Faculty of Engineering

Public Works Department

Part 1: Water Engineering

Assignments
Credit Hours System

CEM, STE &WEE

Spring 2017
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

Page 1
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

Assignment (1): Water Consumption and Population Studies

1) A city of 30,000 capita has an annual average water consumption of 160 L/c/day.
The given table shows the rate of water consumption for this town at 2 hours
periods at the stated times throughout 24 hours for the maximum daily
consumption

12-
0-2 4- 6- 2 2- 4- 10-
Periods 2-4 8-10 10-12 6-8 8-10
am 6 8 4 6 12
pm

Rate of
Consumpti 15 35 40 30 25
on 120 60 550 700 600 200 180
0 0 0 0 0
(m3/hr)

It is required to:

1. Draw the maximum daily hydrograph of demand for this town.

2. Calculate the total maximum daily demand by this town.
3. Calculate the average consumption by this town for the maximum day (during
summer) in m3/hr.
4. At what time the rate of consumption is the maximum and at what time is the
minimum.
5. Estimate the maximum water consumption per capita per day. Also, find out
the ratio between the maximum water consumption to the average annual
water consumption.

2) Given the following census data for the population of a city A.

Census data for cities A&B

Year City A City B

1956 15700 48750 It is required to forecast its future
1966 20200 56300
population at 2041 using the following
1976 24300 66750
1986 30750 78650 methods:
1996 39250 85660
2006 48300 104250 Arithmetic method.
2016 53500 117250 Exponential method.

Page 2
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

Graphical extension method.

Graphical comparison method.

3) Define the population density. Explain how to estimate the population

of an existing city by using the population densities.

4) A community has an estimated future population of 93,000 capita after

20 years. The present population is 45,000 capita and present average
water consumption is 7,200 m 3/day. The existing water treatment plant
has a design capacity of 16,500 m3/day. Assuming a geometric rate of
population growth, determine in what year the existing plant will need to
be extended.

Page 3
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

Assignment (2): Collection Works for Ground Water (wells)

1) The average annual water consumption in a city of 180,000 capita is 125

L/c/d. It is required to design the collection works (number of wells and
their distribution within the well area), using a group of artesian wells,
knowing that the thickness of confined aquifer is 9 m, the drawdown is 9.5
m, the coefficient of permeability of soil is 35 m3/m2/d, the radius of one
well is 0.2 m, and the diameter of influence is 200m. If the required
manometric head is 32 m, calculate the power consumption for the
pumping station. (Assume p = 0.7, and m = 0.8)

2) A gravity well is 15 cm in diameter and penetrates an aquifer showing a

depth of water of 28 m. After pumping for a long period, a drawdown of 3
m was created at a discharge of 2250 m3/day. Find the discharge when the
drawdown is 5 m assuming that the radius of influence is constant.

3) An exploration test is carried out in a site which is suggested to install an

artesian well and the following data were obtained:

Depth (m) 0-2 2-9 9-22 22-31 31-47 Over 47

Fill Silt Silty Clay Sand Clay
Type of Soil
clay
K (m3/m2/day) 37 15 9 5 32 6

The peizometric surface is 5 m below the ground level. Find the suitable
diameter of the well to get a discharge 1750 m3/day at a drawdown of 6 m
and radius of influence 310m, where the working hours are 16 hrs.

4) A well 12 inch in diameter penetrates 25 m into the water table of an

unconfined aquifer, where the permeability coefficient (K) was found to be
30 m3/m2/day. The drawdown at 60m distance was 3 m and at a distance
of 15m was 5m. It is required to get:

The yield of the well (discharge).

Page 4
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

The height of water after pumping at the well.

Radius of influence.

5) A well is provided with a screen of 20 cm diameter with a perforated area

of 35% of the total surface area of the screen. If the flow through the
screen is 3398 liter/minute, calculate its required length at a head loss of
2.5 cm. Knowing that the head loss is (1.5 v2/2g), where v is the velocity
of water through the screen openings.

Assignment (3): Collection Works for Surface Water (Intakes)

1) A water supply plant that feeds a city of 350,000 persons, takes its raw
water from a navigable canal with a H.W.L at (34.00), L.W.L at (31.50), bed
level at (28.00), G.L. at (37.00) and Road level at (39.00). If the average
water consumption is 128 L/c/day, the water level in the mixing tank is
(55.00), and the length of the water pipeline between raw water P.S. and
the mixing tank is 1200 m.

It required to:

1. Choose and design a suitable type of intake.

2. Determine the dimensions of Raw water P.S.(Suction well and Pumps

house), having the following:

The total number of pumps is (6), including 50% excess in

pumping capacity.

Spacing between pumps centerlines is 2.5m

All pumps are vertical shaft derived.

Plant is operated 24 hrs

Page 5
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

3. Calculate annual cost of consumed power, if the price of KWh is 0.4

LE, and the equivalent length of the pumps connecting pipes and its
fittings is 25m.

4. Design the intake conduits and suction well if the operation hours are
reduced to 16 hr/day.

Page 6
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

Assignment (4): Design of Water Treatment Plants

1) Water treatment plant of capacity 1250 L/sec, alum dose is 50 ppm.

Determine:
The amount of alum required per day in Kg.

The capacity of concentrated alum solution storage tank (assume

6% concentration).

Flow of alum solution dosing pumps in liter per second.

If the plant capacity is extended to 1725 L/sec, determine the

required alum concentration for the same alum tanks capacity and
pumps flow rate.

2) For the WTP in question no.1 (1250 L/sec), it is required to:

Calculate the no. and dimensions of required mixing tanks

Calculate the no. and dimensions of required flocculation tanks

Calculate the no. and dimensions of required settling tanks in two

cases (rectangular and circular tanks)

In case of using clari-flocculator tanks determine the required no.

and dimensions.

3) Water treatment plants (WTP) has a design capacity of 111,000 m 3/day. It

is required to design the clari-flocculation tanks considering the following:

Hydraulic surface loading HSL =1.70 m3/m2.hr

Detention time for settling zone = 2.50 hrs

Number of tanks = 3

Page 7
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

Total average water depth = 4.0m

4) Design a circular radial type sedimentation tank with an expected

population of 85,000 capita using 2.25 hours retention time at design flow
rate of 180 L/c/d.

It is required to:
i. Select the tanks dimensions to give a maximum overflow rate of 32
m3/m2/d.

ii. Calculate the retention time for max. and min. flow if the max. flow
=1.4*design flow and min. flow =0.7 *design flow.

5) For a WTP with design capacity 150,000 m 3/day, it is required to calculate

the number of Rapid Sand Filters RSF considering rate of filtration 6-8
m/hr, and length to width ratio =1.2 :1. Estimate the area required for the
filter house.

6) Find the number and dimensions of rapid sand filters units that will satisfy
the needs of a city whose population is 750,000 capita, assume the
average rate of water consumption is 200 l/c/d. Also draw the key plan of
the hall of filter units showing the main dimensions.

7) A water Treatment plant has the following units:

Three alum solution tanks 3* 2 *1.5 ms (alum dose is 30 mg/l)
14 rapid sand filters (including reserve) 8*7ms

It is required to verify the capability of the above plant to serve a town of

300,000 capita and average water consumption of 200 L/c/d. Suggest the
required modifications if needed.

Page 8
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

Assignment (5): Storage and Distribution Tanks

1 The given table shows the rate of population water consumption for this
town with a population of 50,000 at 2 hours periods at the stated times
throughout 24 hours for the maximum daily water consumption:

10a
10-
0-2 4- 8- m 12- 4- 8-
Periods 2-4 6-8 2-4 6-8 12a
am 6 10 -12p 2 6 10
m
m

Rate of
Consumpti 30 35 40 50 85 75 65
on 600 800 900 550 400
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m3/hr

It is required to:

1 Design the Ground Reservoir for the WTP of this town

2 Determine the number and dimensions of the Elevated tanks for this town
3 Design the high lift pump station for the WTP of this town.
4 At what time of the day the Elevated tanks are empty, and at what time the
Elevated tanks are full.
5 How much water is in the Elevated tanks at: Midnight, 6 am, Noon, 8pm, and
10 pm?
6 Design the feeding to the elevated tank.
7 Design the main feeding pipe from the high lift pumps to the city.

In these cases:

a The high lift pumps are operating at uniform rate of pumping throughout 24
hrs.

Page 9
Cairo University Water and Wastewater Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Credit Hours (CEM, STE &WEE)
Public Works Department Spring 2017

b The high lift pumps are operating at uniform rate of pumping during only 12
hrs. Determine the most appropriate 12 hrs of the day to get minimum
storage capacity for the Elevated tanks.
c The high lift pumps are operating at 150% of the average rate from 8am till
8pm, then at 50% of the average rate for the rest of the day.

Page 10