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No eggs (viviparous) *barrel shape, 50-54 microns by 22-23 Typical - eggs have thick shell, striated
microns bipolar plugs - peanut shaped
Eggs *has mucoid plugs (bipolar), unstained
intralaminar prominences, 4 layers, Atypical - thin shell without polar plugs like
*unsegmented when laid hookworm eggs
*Small worm with a slender anterior end, *flesh colored
minute and threadlike *Covered by transversely striated cuticle
*Mouth bears protrusible stylet *fleshy in posterior end
*cephalic papillae *attenuated in the anterior 3/5
M *anterior part largely filled with stichosome *spear like projection at its anterior
Adult
o *Stichosome - a compact cord of linearly extremity
r arranged gland like cells called stichocytes *enables worm to penetrate and anchor
p itself to the intestinal mucosa
h *esophagus has stichocytes
o
l *post extremity *30-45 mm 2.3 - 3.17 mm
o *curved ventrad *caudal extremity coiled 360 degrees or *has caudal alae
g *bears a pair of conspicious conical papillae more *spicule
y *long sacculate testes *long non spiny sheath - extends beyond the
TESTIS *single lancoelate spicule, protrudes though posterior end
Male *single a refractile sheath
*at short distance from the posterior end of
the body
*midbody - joins genital tube
*posterior - cloaca
Infective Stage Viable infective stage larva Embryonated eggs encysted larvae
Ingestion of inaduately cooked or improperly Ingestion of embryonated eggs in eating raw fresh water fish containing
processed infected lean meat with larva contaminated food and drinks encysted larvae
Mode of Transmission
ingestion of larvaw passed in feces of
infected carnivores
*detection of the larval worms in the muscles *demo of characteristic eggs in feces with Stool exam
*Muscle Biopsy quantification *adult
*Xenodiagnosis=albino rats *has Charcot Leyden crystals *eggs - light infection - floatation
*Bachman intradermal test *Rectal prolapse Demonstration of adult
Diagnosis
*serologic test (BF test, CFT, IHAT) *Scrappings from the intestinal wall
*Intestinal contents(small intestine)
*Intradermal skin test - sensitive and species
specific
*same animals acts a both final and IH Resistance: discovered in the Philippines first case 1963 -
*Site of predilection - striated muscles *egg is much less resistant to dessication and male from ilocos norte
(superficial) heat than are those of Ascaris *in Pudoc river, Ilocos Sur
*5 larvae/g body muscle = Death *does not develop into infective stage on *All stages are seen in the feces
hard clay and ashes *Internal autoinfection is normal
*will not survive under direct sun rays and *confined in the instetine
Other info intense cold *10-14 days to embryonate
*2 weeks development to the IS in fish
Light infection = < 10 eggs/smear
Heavy = >50 eggs per smear
Massive = TNTC