on NEs are shown directly on a graphical chassis view. A graphical interface of
the NE shows modules and ports, which directly correspond to the real ones being
managed. This gives the operator real-time status information, facilitating the management
process.
FLEXR-C provides standard-based TMN capabilities, including
– Fault Management
– Configuration Management
– Performance Management
– Security Management
– System Administration
Network Management Function

FLEXR-C provides layered management capabilities. Networks and services of different
technologies (TDM, ATM, RPR, Ethernet, etc.) carried over the same MSTP platform can be
managed and optimized independently through graphical management interfaces, appearing
as if they were independent networks. One network of MSTP equipment will appear to the
user as three different networks: an SDH network, an IP/Ethernet network, and an ATM
network. The FLEXR-C offers a total view of the managed MSTP network elements. It
provides many sophisticated network level functions in a user-friendly fashion.
Graphical End-to-End Provisioning and Maintenance
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FLEXR-C supports multi-service (TDM, ATM, RPR, Ethernet, etc.), graphical, end-to-end,
and fast service provisioning. This makes the creation, maintenance and management of
services significantly simpler for operators.
Utilization statistics of network resources and bandwidth

This helps service providers optimize their networks by discovering potential bottlenecks.
Topology Management
FLEXR-C provides a variety of network topology information. For instance, the SDH
synchronization enables a direct direct view and real-time monitoring of the timing status and
timing relationship between NEs. The FLEXR-C shows the topology map with different icons
to indicate different types of NEs and by using different lines to indicate different bandwidth
and various other user-friendly features.
Correlation Analysis Among Circuits, PM Data, and Alarms

Provides intelligent alarm correlation analysis to enhance trouble-shooting.
Network Elements Auto-Discovery and Network Auto-Construction

For details on FLEXR-C software components, see the FLEXR-C User Manual.
7.3 Management System Protection

FLEXR-C provides the following mechanisms to ensure system and data security:
(1) Database backup and recovery

The FLEXR-C is designed to allow operators to select the database back up as either
a backup per request, or to perform backups periodically (using pre-defined tasks). All
backups will be maintained in the backup table. Operators can retrieve any backup
copies as needed.
The database backup tool can work independently of the network management
system. This feature ensures that even if the network management system does not
run, the database can still be backed up in time.
(2) MIB backup and recovery

A copy of the MIB in an NE can be transmitted to and saved at the SNM or kept in the
NE. When the MIB fails, the backup copy of the MIB can be downloaded to the NE for
use. The FLEXR-C provides the switch over from the current MIB to the backup MIB.
The system provides a separate MIB backup tool (integrated with database backup
tool), which can do periodic backup and management.
(3) NE software recovery

The FLEXR-C supports remote NE software download and switch over between NE
software loads.
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7.4 NE Software
The FW 4170 NE software architecture is highlighted below.
FLEXR-C or
FLEXR-L
FW 4170 NE
SNMP Agent
Application Management Module

MIB
Hardware Drivers
Real-time, Multi-Task Operating System

(VxWorks)
Fig. 7.2 FW 4170 Software Architecture
7.4.1 Application Management Module

The application management module is the application layer software in the embedded
software system. Its main function is to fulfill configuration management and monitoring for
the NE. Via standard SNMP protocol, the application management module can inter-
communicate with the network management system, fulfill cross-connect management,
service protection configuration, performance monitoring, and alarm surveillance. The
application management module can be divided into the following sub-management system
functions:
– CC (Cross-connect) module
– FM (Fault management) module
– PM (Performance management) module
– TM (Timing management) module
– IFM (Interface management) module
– Data management module
– MSP and SNCP service protection module
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Each software sub-system can be divided into two layers: Manager and Agent.. The main
function of the Manager is to receive requests from the network management system, and
then convert them into operating commands, which will be sent to the Agent. The Agent then
receives operating commands from the Manager, and fulfills the configuration function via
the interface provided by the hardware driven module. In addition, the Agent is in charge of
collecting hardware information (for example, hardware failure and performance statistics),
and sending them to the Manger. After related processing, the Manager converts this data
into information the network management software can read and sends it to network
management software.
7.4.2 Hardware Driver Modules

The FW 4170 NE hardware includes many integrated circuit chipsets. Hardware driven
modules control these chipsets. The hardware driven modules provide the access interface
between the hardware and the higher layer software (the application management module).
The main functions of hardware driven modules include:
– Hardware initialization
– System auto testing
– Hardware configuration
– Interruption service
– Hardware information inquiring
– Alarm/Performance monitoring data collection and reporting
7.4.3 Real-Time Multi-Task Operation System

The embedded software in the FW 4170 NE was developed using the high performance
VxWorks real time operating system. VxWorks is a reliable embedded software platform. It
includes a high performance real time kernel, which supports preempting multi-task
scheduling based on priority. It also includes task management, timing management, storage
management, resource management, event management, resource management, message
management, queue management and semaphore management. These basic functions
offer powerful support for rapid, reliable application development.
7.4.4 SNMP Agent

The FW 4170 embedded software includes a standard SNMP agent module. The SNMP
agent is responsible for responding to all EMS/SNM requests including information requests
and action requests. It will also automatically generate event reports to the EMS/SNM.
The SNMP communication protocol includes 3 operations: Get, Set, and Trap. Through
these It will also automatically generate event reports.
The intercommunication process among the SNMP Agent, the MIB management module,
and the application management module is as follows: the SNMP Agent receives requests
from network management software, and then sends these requests to the MIB
management module. When the MIB management module receives requests it will cause
the application management module to do the related operations. At the same time,
hardware driven modules and some application management modules may generate related
events and data, which will be needed to report to network management software. This
information will be sent to the network management software via the application
management module invoking interfaces provided by the SNMP Agent and transmitting them
by Trap.
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7.4.5 MIB Management Module

The MIB management module is the interface of the management information database in
the embedded software system of the FW 4170 NE. The MIB includes all configuration
information and real time monitoring information in the NE. This information is managed by
the MIB management module uniformly to accomplish information storage, recovery,
retrieval, modification, and notification functions.
7.5 Management Protocols and DCC

The FLEXR-C or FW 4170 FLEXR-L uses SNMPv2 protocols to communicate with FW 4170
NEs.
The FW 4170 system uses TCP/IP over the SDH data communication channels (DCC) or
Ethernet LAN (RJ-45 connector) to provide a local or remote craft interface for management
and monitoring. The FW 4170 supports the following two DCC channels:
– Regeneration Section DCC (D1-D3 bytes)
– Multiplex Section DCC (D4-D12 bytes)
In the FW 4170, DCC is supported on all STM-N interfaces. FLEXR-C or FW 4170 FLEXR-L
enables the user to select which DCC is used on each STM-N interface.
FLEXR-C supports TMF 814 CORBA northbound interface.
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Commissioning and Maintenance
CHAPTER 8
Commissioning and Maintenance
8.1 Commissioning
If the FW 4170 has to be configured on initial commissioning, a Local Craft Terminal has to
be connected to the Ethernet interface of the FW 4170. The hardware and software
requirements at the craft terminal are described in manual ITMN. The craft terminal offers a
graphical, menu-driven user interface.
Detailed information for commissioning the FW 4170 equipment and the operating terminals
is given in the FW 4170 Installation and Test Manual.
8.2 Maintenance
The alarm and maintenance concept of the system provides sufficient alarm information to
localize and clear the fault at card level. No maintenance at regular intervals is required.
Maintenance measures (e.g. fault localizing) can be carried out locally via the local
management interface (FLEXR-L) or under remote control via the TCP/IP over DCC
(FLEXR-L or a network management system).
Maintenance of the FW 4170 equipment is described in the FW 4170 Troubleshooting

Manual and in the online help system.
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Technical Data
CHAPTER 9
Technical Data
9.1 Traffic Interfaces
9.1.1 Optical STM-4 Interfaces
622.080 Mbit/s Unit S-4.1 L-4.1 L-4.2 V-4.2

Distance variant km 15 40 80 120
User class as per ITU-T G.957
Bit rate Kbit/s 622 080
Optical wavelength range nm 1274 to 1356 1280 to 1335 1480 to 1580 1480 to 1580
Code Binary (NRZ)
Transmitting side
Laser type. ................. MLM SLM SLM SLM
Spectral width
Root Mean Square. .......... nm ≤ 2.5 n.a. n.a. n.a.
Measured 20 dB below max. level) nm n.a. ≤1 ≤1 ≤1
Side mode suppression. ........ dB n.a. ≥ 30 ≥ 30 ≥ 30
Extinction ratio value. .......... dB ≥ 8.2 ≥ 10 ≥ 10 ≥ 10
Launched power (at point S according
To ITU-T G.957) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. dBm -15 to -8 -3 to +2 -3 to +2 0 to 4
Maximum launched power in fault
condition (at point S) according to. ..
.... Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1
Receiving side
Receiving diode. ............. PIN PIN PIN APD
Minimum Receiving Sensitivity for
(BER ≤ 10 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-10 -12
dBm -28 -28 -28 -34(BER ≤ 10 )
Minimum Overload .......... dBm -8 -8 -8 -18
Maximum reflectance of receiver
(at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... dB n.a. -14 -27 -27
Fiber behavior
Fiber type. ................. Single mode Single mode Single mode Single mode
(according to ITU- (according to ITU- (according to (according to
T G.652) T G.652) ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.652)
Permissible dispersion. ......... ps/nm 74 n.a. n.a. n.a.
Path penalty by dispersion. . . . . . . . dB ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 ≤1
Permissible section attenuation at
max. dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . dB 0 to 12 10 to 24 10 to 24 10 to 27
Tab. 9.1 STM-4 Port 1300nm / 1550nm
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Technical Data
9.1.2 Optical STM-1 Interfaces
155.520 Mbit/s Unit S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2 V-1.2

Distance variant km 15 40 80 120
User class as per ITU-T G.957
Bit rate.
................ .. Kbit/s 155 520
Optical wavelength range. ....... nm 1261 to 1360 1270 to 1360 1480 to 1580 1480 to 1580
Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary (NRZ)
Transmitting side
Laser type. ................. MLM MLM SLM SLM
Spectral width
Root Mean Square. .......... nm ≤ 7.7 ≤3 n.a. n.a.
Measured 20 dB below max. level) nm n.a. n.a. ≤1 ≤1
Side mode suppression. ........ dB n.a. n.a. ≥ 30 ≥ 30
Extinction ratio value. . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 8.2 ≥ 10 ≥ 10 ≥ 10
Launched power
(at point S according to ITU-T G.957)
... dBm -15 to -8 -5 to 0 -5 to 0 0 to 4
Maximum launched power in fault
condition (at point S) according to. ..
.... Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1
Receiving side
Receiving diode. ............. PIN PIN PIN PIN
Minimum Receiving Sensitivity for
-10 -12
(BER ≤ 10 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm -28 -34 -34 -34(BER ≤ 10 )
Minimum Overload . . . . . . . . . . dBm -8 -10 -10 -10
Maximum reflectance of receiver
(at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... dB n.a. n.a. - 25 - 25
Fiber Behavior
Fiber type. .............. . Single mode Single mode Single mode Single mode
(according to (according to (according to (according to
ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.652)
Permissible dispersion. . . . . . . . .. ps/nm ≤ 96 ≤ 246 n.a.
Path penalty by dispersion.. . . . . . . dB ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 ≤1
Permissible section attenuation at
max. dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . .. dB 0 to 12 10 to 28 10 to 28 10 to 33
Tab. 9.2 STM-1 Port 1300nm / 1550nm
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Technical Data
9.1.3 Optical Amplifier (OA)
Parameters Min. Max. Units

Operating Case Temperature 0 65 °C
Storage temperature -40 85 °C
Environment (ESD/EMC) 700/85% V/-
Tab. 9.3 OA Card EDFA Module Absolute Ratings
Parameters Description Note

Wavelength Range 1528nm~1562nm 1
Pump Laser Uncooled pump
Configuration Single or Dual pump, single stage 2
Gain Flattening without GFF 3
Control Modes APC, AGC, and ACC
Transient Suppress Control Transient Suppress Circuit
Application Types Booster or Pre-amplifier
Notes:
1. This wavelength range is specified as the max. wavelength range for the erbium-doped
fiber amplifier using in single channel SDH application;
2. This configuration is designed for single channel SDH system up to now; dual pump or
dual stages may be required for obtaining high gain or large output power;
3. For single channel SDH application, the GFF (gain flatten filter) is not required for
obtaining the fine gain flatness.
Tab. 9.4 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier General Specifications
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Technical Data
Parameters Min. Type Max. Unit Notes

General Specifications (for all types Booster)
Wavelength Range 1528 1562 nm
Noise Figure 5.0 5.5 dB 3
Optical Power Detection Accuracy ±0.5 dB
Polarization Mode dispersion 0.3 0.5 ps
Polarization Dependent Gain ±0.2 0.5 dB
Return loss 45 dB
Transient Overshoot (5dB Add/Drop) 0.5 1.0 dB
Transient Suppress Speed (5dB 0.5 ms
Add/Drop)
Post-amp: 13dBm output power
Input Power Range -10 3 dBm
Small Signal Gain @Pin=-10dBm 18 dB 1
Saturation Power @ Pin>-5dBm 13 dBm 2
Notes:
1. The Maximum small signal gain
13dBm Booster: when input power<= -5dBm, maximum small signal gain can be up to
18dB.
20dB.
23dB.
2. The Saturation Power is specified at the Maximum Gain Value when the Input Power is
larger than -5dBm;
3. The typical value of Noise Figure is specified at the Maximum Gain and input power of
0dBm.
Tab. 9.5 Post-amplifier Specifications
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Technical Data
9.1.4 Electrical 155Mbit/s Interface
All marks of a valid signal must conform to the

Pulse Shape
mask irrespective of the sign. The value V
(Nominally Rectangular)
corresponds to the nominal peak value.
Pair(s) in each direction One coaxial pair
Test load impedance 75 Ohms resistive
Peak voltage of a space (no
1±0.1 V
pulse)
Rise time between 10% and 2 ns
90% amplitudes of the
measured steady state
amplitude
Transition timing tolerance
Negative transitions: ±0.1 ns
referred to the mean value of
Positive transitions at unit interval boundaries: ±0.5
the 50% amplitude points of
ns
negative transitions Negative
Positive transitions at mid-unit intervals: ± 0.35 ns
transitions:
Return loss ≥15 dB over frequency range 8 MHz to 240 MHz
A1 (UIp- A2 (UIp-
Rate ¦t (kHz) ¦0 (kHz)
Maximum peak-to-peak p) p)
jitter at an output port
155 520
65 6.5 0.15 1.5
kbit/s
Tab. 9.6 155 520 kbit/s electrical interface parameters
9.1.5 Electrical 45 Mbit/s Interfaces (E 32 according ITU-T G.703)

Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 736 kbit/s
Bit rate accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 20 ppm (input)
Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B3ZS
Pulse shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . according to ITU-T G.703
Pulse amplitude (isolated pulse) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.36 V to 0.85 V
Jitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . according to ITU-T G.824
Pairs in each direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . One coaxial pair
Test load impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Ω resistive
9.1.6 Electrical 34 Mbit/s Interfaces (E 31 according ITU-T G.703)

Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 368 kbit/s
Bit rate accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 20 ppm (input)
Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDB3
Pulse shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . according to ITU-T G.703
Nominal peak voltage of a mark (pulse). . . . . . . . . . 1V
Peak voltage of a space (no mark). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 V ± 0.1 V
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Technical Data
Nominal pulse width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.55 ns

Jitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . according to ITU-T G.823
Return loss
860 kHz to 1 720 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 12 dB (in), > 6 dB (out)
1 720 kHz to 34 368 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 18 dB (in), > 8 dB (out)
34 368 kHz to 51 550 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 14 dB (in), > 8 dB (out)
Pairs in each direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . One coaxial pair
Test load impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Ω resistive
(0.5)
Permissible cable attenuation at 17 184 kHz . . . . . . 0 dB to 12 dB, follows f law
9.1.7 Electrical 2 Mbit/s Interfaces

Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 048 kbit/s
Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDB3
Frequency tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 50 ppm (input)
Permissible cable attenuation at 1024 kHz . . . . . . . . 0 dB to 6 dB
Nominal impedance (input and output)
according to ITU-T G.703. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Ω (unbalanced) or
120 Ω (balanced),
(Depending on hardware type)
Return loss
51 kHz to 102 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 12 dB (in), > 6 dB (out)
102 kHz to 2 048 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 18 dB (in), > 8 dB (out)
2 048 kHz to 3 072 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 14 dB (in), > 8 dB (out)
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

CHAPTER 9
Technical Data
9.1.8 Fast Ethernet Interfaces 100Base-T, Electrical
100 Base-T Fast Ethernet poet according to IEEE 803.3u

Distance variants 100Base-T
User class as per IEEE 802.3u
Nominal bitrate 125.000 kBaud
Frequency tolerance ± 100ppm
Code 4B/5B. scrambled, MLT3
Connector
receptacle Shielded RJ45
Transmitter behavior
Output impedance 100 Ω differential
Return loss 2 MHz ≤ f ≤ 30 MHz: > 16 dB
30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 60 MHz: [16 – 20 * log(f /30 MHz)] dB
60 MHz ≤ f ≤ 80 MHz: > 10 dB
Level (950…1050)mV
Single amplitude
symmetry 0.98 to 1.02
Rise/fall time 3 ns c t r,f ≤ 5 ns, (10 to 90%)
Duty cycle DCD < 0.5 ns (referred to 50 % of Vout)
Output jitter < 1.4 ns peak-peak
Overshoot ≤ 0.05 * Vout
Receiver behavior
Output impedance 100Ω differential
Return loss 2 MHz ≤ f ≤ 30 MHz: > 16 dB
30 MHz ≤ f ≤ 60 MHz: [16 – 20 * log(f /30 MHz)] dB
60 MHz ≤ f ≤ 80 MHz: > 10 dB
Signal detect Assert-Time < 1000 ms
De-assert-Time < 350 ms
BER < 1E-12
Cable behavior
Connector plug Shielded RJ45
Cable type S/UTP
Category 5
Operating distance < 100 m
Insertion loss ≤ 19 dB (12.5 MHz, 100 m)
Tab. 9.7 Fast Ethernet Traffic Interface (100Base-T)
9.1.9 Electrical Ethernet Interfaces 10Base-T

Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IEEE 802.3
Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Mbit/s
Frequency tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 MHz
PMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NRZI serial
FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

CHAPTER 9
Technical Data
Connector type at subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ-45
All details regarding the 10Base-T physical layer can be found in clauses 7 and 14 of IEEE
802.3.
9.2 Control Interfaces
9.2.1 SNMP/TCP/IP/Ethernet for Network Management System

Bit rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 10/100 Mbit/s
Plug connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ45
9.3 Signaling Interfaces
9.3.1 Fault Indication and Services Status LEDs

SC Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 LED (green) Power
1 LED (red) FAULT
1 LED (green) ACT
1 LED (red) Critical
1 LED (orange) Major
1 LED (yellow) Minor
Optical Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 LED (green) Power
1 LED (red) FAULT
IO Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 LED (green) Power
9.3.2 Alarm Contacts

Alarm outputs
Critical/Major . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . urgent alarm
Minor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-urgent alarm
Electrical characteristics
Switch Voltage:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . max. 30VDC/30VAC
Load Current:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . max. 500 mA
Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . short cut
Inctive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . open
9.3.3 MDI/MDO Interfaces for Customer-specific Channels

MDI Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ45 for 8 MDI inputs (sensors)
MDO Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ45 for 4 MDO outputs (actor)
Activation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The MDI input and MDO
output ports are transparently
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

CHAPTER 9
Technical Data
controlled via the

management interfaces of the
FW 4170
MDI Input Interface electrical characteristics
Voltage Range . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 to -75V
Inactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to -10V
Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 18 to -75V
Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 to 3 mA
MDO Output Interface electrical characteristics

Switch Voltage: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . max. 30VDC/30VAC
Load Current: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . max. 500 mA
Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . short cut
Inactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . open
9.3.4 EOW Interface

Voice over IP in DCC or E1, E2 channel. (See 9.1.8 for interface specifications).
9.4 Interfaces for Network Clock Synchronization
9.4.1 2048-kbit/s Interface

Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ITU-T G.703 (frequency
range limited to ± 4.6 ppm)
Input Interface T3
Input frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2048 kbit/s
Input impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Ω
Input voltage U0P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.375 V to 1.5 V
Output frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2048 kHz
Output Interface T4
Output frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2048 kbit/s
Output voltage U0P
With unbalanced load (75 Ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75 V to 1.5 V
9.5 Switching and Delay Times
9.5.1 MSP Line Protection Switching

Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . according to ITU-T G.841
External switch requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . manual switch, lockout, forced,
FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

CHAPTER 9
Technical Data
clear
Internal switch requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SF (from LOS, RS-LOF, RS-TIM,
MS-AIS, MS-EXC)
SD (from MS-DEG)
Switching type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unidirectional (single-ended) or
bidirectional (dual-ended)
Wait-to-restore time (for revertive operation) . . . . . . . 1 min to 12 min (1 second steps)
Operation type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . revertive, non-revertive
9.5.2 SNC/I and SNC/N Path Protection Switching

External switch requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . manual switch, lockout, forced,
clear
Internal switch requests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SF (from SSF)
Switching type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unidirectional or bidirectional
Configurable persistency (hold-off time) . . . . . . . . . . 1 min to 12 min (1 second steps)
Operation type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . revertive or non-revertive
9.6 Power Supply

Input DC voltage (according to ETS 300 132-2) . . . . . –48 V
(Range −40V ~ −72 V)
Power consumption (worst case equipped) . . . . . . . about 260 W
Maximum power consumption of cards:
PWR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 W
FAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 W
SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 W
ST-CLK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 W
CC + 1× STM- 4/1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 W
2× STM-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 W
2× STM-1 E (W/P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 W
2× STM-1 E EC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 W
21× E1 (W/P). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 W
21× E1 EC (120 Ohm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 W
21× E1 EC (75 Ohm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3W
3× E3/DS3 (W/P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 W
3× E3/DS3 EC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 W
8× FE/T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 W
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

CHAPTER 9
Technical Data
9.7 Environmental Conditions
9.7.1 Climatic Conditions

Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ETS 300 019-1-3 Class 3.1e
Long term Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5oC ~ 45 oC
Long term Relative Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10% ~ 90% (40 oC )
Short term Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -10 oC ~ 50 oC
Short term Relative Humidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5% ~ 95% (40 oC )
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ETS 300 019 Class 1.2
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -20 oC ~ 60 oC
Relative Humidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2% ~ 98%
Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ETS 300 019 Class 2.3
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -20 oC ~ 60 oC
Relative Humidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2% ~ 98%
9.7.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC

Electromagnetic immunity in compliance with. . . . . . ETS 300 386-1 v1.3.3
Conducted Emission
DC-power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ETS 300 386-1 (corresponds with
EN 55022 Class A for 0.15 to 30 MHz)
Telecom ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CISPR 22 (1997), Class A
Electromagnetic emission in compliance with . . . . . . EN 55022 class A
Electrostatic Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EN 61000-4-2, Level 4
Radiated Immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EN 61000-4-3, Level 2
Electrical Fast Transients - DC Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . EN 61000-4-4, Level 1
Electrical Fast Transients - Telecom Ports . . . . . . . . . EN 61000-4-4, Level 2
Surges - Indoor Telecom Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EN 61000-4-5, Level 1
Continuous Wave (all ports) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EN 61000-4-6, Level 2
9.8 Dimensions in mm
Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 × 2200 × 300 (W×H×D)
Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445 × 240 × 250 (W×H×D)
Cards: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (W × H)
PWR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 29.6
Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244.0 × 46.0
SC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.7 × 29.6
ST-CLK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129.5 × 32.6
CC + 1× STM-4/1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.7 × 29.6
2× STM-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 29.6
2× STM-1E (W/P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 29.6
FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

CHAPTER 9
Technical Data
2× STM-1E I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 32.6

3× E3/DS3 (W/P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 29.6
3× E3/DS3 I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 32.6
21× E1 (W/P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 29.6
21× E1 IO (75 Ohm). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 32.6
21× E1 IO (120 Ohm). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 32.6
8× FE/T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 29.6
OA (all type).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 × 29.6
9.9 Weights in kg
Rack according to ETSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.0
Subrack (unequipped): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.9
Cards:
PWR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.339
Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.425
SC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.505
ST-CLK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.132
CC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.495
2× STM-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.351
2× STM-1E (W/P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.351
2× STM-1E IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.460
3× E3/DS3 (W/P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.351
3× E3/DS3 IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.460
21× E1 (W/P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.547
21× E1 IO (75 Ohm). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.700
21× E1 IO (120 Ohm). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.777
8× FE/T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.270
OA (all type).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.293
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

CHAPTER 10
Abbreviations
CHAPTER 10
Abbreviations
ADM Add-/Drop Multiplexer
AIS Alarm Indication Signal (G.782, G.783)
ALS Automatic Laser Shutdown
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
AU Administrative Unit (G.782) (G.783)
AUG Administrative Unit Group
B3ZS Binary 3 Zero Suppression (Code)
CC Cross-Connect
CMI Code Mark Inversion
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
DC Direct Current
DCC Data Communication Channel
DCCM DCC Multiplex Section (bytes D4 to D12)
DCCR DCC Regenerator Section (bytes D1 to D3)
DEG Signal Degraded
EM Element Manager
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EN European Standard
EOW Engineering Order Wire
ETS European Telecommunication Standard
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
F Standardized Interface for the Connection to a Local Craft Terminal
FAULT Fault Alarm LED
FCS Frame Check Sequence
FE Fast Ethernet
FO Fiber Optic
FTP File Transfer Protocol
GFP Generic Framing Procedure
GUI Graphical User Interface
GUIMN Graphical User Interface Manual
HBT High Bandwidth Tributary
HDLC High-Level Data Link Control
HEC Header Error Control
HO High Order (SDH Traffic)
HW Hardware
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IP Interworking Protocol (G.784)
ITMN Installation and Test Manual
ITU-T Telecommunication Standardization Sector of ITU
LAN Local Area Network
LBT Low Bandwidth Tributary
LED Light Emitting Diode
LLC Logical Link Control
LO Low Order (SDH Traffic)
LOF Loss of Frame (G.783)
FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0
CHAPTER 10
Abbreviations
LOS Loss of Signal (G.783)

LP Lockout of Protection
LXC Local Cross-connect
MAC Media Access Control (ISO/IEC)
MCF Message Communications Function (G.782/783/784)
MIB Management Information Base
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
MTS Multiplex Timing Source
NCT Network Craft Terminal
NE Network Element
OA Optical Amplifier
OH Overhead
OHX Overhead Access and Overhead Cross-Connection Function
OK Service LED
opt. optical
OS Operating System
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
OSN Optical Service Node
OSPF Open Shortest Path First (IP Protocol)
PC Personal Computer
PDF Portable Document Format
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PoS Packet over SDH
PRC Primary Reference Clock
PWR Power
RS232 Recommended Standard 232
SC System Controller
SD Signal Degrade (G.783)
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SEMF Synchronous Equipment Management Function (G.782) (G.783)
SETS Synchronous Equipment Timing Source SF Signal Fail (G.783)
SFP Small Form-factor Pluggable (Optical Modules)
SNC Sub-Network Connection
SNCP Sub-Network Connection Protection
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SOH Section Overhead (G.782)
SSF Server Signal Fail
SSM Synchronization Status Message
STM Synchronous Transport Module (G.782/G.783/G.784)
STM-N Synchronous Transport Module, Level N
SW Software
T0 NE-Internal System Clock Pulse
T1 Clock Pulse, Synchronizing from STM-N Port
T3 Incoming Clock Pulse, Synchronizing from External 2048 kHz
Clock Pulse
T4 Outgoing, External Synchronous Clock Pulse 2048 kHz
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TDM Time Division Multiplex
TED Technical Description
TIF Telemetry Interface
TMN Telecommunications Management Network (G.782, G.783, G.784)
TMX Terminal Multiplexer
TSD Trail Signal Degrade
TSF Trail Signal Failed
TU Tributary Unit
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

CHAPTER 10
Abbreviations
TUG Tributary Unit Group

ULED LED Voltage
UMN User Manual
VC Virtual Container
WAN Wide Area Network
FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

CHAPTER 11
Index
CHAPTER 11
Index
ＡＬ
add/drop function, 4-1 Laser Safety Shut-down, 5-8
Alarm Contacts, 9-8 Linear Topologies with Add/Drop Function, 4-2
Application Management Module, 7-6
Ｍ
Ｃ
Management System Protection, 7-5
Climatic Conditions, 9-11 MDI/MDO Interfaces, 9-8
Control Interfaces, 9-8 MIB Management Module, 7-8
Cross-connect and Timing Card CC, 6-8 MSP Protection, 5-12
cross-connection capacity, 5-3
Ｏ
Ｄ
Optical Amplifier Card OA, 6-21
Dimensions, 9-11 Optical STM-16 Interface Card 1× STM-16, 6-10
ＥＰ
Electrical 2 Mbit/s Interface Card 21× E1, 6-16 Path Protection Switching, 5-12
Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC, 9-11 PDH Mapping into SDH Containers, 5-4
Engineering Order Wire, 5-9 Power Supply Card PWR, 6-4
EOW Interface, 9-9
Ethernet Packet Multiplexer and Mapping Functions, 5-4
External Alarm Interfaces, 5-9 Ｒ
Real-Time Multi-Task Operation System, 7-7
Ｆ Ring Applications, 4-4
Fan Assembly, 6-5

Fast Ethernet Card 8× FE/T Card, 6-19 Ｓ
SDH, 5-2, 5-3
Ｈ SDH Overhead Processing Function, 5-5
SNC/I, 5-12
Hardware Driver Modules, 7-7 SNMP Agent, 7-7
HO and LO VC-n Connectivity, 5-3 Subrack and Slot Arrangement, 6-3
Synchronization, 5-6
System Controller Card SC, 6-5
FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

CHAPTER 11
Index
ＴＶ
T0 system clocks, 5-7 VxWorks, 7-7
Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies, 4-1
Timing function, 6-9
Timing Output Interface, 5-7 Ｗ
Weights, 9-12
Ｕ
User Data Interfaces, 5-2
FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677


FW 4170 Technical Manual R4.0

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FW 4170 Technical Manual R4.0

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FTDG-600-01-41677

FW4170 RELEASE 4.0

ISSUE 1, SEPTEMBER 2006

Unpublished work and only distributed under restriction.

FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

BEFORE YOU BEGIN

FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

CHAPTER 2 Introduction ...................................................................................... 2-1

CHAPTER 3 Overview of the Main Features ........................................................ 3-1

CHAPTER 4 Network Applications ....................................................................... 4-1

CHAPTER 5 System Description .......................................................................... 5-1

5.10.2 Hardware Protection................................................................................ 5-14

CHAPTER 6 Components of the FW 4170 ........................................................... 6-1

CHAPTER 7 System Control and Monitoring ........................................................ 7-1

CHAPTER 8 Commissioning and Maintenance .................................................... 8-1

FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

CHAPTER 9 Technical Data ................................................................................. 9-1

CHAPTER 10 Abbreviations ............................................................................... 10-1

FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

Notes on this Documentation

1.1 Customer Documentation

• Installation and Test Manual

• FLEXR-L User Manual

1.2 Complementary Documents

• FW 4170 Release Note

FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

1.3 Symbols Used in the Customer Documentation

1.3.1 Symbol for Warnings

1.3.2 Symbols for Notes

i Information which extends beyond the immediate context.

Cross reference to other chapters in this manual or reference to other manuals.

1.3.3 Symbols for Menu Displays and Text Inputs

1.4 Notes on Licensed Software

1.5 Standard Compliance

FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

International Telecommunication Union–Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T)

FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

FW 4170 is a multi-service provisioning platform with add/drop, terminal and cross-connect

All applications can be implemented using a single subrack. Reconfiguration during

FW 4170 can be used as

• TMX (terminal multiplexer)

In multiservice transport and aggregation network applications.

State-of-the-art protection switching mechanisms are supported to enable an optimum

For detailed information about the features of FW 4170 see CHAPTER 3.

2.1 Application Types

2.1.1 Terminal Multiplexer Type

FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

155 Mbit/s (STM-1)/

155 Mbit/s (STM-1)/

Fig. 2.1 Terminal Multiplexer (TMX)

In addition to the TMX functionality, tributary to tributary connectivity is also possible.

2.1.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer Type

FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

155 Mbit/s (STM-1)/ 155 Mbit/s (STM-1)/

Fig. 2.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM)

FTDG-600-01-41677 FW4170 Release 4.0

Overview of the Main Features

− 1+1 Hardware Protection for STM-1 E electrical interfaces

FW4170 Release 4.0 FTDG-600-01-41677

4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies