AQUEDUCT TROUGH DESIGN

NAME OF WORK:- AQUEDUCT THROUGH DESIGN

CANAL DATA FOR AQUEDUCT (Vertical section)

1 Discharge 3.939 cumec 3.939 cumec 150 TBL 257.08 150
750
2 Bed width 0.75 m 0.75 m
F.B. 150
3 water Side slope 0 0 vertical 0 10 mm bars@ 600
F.S.L. 256.93
4 F.S.D. 0.35 m 0.35 m

5 Free Board 0.15 m 0.15 m 10 mm bars@ 300

6 Bed slope 1 in 2500 1 in 2500 10 mm bars@ 300

FSD 350
7 C.B.L. 256.58 m 256.58 m

8 F.S.L. 256.93 m 256.93 10 mmbars@ 300

9 M.W.D. 0.50 m 0.50 m 10 mm bars@

10 Span 0.75 m 750 mm

11 Concrete G 20 wt. of concrete 25000 kg/m3

cbc 7 m 13 150
12 Steel Inside Out side
st 150 st 190

13 Water wt 9800 kg/m3

14 Reinforcement (in wall) Main Vertical 10 mm@ 320 0 Disty. 10 mm@ 300

15 Reinforcement (in Slab) Main 10 mm @ 300 0 Disty. 10 mm@ 300

 AQUEDUCT TROUGH DESIGN

CANAL DATA FOR QUEDUCT

Discharge 3.939 cumec 3.939 cumec
Bed width 0.75 m 0.75 m
water Side slope 1 :1 vertical 1
F.S.D. 0.35 m 0.35 m
Free Board 0.15 m 0.15 m
Bed slope 2500 2500
C.B.L. 256.58 m 256.58 m
F.S.L. 256.93 m 256.93 m
M.W.D. 0.50 m 0.50 m
Span (Proposed) 0.75 m
Nominal Cover 50 mm
Effective cover 30 mm

1 Design Constants:- For 415 Bars Concrete G- 20

for water side force
st = 150 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/m3
cbc = 7 N/mm2 wt of water = 9800 N/mm2
m 13 for water side force
m*c 13 x 7
k= = = 0.378 K = 0.378
m*c+st 13 x 7 + 150
j=1-k/3 1 - 0.378 / 3 = 0.874 J = 0.874
R=1/2xc x j x k 0.5 x 7 x 0.87 x 0.378 = 1.155 R = 1.155
for out side force
st = 190 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/m3
cbc = 7 N/mm2 wt of water = 9800 N/mm2
m 13 for out side force
m*c 13 x 7
k= = = 0.324 K = 0.324
m*c+st 13 x 7 + 190
j=1-k/3 1 - 0.324 / 3 = 0.892 J = 0.892
R=1/2xc x j x k 0.5 x 7 x 0.892 x 0.324 = 1.011 R = 1.011

2 DESIGN OF VERTICAL WALL:-

The trough wall is to be designed as a beam having a span of of = 0.75 m
between supports Hence thickness should be equal to span/30
span 0.75 x 1000
= = 30 mm say 100 mm
30 30
Max.depth of water = 0.50 m span = 0.65 m
3 3
wh 9800 x 0.50 204167
B.M. = = = 204 N-m
6 6 n-mm
204 x 1000
Effective depth required = = = 13 mm
Rxb 1.16 x 1000
Providing thickness "D"= 100 mm cover = 50 mm, Effective depth = 50 mm

Steel required
BMx1000 204 x 1000
Ast = = = 31 mm2
st x j x D 150 x 0.892 x 50
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 10 x 10
using 10 mm bars = A = = = 78.5 mm2
4 x 100 4
spacing =A/Ast = 78.50 x 1000 / 30.52 = 324 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm bars @ 320 mm c/c half the bars will be curtailed at 0.45 m from base
minimum steel to be provided for 0.1 ( 10 - 10 )
= 0.3 - = 0.30 %
distribution 45 - 10
 Area of distribution steel 0.30 x 100 x 1000
= 0.30 % of x section area = = 300 mm2
required 100
300
Steel of Each face = = 150 mm2
2
using 10 mm bars A = 3.14xdia2 = 3.14 x 10 x 10
= 78.5 mm2
4 x100 4
spacing =A/Ast = 78.50 x 1000 / 150.00 = 523.3 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm bars @ 300 mm c/c Each face

3 Design of Horizontal s slab

The trough slab having a span of of = 1.05 m
between walls Hence thickness should be equal to span/20
span 1.05 x 1000
= = 53 mm say 100 mm
30 20
Adopt effective thickness of slab "T" = 100 mm cover = 50 mm Total thickness = 150 mm
Effective span of slab = BW+ depth = 0.75 + 0.10 = 0.85 m
Loading
Load of water column = mwd x 9800 = 0.50 x 9800 = 4900 N
Wt of slab = wt of concrete x area of slab = 25000 x 1.00 x 0.1 = 2500 N
per meter length 7400 N
2
9800 x 0.50 x 0.50
Total water pressure on vertical wall= wH = = 1225
2 2
0.5 0.3
Fixing moment at end of slab = 1225 x + = 388 N-m
3 2

WL 2 7400 x 0.85 x 0.85

Max. possible segging moment = = = 668 N-m
8 8
=
Net B.M. at center of span of slab= 668 - 388 = 280 kg-m The slab is design for this B.M.
Since tension face is out side st = 190 J = 0.892 , R = 1.011
280 x 1000
Effective depth required = = = 17 mm
Rxb 1.011 x 1000
Provided Effective depth 17 mm cover = 50 mm providing thickness = 67 mm

Steel required
280.40 x 1000
Ast = BMx100/stxjxD= = 99 mm2
190 x 0.89 x 17
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 10 x 10
using 10mm bars = A = = = 79 mm2
4 x 100 4
spacing =A/Ast = 79 x 1000 / 99 = 790.2 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm bars @ 790 mm c/c
388 x 1000
Area of steel required at end (Near support) = = 178 mm2
150 x 0.874 x 17
This is < than half the steel provided at the center of span,However,
half the bars from the center of the span may be bent up at L/2 meter from supports.
Let us check whether this bending of half bars satisfies the enchorage and devlopments envisaged in
equation M1/V + Lo > Ld
1 1000 x 79
Where M1= Ast x st x j x d= x x 190 x 0.892 x 17
2 790
'6
= 0.14 x 10 N-mm
7400 x 0.85
V = shear force at the ends = = 3145 N
2
ls ls
Lo = - x' - 3 + 16 = - x' + 13
2 2
Where L s = Length of support = 100 mm and x' = side cover = 50 mm

M1 0.14 x 10'6 100

+ Lo = + - 50 + 13 x 10 = 175 mm
V 3145 2
 Ld = st = x 150
= 46.88
See table Concret
4 t bd 4 x 0.8 3.4 M 20
= 46.88 x 10 = 469 mm
or 175 < 469 Thus the requirement is not satisfied
minimum steel to be provided for 0.1 ( 67 - 100 )
= 0.3 - = 0.31 %
distribution 450 - 100
Area of distribution steel 0.31 x 67 x 1000
= 0.31 % of x section area = = 206 mm2
required 100
206
Steel of Each face = = 103 mm2
2
using 10 mm bars A = 3.14xdia2 = 3.14 x 10 x 10
= 78.5 mm2
4 4
spacing =A/Ast = 78.50 x 1000 / 103.15 = 340 cm
Hence Provided 10 mm bars @ 300 cm c/c Each face
 Table 1.15. PERMISSIBLE DIRECT TENSILE STRESS
Grade of concrete M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Tensile stress
1.2 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4
N/mm2

Table 1.16.. Permissible stress in concrete ((BS EN 1992-3:2006)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
Grade of concrete Bending cbc Direct (cc) plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
2
(N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) in kg/m
M 10 3.0 300 2.5 250 -- --
M 15 5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60
M 20 7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80
M 25 8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90
M 30 10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100
M 35 11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110
M 40 13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
M 45 14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
M 50 16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140

Table 1.18. MODULAR RATIO

Grade of concrete M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Modular ratio m 31 19 13 11 9 8 7
(31.11) (18.67) (13.33) (10.98) (9.33) (8.11) (7.18)

Table 2.1. VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18
cbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13
m cbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
(a) st = 140 jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
N/mm2 (Fe 250) Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254
Pc (%) 0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329
(b) st = 190 jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89
N/mm2 Rc 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127
kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289
(c ) st = 230 jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904
N/mm2 (Fe 415) Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698
Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816